CN104502241A - GNSS based haze monitoring and analysis technology - Google Patents
GNSS based haze monitoring and analysis technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN104502241A CN104502241A CN201410213385.XA CN201410213385A CN104502241A CN 104502241 A CN104502241 A CN 104502241A CN 201410213385 A CN201410213385 A CN 201410213385A CN 104502241 A CN104502241 A CN 104502241A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a GNSS (global navigation satellite system) based haze monitoring and analysis technology. The invention mainly utilizes a modern GNSS satellite technology to monitor the distribution degree of haze and determine the source range of haze. The technology includes: establishing the nonlinear relationship of GNSS satellite technology and the haze value, determining spatial three-dimensional distribution of haze by a chromatographic technique, and narrowing the haze source scope.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to haze monitoring, especially based on the haze supervision and analysis technology of GNSS.
Background technology
Haze weather is a kind of atmospheric pollution state, haze is the general statement to suspended particulate substance content overproof various in air, and especially PM2.5 (equivalent aerodynamic diameter is less than or equal to the particle of 2.5 microns) is considered to " arch-criminal " that cause haze weather.The source of haze is varied, such as vehicle exhaust, industrial discharge, building airborne dust, waste incineration, even volcanic eruption etc., and the normally multiple pollution source immixture of haze weather is formed.But in the haze weather of each department, the effect degree of different pollution source is each variant.
Numerous experts in the United Nations's air environmental protection field study confirmation, ecological negative ion (small particle diameter negative ion) can make an initiative sally and catch granule micronic dust, make it condense and precipitate, effective removing air 2.5 microns (PM2.5) and following micronic dust, the even particulate of 1 micron, thus reduce PM2.5 to the harm of health, the clean-up effect of ecological negative ion to air comes from the bacterium in negative ion and air, dust, the particulate of the positively chargeds such as smog combines, and be polymerized to fall and eliminate PM2.5 harm, coincidentally negative ion does Brownian movement (motion of " it " font) in atmosphere, and the effective ways of minute dusts thing are inherently eliminated in Brownian movement, negative ion eliminates floating dust in conjunction with promoting floating dust Brownian movement after floating dust, experiment proves, floating dust diameter is less, more easily precipitated by negative ion.
How haze is formed for an area, where derive from? many measures are taked in nearest Beijing, but still serious.Key does not know that it is really originated, vehicle exhaust or industrial pollution or population too many?
This technology mainly modern GNSS satellite technology is monitored the distributed degrees of haze and is determined that it carrys out source range, comprise set up GNSS satellite technology and haze value nonlinear relationship, determine to utilize the space three-dimensional of chromatographic technique determination haze to distribute, reduce haze and carry out source range etc.
GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) makes a general reference GLONASS (Global Navigation Satellite System), one or more systems that it comprises in Global Positioning System (GPS)s such as utilizing the GNSS of the U.S., Muscovite GLONASS, the GALILEO of European Union and the COMPASS (Big Dipper) of China carry out navigator fix, and can provide the Completeness information of satellite and enough navigation safety warning information simultaneously.
GPS (Global Position System) (GNSS) brings the revolution of fields of measurement as the appearance of one of navigational satellite system, simultaneously also far-reaching influence to the development of Meteorological Science.Developed rapidly since 20 century 70s occur, be widely used in the every field of the national economy such as science and technology, communication navigation, engineering construction and social disaster mitigation at present.Be applied in atmospheric science by GNSS technology, we not only can obtain high-precision atmospheric parameter, greatly can also improve the spatial and temporal resolution of atmospheric exploration data, reduce detection cost.Because GNSS meteorological sounding technique is still among flourish, the research of developing its detection potentiality, also still in continuation, can be predicted the precision of the meteorological elements such as GNSS atmospheric sounding temperature, steam and wind, investigative range, each index of spatial resolution will be improved further.GNSS aerological sounding system will occupy critical positions in 21 century atmospheric sounding systems.The U.S., Canada, Australia are all using the important component part of GNSS as following aerological sounding system.By research, the measured value of GNSS satellite and the relation of haze value can be found.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention utilizes modern GNSS satellite technology to monitor the distributed degrees of haze and to determine that it carrys out source range, thus make up the deficiency of existing environmental monitoring means on regional space yardstick, for findding out atmospheric pollution source, realize the supervision and management of all kinds of pollution source, reduce discharging control scientific basis is provided, thus serve the formulation etc. of environmental protection, resource rational utilization and environmental legislation, standard, specification; Object is to utilize modern GNSS satellite technology to monitor the distributed degrees of haze and to determine that it carrys out source range, comprise the nonlinear relationship setting up GNSS satellite technology and haze value, determine that the space three-dimensional utilizing chromatographic technique determination haze distributes, reduce and judge that haze carrys out source range etc.
