CN104490443A - 一种股动脉压迫止血装置 - Google Patents

一种股动脉压迫止血装置 Download PDF

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CN104490443A
CN104490443A CN201410853155.XA CN201410853155A CN104490443A CN 104490443 A CN104490443 A CN 104490443A CN 201410853155 A CN201410853155 A CN 201410853155A CN 104490443 A CN104490443 A CN 104490443A
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王毅
张磊
周云华
桂琳君
孙云
汪玲玲
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Wuhan Greenovo Biotechnology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种股动脉压迫止血装置，至少包括止血单元和固定单元，止血单元包括加压旋钮、与加压旋钮螺纹连接的套壳、以及与加压旋钮底面连接的压迫垫，固定单元包括支撑稳定杆、固定在支撑稳定杆上的尾翼、位于支撑稳定杆下方的腿部支撑板和固定带，支撑稳定杆与腿部支撑板通过固定带连接，支撑稳定杆垂直于加压旋钮，一端连接尾翼，另一端与套壳螺纹连接；所述压迫垫包括基垫、血管压迫垫和止血敷料，血管压迫垫和止血敷料一左一右固定在基垫的底面上，血管压迫垫紧靠于止血敷料，止血敷料的面积大血管压迫垫的面积，血管压迫垫高度不小于止血敷料的高度；该止血装置止血效率高、能稳定固定在人体腿部穿刺点处、可减轻腿部所受压迫力。

