CN104500185A - Diesel engine tail gas reducing agent as well as application and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Diesel engine tail gas reducing agent as well as application and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104500185A CN104500185A CN201410764593.9A CN201410764593A CN104500185A CN 104500185 A CN104500185 A CN 104500185A CN 201410764593 A CN201410764593 A CN 201410764593A CN 104500185 A CN104500185 A CN 104500185A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
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Abstract
The invention provides a diesel engine tail gas reducing agent as well as application and a preparation method thereof. The diesel engine tail gas reducing agent mainly consists of the following components: urea, high-purity water and diethyl ether, wherein the concentration of the urea is 31.8wt% to 33.3wt%; the concentration of the diethyl ether is 0.05wt% to 0.8wt%; the transformation efficiency of an oxynitride compound in the diesel engine tail gas above 230 DEG C is larger than or equal to 96%. Compared with the prior art, the diesel engine tail gas reducing agent is added with a proper amount of diethyl ether, so the transformation efficiency of the oxynitride compound in the tail gas is improved, the transformation temperature is reduced as well, the applicative work conditions are widened, and the emission of automobile tail gas is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of motor exhaust reducing agent, particularly relate to a kind of diesel engine vent gas reducing agent, the application of this reducing agent and preparation method.
Background technique
Diesel-engined vehicle is compared with gasoline automobile, and power performance is good, and the thermal efficiency is high, and save fuel oil, greenhouse gas emission is lower; But comparatively petrol engine is high for nitrogen oxide and particulate matter in diesel automobile exhaust discharge.In order to reduce diesel automobile exhaust discharge in nitrogen oxide and particulate matter, particularly US and European will forcibly implement some severeer specifications in the emission compliance of automobile nitrogen oxide NOx and particulate PM, such as, mark is discharged in Europe 5 and Europe 6, car manufactures have employed a kind of selective catalytic reduction (Selective Catalytic Reduction, SCR) technical finesse exhaust gas from diesel vehicle, makes it to reach emission standard.
Existing reducing agent adopts urea usually, mixes mutually after jet atomization with the tail gas of diesel engine, under the effect of catalyzer, in temperature range (315-400 DEG C), redox reaction occurs, thus generates N
2and water.By the above-mentioned requirement that can meet existing automobile emissions standards to a great extent, but when engine temperature is lower, be still difficult to meet emission request.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above, the present invention is necessary to provide a kind of diesel engine vent gas reducing agent being suitable for low temperature.
There is a need to the application that a kind of above-mentioned reduction is provided.
In addition, there is a need to the preparation method that above-mentioned reducing agent is provided.
A kind of diesel engine vent gas reducing agent, mainly consists of the following composition:
Urea, high purity water and ether;
Wherein, in described diesel engine vent gas reducing agent, urea concentration is 31.8-33.3wt%, and ether concentration is 0.05-0.8wt%; In described diesel engine vent gas, oxynitrides transformation efficiency more than 230 DEG C is more than or equal to 96%.
In preferred embodiment of the present invention, described urea concentration is 31.8wt%, and ether concentration is 0.05-0.8wt%; Or described urea concentration is 32wt%, ether concentration is 0.05-0.8wt%; Or described urea concentration is 32.5wt%, ether concentration is 0.05-0.8wt%; Or described urea concentration is 33wt%, ether concentration is 0.05-0.8wt%; Or described urea concentration is 33.3wt%, ether concentration is 0.05-0.8wt%.
In preferred embodiment of the present invention, the concentration of described urea and ether is the one in following table:
In preferred embodiment of the present invention, the metal ion content of this diesel engine vent gas reducing agent is:
Sodium≤0.5 ㎎/㎏;
Magnesium≤0.5 ㎎/㎏;
Aluminium≤0.5 ㎎/㎏;
Potassium≤0.5 ㎎/㎏;
Calcium≤0.5 ㎎/㎏;
Chromium≤0.2 ㎎/㎏;
Iron≤0.5 ㎎/㎏;
Nickel≤0.2 ㎎/㎏;
Copper≤0.2 ㎎/㎏;
Zinc≤0.2 ㎎/㎏.
In preferred embodiment of the present invention, aldehydes (in HCHO)≤9 ㎎/㎏ of this diesel engine vent gas reducing agent, the content≤0.3wt% of biuret.