Based on the haze supervision and analysis technology of GNSS, comprise GNSS satellite technology, the technology of GNSS two difference pattern acquiring haze amount; Remove the technology of atmospheric effect impact; Determine the technology of haze plane distribution; Determine the technology of haze three-dimensional spatial distribution; Identify the technology in haze source; Described technical step is as follows:
Step one: utilize the L-band radio wave signal that the two differential mode formula of GNSS is launched to process GNSS satellite;
Step 2: resolved by data, the baseline obtained between each base station sits vector;
Step 3: whether the inspection of GNSS data Disposal quality core is reasonable, if rationally carry out step 4, carry out step one if unreasonable;
Step 4: be used as the impact that reference value removes atmospheric effect for excellent certain day makings amount;
Step 5: the mapping relations setting up GNSS measured value and haze degree, determines haze plane distribution;
Step 6: set up the chromatography model being applicable to haze monitoring;
Step 7: the haze amount utilizing GNSS to obtain and chromatography model are to determine haze three-dimensional spatial distribution;
Step 8: based on step 5 and step 7 and data of many phases, it is originated to utilize sharp neural network or mathematical statistics method effectively to determine.
Further, the two differential mode formula of GNSS is utilized to carry out monitoring analysis haze.
Advantage of the present invention: 1) modern advanced measuring technique and equipment can be utilized, not need to build a station; 2) monitor time space, the time all keeps continuity; 3) haze distributed in three dimensions situation spatially can be obtained; 4) source that can not determine haze is obtained.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 technical scheme process flow diagram.
Embodiment
1 illustrate specific embodiment of the invention scheme with reference to the accompanying drawings: based on the haze supervision and analysis technology of GNSS, comprise GNSS satellite technology, the technology of GNSS two difference pattern acquiring haze amount; Remove the technology of atmospheric effect impact; Determine the technology of haze plane distribution; Determine the technology of haze three-dimensional spatial distribution; Identify the technology in haze source.
Described technical step is as follows:
Step one: the L-band radio wave signal that GNSS satellite is launched, by GNSS two difference mode treatment data;
Step 2: by data verification coordinate vector, observed result;
Step 3: whether the inspection of GNSS data Disposal quality core is reasonable, if rationally carry out step 4, carry out step one if unreasonable;
Step 4: be used as the impact that reference value removes atmospheric effect for excellent certain day makings amount;
Step 5: the mapping relations setting up GNSS measured value and haze degree, determines haze plane distribution;
Step 6: set up the chromatography model being applicable to haze monitoring;
Step 7: the haze amount utilizing GNSS to obtain and chromatography model are to determine haze three-dimensional spatial distribution;
Step 8: based on step 5 and step 7 and data of many phases, it is originated to utilize sharp neural network or mathematical statistics method effectively to determine.
The two differential mode formula of GNSS is utilized to carry out monitoring analysis haze.
Its application of 1 detailed specific description by reference to the accompanying drawings, GNSS satellite technology carries out atmospheric haze supervision and analysis, first set up GNSS research station and gather corresponding data, then two difference data disposal route is utilized to process data and evaluate its quality, finally remove the impact of retained atmosphere effect and set up the mapping relations of haze degree, determining haze plane distribution; In addition on this basis, set up the chromatography model of haze, thus determine haze three-dimensional spatial distribution, and then judge that haze is originated.
GNSS satellite launch L-band radio wave signal through earth atmosphere time, its signal be subject to air, haze refraction and bend, travel path is more elongated than geometric distance, and velocity of propagation is therefore slack-off, and this is called the delay of air to GNSS signal.The delay caused because of frequency dispersion air in atmospheric refraction delay mainly concentrates on the ionosphere of highly about more than 50Km, be commonly referred to " ionosphere delay ", ionosphere delay on GNSS signal path may change between 9 ~ 45m, and this delay is closely related with the frequency of GNSS signal.In Precise Geodetic Survey, the normal double frequency technology that adopts can eliminate its impact, and therefore GNSS meteorological remote sensing preferably adopts dual-frequency receiver effectively can eliminate ionosphere delay.The part caused by the refraction of non ionized atmosphere can be described as " neutral delay ", because this part air mainly concentrates on troposphere, is therefore also often called " tropospheric delay ".For the middle latitude station on a sea level, troposphere refraction delay is approximately about 2.3m at zenith direction, and be approximately 2.5m 85 ° of satellite altitude angular direction, tropospheric delay is relevant with air index, and has nothing to do with frequency.Haze is the general designation of mist and haze, the aerosol systems that mist is made up of the small water droplet be suspended in a large number in surface air or ice crystal, comes across autumn and winter season more, is the product of ground layer water in air vapour condensation.Haze is the aggregate of a large amount of small dusts, soot or the salt grain suspended in an atmosphere, and make air muddy, horizontal visibility is reduced to a kind of weather phenomenon of below 10km.In this technique, utilize correlation technique to eliminate the impact of air, thus haze is analyzed.
