CN104507169B - Reduce the three dimensional resource dynamic allocation method and device of system uplink propagation delay time - Google Patents
Reduce the three dimensional resource dynamic allocation method and device of system uplink propagation delay time Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of the three dimensional resource dynamic allocation method and device of reduction TD LTE/TD LTE A system uplink propagation delay times, and from time domain, frequency domain, the three-dimensional angle in spatial domain carries out rationally efficient dynamically distributes to resource.Including：The business of user is grouped according to different time delays, rate requirement, calculates the resource occupation priority argument that user belongs to the business of packet；Domain scheduling when calculating the dispatching priority of time domain and being carried out accordingly to user；The dispatching priority of frequency domain is calculated, and carries out the distribution of frequency domain resource accordingly；According to the transmission means of channel quality reasonable distribution spatial domain resource.Finally, after three dimensional resource distribution calculating terminates, system carries out table lookup operation to the mapping table of generation, and quick resource allocation is carried out according to data in table.The characteristics of present invention can reach preferentially user preferable to channel quality, that delay requirement is higher, rate requirement is larger and carry out resource allocation, and having reduces resource allocation algorithm complexity, and enhancing transmission reliability is with packet loss is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention discloses a three-dimensional resource dynamic allocation method and a three-dimensional resource dynamic allocation device for reducing uplink transmission time delay of a TD-LTE/TD-LTE-A system, and belongs to the field of wireless resource management research in a mobile communication system.
Background
At present, LTE can provide a downlink rate of up to 100Mbps, and with the development of large-scale MIMO and ultrahigh frequency transmission technologies, an experimental office of 1Gbps has been successfully built, and the theoretical rate is up to 10 Gbps. On the other hand, with the great improvement of the hardware performance of the mobile phone and the explosive increase of the application program, the user demand is developed from a single voice service into a series of services such as voice, streaming media, web browsing, online games and the like, which are integrated. The services also show the characteristics of multiple types, high time delay requirement, large rate change range and strong burstiness, so that a more efficient and flexible resource management method is needed.
The traditional resource management is mainly realized by combining methods such as admission control, power control, switching control, radio resource scheduling and allocation. The wireless resource scheduling and allocating algorithm mainly comprises a sequential scheduling and allocating method and a resource scheduling and allocating algorithm considering independent factors such as channel quality, transmission data packet size, HoL waiting time, user fairness and the like. The algorithms are optimally designed aiming at the use of the limited wireless resources of the mobile communication system, and the performance of the system is improved to a certain extent. In the future, mobile communication systems will provide more services, and radio resources will also exhibit multidimensional characteristics of time domain, frequency domain, code domain and space domain. Therefore, the allocation of radio resources with a single consideration is not sufficient, and considering only one performance aspect tends to cause the other performance aspects to deteriorate. Therefore, under the condition of carrying multiple services, the allocation algorithm of the radio resources should be designed from the multi-dimensional perspective so as to make the most of the radio resources reasonably and fully utilized and improve the performance of the system without increasing extra investment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to research a three-dimensional resource dynamic allocation method for reducing uplink transmission time delay of a TD-LTE/TD-LTE-A system, combines uplink time domain, frequency domain and space domain three-dimensional resources for practical engineering application, provides a method and a device capable of reducing transmission time delay and resource block allocation complexity of a mobile communication system, and can simply and quickly realize uplink three-dimensional resource allocation under a multi-user multi-service scene.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a three-dimensional resource dynamic allocation method for reducing uplink transmission time delay of a TD-LTE/TD-LTE-A system is characterized in that the following steps are repeated in each operation period:
the first step is as follows: set users to omegaUE＝{UE1,UE2,…,UEi,…,UENGrouping services contained in N according to different performance requirements, and establishing a service grouping table;
the second step is that: according to the long-term delay and the long-term rate of the service group j belonging to the user i and the delay gate of the service group jLimiting the rate requirement value of the service packet j, and calculating the resource occupation priority parameter PRI of the service packet j belonging to the user ii,j(t)；
The third step: calculating the scheduling priority T of the time domain according to the maximum rate and the long-term rate of the user i at the time T, the cache size of the data volume to be sent and the priority parameteri(T) and performing time domain scheduling (TDPS) for the users according to the TiAnd (t) scheduling the users in sequence in a descending order until the system stops scheduling when no resources are available.
