CN104497562A - Nylon-based material for 3D (three-dimensional) printing and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Nylon-based material for 3D (three-dimensional) printing and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104497562A CN104497562A CN201410804645.0A CN201410804645A CN104497562A CN 104497562 A CN104497562 A CN 104497562A CN 201410804645 A CN201410804645 A CN 201410804645A CN 104497562 A CN104497562 A CN 104497562A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L77/00—Compositions of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/011—Nanostructured additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
- C08L2205/035—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend containing four or more polymers in a blend
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/08—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing additives to improve the compatibility between two polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/24—Crystallisation aids
Abstract
The invention provides a nylon-based material which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60-95 parts of a nylon resin, 5-40 parts of an acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, 5-20 parts of a compatilizer, 0.2-1 part of an antioxidant, 0.3-2 parts of a lubricating agent and 0.2-1 part of a nucleating agent. The preparation method comprises the following steps: drying nylon resin and the acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, uniformly mixing with the compatilizer, the antioxidant, the lubricating agent and the nucleating agent, thereby obtaining a mixture; performing melt extrusion on the mixture, performing drawing forming, thereby obtaining the nylon-based material. The high-strength nylon resin is taken as a substrate material, and the nylon resin is modified by utilizing the ABS resin, the lubricating agent, a flexibilizer and the nucleating agent. Moreover, the synergistic effect of the various components of diffenet ratios is adjusted, the toughness of the nylon resin is improved, the friction coefficient is reduced, and the nylon-based material easy for 3D printing is obtained and is high in strength, high in toughness, high in molding precision, smooth in surface and easy to support.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to 3D printed material field, particularly a kind of nylon base material for 3D printing and method thereof.
Background technology
3D prints and namely increases material manufacturing technology, is that one adds by continuous physical is stacked, successively increases the technology that 3D solid produced by material.Usually, 3D printer, built with the different printed material such as metal, pottery, plastics, sand, after printer is connected with computer, can be stacked up " printed material " by conputer controlled from level to level, finally the blueprint on computer is become in kind.
Different from traditional removal materials processing technology, 3D printing technique is without the need to proembryo and mould, just can directly according to computer graphics data, the object of any shape is produced by the method increasing material, effectively can simplify the manufacturing course of product, shorten the lead time of product, raise the efficiency and reduce costs.
The mode that 3D prints has a variety of, and wherein fused glass pellet (FDM) is modal a kind of 3D printing type in the market, and the innovation and development of its technology is fast, but its printed material that can use is less.In the technique of fused glass pellet, printed material is the key factor affecting technological development and end properties.
Common printed material has poly(lactic acid) (PLA), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), nylon (PA) etc.The shortcoming that these printed materials exist due to self, limits their application.The poor mechanical property of poly(lactic acid) and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, non-refractory.Polyvinyl alcohol is typically used as propping material.The mechanical property of nylon is good, but the pure PA63D printed material of at present domestic production, high, the easy alice of mold temperature, easy to crack, shrink large, water-intake rate is high, can not be used for 3D to print; And using more PA12 printed material, its goods use temperature is lower, mechanical property is poor; The nylon consumptive material kind of external production is more, but expensive, and can not to be used on the 3D printer of desktop level, multiplex on expensive technical grade 3D printer.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention solves is to provide a kind of nylon base material for 3D printing and preparation method thereof, and described nylon base material is easy to 3D and prints, and intensity is high, and toughness is strong.
The invention discloses a kind of nylon base material printed for 3D, comprise the component of following weight part:
60 ~ 95 parts of nylon resins;
5 ~ 40 parts of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymers;
5 ~ 20 parts of compatilizers;
0.2 ~ 1 part of oxidation inhibitor;
0.3 ~ 2 part of lubricant;
0.2 ~ 1 portion of nucleator.
Preferably, described nylon resin is one or more in nylon 6, nylon66 fiber, nylon 11, nylon 12 and nylon 1010.
