CN104502703B - Electric power signal synchronous phasor measuring method based on Domain Dynamic model - Google Patents
Electric power signal synchronous phasor measuring method based on Domain Dynamic model Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses the electric power signal synchronous phasor measuring method based on Domain Dynamic model, its step is, the voltage or current signal for the power network that collection voltages transformer or current transformer are measured, obtain the electric power signal discrete series x (n) of power network, adding window Fourier transformation is carried out to electric power signal discrete series x (n) again, 2L+1 phasor measurement for obtaining offseting 50Hz fundamental wave ω radians estimates evaluation X (ω)；Phasor measurement is synchronized with the dynamic model based on frequency domain again and obtains the correction value that phasor estimates evaluation, by phase shift operation, that is, current time t is obtainedrepThe phasor value of the electric power signal of power network
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to synchronous phasor measuring method in power system.
Background technology
With the development that the global power marketization and Grid are interconnected, the running environment of power network is increasingly complicated, its safety
Stable operation problem becomes increasingly conspicuous, the dynamic safety monitored control ability in the urgent need to improving power network.In recent years, WAMS
(Wide Area Measurement System, WAMS), as a kind of new power network dynamic monitoring system, is effective power network
Dynamic safety monitored control provides new technological means.Data acquisition and processing (DAP) mode in WAMS requires the processing to gathered data
Result is the phasor data with precise time label.Accordingly, it is capable to the time of synchronous acquisition electric power signal, the synchronous phase of phase and amplitude
Measurement technique is basis and the core for realizing WAMS.And the core of synchronized phasor measurement technology is setting for phase amount estimation method
Meter, the estimated accuracy of method of estimation will directly influence WAMS application effect.
Discrete Fourier transform (Discrete Fourier Transform, DFT) algorithm has good harmonics restraint
Characteristic and rapid computations characteristic, in a static condition with better application value, have been widely applied in synchronous phasor measurement.
, there is amplitude and frequency error in the case of non-synchronous sampling in existing DFT algorithms, and as its is asynchronous
Enhancing, error increased dramatically, and often not reach the requirement of practical application.When system frequency be with system configuration parameter and
State change and when changing, it is impossible to ensure that sampling system is always maintained at synchronized sampling to measured signal.For the sine that frequency is f
Sequence, its frequency spectrum should be to have discrete spectrum at f.But, asking its frequency spectrum to truncate using DFT, as a result making letter
Number frequency spectrum be more than having discrete spectrum at f, but have spectral line appearance in the frequency band range centered on f, they can be with
It is not understood as what is leaked out from f frequencies；Meanwhile, a function is carried out and sampled, is to extract the respective function on sampled point
Value.Its effect only falls a small number of scenes before gap and is seen as the gap viewing outdoor scene through fence, remaining
Scene is blocked by fence and is considered as zero, and this phenomenon is considered as fence effect.
Caused spectral leakage and barrage may be such that DFT algorithms when therefore carrying out phasor measurement using DFT
Larger error is produced, or even obtains a disabled result.And work as power network to be in dynamic process, the frequency of electric power signal
And amplitude changes over time, incomplete expression of the algorithm to signal dynamics characteristic may also can increase the generation of DFT algorithms
Error.DFT algorithms can synchronize phasor measurement under certain condition and scope, but have some limitations, and phasor
The degree of accuracy of measurement directly influences WAMS application effect.Synchronous phasor measurement is inaccurate most to cause the dynamic peace of power network at last
Full monitoring capacity reduction, influences the safe and stable operation of power network.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of electric power signal synchronous phasor measuring method based on Domain Dynamic model, the party
Method can more accurately realize the synchronous phasor measurement of electric power signal under the dynamic conditions such as low-frequency oscillation, frequency shift (FS).