The fourth step: according to the maximum rate, long-term rate and T which can be achieved by the user i on the resource block mi(t) calculating the scheduling priority F of the frequency domaini,mAnd allocating Resource Blocks (RBs) to the users to be scheduled determined in the TDPS according to the resource blocks, and selecting F in the unallocated RB set and the unallocated user seti,mMaximum RB-UE Pair { RBx,UEy}, RB will bexTo a UEyAnd with RBxExpanding towards two sides for the center, and allocating adjacent unallocated RBs to UEyUntil the resource blocks on the left side and the right side can not be expanded or the number of the distributed RBs is larger than or equal to the number of the RBs required by the user;
the fifth step: selecting a transmission mode of space domain resources according to the channel quality when the signal to noise ratio SINR is larger than the SINR0When selecting to use space multiplexing to transmit data, otherwise, selecting to use space diversity to transmit data, wherein, SINR0A threshold value for selecting a transmission mode;
and a sixth step: after the relevant calculation of time domain, frequency domain and space domain three-dimensional resource allocation is finished, generating a three-dimensional resource mapping table, wherein the three-dimensional resource mapping table comprises a user list for acquiring scheduling qualification, a corresponding relation list of users and resource blocks and a transmission form of MIMO; the system carries out table look-up operation on the mapping table and carries out rapid resource allocation according to data in the table;
the process of scheduling and RB allocation is to repeat the above first to sixth steps at multiples of the transmission time interval.
In the first step according to
[ rule 1]
The services comprised by the users are grouped, wherein,is the delay threshold for the traffic packet j,the rate requirement value for traffic packet j.
In the second step according to
[ rule 2]
[ rule 3]
Calculating resource occupation priority parameter PRI of service of user i belonging to service group ji,j(t) wherein Di,j(t) and Ri,j(t) long-term delay and long-term rate of traffic belonging to traffic packet j for user i, α is a sliding window constant, 0 < α < 1,the method is a correction value introduced for avoiding packet loss caused by that resources are not distributed when the maximum time delay of the service is reached.
In the third step according to
[ rule 5]
Calculating scheduling priority T of time domaini(t) wherein ri(t) is the maximum rate that user i can reach at time t, Ri(t) is the long-term rate of user i at time t, and the calculation method is the same as [ rule 3 ]]，Qi(t) the buffer size of the amount of data to be sent reported by user i through the buffer status report,the resource occupancy priority parameter for user i.
In the fourth step according to
[ rule 6]
Calculating the scheduling priority F of the frequency domaini,mWherein r isi,m(t) and Ri,m(t) the maximum data transmission rate and long-term rate that can be achieved on RB m when RB m is allocated to user i, respectively; according to
[ rule 7]
Calculating the number of RBs required by the user, wherein QiAnd (t) the buffer size of the data volume to be sent reported by the user i through the buffer status report, and M is the total number of all resource blocks in the system.
In the fourth step with RBxExpanding towards two sides for the center, and allocating adjacent unallocated RBs to UEyThe following rules are adopted: when [ rule 8 ] is satisfied]Time to RBx+1To a UEyWhen [ rule 9 ] is satisfied]Time to RBx-1To a UEy，
[ rule 8]
[ rule 9]
Wherein, Fy,x-1For the UEyFrequency domain scheduling priority value when occupying resource block x-1, Fy,x+1For the UEyAnd the frequency domain scheduling priority value when the resource block x +1 is occupied.
