CN104496535A - Foamed ceramic mainly prepared from silica sand tailing and fly ash and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Foamed ceramic mainly prepared from silica sand tailing and fly ash and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104496535A CN104496535A CN201510000877.5A CN201510000877A CN104496535A CN 104496535 A CN104496535 A CN 104496535A CN 201510000877 A CN201510000877 A CN 201510000877A CN 104496535 A CN104496535 A CN 104496535A
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- flyash
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high-porosity foamed ceramic mainly prepared from silica sand tailing and fly ash and a preparation method thereof. The foamed ceramic is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 25-45% of silica sand or quartz sand tailing, 40-60% of fly ash and 15-20% of additive; and the additive comprises 5-10% of sintering assistant, 5-10% of foaming agent and 2.5-5% of adhesive. The preparation method comprises the following steps: weighing the substances according to the designed formula, carrying out ball milling, screening, and adding the adhesive to prepare the admixture; and pressing the admixture into block billets, sintering, and cooling to obtain the high-porosity foamed ceramic. The density of the foamed ceramic is 0.59-0.73 g/cm<3>, the porosity is 65.7-69.8%, the bending strength is 4.0-4.7 MPa, the compression strength is 10.9-12.9 MPa, the acid resistance is 98.1-98.3%, and the alkali resistance is 99.1-99.4%. The foamed ceramic can be used as a building material with the functions of heat shielding, thermal insulation, sound insulation and fire resistance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of with silica sand mine tailing and flyash high porosity foamed ceramics that is main raw material and preparation method thereof, belong to resource, environment, novel material multi-crossed disciplines technical field.
Technical background
China is sheet glass big producing country, and output ranks first in the world always.The main raw material producing sheet glass is silica sand or quartz sand, the SiO introduced by silica sand or quartz sand
2account for more than 70% of sheet glass weight.Along with the development of glass industry, the construction in siliceous raw material base also achieves significant progress.At some SiO
2resourceful area has built up quartz sand or silica sand dressing-works successively, the main refining SiO produced for glass industry
2raw material.Due to the silica powder of particulate enters after stove can etch refractory materials, reduce the life-span of melting furnaces, affect the uniformity coefficient of admixtion, also can bring the unfavorable factors such as blocking checker brick passage simultaneously, therefore the granularity requirements of glass industry to quartz sand or silica sand is: the granule content between 0.125 ~ 0.71mm is greater than 95%, and the silica powder content being less than 0. 125 mm is less than 5%.This granularity requirements must cause producing a large amount of quartz sand or silica sand mine tailing.Meanwhile, the many places of China for raw ore, adopt fragmentation-grinding-screening-deferrization process to produce quartz sand or silica sand raw material with quartzite, vein quartz.According to statistics, the quartz sand produced for raw ore with quartzite, vein quartz of China or silica sand reach 4,000,000 tons/year, the quartz sand of generation or silica sand mine tailing about 1,000,000 tons/year.Except flat glass industry, domestic glass, pottery, cement, refractories industry also will use a large amount of quartz sand or silica sand raw material.In the course of processing of quartz sand or silica sand raw material, also produce a large amount of mine tailing.These tailings are except a small amount of raw material being used as water glass and pottery, and major part does not obtain Appropriate application, both taken a large amount of soil, increased enterprise's maintenance cost, also severe contamination air and waters.
Flyash is a kind of pozzolanic materials, is mainly derived from the residue in fuel-burning power plant after coal burning.There are abundant coal resources in China, the development of power industry, remains the thermal power generation based on fire coal.Due to the continuous increase of coal unit, power plant's scale constantly expands, and result in the sharp increase of flyash quantity discharged.Some researchs show, have the material such as heavy metal, compound that more than 20 kind harmful to environmental and human health impacts, comprising causing nervous system injury, the physiological defect even heavy metal of cancer in flyash.If a large amount of flyash is not processed, can airborne dust be produced, atmosphere pollution, very large to human health damage; Entering river course water system then can cause river to silt up, and polluted water, works the mischief to human body and biology.
