CN104500263A - Multi-layer pentagon-type Stirling engine for waste incineration and waste heat recovery - Google Patents

Abstract

A multi-layer pentagonal Stirling engine for recovery of waste heat from waste incineration, including a plurality of identical working modules connected axially, each working module including five circumferentially arranged free pistons Stirling cycle generation The device is heated by a ring-type hot gas pipe and coupled together through a pentagonal rocker eccentric mechanism to convert the linear motion output by the power piston into the rotational motion of the rotating shaft, so as to generate electricity or drive other loads. The present invention directly utilizes The high-temperature gas is converted to generate mechanical energy, which can convert the linear motion output by the power piston into the rotary motion of the crankshaft, and at the same time avoid the problem of the piston being unbalanced in the crank connecting rod mechanism, so that the gas seal at the power piston is easy to achieve and the structure is simple.

Description

A multi-layer pentagonal Stirling engine for waste heat recovery from waste incineration

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of energy-saving equipment, and in particular relates to a multi-layer pentagonal Stirling engine used for recycling waste heat from waste incineration.

Background technique

Garbage incineration power generation is an effective garbage disposal method. After proper treatment, the garbage is put into the incinerator for full combustion, and high-temperature gas is generated to heat water, thereby generating high-temperature water vapor, which drives the turbine to rotate, so that A generator produces electricity. However, the existing waste incineration power plants all use steam turbines to generate electricity, which need to use high-temperature gas to heat water, and then steam to drive the turbines. In this process, there is an inevitable large amount of heat loss, and at the same time, the volume of the equipment increases and the structure complex.

In recent years, the development of gas sealing technology has brought the Stirling engine back to the application level. The Stirling engine was invented in 1816 by Robert Stirling, a pastor in London. It is an external combustion engine that generates power by expanding the gas when it is heated and compressing it when it is cold. Its efficiency is almost equal to The theoretical maximum efficiency (Carnot cycle efficiency) has therefore received extensive attention, but due to the rapid development of internal combustion engines, the Stirling engine has faded out of the sight of industrial applications, and has only been used in a few military fields. Until recent years, civil gas sealing technology has been developed, and the high-quality chemical energy required by internal combustion engines has been exhausted, making Stirling engines become a research hotspot again. The outstanding advantage of the Stirling engine is that it is applicable to almost all energy sources, enabling people to use energy that would otherwise be unavailable, such as the heat energy generated during waste incineration, which can be directly converted into mechanical energy through the Stirling engine, and then through the corresponding energy. device into the desired form of energy.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a multi-layer pentagonal Stirling engine for waste heat recovery from waste incineration, which directly uses high-temperature gas for conversion to generate mechanical energy, and has a simple structure.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is:

A multi-layer pentagonal Stirling engine used for recovery of waste heat from waste incineration, including multiple identical working modules connected axially, the number of working modules is increased or decreased according to the power, and each working module includes five free Piston Stirling cycle generator 1, five free piston Stirling cycle generators 1 are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction between the end fixing seat 10 and the middle fixing seat 16, and the end fixing seat 10 and the middle fixing seat 16 are belt The cylindrical structure of the lug has a semicircular hole in the circumferential direction, which can hold the free piston Stirling cycle generator 1 in the opening position, and the end fixing seat 10 and the middle fixing seat 16 are connected together; each free piston Stirling cycle generator The round end of the outer cylinder 1-1 of the cycle generator 1 is processed with external threads, and is connected with the hot gas pipe 2 through the threads, and the hot gas pipe 2 is coated with a layer of heat insulating material 3; each free piston Stirling cycle generator 1 The front end of the power piston 1-5 is a disc-shaped structure, and the left holding plate 4 and the right holding plate 13 sandwich the power piston 1-5, and also sandwich the pentagonal rocker 6 and its upper roller 5, The left retaining disc 4, the right retaining disc 13 and the pentagonal rocker 5 are clamped together by five clamping bolts 8, and the power piston 1-5 can be on the roller 5 between the left retaining disc 4 and the right retaining disc 13. The sliding bearing 7 is installed in the through hole in the middle of the pentagonal rocker 6, and the outer ring of the eccentric sleeve 9 is in interference fit with the inner ring of the sliding bearing 7 while being centrally supported on the shoulder of the rotating shaft 12. The axial direction is fixed by the positioning sleeve 15 , the power is transmitted by the flat key 11 in the circumferential direction, and the rotating shaft 12 is bearing in the opening of the end fixing seat 10 through two end bearings 14 .