The three-dimensional resource dynamic allocation device for reducing the uplink transmission time delay of the TD-LTE/TD-LTE-A system comprises:
a to-be-scheduled user queue module;
the parameter input module is used for receiving the user queue to be scheduled output by the user queue to be scheduled module, setting the performance requirement parameters of each user to be scheduled, and outputting the user queue to be scheduled with the performance requirement parameters, wherein the performance requirement parameters comprise the maximum time delay and rate requirements of the users;
the scheduler module is used for sequentially performing time domain resource allocation, frequency domain resource allocation and space domain resource allocation on the user queue to be scheduled with the performance requirement parameters;
the three-dimensional resource mapping table module is used for generating a three-dimensional resource mapping table by combining the user queue to be scheduled and the distribution result of the scheduler module, and the mapping table comprises a user list for obtaining scheduling qualification in time domain scheduling, a corresponding relation list of users and resource blocks and a transmission form of MIMO;
the scheduler module comprises:
the time domain resource distributor unit is used for grouping the services of the users according to different time delay and rate requirements, calculating resource occupation priority parameters and time domain scheduling priorities of the services of the users, performing time domain scheduling on the users according to the resource occupation priority parameters and the time domain scheduling priorities, and outputting a user list with scheduling qualification;
a frequency domain resource allocator unit for calculating a scheduling priority F of the frequency domaini,mAnd accordingly to the time domain dataAllocating frequency domain resource RB by the user with scheduling qualification output by the source allocator;
and the space domain resource distributor unit is used for selecting a transmission mode of space domain resources according to the channel quality, selecting to use space multiplexing to transmit data when the signal-to-noise ratio is greater than a set threshold value, and otherwise, selecting to use space diversity to transmit data.
Has the advantages that: according to the three-dimensional resource dynamic allocation method and device for reducing the uplink transmission time delay of the TD-LTE/TD-LTE-A system, services with different time delay and other performance requirements are grouped, users who have services sensitive to time delay and having speed guarantee requirements can obtain higher priority, the users can obtain preferential scheduling in a time domain, and more resource blocks can be obtained in a frequency domain, so that the effectiveness and reliability of user communication are enhanced. Finally, diversity and multiplexing switching is carried out in the airspace according to the channel quality, and the utilization rate of resources is further improved. The algorithm mainly works by calculating the resource occupation priority of the user in the time domain, and the frequency domain uses the allocation method of expanding resource blocks to two sides and considers the transmission form of space domain resources, so that the complexity is low in the actual system operation process, and the allocation of system resources has high efficiency.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a three-dimensional resource dynamic allocation method for reducing uplink transmission delay of a TD-LTE/TD-LTE-a system.
Fig. 2 is a diagram of an implementation apparatus of a three-dimensional resource dynamic allocation method for reducing uplink transmission delay of a TD-LTE/TD-LTE-a system.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of resource block allocation of a three-dimensional resource dynamic allocation method for reducing uplink transmission delay of a TD-LTE/TD-LTE-a system.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described with reference to the following specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative only and not to be limiting of the scope of the invention, as various equivalent modifications of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art after reading the present invention and fall within the scope of the appended claims.
In the present embodiment, a system bandwidth of 20M is adopted, and the number of available resource blocks is 100. Each TTI contains two 0.5ms slots, each slot contains 7 OFDM symbols, and 10 TTIs constitute one radio frame length. The system specific parameters are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 System parameters
| Parameter(s) | Parameter value |
| Bandwidth of | 20MHz |
| Number of subcarriers | 100 |
| Time slot length | 0.5ms |
| eNodeB radius | 1km |
| Transmitting antenna × receiving antenna | 2×2 |
| Mobile model | Random Walk |
| Multipath model | Jakes model |
| Shadow fading model | Logarithmic model |
| Path loss model | L＝128.1+37.6log10d |
| Speed of movement of user | 3km/h |
As shown in fig. 1, a three-dimensional resource dynamic allocation method for reducing uplink transmission delay of a TD-LTE/TD-LTE-a system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following specific implementation steps:
the first step is as follows: set users to omegaUE＝{UE1,UE2,…,UEi,…,UENServices contained in N are grouped according to different performance requirements, and a service grouping table is established. The grouping criteria are:
[ rule 1]
Wherein,is the delay threshold for the traffic packet j,the rate requirement value for traffic packet j. The grouping situation is as in table 2.