In the development research of quartz sand or the industrial solid waste residue such as silica sand CHARACTERISTICS OF TAILINGS SAND and flyash, publication number is disclose a kind of haydite utilizing quartz sand mine tailing and mud to make and preparation method thereof in the Chinese patent of CN 103864404A, this patent mainly utilizes quartz sand mine tailing, mud, river bottom mud and auxiliary to make haydite, the amount of quoting (mass percent) 20 ~ 30% of quartz sand ore tailings, sintering temperature is up to 1100 ~ 1500 DEG C.Publication number is disclose a kind of method utilizing solid waste to prepare foam ceramic self-insulation wall material in the Chinese patent of CN103396150A, this patent mainly utilizes chromium slag, flyash, ceramic polished waste residue, albite, foam ceramic thermal insulation materials for wall prepared by wilkinite and admixture, and its sintering process need be carried out under reducing atmosphere, complex process, and the utilization not relating to quartz sand or silica sand mine tailing.Be disclose a kind of light floamed ceramic building board and preparation method thereof in the Chinese patent of CN 101434475 B at publication number, this patent mainly utilizes flyash, china clay, foam material, feldspar and lithionite stone to prepare light floamed ceramic building board.Its preparation process will carry out deironing and 12 ~ 24 hours ripenings to raw material in early stage, and also will divide nine sections in the later stage and carry out anneal to finished product, the preparation process cycle is oversize.This patent does not relate to the utilization of quartz sand or silica sand mine tailing yet.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of with quartz sand or silica sand tailings and flyash Light foam ceramic material for building that is main raw material and preparation method thereof.Mainly consisting of of this foamed ceramics: quartz sand or silica sand ore deposit tail 25 ~ 45%, flyash 40 ~ 60% and additive 15 ~ 20%.Wherein, the sintering aid 5 ~ 10% in additive, whipping agent 5 ~ 10%, binding agent 2.5 ~ 5%, be mass percent.Sintering aid is borax (also claiming sodium tetraborate), and whipping agent is calcium carbonate, and binding agent is water glass, and water glass plays suds-stabilizing agent effect simultaneously.
The present invention solves its technical problem and adopts following technical scheme:
1, take industrial residue as the high porosity light floamed ceramic of main raw material, it is characterized in that the main composition (mass percent, wt%) of this foamed ceramics is: quartz sand or silica sand ore deposit mine tailing 25 ~ 45%, flyash 40 ~ 60% and additive 15 ~ 20%.
2, with the main raw material high porosity light floamed ceramic that industrial residue is, it is characterized in that in the additive that this foamed ceramics is used, sintering aid is 5 ~ 10%, whipping agent is 5 ~ 10%, binding agent is 2.5 ~ 5%, be the percentage ratio of total mass.Wherein, sintering aid is borax (also claiming sodium tetraborate), and whipping agent is calcium carbonate, and binding agent is water glass, and water glass plays suds-stabilizing agent effect simultaneously.
3, take industrial residue as the preparation method of high porosity light floamed ceramic of main raw material, comprise the following steps:
The first step: prepared by raw material
Respectively quartz sand (silica sand) ore deposit tail, flyash and additive are put into planetary ball mill ball milling.Quartz sand (silica sand) ore deposit tailings, flyash and additive after ball milling is crossed 200 ~ 300 mesh sieves respectively, for subsequent use.
Second step: batching, base
By component design, precise quartz sand (silica sand) ore deposit tailings, flyash and each raw material of additive, be uniformly mixed, make admixtion.Obtained admixtion is put into stainless steel mould and is pressed into block base substrate.Forming pressure is 6 ~ 12MPa.
3rd step: dry
The base substrate suppressed is put into loft drier, fully dry at the temperature of 100 DEG C, the moisture in base substrate is evaporated, and there is certain intensity.Described intensity refers to and ensures that base substrate transports the intensity caused required for sintering oven.
4th step: fire
Dried base substrate DEG C to be sintered from room temperature to 1050 ~ 1100 with the temperature rise rate of 3 ~ 8 DEG C/minute in sintering oven, and be incubated 1 ~ 3 hour at a sintering temperature, then cool to room temperature with the furnace, namely can obtain with quartz sand (silica sand) ore deposit tailings is the high porosity light floamed ceramic of main raw material.