The free-piston Stirling cycle generator 1 includes an outer cylinder 1-1, and a heating heat exchanger 1-12, a regenerative heat exchanger 1-2 and a cooler 1-3 are installed on the outer cylinder 1-1 In the slotted inner wall, the heating heat exchanger 1-12 is closest to the round end of the outer cylinder 1-1, and the cooler 1-3 is farthest from the round end of the outer cylinder 1-1; the power cylinder 1-4 is fixed on the outer cylinder The flat end of 1-1, the side of the power cylinder 1-4 is a cylindrical structure, and the displacement piston seat 1-6 is set on the cylindrical structure of the power cylinder 1-4, which can slide freely, and there is a gas sealing device on the contact surface , one side of the outer ring of the air-moving piston seat 1-6 is processed with external threads, and the air-moving piston 1-13 is fixed on the air-moving piston seat 1-6 through threaded connection; the first leaf spring 1-8 and the second leaf spring 1 -10 is also set on the cylindrical structure of the power cylinder 1-4, and the center determines the axial position through the shoulder of the cylindrical structure, the first central sleeve 1-14 and the second central sleeve 1-16, and the double round nut 1 -15 Clamp the parts set in the cylindrical structure through the thread at the outermost end of the power cylinder 1-4, and the outer ring of the first leaf spring 1-8 and the second leaf spring 1-10 passes through the first positioning ring 1 -7. The second positioning ring 1-9 and the leaf spring connecting bolt 1-11 are connected with the displacement piston seat 1-6. When the displacement piston seat 1-6 deviates from the equilibrium position, the first leaf spring 1-8 and the second The two leaf springs 1-10 can provide restoring force; a power piston 1-5 is installed in the cavity on the other side of the power cylinder 1-4, and a gas sealing device is arranged on the contact surface.

The hot gas pipe 2 is an annular pipeline with an air inlet and an air outlet, and the hot gas pipes 2 of each working module are connected in parallel or in series.

The regenerative heat exchanger 1-2 is a porous metal wire or a porous metal material, which heats the gas when the cold gas passes through, and cools the gas when the hot starter passes through.

The cooler 1-3 is a thin-walled flat tube in an annular shape, through which a cooling medium can pass. The cooler 1-3 has two hoses for the inlet and outlet of the cooling medium. During this process, the hose is first compressed inside the cooler 1-3, and after the cooler 1-3 is positioned, the hose is pulled out from the opening on the outer cylinder 1-1.

The advantages of the present invention are: the arrangement of the free-piston Stirling cycle generator 1 in the circumferential direction saves the space in the axial direction, improves the power density of the device, and at the same time can achieve a large total power by paralleling multiple modules in the axial direction; The ring-type hot gas pipe ensures that the device can effectively utilize the heat energy available in the hot gas. The hot gas pipes 2 of each module can be connected in parallel or in series, and the arrangement form is flexible; the pentagonal rocker 6 can convert the linear motion output by the power piston into The rotational movement of the crankshaft avoids the problem of partial load on the piston of the crank-connecting rod mechanism at the same time, so that the gas seal at the power piston is easy to realize.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a working module of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an axial half-section structure when the present invention includes two working modules.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the free Stirling cycle generator 1 of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be explained in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, a multi-layer pentagonal Stirling engine used for recovery of waste heat from waste incineration includes two identical working modules connected axially, and the number of working modules is increased or decreased according to the power, wherein each A working module includes five free-piston Stirling cycle generators 1, and the five free-piston Stirling cycle generators 1 are evenly arranged circumferentially between the end fixing seat 10 and the middle fixing seat 16, and the end fixing seat 10 The middle fixing seat 16 is a cylindrical structure with lugs, and a semicircular hole is opened in the circumferential direction, so that the free piston Stirling cycle generator 1 can be stuck in the opening position, and the end fixing seat 10 and the middle fixing seat 16 are connected together; The round end of the outer cylinder 1-1 of each free piston Stirling cycle generator 1 is processed with external threads, and is connected with the hot gas pipe 2 through the threads, and the hot gas pipe 2 is coated with a layer of heat insulating material 3; each free piston The front end of the power piston 1-5 of the Stirling cycle generator 1 is a disc-shaped structure, and the left holding plate 4 and the right holding plate 13 clamp the power piston 1-5 in the middle, and also hold the pentagonal rocker 6 and its The roller 5 is clamped in the middle, the left retaining disc 4, the right retaining disc 13 and the pentagonal rocker 5 are clamped together by five clamping bolts 8, and the power piston 1-5 can be on the roller 5 on the left retaining disc. 4 and the right retaining plate 13 to slide in the cavity, the sliding bearing 7 is installed in the through hole in the middle of the pentagonal rocker 6, the outer ring of the eccentric sleeve 9 is interference fit with the inner ring of the sliding bearing 7 and the center is supported on the On the shoulder of the rotating shaft 12, the axial direction is fixed by the positioning sleeve 15, and the power is transmitted by the flat key 11 in the circumferential direction.