TABLE 2 Rate budget and maximum Transmission delay values for traffic
| Type of service | Rate budget (kbps) | Maximum transmission delay (ms) |
| VoIP | 10(G.729 coding scheme) | 50 |
| Video | 200 | 100 |
| HTTP | 100 | 300 |
| FTP | 50 | 300 |
The second step is that: according to
[ rule 2]
Calculating resource occupation priority parameter PRI of service of user i belonging to service group ji,j(t) of (d). Wherein D isi,j(t) and Ri,j(t) long periods of traffic belonging to traffic packet j for user i respectivelyTime delay and long-term rate. Di,j(t) and Ri,j(t) according to
[ rule 3]
This is an exponentially decreasing weighted moving average, with the weighted influence of each value decreasing exponentially over time, the degree of weighting being determined by a constant sliding window α (0 < α < 1), typically α being 0.5.Is a correction value introduced to avoid packet loss caused by that the service is not allocated with resources when the maximum time delay is reached,according to
[ rule 4]
And (6) obtaining. Wherein,is a threshold value of the time delay amount.
The third step: performing time domain scheduling (TDPS) on users according to the resource occupation priority, wherein the scheduling priority T of the time domaini(t) according to
[ rule 5]
And (6) calculating. Wherein r isi(t) is the maximum rate that user i can reach at time t, which can be found according to the Shannon formula, Ri(t) is the long-term rate of user i at time t, and the calculation method is the same as [ rule 3 ]]，Qi(t) buffer of data volume to be sent reported by user i via Buffer Status Report (BSR)The storage size is set according to the size of the product,the resource occupancy priority parameter for user i. According to TiAnd (t) scheduling the users in sequence in a descending order until the system stops scheduling when no resources are available.
The fourth step: the frequency domain scheduling (FDPS) procedure allocates Resource Blocks (RBs) to the users to be scheduled determined in the TDPS. According to
[ rule 6]
Calculating the scheduling priority F of the frequency domaini,m. Wherein r isi,m(t) and Ri,m(t) when RB m is allocated to user i, the maximum data transmission rate and long-term rate that can be achieved on RB m are calculated in the same way as ri(t) and Ri(t) of (d). According to
[ rule 7]
And calculating the number of RBs required by the user i. All resource blocks RB in the system constitute RB set omegaRB＝{RB1,RB2,…,RBm,…,RBM1, …, M, initially, unallocated RB setUnallocated user setAccording to [ rule 6 ]]As shown in FIG. 3, inAndmiddle selection Fi,mMaximum RB-UE Pair { RBx,UEyX is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to M, y is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N, and RBxTo a UEyAnd updateAndto be allocated to the UEyResource block RB ofxIs centered atExpanding resource blocks to two sides in the interior, and considering the resource block RB at the left sidex-1And right resource block RBx+1Satisfies the following rule
[ rule 8]
And RBx+1Not allocated, then RB will bex+1To a UEyAnd updateFor Fy,x-1＞Fy,x+1The same applies to the case of (1). [ rule 8]Middle Fy,x-1For the UEyFrequency domain scheduling priority value when occupying resource block x-1, Fy,x+1For the UEyFrequency domain scheduling priority value max (F) when resource block x +1 is occupiedi,x+1)＝Fy,x+1Is shown in RBx+1For all UEsi，UEyThere is a maximum frequency domain scheduling priority value. This process is repeated until RB as in FIG. 3x-9And RBx+7When the resource blocks are not expandable, or the number of the distributed RB is more than or equal to ni,RBThen the fourth step is repeated for the resource allocation of the next user, as shown in FIG. 3 at RBx+12To proceed to UEzIs finally allocated to the UEyResource block of [ RB ]x-8，RBx+6]. If it is notAnd if the resource block is empty, the allocation process of the resource block is ended.
Fifthly, after the RB allocation is finished, the user uses the allocated RB to transmit on the MIMO channel of 2 × 2, when the channel quality is better, namely SINR > SINR0When the data is transmitted, the spatial multiplexing is used, so that the data transmission rate is improved; otherwise, the data is transmitted by using space diversity, and the reliability of data transmission is improved. Wherein, the SINR0The threshold for selecting the transmission mode may be set to 10 dB.