In preferred embodiment of the present invention, described high-purity water resistivity is 15-17M Ω cm.
In preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is applied to the traffic tool using diesel engine.
In preferred embodiment of the present invention, the described traffic tool are bus, passenger vehicle and sedan car or steamer.
A preparation method for diesel engine vent gas reducing agent, comprises the following steps:
Get urea synthesis reaction liquid, remove unconverted thing ammonia wherein and carbon dioxide, or adopt industrial urea carry out recrystallization once and more than, described recrystallization process is: industrial urea is dissolved in the water that temperature is 70-75 DEG C, and make saturated solution, with active carbon adsorption, after heat filtering, crystallisation by cooling, dry obtained high-purity urea;
Add high purity water;
Add ether;
Make urea concentration be 31.8-33.3wt%, ether concentration is 0.05-0.8wt%.
In preferred embodiment of the present invention, the concentration of described urea and ether is the one in following table:
; The metal ion content of described reducing agent is:
Sodium≤0.5 ㎎/㎏;
Magnesium≤0.5 ㎎/㎏;
Aluminium≤0.5 ㎎/㎏;
Potassium≤0.5 ㎎/㎏;
Calcium≤0.5 ㎎/㎏;
Chromium≤0.2 ㎎/㎏;
Iron≤0.5 ㎎/㎏;
Nickel≤0.2 ㎎/㎏;
Copper≤0.2 ㎎/㎏;
Zinc≤0.2 ㎎/㎏.
The diesel engine vent gas reducing agent of present pre-ferred embodiments, with the addition of appropriate ether, not only increases the transformation efficiency of oxynitrides, reduces conversion temperature simultaneously, expands applicable operating mode, reduces the discharge of vehicle exhaust.
Embodiment
Use for diesel engine reducing agent of the present invention and preparation method thereof is not limited to the concrete numerical limits that following examples limit, and how the following description only realizes to make those skilled in the art understand this technology.
The diesel engine vent gas reducing agent of present pre-ferred embodiments, mainly consists of the following composition:
Urea, high purity water and ether;
Wherein, urea concentration is 31.8-33.3wt%, and ether concentration is 0.05-0.8wt%.
In described diesel engine vent gas reducing agent, metal ion content is:
Sodium≤0.5 ㎎/㎏;
Magnesium≤0.5 ㎎/㎏;
Aluminium≤0.5 ㎎/㎏;
Potassium≤0.5 ㎎/㎏;
Calcium≤0.5 ㎎/㎏;
Chromium≤0.2 ㎎/㎏;
Iron≤0.5 ㎎/㎏;
Nickel≤0.2 ㎎/㎏;
Copper≤0.2 ㎎/㎏;
Zinc≤0.2 ㎎/㎏.
Above-mentioned diesel engine vent gas reducing agent obtains by the following method:
Get urea synthesis reaction liquid, remove unconverted thing ammonia wherein and carbon dioxide, make ammonia density≤0.35wt%, obtaining urea concentration is 70-85wt%; Be the high purity water allotment of 15-17M Ω cm by described high-purity urea solution and specific resistance, then filter, obtain the urea liquid that urea concentration is 35-63wt%;
Described high-purity urea is also by after purifying industrial urea, removing the impurity such as biuret, and being dissolved in high purity water obtains;
In above-mentioned urea liquid, add appropriate ether, then add high purity water, make urea concentration be 31.8-33.3wt%, the concentration of ether is 0.05-0.8wt%.
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, diesel engine vent gas reducing agent of the present invention and preparation method thereof is further described.Specific embodiment in embodiment is for further describing the present invention, non-limiting protection scope of the present invention.
The each substance detecting method of various embodiments of the present invention records in the following way:
The detecting method of ammonia density adopts ISO 22241-2:2006;
The detecting method of urea concentration adopts ISO 22241-2:2006;
The detecting method of specific resistance adopts SL78-1994;
The detecting method of Biuret Content adopts ISO 22241-2:2006;
Oxynitrides transforms and tests according to the method for HJ 451-2008 " environmental protection product technical requirements diesel engine truck exhaust after-treatment device ".
Embodiment 1
Get urea synthesis reaction liquid 1000L, remove unconverted thing ammonia wherein and carbon dioxide, add the high purity water allotment that specific resistance is 15 Ω cm, then filter, obtain urea liquid.