The present invention for solve its technical problem, the technical scheme used for：Electric power signal based on Domain Dynamic model
Synchronous phasor measuring method, its step is：
A, data acquisition and pre-estimation are handled
Voltage transformer or current transformer in power network measure the voltage or current signal of power network, collection voltages or electric current
Signal obtains the electric power signal discrete series x (n) of power network, and wherein n is sampling instant；Digital signal processor to electric power signal from
Dissipate sequence x (n) and carry out adding window Fourier transformation, 2L+1 phasor measurement for obtaining offseting 50Hz fundamental wave ω radians estimates evaluation X
(ω), wherein ω=l Δs ω, l=0, ± 1, ± 2 ..., ± L, Δ ω are poor for the radian that adjacent phasor estimates evaluation；
B, amendment phasor estimate evaluation
Digital signal processor estimates evaluation X (ω) to 2L+1 obtained phasor measurement, with the dynamic analog based on frequency domain
Type synchronizes phasor measurement and obtains the correction value that phasor estimates evaluation, then by phase shift operation, that is, obtains current time trep
The phasor value of the electric power signal of power network
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
The present invention carries out adding window Fourier transformation to electric power signal discrete series first, utilizes the phasor at different angle radians
Component obtains phasor measurement and estimates evaluation；Using low frequency band-limited signal phasor and Taylor series reasonable representation Dynamic Signal model,
The all-order derivative that evaluation tries to achieve low frequency band-limited signal phasor is estimated using phasor measurement；Phase shift operation is finally carried out, phasor is corrected
Estimated result, obtains the accurate phasor value at revised current time, more accurately realizes the synchro measure of phasor.
Further, the dynamic model based on frequency domain is set up using the following method in step B of the invention：
(B1) digital signal processor Taylor series approximation represents that low-frequency band limits phasor a (t), Wherein, t is current time trepWith reference instant tmDifference, reference instant
tmFor the data window central instant of adding window Fourier transformation, a(k)Phasor a (t) k order derivatives are limited for low-frequency band, △ is Taylor's level
Several errors, K=2L is the highest order of Taylor series；
(B2) low-frequency band for walking B1 limits phasor a (t) and constant rotating phasorIt is multiplied, obtains electric power signal
Phasor X (t) modelIts real part is Electrical Power System Dynamic signal x (t) model x,
(t),Wherein, e is the bottom of natural logrithm, and j is imaginary unit, f0=50 be signal
Fundamental frequency, Re represents to take phasor real part；
Then utilize Euler's formula, to Electrical Power System Dynamic signal x (t) carry out sliding-model control, obtain electric power signal from
Dissipate the mathematical modeling x of sequence x (n) Taylor series form, (n)：
Wherein, ω0=2 π f0/fs, ω0For sampling angular frequency, fsFor sample frequency；α(k)For a(k)Discretized values,
(B3) by electric power signal discrete series x (n) mathematical modeling x, (n) carries out adding window Fourier transformation, utilizes skew
The component of 50Hz fundamental wave ω radians, 2L+1 phasor measurement for obtaining skew 50Hz fundamental wave ω radians estimates evaluation X (ω) number
Learn model X ' (ω)：
Wherein, N is the data amount check in the data window of adding window Fourier transformation.