And a sixth step: and after the correlation calculation of the time domain, the frequency domain and the space domain three-dimensional resource allocation is finished, generating a three-dimensional resource mapping table. The table includes a list of users (time domain) that are eligible for scheduling, a list of correspondence between users and resource blocks (frequency domain), and a transmission format of MIMO (spatial domain). The system carries out table look-up operation on the mapping table and carries out rapid resource allocation according to data in the table.
Each scheduling and RB allocation process repeats the first to sixth steps at multiples of a Transmission Time Interval (TTI) (e.g., K × TTI (K is 1, 2.. K), where K is an upper bound of K).
As shown in fig. 2, the three-dimensional resource dynamic allocation apparatus for reducing uplink transmission delay of a TD-LTE/TD-LTE-a system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a to-be-scheduled user queue module, a parameter input module, a scheduler module and a three-dimensional resource mapping table module, where the scheduler module includes a time domain resource allocator unit, a frequency domain resource allocator unit and a space domain resource allocator unit.
The parameter input module receives the user queue to be scheduled output by the user queue to be scheduled module, sets performance requirement parameters (including user maximum time delay, rate requirement and the like) of each user to be scheduled, and outputs the user queue to be scheduled with the performance requirement parameters to the scheduler module; the scheduler module carries out time domain resource allocation, frequency domain resource allocation and space domain resource allocation in sequence on the user queue to be scheduled with the performance requirement parameters, and outputs the scheduling result to the three-dimensional resource mapping table module to generate a three-dimensional resource mapping table, wherein the three-dimensional resource mapping table comprises a user list for obtaining scheduling qualification in time domain scheduling, a corresponding relation list of users and resource blocks and a transmission form of MIMO. The system carries out table look-up operation on the generated mapping table and carries out rapid resource allocation according to data in the table.
The time domain resource distributor unit of the scheduler module is used for grouping the services of the users according to different time delay and rate requirements, calculating the resource occupation priority parameter of the services of the users and the scheduling priority of the time domain, performing time domain scheduling on the users according to the resource occupation priority parameter and the scheduling priority of the time domain, and outputting a user list with scheduling qualification; the frequency domain resource distributor unit is used for calculating the scheduling priority of the frequency domain and distributing the frequency domain resource RB to the users with scheduling qualification output by the time domain resource distributor; and the spatial domain resource distributor unit is used for selecting a transmission mode of spatial domain resources according to the channel quality, selecting to use spatial multiplexing to transmit data when the signal-to-noise ratio is greater than a set threshold value, and otherwise, selecting to use spatial diversity to transmit data.
The invention can achieve the purpose of preferentially distributing resources to users with better channel quality, higher time delay requirement and higher speed requirement. On the basis of ensuring the requirement of the service rate, the uplink transmission time delay of the system is reduced. In order to meet the requirement that uplink resource blocks must be continuous, a simplified method of expanding from the best quality RB to two sides is adopted in RB allocation. The invention has the characteristics of reducing the complexity of a resource allocation algorithm, enhancing the transmission reliability of wireless signals and reducing the packet loss rate.