The high porosity foamed ceramics that the present invention is main raw material with silica sand mine tailing and flyash, it mainly consists of quartz sand or silica sand mine tailing and flyash, and the total mass percent of two kinds of waste residues reaches 80 ~ 85%.The primary chemical of quartz sand or silica sand mine tailing consists of SiO
2, simultaneously containing a small amount of Al
2o
3, TiO
2, Fe
2o
3, FeO, MgO, CaO, Na
2o, K
2the compositions such as O.The main composition of flyash comprises SiO
2, Al
2o
3, Na
2o, simultaneously containing Fe
2o
3, CaO, MnO, MgO, K
2o, TiO
2, P
2o
5deng composition.In above-mentioned composition, SiO
2, Al
2o
3composition plays skeleton function in foam materials, can give the excellent mechanical property of foam materials, thermal property and chemical stability.Usually, SiO in material
2, Al
2o
3content is higher, then its intensity is higher, thermal expansivity is lower, chemical stability is better.But SiO in material
2, Al
2o
3content is higher, then required sintering temperature is also high, therefore, needs to design suitable SiO
2, Al
2o
3content.CaO in quartz sand or silica sand mine tailing and flyash is usually with CaCO
3form exists, with additional CaCO
3together as the whipping agent of foamed ceramics.In addition, CaO, MgO, Na
2o, K
2the alkaline-earth metal such as O and alkalimetal oxide are excellent sintering aids, greatly can reduce the sintering temperature of foamed ceramics.Meanwhile, CaO, MgO, Na
2o, K
2o and SiO
2, Al
2o
3there is chemical reaction, generate silicate, aluminate melt, and then form glassy phase.On the one hand, the formation of silicate, aluminate can to Na
+, K
+ion and heavy metal ion play " constraint " effect, and in the use procedure of material, these bound alkalimetal ions and heavy metal ion are difficult to discharge, thus can solve alkalization of soils and heavy-metal pollution problem; On the other hand, gas wrapping can be lived again by the formation of glassy phase, forms vesicular structure, and can, by poisonous and harmful component sealing, make the foam ceramic material obtained not produce secondary pollution.The TiO existed in waste residue
2, Fe
2o
3, FeO, MnO, P
2o
5etc. being prepare the dispensable composition of foam materials, in sintering process, it can be made to participate in the formation of foamed ceramics, thus reduce the relative cost of raw material.
Due to CaO, MgO, Na that silica sand mine tailing and flyash are introduced
2o, K
2o is not enough, therefore, introducing portion borax (also claiming sodium tetraborate) as sintering aid, to reduce the sintering temperature of foamed ceramics.Meanwhile, introducing portion calcium carbonate, together with the calcium carbonate that silica sand mine tailing and flyash are introduced, as whipping agent.Introduce water glass as binding agent and suds-stabilizing agent, give foamed ceramics base substrate particle bond intensity before sintering on the one hand, the stability of bubble can be improved on the other hand, be conducive to the formation of even pore in foamed ceramics.
The foamed ceramics obtained by patent system of the present invention, principal crystalline phase is lime feldspar (CaAl
2si
2o
8), also have a small amount of mullite (mullite, 3Al in addition
2o
32SiO
2), corundum (Al
2o
3) and CaAl
2si
2o
8crystal and a certain amount of glassy phase.The density of foamed ceramics is 0.59 ~ 0.73g/cm
3, void content 65.7 ~ 69.8%, bending strength 4.0 ~ 4.7MPa, ultimate compression strength 10.9 ~ 12.9MPa, acid resistance 98.1 ~ 98.3%, alkali resistance 99.1 ~ 99.4%, there is the features such as waste residue utilization rate is high, technique is simple, equipment requirements is low, cost is low, product strength is high, density is low, void content is large, non-secondary pollution, being particularly suitable for as having paste layer and material inside and outside heat insulation, insulation, sound insulation, the buildings top layer of fire-proof function, indoor non-bearing body of wall and buildings.
Compared with the prior art, feature of the present invention is:
1) usage quantity of the present invention to industrial residue quartz sand or silica sand mine tailing and flyash is large, reaches as high as 85%, can effectively utilize quartz sand industrial residue, reduce by two kinds of waste residues to appropriation of land, alleviate the environmental problem that it causes.
2) foamed ceramics that this invention is obtained, its firing temperature low (1050 ~ 1100 DEG C), firing period is short, energy consumption is low, and preparation technology is simple, and equipment requirements is low.
3) void content of the foamed ceramics obtained by the present invention reaches more than 65%, and volume density is less than 0.75g/cm
3, even air hole distribution, aperture is moderate, and density is little, and thermal conductivity is low, and intensity is high, has excellent heat-insulation and heat-preservation soundproof effect.
4) foamed ceramics obtained by the present invention is through high temperature sintering, and the extensive chemical between composition combines, and toxic substance is cured, and therefore this foamed ceramics has fire-proof function, and chemical stability is good, does not produce secondary pollution in use procedure.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The XRD figure of the foamed ceramics of Fig. 1 prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 2;
The sectional view of the foamed ceramics of Fig. 2 prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1,2.
XRD diffracting spectrum is known as shown in Figure 1, and the principal crystalline phase in the foamed ceramics prepared by the method is lime feldspar (CaAl
2si
2o
8), also have a small amount of mullite (mullite, 3Al in addition
2o
32SiO
2), corundum (Al
2o
3) and CaAl
2si
2o
8, crystalline phase and a certain amount of glassy phase; As shown in Figure 2, separate between pore, form hole of holding one's breath of uniform size.