Description

一种股动脉压迫止血装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种医疗止血器，具体涉及一种用于股动脉的一次性压迫止血器，属于医疗器械技术领域。
背景技术
介入手术已经是心脏内科、神经内科等医疗科室的常规治疗手段，介入手术的优点在于医生可在不使用全身麻醉剂或不需要开刀手术的情况下进入患者身体内进行治疗。在通常情况下，介入诊断和治疗的手术，尤其是神经内外科的介入手术，是通过患者的股动脉通路来实现的，股动脉通路的介入手术具有成功率高，手术操作难度低等优点，但由于股动脉的血管较粗，血压高，因而术后的动脉完全止血是具有挑战性的。
通常介入手术完成，导管去除后，由医生或医疗专业人员在动脉导管穿刺点处施加压力以实现止血和动脉穿刺点的闭合，止血和动脉穿刺点闭合需要持续稳定的压力，一般初期给予的压力较高，经过一段时间后，需要逐渐降低压力，使血管下游组织得到丰富的血供。通常股动脉穿刺点止血主要通过医护人员手工按压或施加绷带加压止血，但极耗费医护人员体力和时间，而且在实施加压包扎时，国内医生使用的材料也不尽相同，如使用通用绷带需"十"字形缠绕夺权才能有效，而且绷带会勒紧皮肤，造成患者皮肉疼痛，也有用宽而长的医用胶布"十"字交叉粘贴，但较多的患者存在胶布过敏情况。同时医生限于无专用器材，只好自制"加压物"垫于穿刺点上，使加压压力能够集中于穿刺点。但问题在于，其一，自制的加压物大小质量不一，很难保证止血作用:其二，过大的加压物还会压迫相邻的股静脉，引起静脉回流障碍甚至血栓形成，材料的不统一和非专用器材的应用，使包扎止血的效果和质量无法保证，其三，绷带或胶布加压前均需要医护人员手工压迫10～30分钟，耗时耗力。
现有的机械加压设备一般通过气囊或者旋钮进行充气或者推进加压，可以减轻医护人员的体力，提高止血效率，但该类设备存在3个显著问题，一是止血效果较差，止血成功率没有手工按压高，渗血情况较多；二是只能压住皮肤穿刺点，无法压住血管穿刺口，撤除加压装置后，皮内血肿较多；三是加压力度不稳定，容易随着病人腿部的转动而产生位移，从而导致加压压力偏移穿刺点。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于解决现有技术的不足，并提供一种止血效率高、能稳定固定在人体腿部穿刺点处、可减轻腿部所受压迫力的止血装置。
实现本发明目的所采用的技术方案为，一种股动脉压迫止血装置，至少包括止血单元和固定单元，止血单元包括加压旋钮，套设在加压旋钮上并且与加压旋钮螺纹连接的套壳，以及与加压旋钮底面活动连接的压迫垫，固定单元与套壳连接，所述固定单元包括支撑稳定杆、固定在支撑稳定杆上的尾翼、位于支撑稳定杆下方的腿部支撑板和固定带，支撑稳定杆与腿部支撑板通过固定带连接，支撑稳定杆垂直于加压旋钮，一端连接尾翼，另一端与套壳螺纹连接；所述压迫垫包括基垫、血管压迫垫和止血敷料，血管压迫垫和止血敷料一左一右固定在基垫的底面上，血管压迫垫紧靠于止血敷料，止血敷料的面积大血管压迫垫的面积，血管压迫垫高度不小于止血敷料的高度。
压迫垫与加压旋钮之间设有卡扣，卡扣呈柱状，其上端位于加压旋钮中并且可沿加压旋钮的中轴线转动，卡扣的底面与基垫的上表面固连，卡扣位于血管压迫垫和止血敷料接触面的上方。
所述尾翼呈蝶形，尾翼的两翼向下弯曲呈弧形，弯曲弧度与股动脉所在腿部的周向曲线相吻合，尾翼的中部通过销轴水平固定在支撑稳定杆端部的下表面上。
所述支撑稳定杆沿轴向向下略微弯曲呈弧形，弧形形状与股动脉所在腿部的轴线弧线相吻合，支撑稳定杆的上表面和腿部支撑板的下表面上均设有用于固定放置固定带的凹槽。
所述腿部支撑板的形状与股动脉所在腿部的背面形状相吻合。
支撑稳定杆的上表面和腿部支撑板的下表面上均设有用于固定放置固定带的凹槽。
所述套壳的上端设有用于手指捏持的拔管手持位。
所述套壳上与支撑稳定杆连接部分相对的部位设有透明板，透明板上刻有刻度。
所述加压旋钮的中部设有零位线。
所述基垫和血管压迫垫均为硅胶垫，基垫和血管压迫垫固连为一体构成硅胶台阶。
所述止血敷料为含有止血药物的冻干海绵。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果为：
1、止血单元固定在腿部后，通过调节加压旋钮可为穿刺点提供连续、可调的压力，从而实现压迫止血，压迫垫与加压旋钮通过卡扣活动连接，使得压迫垫加压固定后，加压旋钮可旋转，便于医护人员拔除穿刺管。
2、套壳的上端设有用于手指捏持的拔管手持位，便于医护人员拔管时对穿刺口的按压；套壳上与支撑稳定杆连接部分相对的部位设有带刻度的透明板，加压旋钮的中部设有零位线，可通过刻度确定加压旋钮的旋进程度，控制压迫力大小，提高止血效率；
3、压迫垫上粘附止血敷料，止血敷料为含有止血药物的冻干海绵，具有良好的吸水效果，压迫时止血敷料直接接触穿刺口，从而对穿刺口及穿刺通道进行封堵和止血，减少穿刺点出血几率，从而解决了穿刺点容易渗血的问题；
4、压迫垫为非对称结构，一边为止血敷料，一边为血管压迫垫，卡扣位于血管压迫垫和止血敷料接触面的上方，血管压迫垫施加的压迫力可直接压迫血管穿刺口，并且加压旋钮的加压力度可以主要集中在血管压迫垫，由于血管压迫垫高度不小于止血敷料的高度，从而使压力进一步集中在血管压迫垫，促使血管穿刺口封闭；
5、支撑稳定杆、尾翼和腿部支撑板均与腿部的结构相吻合，使固定单元稳定固定在腿部并且不易与腿部产生相对位移；支撑稳定杆以使固定带的加压压力更好集中于前部加压旋钮；尾翼呈蝶形，与腿部有较大的接触面积，可以显著分散压迫力，从而减少止血装置对静脉的压迫，不影响血液回流，尾翼同时起稳定支撑稳定杆的作用。
附图说明
图1为本发明提供的止血装置的结构示意图。
图2为止血单元的结构示意图。
图3为尾翼的结构示意图。
其中，1-加压旋钮，11-零位线，2-套壳，21-拔管手持位，3-压迫垫，31-硅胶台阶，311-血管压迫垫，312-基垫，32-止血敷料，4-腿部支撑板，5-尾翼，6-支撑稳定杆，7-固定带，8-透明板，81-刻度，9-销轴，10-卡扣。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进行详细具体说明。
本发明提供的股动脉压迫止血装置，其结构如图1和图2所示，包括止血单元和固定单元，止血单元包括加压旋钮1，套设在加压旋钮上并且与加压旋钮螺纹连接的套壳2，以及与加压旋钮底面活动连接的压迫垫3，套壳的上端设有用于手指捏持的拔管手持位21，所述固定单元包括支撑稳定杆6、固定在支撑稳定杆上的尾翼5、位于支撑稳定杆下方的腿部支撑板4和固定带7，支撑稳定杆6与腿部支撑板4通过固定带7连接，支撑稳定杆沿轴向向下略微弯折呈弧形，弧形形状与股动脉所在腿部的轴线弧线相吻合，支撑稳定杆6垂直于加压旋钮1，一端连接尾翼5，另一端与套壳2螺纹连接，尾翼的结构如图3所示，尾翼呈蝶形，尾翼的两翼向下弯曲呈弧形，弯曲弧度与股动脉所在腿部的周向曲线相吻合，尾翼的中部通过销轴9水平固定在支撑稳定杆端部的下表面上，腿部支撑板的形状与股动脉所在腿部的背面形状相吻合，腿部支撑板的下表面和支撑稳定杆的上表面上均设有用于固定放置固定带的凹槽；所述套壳上与支撑稳定杆连接部分相对的部位设有透明板8，透明板上刻有刻度81，加压旋钮1的中部设有与刻度81配合用于确定加压旋钮的旋进程度的零位线11；所述压迫垫3为非对称结构，包括基垫312、血管压迫垫311和止血敷料32，血管压迫垫311和止血敷料32一左一右固定在基垫312的底面上，血管压迫垫紧靠于止血敷料，止血敷料的面积大血管压迫垫的面积，血管压迫垫高度不小于止血敷料的高度，所述基垫和血管压迫垫均为硅胶垫，基垫和血管压迫垫固连为一体构成硅胶台阶31，止血敷料32为含有止血药物的冻干海绵，通过关联专利CN201210545888.8制备而成；压迫垫3与加压旋钮1之间设有用于固定压迫垫的卡扣10，卡扣10卡设在加压旋钮中并且可沿加压旋钮1的中轴线转动，基垫312的上表面与卡扣10的底面固连，卡扣位于血管压迫垫311和止血敷料32接触面的上方。