Add ether to stirring in above-mentioned urea liquid.
Add the high purity water that specific resistance is 15 Ω cm, make urea concentration in final solution be 31.8wt%, ether concentration is 0.05wt%.
Test according to the method for HJ 451-2008 " environmental protection product technical requirements diesel engine truck exhaust after-treatment device ", 290 DEG C can reach oxynitrides conversion ratio up to 97%.
The check experiment of the present embodiment, have employed urea concentration is the reducing agent that 31.8wt% does not add ether, and 330 DEG C can reach oxynitrides conversion ratio up to 94%.
Embodiment 2
Get urea synthesis reaction liquid 1000L, remove unconverted thing ammonia wherein and carbon dioxide, add the high purity water allotment that specific resistance is 15 Ω cm, then filter, obtain urea liquid.
Add ether and stir.
Add the high purity water that specific resistance is 15 Ω cm, make urea concentration in final solution be 31.8wt%, the concentration of ether is 0.1wt%.
Test according to the method for HJ 451-2008 " environmental protection product technical requirements diesel engine truck exhaust after-treatment device ", 278 DEG C can reach oxynitrides conversion ratio up to 96%.
The check experiment of the present embodiment, have employed urea concentration is the reducing agent that 31.8wt% does not add ether, and 330 DEG C can reach oxynitrides conversion ratio up to 94%.
Embodiment 3
Get urea synthesis reaction liquid 1000L, remove unconverted thing ammonia wherein and carbon dioxide, add the high purity water allotment that specific resistance is 15 Ω cm, then filter, obtain urea liquid.
Add ether and stir.
Add the high purity water that specific resistance is 15 Ω cm, make urea concentration in final solution be 32wt%, the concentration of ether is 0.7wt%.
Test according to the method for HJ 451-2008 " environmental protection product technical requirements diesel engine truck exhaust after-treatment device ", 236 DEG C can reach oxynitrides conversion ratio up to 96%.
The check experiment of the present embodiment, have employed urea concentration is the reducing agent that 32wt% does not add ether, and 330 DEG C can reach oxynitrides conversion ratio up to 94%.
Embodiment 4
Get urea synthesis reaction liquid 1000L, remove unconverted thing ammonia wherein and carbon dioxide, add the high purity water allotment that specific resistance is 15 Ω cm, then filter, obtain urea liquid.
Add ether and stir.
Add the high purity water that specific resistance is 15 Ω cm, make urea concentration in final solution be 32.5wt%, the concentration of ether is 0.3wt%.
Test according to the method for HJ 451-2008 " environmental protection product technical requirements diesel engine truck exhaust after-treatment device ", 260 DEG C can reach oxynitrides conversion ratio up to 98%.
The check experiment of the present embodiment, have employed urea concentration is the reducing agent that 32.5wt% does not add ether, and 320 DEG C can reach oxynitrides conversion ratio up to 95%.
Embodiment 5
Get urea synthesis reaction liquid 1000L, remove unconverted thing ammonia wherein and carbon dioxide, add the high purity water allotment that specific resistance is 15 Ω cm, then filter, obtain urea liquid.
Add ether and stir.
Add the high purity water that specific resistance is 15 Ω cm, make urea concentration in final solution be 32.5wt%, the concentration of ether is 0.5wt%.
Test according to the method for HJ 451-2008 " environmental protection product technical requirements diesel engine truck exhaust after-treatment device ", 250 DEG C can reach oxynitrides conversion ratio up to 98%.
The check experiment of the present embodiment, have employed urea concentration is the reducing agent that 32.5wt% does not add ether, and 320 DEG C can reach oxynitrides conversion ratio up to 95%.
Embodiment 6
Get urea synthesis reaction liquid 1000L, remove unconverted thing ammonia wherein and carbon dioxide, add the high purity water allotment that specific resistance is 15 Ω cm, then filter, obtain urea liquid.
Add ether and stir.
Add the high purity water that specific resistance is 15 Ω cm, make urea concentration in final solution be 32.5wt%, the concentration of ether is 0.65wt%.
Test according to the method for HJ 451-2008 " environmental protection product technical requirements diesel engine truck exhaust after-treatment device ", 233 DEG C can reach oxynitrides conversion ratio up to 96%.