Preferably, described compatilizer is one or more in styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, the acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer of maleic anhydride graft, Maleic Anhydride Grafted Ethylene Butyl Acrylate Copolymer and Ethylene-butyl Acrylate-methacrylic Acid Glycerin Ester Copolymer.
Preferably, described oxidation inhibitor is 3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzene propionyl-hexanediamine, four [β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-hydroxy phenyl) propionic acid] pentaerythritol ester, three [2,4-di-tert-butyl-phenyl] phosphorous acid ester, copper halide, potassiumiodide, 1,3,5-trimethylammonium-2,4,6-tri-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyl benzyl) benzene and 2, one or more in 2 '-methylene-bis (4-methyl-6-tert butyl-phenol) methane.
Preferably, described lubricant is one or more in ultra-high molecular weight polysiloxane, stearic acid, palmitinic acid, ethylene bis stearamide, stearic acid pentaerythritol ester, polyethylene wax and Zinic stearas.
Preferably, described nucleator is one or more in talcum powder, nano silicon, nano aluminium oxide, adipamide dimer, organic hypophosphite and nano calcium oxide.
Preferably, 65 ~ 80 parts of nylon resins are comprised; 10 ~ 40 parts of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymers.
Preferably, nylon resin 65 ~ 70 parts, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer 10 ~ 15 parts, compatilizer 5 ~ 15 parts, 0.2 ~ 0.8 part, oxidation inhibitor, lubricant 0.5 ~ 1 part, nucleator 0.2 ~ 0.8 part is comprised.
Preferably, nylon resin 72 ~ 85 parts, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer 20 ~ 30 parts, compatilizer 6 ~ 10 parts, 0.3 ~ 0.5 part, oxidation inhibitor, lubricant 1 ~ 2 part, nucleator 0.3 ~ 0.6 part is comprised.
The invention also discloses a kind of preparation method of the nylon base material for 3D printing, comprise the following steps:
After 60 ~ 95 weight part nylon resins and 5 ~ 40 parts by weight of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer drying, mix with 5 ~ 20 parts by weight of compatible agent, 0.2 ~ 1 weight part oxidation inhibitor, 0.3 ~ 2 weight part lubricant, 0.2 ~ 1 weight part nucleator, obtain mixture;
Described mixture is melt extruded, through aftertreatment, obtains the nylon base material printed for 3D.
Compared with prior art, nylon base material of the present invention, comprises the component of following weight part: 60 ~ 95 parts of nylon resins; 5 ~ 40 parts of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymers; 5 ~ 20 parts of compatilizers; 0.2 ~ 1 part of oxidation inhibitor; 0.3 ~ 2 part of lubricant; 0.2 ~ 1 portion of nucleator.The present invention with the nylon resin of high strength for base material, utilize ABS resin, compatilizer, lubricant and nucleator carry out modification to nylon resin, by regulate different ratio each composition between mutual synergy, improve the toughness of nylon resin, reduce frictional coefficient, obtain a kind of nylon base material being easy to 3D and printing.Show by experiment, the nylon base material that the present invention obtains, not only can successful Application in 3D printing, and have that intensity is high, good toughness, formed precision be high, smooth surface, easily go the advantages such as support.
Embodiment
In order to understand the present invention further, below in conjunction with embodiment, the preferred embodiment of the invention is described, but should be appreciated that these describe just for further illustrating the features and advantages of the present invention, instead of limiting to the claimed invention.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a kind of nylon base material printed for 3D, comprise the component of following weight part:
60 ~ 95 parts of nylon resins;
5 ~ 40 parts of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymers;
5 ~ 20 parts of compatilizers;
0.2 ~ 1 part of oxidation inhibitor;
0.3 ~ 2 part of lubricant;
0.2 ~ 1 portion of nucleator.
The present invention take nylon resin as body material, carries out modification by acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, compatilizer, oxidation inhibitor, lubricant and nucleator to nylon resin, and described several composition synergy, obtains the nylon base material being easy to 3D printing.The present invention is not particularly limited for the physical behavior of nylon base material, can be silk, particle or powder.