Referring to Fig. 3, the described free-piston Stirling cycle generator 1 comprises an outer cylinder barrel 1-1, and a heating heat exchanger 1-12, a regenerative heat exchanger 1-2 and a cooler 1-3 are installed in the outer cylinder In the groove on the inner wall of cylinder 1-1, the heating heat exchanger 1-12 is closest to the round end of the outer cylinder 1-1, and the cooler 1-3 is farthest from the round end of the outer cylinder 1-1; the power cylinder 1-4 It is fixed on the flat end of the outer cylinder 1-1 through its upper flange and screws, and one side of the power cylinder 1-4 is a cylindrical structure, and the air-moving piston seat 1-6 is set on the cylindrical structure of the power cylinder 1-4, which can Free sliding, and there is a gas sealing device on the contact surface, the outer ring side of the gas displacement piston seat 1-6 is processed with external threads, and the gas displacement piston 1-13 is fixed on the gas displacement piston seat 1-6 through threaded connection; the first The leaf spring 1-8 and the second leaf spring 1-10 are also set on the cylindrical structure of the power cylinder 1-4, and the center passes through the shoulder of the cylindrical structure, the first central sleeve 1-14 and the second central sleeve 1 -16 determines the axial position, the double round nut 1-15 clamps the parts set in the cylindrical structure through the outermost thread of the power cylinder 1-4 cylindrical structure, the first leaf spring 1-8 and the second leaf spring 1-10 The outer ring is connected to the air displacement piston seat 1-6 through the first positioning ring 1-7, the second positioning ring 1-9 and the leaf spring connecting bolt 1-11, when the air displacement piston seat 1-6 deviates from the equilibrium position , the first leaf spring 1-8 and the second leaf spring 1-10 can provide restoring force; the power piston 1-5 is installed in the cavity on the other side of the power cylinder 1-4, and there is a gas sealing device on the contact surface. Prevent the loss of working fluid.

Referring to Figure 1, the hot gas pipe 2 is an annular pipeline with an air inlet and an air outlet, and the hot gas pipes 2 of each working module are connected in parallel or in series to realize the recovery of heat energy in the hot air. Efficient use of.

Referring to Fig. 3, the heat recovery heat exchanger 1-2 is a porous metal wire or a porous metal material, which heats the gas when the cold gas passes through, and cools the gas when the hot starter passes through. .

The cooler 1-3 is a thin-walled flat tube in an annular shape, through which a cooling medium can pass. The cooler 1-3 has two hoses for the inlet and outlet of the cooling medium. During this process, the hose is first compressed inside the cooler 1-3, and after the cooler 1-3 is positioned, the hose is pulled out from the opening on the outer cylinder 1-1.

The working principle of the present invention is: the free piston Stirling cycle generator 1 drives the power piston 1-5 to do work through the expansion of hot air and the contraction of cold air. When the round end of the outer cylinder 1-1 is heated, the outer cylinder 1-1 1 and the working medium between the gas-moving piston 1-13 is heated, and the other end of the gas-moving piston 1-13 cools the working medium through the cooler 1-3, so that a certain amount of heat is generated between the two ends of the gas-moving piston 1-13. The pressure difference pushes the air-moving piston seat 1-6 to move slightly, and after moving to a certain position, the air-moving piston seat 1-6 moves back under the action of the first leaf spring 1-8 and the second leaf spring 1-10 , when the air-moving piston seat 1-6 moves, it drives the air-moving piston 1-13 on it to move, so that the hot and cold working medium is forced to flow at the heating end and the cooling end, thereby pushing the power piston 1-5 to do work externally. The hot and cold medium is constantly oscillating at both ends of the air-moving piston 1-13, so there is always a certain pressure difference between the two ends of the air-moving piston 1-13, which makes when there is a sufficient temperature difference between the heating end and the cooling end, the air-moving piston seat 1-13 6 and the air-moving piston 1-13 can continuously produce periodic motion, and then the power piston 1-5 of the free-piston Stirling cycle generator 1 can continuously perform work; in each working module, there are five free-piston Stirling Lin cycle generator 1, they are coupled together through the pentagonal rocker eccentric mechanism, and convert the linear motion output by the power piston 1-5 into the rotary motion of the rotating shaft 12, its function is similar to the crank linkage mechanism, but avoids the crank The problem that the piston of the connecting rod mechanism is subjected to an eccentric load.