The check experiment of the present embodiment, have employed urea concentration is the reducing agent that 32.5wt% does not add ether, and 320 DEG C can reach oxynitrides conversion ratio up to 95%.
Embodiment 7
Get urea synthesis reaction liquid 1000L, remove unconverted thing ammonia wherein and carbon dioxide, add the high purity water allotment that specific resistance is 15 Ω cm, then filter, obtain urea liquid.
Add ether and stir.
Add the high purity water that specific resistance is 15 Ω cm, make urea concentration in final solution be 32.5wt%, the concentration of ether is 0.8wt%.
Test according to the method for HJ 451-2008 " environmental protection product technical requirements diesel engine truck exhaust after-treatment device ", 230 DEG C can reach oxynitrides conversion ratio up to 98%.
The check experiment of the present embodiment, have employed urea concentration is the reducing agent that 32.5wt% does not add ether, and 320 DEG C can reach oxynitrides conversion ratio up to 95%.
Embodiment 8
Get urea synthesis reaction liquid 1000L, remove unconverted thing ammonia wherein and carbon dioxide, add the high purity water allotment that specific resistance is 15 Ω cm, then filter, obtain urea liquid.
Add ether and stir.
Add the high purity water that specific resistance is 15 Ω cm, make urea concentration in final solution be 33wt%, the concentration of ether is 0.05wt%.
Test according to the method for HJ 451-2008 " environmental protection product technical requirements diesel engine truck exhaust after-treatment device ", 286 DEG C can reach oxynitrides conversion ratio up to 97%.
The check experiment of the present embodiment, have employed urea concentration is the reducing agent that 33wt% does not add ether, and 340 DEG C can reach oxynitrides conversion ratio up to 94%.
Embodiment 9
Get urea synthesis reaction liquid 1000L, remove unconverted thing ammonia wherein and carbon dioxide, add the high purity water allotment that specific resistance is 15 Ω cm, then filter, obtain urea liquid.
Add ether and stir.
Add the high purity water that specific resistance is 15 Ω cm, make urea concentration in final solution be 33wt%, the concentration of ether is 0.8wt%.
Test according to the method for HJ 451-2008 " environmental protection product technical requirements diesel engine truck exhaust after-treatment device ", 231 DEG C can reach oxynitrides conversion ratio up to 97%.
The check experiment of the present embodiment, have employed urea concentration is the reducing agent that 33wt% does not add ether, and 340 DEG C can reach oxynitrides conversion ratio up to 94%.
Embodiment 10
Get urea synthesis reaction liquid 1000L, remove unconverted thing ammonia wherein and carbon dioxide, add the high purity water allotment that specific resistance is 15 Ω cm, then filter, obtain urea liquid.
Add ether and stir.
Add the high purity water that specific resistance is 15 Ω cm, make urea concentration in final solution be 33.3wt%, the concentration of ether is 0.05wt%.
Test according to the method for HJ 451-2008 " environmental protection product technical requirements diesel engine truck exhaust after-treatment device ", 265 DEG C can reach oxynitrides conversion ratio up to 96%.
The check experiment of the present embodiment, have employed urea concentration is the reducing agent that 33.3wt% does not add ether, and 341 DEG C can reach oxynitrides conversion ratio up to 94%.
Embodiment 11
Get urea synthesis reaction liquid 1000L, remove unconverted thing ammonia wherein and carbon dioxide, add the high purity water allotment that specific resistance is 15 Ω cm, then filter, obtain urea liquid.
Add ether and stir.
Add the high purity water that specific resistance is 15 Ω cm, make urea concentration in final solution be 33.3wt%, the concentration of ether is 0.8wt%.
Test according to the method for HJ 451-2008 " environmental protection product technical requirements diesel engine truck exhaust after-treatment device ", 245 DEG C can reach oxynitrides conversion ratio up to 96%.
The check experiment of the present embodiment, have employed urea concentration is the reducing agent that 33.3wt% does not add ether, and 341 DEG C can reach oxynitrides conversion ratio up to 94%.
The results of property parameter list of table 1 embodiment
Show from the data of table 1, the diesel engine vent gas reducing agent obtained in embodiment 1 to embodiment 11, with the addition of appropriate ether, not only increase the transformation efficiency of oxynitrides in tail gas, reduce the conversion temperature of oxynitrides simultaneously, expand applicable operating mode, reduce the discharge of vehicle exhaust.