Described nylon resin is the one in engineering plastics, has the characteristics such as intensity is high, wear-resisting, self-lubricating, and its physical strength is higher than ABS and PLA being usually used in 3D printing, but pure nylon resin can not be used for 3D to be printed.Nylon resin of the present invention be preferably in nylon 6, nylon66 fiber, nylon 11, nylon 12 and nylon 1010 one or more.The present invention is not particularly limited for the source of described nylon resin, commercially available prod.In the present invention, comprise described nylon resin 60 ~ 95 weight part, be preferably 65 ~ 80 weight parts.Being 65 ~ 70 weight parts in certain embodiments, can also be 72 ~ 85 weight parts in certain embodiments.
The second-order transition temperature of described acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer is lower than nylon resin, and the interpolation of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer can improve the toughness of nylon base material.In the present invention, comprise described acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer 5 ~ 40 weight part, be preferably 10 ~ 40 weight parts, can be 10 ~ 15 weight parts in certain embodiments, can be 20 ~ 30 weight parts in other embodiment.The present invention is not particularly limited for the source of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, commercially available prod.
The effect of described compatilizer is that nylon resin and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer are better merged.It is preferably one or more in styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, the acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer of maleic anhydride graft, Maleic Anhydride Grafted Ethylene Butyl Acrylate Copolymer and Ethylene-butyl Acrylate-methacrylic Acid Glycerin Ester Copolymer.In the present invention, comprising 5 ~ 20 parts by weight of compatible agent, is 5 ~ 15 weight parts in certain embodiments, is 6 ~ 10 weight parts in certain embodiments, is 10 ~ 15 weight parts in other embodiment.
Described oxidation inhibitor is preferably 3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzene propionyl-hexanediamine, four [β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-hydroxy phenyl) propionic acid] pentaerythritol ester, three [2,4-di-tert-butyl-phenyl] phosphorous acid ester, copper halide, potassiumiodide, 1,3,5-trimethylammonium-2,4,6-tri-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyl benzyl) benzene and 2, one or more in 2 '-methylene-bis (4-methyl-6-tert butyl-phenol) methane.In the present invention, comprise 0.2 ~ 1 weight part oxidation inhibitor, comprise 0.2 ~ 0.8 weight part oxidation inhibitor in certain embodiments, comprise 0.3 ~ 0.5 weight part oxidation inhibitor in other embodiment.
Described lubricant can reduce the frictional coefficient of nylon base material, improves free-flowing property, avoids the material caused due to local superheating to decompose, improve visual appearance and the surface smoothness of goods, contribute to shower nozzle wire vent when 3D prints smooth and easy, the goods precision of printing is high, and surface quality is good.Described lubricant be preferably in ultra-high molecular weight polysiloxane, stearic acid, palmitinic acid, ethylene bis stearamide, stearic acid pentaerythritol ester, polyethylene wax and Zinic stearas one or more.In the present invention, comprise 0.3 ~ 2 weight part lubricant, comprise 0.5 ~ 1 weight part lubricant in certain embodiments; 1 ~ 2 weight part lubricant is comprised in other embodiment.
Described nucleator can promote the crystallization of nylon resin, improves physical strength and the dimensional stability of goods, reduces the shrinking percentage of moulded products, thus ensure that 3D prints goods mechanical strength and dimensional stability, improves precision.Described nucleator be preferably in talcum powder, nano silicon, nano aluminium oxide, adipamide dimer, organic hypophosphite and nano calcium oxide one or more.In the present invention, comprise 0.2 ~ 1 weight part nucleator, comprise 0.2 ~ 0.8 weight part nucleator in certain embodiments; In other embodiment, comprise 0.3 ~ 0.6 weight part nucleator.