Claims (2)
1. A three-dimensional resource dynamic allocation method for reducing uplink transmission time delay of a TD-LTE/TD-LTE-A system is characterized by comprising the following steps in each operation period:
the first step is as follows: set users to omegaUE＝{UE1,UE2,…,UEi,…,UENGrouping services contained in N according to different time delay and rate requirements, and establishing a service grouping table;
the second step is that: according to the long-term time delay D of the service group j belonging to the user ii,j(t)＝(1-α)Di,j(t-1)+αDi,j(t) and Long term Rate Ri,j(t)＝(1-α)Ri,j(t-1)+αRi,j(t), and delay threshold of traffic packet jAnd rate requirement value of service packet jCalculating resource occupation priority parameter of service of user i belonging to service group j Is a correction value introduced to avoid packet loss caused by that the service is not allocated with resources when the maximum time delay is reached,wherein α is a sliding window constant, 0 < α < 1,a threshold value of the time delay amount; the third step: according to the maximum speed r of the user i at the moment ti(t), Long term Rate Ri(t) buffer size Q of data volume to be senti(t) and resource occupancy priority parameterCalculating scheduling priority of time domainAnd performs time domain scheduling (TDPS) for the users according to the Ti(t) scheduling the users in sequence in a descending order until the system stops scheduling when no resources are available;
the fourth step: according to user i in resource blockmaximum rate r achievable over mi,m(t), Long term Rate Ri,m(T) and Ti(t) calculating scheduling priority of frequency domainAccording to ri,m(t) buffer size Q of data volume to be sent reported by user i through buffer status reporti(t), the total number M of all resource blocks in the system calculates the number of Resource Blocks (RB) required by the user iAnd accordingly, allocating resource blocks to the users to be scheduled determined in the TDPS, and selecting F in the unallocated RB set and the unallocated user seti,mMaximum RB-UE Pair { RBx,UEy}, RB will bexTo a UEyAnd with RBxExpanding towards two sides for the center, and allocating adjacent unallocated RBs to UEyUntil the resource blocks on the left side and the right side can not be expanded or the number of the distributed RBs is larger than or equal to the number of the RBs required by the user; wherein with RBxExpanding towards two sides for the center, and allocating adjacent unallocated RBs to UEyThe following rules are adopted: when it is satisfied withTime to RBx+1To a UEyWhen it is satisfiedTime to RBx-1To a UEyWherein F isy,x-1For the UEyFrequency domain scheduling priority value when occupying resource block x-1, Fy,x+1For the UEyThe frequency domain scheduling priority value when occupying a resource block x + 1;
the fifth step: selecting a transmission mode of space domain resources according to the channel quality when the signal to noise ratio SINR is larger than the SINR0When selecting to use space multiplexing to transmit data, otherwise, selecting to use space diversity to transmit data, wherein, SINR0To select a transmission sideA threshold value of formula (la);
and a sixth step: after the relevant calculation of time domain, frequency domain and space domain three-dimensional resource allocation is finished, generating a three-dimensional resource mapping table, wherein the three-dimensional resource mapping table comprises a user list for acquiring scheduling qualification, a corresponding relation list of users and resource blocks and a transmission form of MIMO; the system carries out table look-up operation on the mapping table and carries out rapid resource allocation according to data in the table; the process of scheduling and RB allocation is to repeat the above first to sixth steps at multiples of the transmission time interval.
2. The three-dimensional resource dynamic allocation device for reducing the uplink transmission delay of the TD-LTE/TD-LTE-a system, which adopts the three-dimensional resource dynamic allocation method for reducing the uplink transmission delay of the TD-LTE/TD-LTE-a system according to claim 1, comprises:
a queue module of the users to be scheduled,
the parameter input module is used for receiving the user queue to be scheduled output by the user queue to be scheduled module, setting the performance requirement parameters of each user to be scheduled, and outputting the user queue to be scheduled with the performance requirement parameters, wherein the performance requirement parameters comprise the maximum time delay and rate requirements of the users;
the scheduler module is used for sequentially performing time domain resource allocation, frequency domain resource allocation and space domain resource allocation on the user queue to be scheduled with the performance requirement parameters;
the three-dimensional resource mapping table module is used for generating a three-dimensional resource mapping table by combining the user queue to be scheduled and the distribution result of the scheduler module, and the mapping table comprises a user list for obtaining scheduling qualification in time domain scheduling, a corresponding relation list of users and resource blocks and a transmission form of MIMO;
the scheduler module comprises:
the time domain resource distributor unit is used for grouping the services of the users according to different time delay and rate requirements, calculating resource occupation priority parameters and time domain scheduling priorities of the services of the users, performing time domain scheduling on the users according to the resource occupation priority parameters and the time domain scheduling priorities, and outputting a user list with scheduling qualification;
the frequency domain resource distributor unit is used for calculating the scheduling priority of the frequency domain and distributing the frequency domain resource RB to the users with scheduling qualification output by the time domain resource distributor;
and the space domain resource distributor unit is used for selecting a transmission mode of space domain resources according to the channel quality, selecting to use space multiplexing to transmit data when the signal-to-noise ratio is greater than a set threshold value, and otherwise, selecting to use space diversity to transmit data.
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