High-purity urea of above-described embodiment also obtains by once above recrystallization: industrial urea is dissolved in temperature 70-75 DEG C of water, obtained saturated solution, with active carbon adsorption, carries out heat filtering, then crystallisation by cooling, dry high-purity urea.Above-mentioned recrystallization process can carry out one or many, and the high-purity urea after recrystallization can reach the same result of above-described embodiment, therefore also can directly adopt industrial urea to make.
The foregoing is only embodiments of the invention; not thereby the scope of the claims of the present invention is limited; every utilize description of the present invention to do equivalent structure or equivalent flow process conversion; or be directly or indirectly used in other relevant technical fields, be all in like manner included in scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a diesel engine vent gas reducing agent, is characterized in that, mainly consists of the following composition:
Urea, high purity water and ether;
Wherein, in described tail gas reductant, urea concentration is 31.8-33.3wt%, and ether concentration is 0.05-0.8wt%; Described tail gas reductant is more than or equal to 96% to the transformation efficiency of oxynitrides in diesel engine vent gas more than 230 DEG C.
2. diesel engine vent gas reducing agent according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described urea concentration is 31.8wt%, and ether concentration is 0.05-0.8wt%; Or described urea concentration is 32wt%, ether concentration is 0.05-0.8wt%; Or described urea concentration is 32.5wt%, ether concentration is 0.05-0.8wt%; Or described urea concentration is 33wt%, ether concentration is 0.05-0.8wt%; Or described urea concentration is 33.3wt%, ether concentration is 0.05-0.8wt%.
3. diesel engine vent gas reducing agent according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the concentration of described urea and ether is the one in following table:
4. diesel engine vent gas reducing agent according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the metal ion content of this diesel engine vent gas reducing agent is:
Sodium≤0.5 ㎎/㎏;
Magnesium≤0.5 ㎎/㎏;
Aluminium≤0.5 ㎎/㎏;
Potassium≤0.5 ㎎/㎏;
Calcium≤0.5 ㎎/㎏;
Chromium≤0.2 ㎎/㎏;
Iron≤0.5 ㎎/㎏;
Nickel≤0.2 ㎎/㎏;
Copper≤0.2 ㎎/㎏;
Zinc≤0.2 ㎎/㎏.
5. diesel engine vent gas reducing agent according to claim 1, is characterized in that: aldehydes (in HCHO)≤3 ㎎/㎏ of this diesel engine vent gas reducing agent, the content≤0.3wt% of biuret.
6. diesel engine vent gas reducing agent according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described pure resistivity of water is 15-17M Ω cm.
7. an application for the diesel engine vent gas reducing agent as described in claim 1-6 any one, is characterized in that: it is applied to the traffic tool using diesel engine.
8. the application of diesel engine vent gas reducing agent according to claim 7, is characterized in that: the described traffic tool are bus, passenger vehicle and sedan car or steamer.
9. a preparation method for the diesel engine vent gas reducing agent as described in claim 1-6 any one, comprises the following steps:
Get urea synthesis reaction liquid, remove unconverted thing ammonia wherein and carbon dioxide, or adopt industrial urea carry out recrystallization once and more than, described recrystallization process is: industrial urea is dissolved in the water that temperature is 70-75 DEG C, and make saturated solution, with active carbon adsorption, after heat filtering, crystallisation by cooling, dry obtained high-purity urea;
Add high purity water;
Add ether;
Make urea concentration be 31.8-33.3wt%, ether concentration is 0.05-0.8wt%.
10. the preparation method of diesel engine vent gas reducing agent according to claim 9, is characterized in that:
The concentration of described urea and ether is the one in following table:
; The metal ion content of described reducing agent is:
Sodium≤0.5 ㎎/㎏;
Magnesium≤0.5 ㎎/㎏;
Aluminium≤0.5 ㎎/㎏;
Potassium≤0.5 ㎎/㎏;
Calcium≤0.5 ㎎/㎏;
Chromium≤0.2 ㎎/㎏;
Iron≤0.5 ㎎/㎏;
Nickel≤0.2 ㎎/㎏;
Copper≤0.2 ㎎/㎏;
Zinc≤0.2 ㎎/㎏.
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