At present in high-precision GNSS data handling procedure, the normal accurate valuation adopting non-poor Static Precise Point Positioning PPP (PrecisePoint Positioning) and two difference relative positioning two kinds of data assemblies patterns to obtain various parameter.Theoretical provable PPP separates and two difference net separate these two kinds of mode estimated parameters equivalence, and utilize measured data to demonstrate two kinds to separate the coordinate components that obtains and postpone to there is not systematic divergence, its residual error is within the precision allowed band of reality.Therefore, the method utilizing GNSS to obtain haze delay also can be divided into non-difference and two differential mode formula two kinds.
Compared with obtaining haze related method thereof with conventional two difference relative positionings, based on non-poor accurate one-point positioning method have estimation model simple, stand and stand between uncorrelated, without the need to introduce remote survey station network resolve, can direct solution haze parameter, process the advantages such as large-scale data speed is fast, be applicable to processing GNSS haze observation data real-time or closely in real time.But, current Clock Bias remains the bottleneck that PPP technology is applied in real time, current IGS only has aftertreatment satellite clock correction, along with deepening continuously of IGS real time implementation product, if IGS can provide accurate forecast clock correction future, in conjunction with Internet technology and wireless communication technology, the real-time application of PPP technology will thoroughly break existing GNSS localization method, becomes the high-precision GNSS data processing mode of main flow.Because two poor technology can disappear the impact of clock correction, therefore obtain haze amount and mainly adopt two difference relative positioning technology, can be computational tool with the BERNESE software package of the GAMIT of america's MIT and Bern, SUI university.The distribution of haze three-dimensional space-time is to determining that haze content and source thereof have great importance, method mainly adopts tomoscan chromatographic technique, the method is the integration observed reading utilizing different directions and position in certain survey region, the method of target internal parameter distribution is obtained, as shown in Figure 1 from external non-destructive.
Claims (2)
1. based on the haze supervision and analysis technology of GNSS, it is characterized in that: the technology of GNSS two difference pattern acquiring haze amount; Remove the technology of atmospheric effect impact; Determine the technology of haze plane distribution; Determine the technology of haze three-dimensional spatial distribution; Identify the technology in haze source; Described technical step is as follows:
Step one: utilize the L-band radio wave signal that the two differential mode formula of GNSS is launched to process GNSS satellite;
Step 2: resolved by data, the baseline obtained between each base station sits vector;
Step 3: whether the inspection of GNSS data Disposal quality core is reasonable, if rationally carry out step 4, carry out step one if unreasonable;
Step 4: the data selecting sky quality excellent, as reference, remove the impact of retained atmosphere effect;
Step 5: the mapping relations setting up GNSS measured value and haze degree, determines haze plane distribution;
Step 6: set up the chromatography model being applicable to haze monitoring;
Step 7: the haze amount utilizing GNSS to obtain and chromatography model are to determine haze three-dimensional spatial distribution;
Step 8: based on step 5 and step 7 and data of many phases, utilize sharp neural network or mathematical statistics method to determine that it is originated.
2. the haze supervision and analysis technology based on GNSS according to claim 1, is characterized in that: utilize the two differential mode formula of GNSS to carry out monitoring analysis haze.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN105300851A (en) * | 2015-11-11 | 2016-02-03 | 中国农业大学 | Method for detecting spraying droplet three-dimensional distribution based on laser technology |
| CN111797557A (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2020-10-20 | 西安交通大学 | Sand dust geometric feature extraction and three-dimensional reconstruction method based on image processing |
| CN117055087A (en) * | 2023-10-10 | 2023-11-14 | 中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司 | GNSS real-time positioning and resolving method for haze influence area |
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| CN105300851A (en) * | 2015-11-11 | 2016-02-03 | 中国农业大学 | Method for detecting spraying droplet three-dimensional distribution based on laser technology |
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| CN117055087B (en) * | 2023-10-10 | 2024-01-30 | 中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司 | GNSS real-time positioning and resolving method for haze influence area |
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