Specific embodiments
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention will be further described in detail, but do not limit scope.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of take industrial residue as high porosity light floamed ceramic of main raw material and preparation method thereof, foamed ceramics mainly consist of quartz sand or silica sand mine tailing 40%, flyash 40% and additive 20%.Wherein in additive, borax (also claiming sodium tetraborate) is 10%, calcium carbonate is 5%, water glass is 5%.
Precise silica sand or quartz sand ore tail, flyash, sintering aid, whipping agent, put into planetary ball mill ball milling, and mixing and ball milling material is crossed 200 ~ 300 mesh sieves, for subsequent use.Add binding agent in powder after sizing, mix, make admixtion.Obtained admixtion is put into stainless steel mould and is pressed into block base substrate.Forming pressure is 12MPa.The base substrate suppressed is put into air seasoning 1 hour or put into constant temperature at the loft drier of 100 DEG C dry 0.5 hour.Dried base substrate is put into sintering oven sinter, wherein temperature rise rate was 5 DEG C/min, sintering temperature 1080 DEG C, top temperature heat preservation sintering 2 hours.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of take industrial residue as high porosity light floamed ceramic of main raw material and preparation method thereof, foamed ceramics mainly consist of quartz sand or silica sand mine tailing 30%, flyash 50%, and additive 20%.Wherein in additive, borax (also claiming sodium tetraborate) is 7.5%, calcium carbonate is 10%, water glass is 2.5%.
Precise silica sand or quartz sand ore tail, flyash, sintering aid, whipping agent, put into planetary ball mill ball milling, and mixing and ball milling material is crossed 200 ~ 300 mesh sieves, for subsequent use.Add binding agent in powder after sizing, mix, make admixtion.Obtained admixtion is put into stainless steel mould and is pressed into block base substrate.Forming pressure is 10MPa.The base substrate suppressed is put into constant temperature at the loft drier of 100 DEG C dry 1 hour.Dried base substrate is put into sintering oven sinter, wherein temperature rise rate was 8 DEG C/min, sintering temperature 1080 DEG C, top temperature heat preservation sintering 1 hour.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of take industrial residue as high porosity light floamed ceramic of main raw material and preparation method thereof, foamed ceramics mainly consist of quartz sand or silica sand mine tailing 25%, flyash 60%, additive 15%.Wherein in additive, borax (also claiming sodium tetraborate) is 5%, calcium carbonate is 5%, water glass is 5%.
Precise silica sand or quartz sand ore tail, flyash, sintering aid, whipping agent, put into planetary ball mill ball milling, and mixing and ball milling material is crossed 200 ~ 300 mesh sieves, for subsequent use.Add binding agent in powder after sizing, mix, make admixtion.Obtained admixtion is put into stainless steel mould and is pressed into block base substrate.Forming pressure is 8MPa.The base substrate suppressed is put into constant temperature at the loft drier of 100 DEG C dry 1 hour.Dried base substrate is put into sintering oven sinter, wherein temperature rise rate was 3 DEG C/min, sintering temperature 1100 DEG C, top temperature heat preservation sintering 1 hour.
Embodiment 4:
A kind of take industrial residue as high porosity light floamed ceramic of main raw material and preparation method thereof, foamed ceramics mainly consist of quartz sand or silica sand mine tailing 45%, flyash 37%, and additive 15%.Wherein in additive, borax (also claiming sodium tetraborate) is 10%, calcium carbonate is 5%, water glass is 3%.
Precise silica sand or quartz sand ore tail, flyash, sintering aid, whipping agent, put into planetary ball mill ball milling, and mixing and ball milling material is crossed 200 ~ 300 mesh sieves, for subsequent use.Add binding agent in powder after sizing, mix, make admixtion.Obtained admixtion is put into stainless steel mould and is pressed into block base substrate.Forming pressure is 6MPa.The base substrate suppressed is put into air seasoning 2 hours.Dried base substrate is put into sintering oven sinter, wherein temperature rise rate was 5 DEG C/min, sintering temperature 1080 DEG C, top temperature heat preservation sintering 3 hours.
Embodiment 5:
A kind of take industrial residue as high porosity light floamed ceramic of main raw material and preparation method thereof, foamed ceramics mainly consist of quartz sand or silica sand mine tailing 25%, flyash 55%, and additive 20%.Wherein in additive, borax (also claiming sodium tetraborate) is 10%, calcium carbonate is 5%, water glass is 5%.