The invention also discloses a kind of preparation method of the nylon base material for 3D printing, comprise the following steps:
After 60 ~ 95 weight part nylon resins and 5 ~ 40 parts by weight of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer drying, mix with 5 ~ 20 parts by weight of compatible agent, 0.2 ~ 1 weight part oxidation inhibitor, 0.3 ~ 2 weight part lubricant, 0.2 ~ 1 weight part nucleator, obtain mixture;
Described mixture is melt extruded, through aftertreatment, obtains the nylon base material printed for 3D.
The present invention is with nylon resin, and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), compatilizer, oxidation inhibitor, lubricant and nucleator are that nylon base material prepared by raw material.
The present invention for described raw material selection and add proportioning as previously mentioned, do not repeat them here.The present invention is for drying, and mixing and forming technique are not particularly limited, the technical scheme be known to the skilled person.The temperature of described drying is preferably 90 ~ 110 DEG C, and the time of described drying is 4 ~ 8 hours.
After extruding, through aftertreatment, obtain the nylon base material printed for 3D.
Described aftertreatment is preferably wire drawing, granulation or makes powder.The filate consumptive material string diameter obtained after described wire drawing has 1.75mm and 3mm two kinds of specifications respectively, and its precision is: wire diameter ± 0.05mm, circularity ± 0.05mm.
The method of described granulation is preferably: the silk material after wire drawing is introduced dicing machine, carries out granulation, and granular size is determined, generally between 0.5mm-5mm by the silk material diameter extruding wire drawing.
The described method making powder is preferably chilling fragmentation and dissolution with solvents is separated out, and the diameter of powder material is 10-100 micron (for the powder material that 3D prints, standard is 33 microns, but has certain distribution).
The present invention is not particularly limited for the physical behavior of the nylon base material obtained, and can be silk, particle or powder.
The present invention tests for the tensile strength of the nylon base material obtained, Young's modulus, flexural strength, modulus in flexure, shock strength and elongation at break.Result shows, the above-mentioned performance perameter of nylon base material of the present invention all than ABS and PLA material good.
In order to understand the present invention further, be described in detail to nylon base material provided by the invention and preparation method thereof below in conjunction with embodiment, protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the following examples.
Embodiment 1
Take nylon resin 2000g, ABS resin 400g, the acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer 200g of maleic anhydride graft, four [β-(3 respectively, 5-di-tert-butyl-hydroxy phenyl) propionic acid] pentaerythritol ester and three [2,4-di-tert-butyl-phenyl] phosphorous acid ester 7g, ultra-high molecular weight polysiloxane 26g, nano silicon 13g, put into high-speed mixer mixing 5min.Then extrude with screw extrusion press, shaping via wire-drawing shape equipment.Forcing machine processing temperature is 240 DEG C, and screw speed is 80 revs/min.Be coiled into the consumptive material of volume through vacuum-drying, sealing is preserved.
The performance test results sees the following form 1
The performance perameter of the nylon base material that table 1 embodiment 1 obtains
Embodiment 2
Take the acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer compatilizer 200g, 3 of nylon resin 2000g, ABS resin 600g, maleic anhydride graft respectively, 5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzene propionyl-hexanediamine and three [2,4-di-tert-butyl-phenyl] phosphorous acid ester 10g, stearic acid 28g, nano aluminium oxide 14g, put into high-speed mixer mixing 5min.Then extrude with screw extrusion press, shaping via wire-drawing shape equipment.Forcing machine processing temperature is 240 DEG C, and screw speed is 80 revs/min.
Be coiled into the consumptive material of volume through vacuum-drying, sealing is preserved.
The performance test results sees the following form 2
The performance perameter of the nylon base material that table 2 embodiment 2 obtains
Embodiment 3
Take nylon resin 2000g, ABS resin 800g, styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer compatilizer 200g, 3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzene propionyl-hexanediamine 15g, polyethylene wax 30g, nano calcium oxide 15g respectively, put into high-speed mixer mixing 5min.Then extrude with screw extrusion press, shaping via wire-drawing shape equipment.Forcing machine processing temperature is 240 DEG C, and screw speed is 80 revs/min.Be coiled into the consumptive material of volume through vacuum-drying, sealing is preserved.