Further, synchronize phasor measurement with the dynamic model based on frequency domain in step B of the invention and obtain phasor
The specific method for estimating the correction value of evaluation is：
(B4) the 2L+1 phasor estimate X (ω) obtained in step A is substituted into and mutually measured by digital signal processor respectively
Amount is estimated in evaluation X (ω) mathematical modeling X ' (ω), obtains 2L+1 α containing unknown quantity(k)Equation, by these equations simultaneousnesses
Constitute equation group；Calculate α all-order derivative α(k), andLow-frequency band limit phasor a (t) is calculated in reference instant
tmAll-order derivative value a(k)(tm)；
Further, the specific method of phase shift operation is in step B of the invention：
(B5) current time trepObtained by digital signal processor from gps system, by current time trepDuring with benchmark
Between tmPoor t substitute into B2 steps in power system electric power signal phasor X (t) model X ' (t), while B4 is walked into obtained benchmark
Moment tmA (t) all-order derivative a(k)(tm), substitute into B2 steps in power system electric power signal phasor X (t) model X ' (t),
Obtain current time trepThe phasor value of the electric power signal of power network
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment
The present invention a kind of embodiment be, the electric power signal synchronous phasor measurement side based on Domain Dynamic model
Method, its step is：
A, data acquisition and pre-estimation are handled
Voltage transformer or current transformer in power network measure the voltage or current signal of power network, collection voltages or electric current
Signal obtains the electric power signal discrete series x (n) of power network, and wherein n is sampling instant；Digital signal processor to electric power signal from
Dissipate sequence x (n) and carry out adding window Fourier transformation, 2L+1 phasor measurement for obtaining offseting 50Hz fundamental wave ω radians estimates evaluation X
(ω), wherein ω=l Δs ω, l=0, ± 1, ± 2 ..., ± L, Δ ω are poor for the radian that adjacent phasor estimates evaluation；
B, amendment phasor estimate evaluation
Digital signal processor estimates evaluation X (ω) to 2L+1 obtained phasor measurement, with the dynamic analog based on frequency domain
Type synchronizes phasor measurement and obtains the correction value that phasor estimates evaluation, then by phase shift operation, that is, obtains current time trepElectricity
The phasor value of the electric power signal of net
The dynamic model based on frequency domain is set up using the following method in the step B of this example：
(B1) digital signal processor Taylor series approximation represents that low-frequency band limits phasor a (t),Wherein, t is current time trepWith reference instant tmDifference, reference instant
tmFor data window central instant (the i.e. current time t of adding window Fourier transformationrepSubtract half data window time span when
Carve), a(k)Phasor a (t) k order derivatives are limited for low-frequency band, △ is the error of Taylor series, and K=2L is the most high-order of Taylor series
It is secondary；
(B2) low-frequency band for walking B1 limits phasor a (t) and constant rotating phasorIt is multiplied, obtains electric power signal
Phasor X (t) model X ' (t),Its real part is Electrical Power System Dynamic signal x (t) model x,
(t),Wherein, e is the bottom of natural logrithm, and j is imaginary unit, f0=50 be the base of signal
Wave frequency rate, Re represents to take phasor real part；
Then Euler's formula is utilized, sliding-model control is carried out to Electrical Power System Dynamic signal x (t), electric power signal is obtained discrete
The mathematical modeling x of sequence x (n) Taylor series form, (n)：Its
In, ω0=2 π f0/fs, ω0For sampling angular frequency, fsFor sample frequency；α(k)For a(k)Discretized values,
(B3) by electric power signal discrete series x (n) mathematical modeling x, (n) carries out adding window Fourier transformation, utilizes skew
The component of 50Hz fundamental wave ω radians, 2L+1 phasor measurement for obtaining skew 50Hz fundamental wave ω radians estimates evaluation X (ω) number
Learn model X ' (ω)：
Wherein, N is the data amount check in the data window of adding window Fourier transformation.