Claims (4)

1. A multi-layer pentagonal Stirling engine used for recovery of waste heat from waste incineration, including a plurality of identical working modules connected axially, and increasing or decreasing the number of working modules according to the power, wherein each working module includes five a free-piston Stirling cycle generator (1), five free-piston Stirling cycle generators (1) are evenly arranged circumferentially between the end fixing seat (10) and the middle fixing seat (16), and the end The fixed seat (10) and the middle fixed seat (16) are cylindrical structures with lugs, and a semicircular hole is opened in the circumferential direction, so that the free-piston Stirling cycle generator (1) can be stuck in the opening position, and the end fixed seat ( 10) are connected together with the middle fixed seat (16); the round end of the outer cylinder barrel (1-1) of each free piston Stirling cycle generator (1) is processed with external threads, and is connected with the hot gas pipe ( 2) connection, the hot gas pipe (2) is coated with a layer of heat insulating material (3); the front end of the power piston (1-5) of each free-piston Stirling cycle generator (1) is a disc-shaped structure, and the left retaining disc ( 4) and the right retaining plate (13) clamp the power piston (1-5) in the middle, and also clamp the pentagonal rocker (6) and its upper roller (5) in the middle, and the left retaining plate (4) 1. The right holding plate (13) and the pentagonal rocker (5) are clamped together by five clamping bolts (8), and the power piston (1-5) can be on the roller (5) on the left holding plate ( 4) slides in the cavity between the right retaining disc (13), the sliding bearing (7) is installed in the through hole in the middle of the pentagonal rocker (6), the outer ring of the eccentric sleeve (9) and the sliding bearing (7 )’s inner ring has an interference fit and is centrally supported on the shoulder of the rotating shaft (12). Part bearing (14) bearing is in the perforation of end fixed seat (10); The free-piston Stirling cycle generator (1) comprises an outer cylinder (1-1), a heating heat exchanger (1-12), a regenerative heat exchanger (1-2) and a cooler (1- 3) They are all installed in the grooves on the inner wall of the outer cylinder (1-1), the heating heat exchanger (1-12) is closest to the round end of the outer cylinder (1-1), and the cooler (1-3) is the closest to the outer cylinder The round end of the cylinder (1-1) is the farthest; the power cylinder (1-4) is fixed on the flat end of the outer cylinder (1-1), and one side of the power cylinder (1-4) is a cylindrical structure, and the air-moving piston seat (1 -6) Set on the cylindrical structure of the power cylinder (1-4), it can slide freely, and there is a gas sealing device on the contact surface. The gas piston (1-13) is fixed on the gas displacement piston seat (1-6) through threaded connection; the first leaf spring (1-8) and the second leaf spring (1-10) are also set on the power cylinder (1- 4) On the cylindrical structure, the center determines the axial position through the shoulder of the cylindrical structure, the first center sleeve (1-14) and the second center sleeve (1-16), and the double round nut (1-15) Clamp the parts set in the cylindrical structure through the thread at the outermost end of the cylindrical structure of the power cylinder (1-4), and the outer rings of the first leaf spring (1-8) and the second leaf spring (1-10) pass through the first leaf spring (1-10). A locating ring (1-7), a second locating ring (1-9) and leaf spring connecting bolts (1-11) are connected with the gas displacement piston seat (1-6), when the gas displacement piston seat (1-6) When deviating from the equilibrium position, the first leaf spring (1-8) and the second leaf spring (1-10) can provide restoring force; the cavity on the other side of the power cylinder (1-4) is installed with a power piston (1- 5), there is a gas sealing device on the contact surface. 2. A multi-layer pentagonal Stirling engine for recovery of waste heat from waste incineration according to claim 1, characterized in that: said hot gas pipe (2) is an annular pipeline with an air inlet An air outlet and an air outlet, and the hot air pipes (2) of each working module are connected in parallel or in series. 3. A multi-layer pentagonal Stirling engine for recovery of waste heat from waste incineration according to claim 1, characterized in that: said regenerative heat exchanger (1-2) is a porous The metal wire or porous metal material heats the gas when the cold gas passes through it, and cools the gas when the hot starter passes through. 4. A kind of multi-layer pentagonal Stirling engine for recovery of waste heat from waste incineration according to claim 1, characterized in that: said cooler (1-3) is a thin-walled flat tube, It is ring-shaped, and the cooling medium can pass through it. There are two hoses on the cooler (1-3) for the inlet and outlet of the cooling medium. When installing, the hoses are first compressed on the cooler (1-3) Inside, after the cooler (1-3) is positioned, the hose is pulled out from the opening on the outer cylinder (1-1).