The performance test results sees the following form 3
The performance perameter of the nylon base material that table 3 embodiment 3 obtains
Table 4 is usually used in ABS and the PLA performance perameter that 3D prints
Known by the data of table 1 ~ table 4, nylon base material of the present invention is easy to 3D and prints, and intensity is high, and toughness is strong.
The explanation of above embodiment just understands method of the present invention and core concept thereof for helping.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, can also carry out some improvement and modification to the present invention, these improve and modify and also fall in the protection domain of the claims in the present invention.
To the above-mentioned explanation of the disclosed embodiments, professional and technical personnel in the field are realized or uses the present invention.To be apparent for those skilled in the art to the multiple amendment of these embodiments, General Principle as defined herein can without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention, realize in other embodiments.Therefore, the present invention can not be restricted to these embodiments shown in this article, but will meet the widest scope consistent with principle disclosed herein and features of novelty.
Claims (10)
1., for the nylon base material that 3D prints, comprise the component of following weight part:
60 ~ 95 parts of nylon resins;
5 ~ 40 parts of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymers;
5 ~ 20 parts of compatilizers;
0.2 ~ 1 part of oxidation inhibitor;
0.3 ~ 2 part of lubricant;
0.2 ~ 1 portion of nucleator.
2. nylon base material according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described nylon resin is one or more in nylon 6, nylon66 fiber, nylon 11, nylon 12 and nylon 1010.
3. nylon base material according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described compatilizer is one or more in styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, the acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer of maleic anhydride graft, Maleic Anhydride Grafted Ethylene Butyl Acrylate Copolymer and Ethylene-butyl Acrylate-methacrylic Acid Glycerin Ester Copolymer.
4. nylon base material according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described oxidation inhibitor is 3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzene propionyl-hexanediamine, four [β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-hydroxy phenyl) propionic acid] pentaerythritol ester, three [2,4-di-tert-butyl-phenyl] phosphorous acid ester, copper halide, potassiumiodide, 1,3,5-trimethylammonium-2,4,6-tri-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyl benzyl) benzene and 2, one or more in 2 '-methylene-bis (4-methyl-6-tert butyl-phenol) methane.
5. nylon base material according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described lubricant is one or more in ultra-high molecular weight polysiloxane, stearic acid, palmitinic acid, ethylene bis stearamide, stearic acid pentaerythritol ester, polyethylene wax and Zinic stearas.
6. nylon base material according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described nucleator is one or more in talcum powder, nano silicon, nano aluminium oxide, adipamide dimer, organic hypophosphite and nano calcium oxide.
7. nylon base material according to claim 6, is characterized in that, comprises 65 ~ 80 parts of nylon resins; 10 ~ 40 parts of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymers.
8. the nylon base material according to claim 1 ~ 7 any one, it is characterized in that, comprise nylon resin 65 ~ 70 parts, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer 10 ~ 15 parts, compatilizer 5 ~ 15 parts, 0.2 ~ 0.8 part, oxidation inhibitor, lubricant 0.5 ~ 1 part, nucleator 0.2 ~ 0.8 part.
9. the nylon base material according to Claims 1 to 5 any one, it is characterized in that, comprise nylon resin 72 ~ 85 parts, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer 20 ~ 30 parts, compatilizer 6 ~ 10 parts, 0.3 ~ 0.5 part, oxidation inhibitor, lubricant 1 ~ 2 part, nucleator 0.3 ~ 0.6 part.
10., for a preparation method for the nylon base material of 3D printing, comprise the following steps:
After 60 ~ 95 weight part nylon resins and 5 ~ 40 parts by weight of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer drying, mix with 5 ~ 20 parts by weight of compatible agent, 0.2 ~ 1 weight part oxidation inhibitor, 0.3 ~ 2 weight part lubricant, 0.2 ~ 1 weight part nucleator, obtain mixture;
Described mixture is melt extruded, through aftertreatment, obtains the nylon base material printed for 3D.
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