With the dynamic model based on frequency domain phasor measurement is synchronized in the step B of this example obtain phasor estimate repairing for evaluation
On the occasion of specific method be：
(B4) the 2L+1 phasor estimate X (ω) obtained in step A is substituted into phasor measurement respectively and estimates evaluation X (ω)
Mathematical modeling X ' (ω) in, obtain 2L+1 α containing unknown quantity(k)Equation, by these equations simultaneousnesses constitute equation group；Calculate
Go out α all-order derivative α(k), andLow-frequency band limit phasor a (t) is calculated in data window central instant tmEach rank lead
Numerical value a(k)(tm), data window central instant tmAt the time of half of data window time span being subtracted for current time；
The specific method of phase shift operation is in the step B of this example：
(B5) current time trepObtained by digital signal processor from gps system, by current time trepDuring with benchmark
Between tmPoor t substitute into B2 steps in power system electric power signal phasor X (t) model X ' (t), while B4 is walked into obtained benchmark
Moment tmThe a (t) of (i.e. data window central instant) all-order derivative a(k)(tm), substitute into power system electric power signal phase in B2 steps
In the model X ' (t) for measuring X (t), that is, obtain current time trepThe phasor value of the electric power signal of power network
Emulation experiment
For the measurement accuracy of the checking present invention in a dynamic condition, the ideal set up in the case of frequency shift (FS) and low-frequency oscillation
Dynamic Signal model, respectively with inventive algorithm and Fourier algorithm to two kinds of signals in the case of frequency shift (FS) and low-frequency oscillation
Measure, so as to contrast its dynamic property.In emulation, the frequency f of rotation modulation phasor050Hz is taken as, with sample frequency fs=
2.4kHz samples to signal, using rectangular data window and its data amount check is taken as N=48.The inventive method is to a data
Window uses three frequency (48Hz, 50Hz, 52Hz) data, i.e. L=1.Amplitude error and phase angle error are calculated as measurement in emulation
The index of method performance.
A, frequency offset signals emulation
Signal model in the case of frequency shift (FS) is represented using the ramp signal of frequency linearity change in emulation, the oblique wave
Signal frequency and low-frequency band limit phasor a (t) mathematic(al) representation be：
In formula, R is the speed that frequency changes.It is 2Hz/s to take R, oblique to this with Fourier methods and the inventive method
Ripple signal carries out phasor measurement.The amplitude error maximum obtained using Fourier methods is 0.0057, and uses present invention side
The order of magnitude for the amplitude error maximum that method is obtained is 10-5, can be neglected；For phase angle error, obtained using Fourier methods
The maximum arrived is 0.35, and the maximum obtained using the inventive method only has 0.002.It follows that when signal frequency hair
During raw skew, compared to Fourier methods, the inventive method possesses more preferable dynamic property, and measurement accuracy is higher.
B, oscillating signal emulation
Low-frequency oscillation is a kind of common form in dynamic process of electrical power system, voltage, current signal when representing to vibrate
Low-frequency band limit phasor mathematic(al) representation be：
A (t)=cos (2 π ftfpo)+0.5i
F in formulapoFor frequency of power oscillation.Take fpo=2Hz, with Fourier methods and the inventive method to the power
Signal under vibration carries out phasor measurement.The amplitude error and phase angle error maximum obtained using Fourier methods be respectively
0.02 and 2.28；And the two kinds of index maximums obtained using the inventive method are respectively 0.0001 and 0.008, it can be neglected.
It follows that when low-frequency oscillation occurs for power system, compared to Fourier methods, the inventive method is realized to Dynamic Signal
The higher measurement of precision.
The inventive method and Fourier methods measuring result error are as shown in the table.It can be seen that this method is under current intelligence
Signal fundamental phasors realize the higher measurement of precision.