Claims (10)

1.一种股动脉压迫止血装置，至少包括止血单元和固定单元，止血单元包括加压旋钮，套设在加压旋钮上并且与加压旋钮螺纹连接的套壳，以及与加压旋钮底面活动连接的压迫垫，固定单元与套壳连接，其特征在于：所述固定单元包括支撑稳定杆、固定在支撑稳定杆上的尾翼、位于支撑稳定杆下方的腿部支撑板和固定带，支撑稳定杆与腿部支撑板通过固定带连接，支撑稳定杆垂直于加压旋钮，一端连接尾翼，另一端与套壳螺纹连接；所述压迫垫包括基垫、血管压迫垫和止血敷料，血管压迫垫和止血敷料一左一右固定在基垫的底面上，血管压迫垫紧靠于止血敷料，止血敷料的面积大血管压迫垫的面积，血管压迫垫高度不小于止血敷料的高度。
2.根据权利要求1所述的股动脉压迫止血装置，其特征在于：压迫垫与加压旋钮之间设有卡扣，卡扣呈柱状，其上端位于加压旋钮中并且可沿加压旋钮的中轴线转动，卡扣的底面与基垫的上表面固连，卡扣位于血管压迫垫和止血敷料接触面的上方。
3.根据权利要求1所述的股动脉压迫止血装置，其特征在于：所述尾翼呈蝶形，尾翼的两翼向下弯曲呈弧形，弯曲弧度与股动脉所在腿部的周向曲线相吻合，尾翼的中部通过销轴水平固定在支撑稳定杆端部的下表面上。
4.根据权利要求1所述的股动脉压迫止血装置，其特征在于：所述支撑稳定杆沿轴向向下略微弯曲呈弧形，弧形形状与股动脉所在腿部的轴线弧线相吻合，支撑稳定杆的上表面和腿部支撑板的下表面上均设有用于固定放置固定带的凹槽。
5.根据权利要求1所述的股动脉压迫止血装置，其特征在于：所述腿部支撑板的形状与股动脉所在腿部的背面形状相吻合。
6.根据权利要求1所述的股动脉压迫止血装置，其特征在于：所述套壳的上端设有用于手指捏持的拔管手持位。
7.根据权利要求1所述的股动脉压迫止血装置，其特征在于：所述套壳上与支撑稳定杆连接部分相对的部位设有透明板，透明板上刻有刻度。
8.根据权利要求1所述的股动脉压迫止血装置，其特征在于：所述加压旋钮的中部设有零位线。
9.根据权利要求1所述的股动脉压迫止血装置，其特征在于：所述基垫和血管压迫垫均为硅胶垫，基垫和血管压迫垫固连为一体构成硅胶台阶。
10.根据权利要求1所述的股动脉压迫止血装置，其特征在于：所述止血敷料为含有止血药物的冻干海绵。
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