Precise silica sand or quartz sand ore tail, flyash, sintering aid, whipping agent, put into planetary ball mill ball milling, and mixing and ball milling material is crossed 200 ~ 300 mesh sieves, for subsequent use.Add binding agent in powder after sizing, mix, make admixtion.Obtained admixtion is put into stainless steel mould and is pressed into block base substrate.Forming pressure is 8MPa.The base substrate suppressed is put into air seasoning 3 hours.Dried base substrate is put into sintering oven sinter, wherein temperature rise rate was 5 DEG C/min, sintering temperature 1050 DEG C, top temperature heat preservation sintering 2 hours.
The performance of the foamed ceramics that each embodiment obtains is in table 1.
The performance of the foamed ceramics that each embodiment of table 1 obtains
Claims (3)
1. with the high porosity foamed ceramics that silica sand mine tailing and flyash are main raw material, it is characterized in that the mass percent of foamed ceramics consists of: quartz sand or silica sand mine tailing 25 ~ 45%, flyash 40 ~ 60% and additive 15 ~ 20%.
2. the high porosity foamed ceramics being main raw material with silica sand mine tailing and flyash as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the mass percent accounting for total mass of each material of described additive is: sintering aid 5 ~ 10%, whipping agent 5 ~ 10%, binding agent 2.5 ~ 5%, wherein, sintering aid is borax, whipping agent is calcium carbonate, and binding agent is water glass.
3., as claimed in claim 1 or 2 with a preparation method for silica sand mine tailing and the flyash high porosity foamed ceramics that is main raw material, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
The first step: prepared by raw material
Precise silica sand or quartz sand ore tail, flyash, sintering aid, whipping agent, put into planetary ball mill ball milling, and mixing and ball milling material is crossed 200 ~ 300 mesh sieves, for subsequent use;
Second step: batching, base
Add binding agent in powder after sizing, mix, make admixtion, obtained admixtion is put into stainless steel mould and is pressed into block base substrate, forming pressure is 6 ~ 12MPa;
3rd step: dry
The base substrate suppressed is put into air seasoning 1 ~ 6 hour or put into constant temperature at the loft drier of 100 DEG C dry 0.5 ~ 1 hour, the moisture in base substrate is evaporated, and give base substrate and transport the intensity caused required for sintering oven;
4th step: fire
By dried base substrate in sintering oven with the temperature rise rate of 3 ~ 8 DEG C/minute from room temperature to 1050 ~ 1100 DEG C, sinter, and be incubated 1 ~ 3 hour at a sintering temperature, then room temperature is cooled to the furnace, high strength, high porosity foamed ceramics that namely can to obtain with silica sand mine tailing and flyash be main raw material.
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|---|---|---|---|
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510000877.5A CN104496535B (en) | 2015-01-04 | 2015-01-04 | Using silica sand mine tailing and flyash as foamed ceramics of primary raw material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN104496535B CN104496535B (en) | 2018-02-13 |
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| CN107115768A (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2017-09-01 | 华北电力大学 | A kind of fume-dehydrating ceramic film preparation method using flyash as primary raw material |
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| CN111233334A (en) * | 2020-02-25 | 2020-06-05 | 内蒙古工业大学 | Preparation method of anorthite-quartz-glass phase multiphase ceramic |
| CN111233334B (en) * | 2020-02-25 | 2022-05-17 | 内蒙古工业大学 | Preparation method of anorthite-quartz-glass phase multiphase ceramic |
| CN111320489A (en) * | 2020-03-04 | 2020-06-23 | 中南大学 | Solid waste based high-strength foamed ceramic and preparation method thereof |
| CN113121257A (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2021-07-16 | 烟台大学 | Ultra-light full-closed-cell foamed ceramic with compact surface and low-temperature firing method thereof |
| CN113321489A (en) * | 2021-07-03 | 2021-08-31 | 航天神禾(北京)环保有限公司 | Method and system for preparing ceramic by using fly ash and ceramic product |
| CN113321489B (en) * | 2021-07-03 | 2022-03-11 | 航天神禾(北京)环保有限公司 | Method and system for preparing ceramic by using fly ash and ceramic product |
| CN113336528A (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2021-09-03 | 蚌埠学院 | Foamed ceramic material taking quartz sand tailings as raw material and preparation method thereof |
| CN113336528B (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2022-12-09 | 蚌埠学院 | Foamed ceramic material taking quartz sand tailings as raw material and preparation method thereof |
| CN115180921A (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2022-10-14 | 桂林理工大学 | Preparation method and application of sound-absorbing foamed ceramic |
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