Fourier and calculation method estimated result comparison sheet of the present invention
。
Claims (1)
1. the electric power signal synchronous phasor measuring method based on Domain Dynamic model, its step is：
A, data acquisition and pre-estimation are handled
Voltage transformer or current transformer in power network measure the voltage or current signal of power network, collection voltages or current signal
The electric power signal discrete series x (n) of power network is obtained, wherein n is sampling instant；Digital signal processor is to the discrete sequence of electric power signal
Arrange x (n) and carry out adding window Fourier transformation, 2L+1 phasor measurement for obtaining offseting 50Hz fundamental wave ω radians estimates evaluation X (ω),
Wherein ω=l Δs ω, l=0, ± 1, ± 2 ..., ± L, Δ ω are poor for the radian that adjacent phasor measurement estimates evaluation；
B, amendment phasor measurement estimate evaluation
Digital signal processor estimates evaluation X (ω) to 2L+1 obtained phasor measurement, is entered with the dynamic model based on frequency domain
Row synchronous phasor measurement obtains the correction value that phasor measurement estimates evaluation, then by phase shift operation, that is, obtains current time trepElectricity
The phasor value of the electric power signal of net
The described dynamic model based on frequency domain is set up using the following method：
(B1) digital signal processor Taylor series approximation represents that low-frequency band limits phasor a (t), Wherein, t is current time trepWith reference instant tmDifference, reference instant tmBecome for adding window Fourier
The data window central instant changed, a(k)Phasor a (t) k order derivatives are limited for low-frequency band, Δ is the error of Taylor series, and K=2L is
The highest order of Taylor series；
(B2) low-frequency band for walking B1 limits phasor a (t) and constant rotating phasorIt is multiplied, obtains electric power signal phasor X
(t) model X '(t),Its real part is Electrical Power System Dynamic signal x (t) model x ' (t),Wherein, e is the bottom of natural logrithm, and j is imaginary unit, f0=50Hz is the fundamental wave of signal
Frequency, Re represents to take phasor real part；
Then Euler's formula is utilized, sliding-model control is carried out to Electrical Power System Dynamic signal x (t), the discrete sequence of electric power signal is obtained
Arrange the mathematical modeling x ' (n) of x (n) Taylor series form：
Wherein, ω0=2 π f0/fs, ω0For sampling angular frequency, fsFor sample frequency；α(k)For a(k)Discretized values, α(k)=a(k)/fs k；
(B3) electric power signal discrete series x (n) mathematical modeling x ' (n) is subjected to adding window Fourier transformation, using offseting 50Hz
The component of fundamental wave ω radians, 2L+1 phasor measurement for obtaining skew 50Hz fundamental wave ω radians estimates evaluation X (ω) mathematical modulo
Type X ' (ω)：
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Wherein, N is the data amount check in the data window of adding window Fourier transformation.
The described phasor measurement that synchronized with the dynamic model based on frequency domain obtains the correction value that phasor measurement estimates evaluation
Specific method is：
(B4) the 2L+1 phasor measurement obtained in step A is estimated evaluation X (ω) and substitutes into phasor respectively by digital signal processor
Measurement is estimated in evaluation X (ω) mathematical modeling X ' (ω), obtains 2L+1 α containing unknown quantity(k)Equation, these equations are joined
Vertical composition equation group；Calculate α all-order derivative α(k), and α(k)=a(k)/fs k, low-frequency band limit phasor a (t) is calculated in benchmark
Carve tmAll-order derivative value a(k)(tm)；
The specific method of described phase shift operation is：
(B5) current time trepObtained by digital signal processor from gps system, by current time trepWith reference instant tm's
Poor t is substituted into B2 steps in power system electric power signal phasor X (t) model X ' (t), while B4 to be walked to obtained reference instant tm
A (t) all-order derivative a(k)(tm), during substitution B2 is walked in power system electric power signal phasor X (t) model X ' (t), produce
To current time trepThe phasor value of the electric power signal of power network
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| CN106018960B (en) * | 2016-07-13 | 2019-05-03 | 东北电力大学 | A kind of synchronous phasor measuring method based on compression sensing |
| CN106154037B (en) * | 2016-08-11 | 2019-04-02 | 中国南方电网有限责任公司 | A kind of synchronized phasor self-adaptive computing method based on verification |
| CN107589299B (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2019-09-24 | 西南交通大学 | Electric power signal synchronous phasor measuring method based on multi-frequency the measures model |
| CN108776262B (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2021-07-30 | 西南交通大学 | Power system frequency measurement method considering out-of-band interference |
| CN109444537B (en) * | 2018-10-18 | 2020-06-19 | 西南交通大学 | Self-adaptive synchronous phasor measurement method considering out-of-band interference |
| CN109444539B (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2020-07-07 | 西南交通大学 | Synchronous phasor measurement method based on Clark transformation |
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