CN104486812A - SMANET (shipping mobile ad hoc network) system, networking method and work method - Google Patents
SMANET (shipping mobile ad hoc network) system, networking method and work method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104486812A CN104486812A CN201410684480.8A CN201410684480A CN104486812A CN 104486812 A CN104486812 A CN 104486812A CN 201410684480 A CN201410684480 A CN 201410684480A CN 104486812 A CN104486812 A CN 104486812A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
- H04W40/24—Connectivity information management, e.g. connectivity discovery or connectivity update
- H04W40/248—Connectivity information update
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
- H04L45/02—Topology update or discovery
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/18—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks
Abstract
The invention discloses an SMANET (shipping mobile ad hoc network) system, which comprises an SMANET and a plurality of AIS (automatic identification system) terminals communicated through the SMANET, wherein each AIS terminal is connected with the SMANET to realize the information interaction among the AIS terminals, a VHF (very high frequency) ratio station of the AIS terminals is set to be a physical layer of the SMANET, and an SOTDMA (self organizing time division multiple access) protocol of the AIS terminals is set to be an MAC layer of the SMANET. The invention also discloses a networking method of the SMANET and the work method of the SMANET. According to the characteristics of shipping formation networking communication, the minimum quantity of network control information is added into the existing AIS terminals, a heuristic method is used for analyzing the network control information, and the shipping formation network building and network maintenance processes are carried out, so that a ship provided with the AIS terminals has the self networking function, and communication link establishing, information interaction and mutual exchange of needed products with any AIS terminal in a shipping group can be realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to boats and ships wireless communication field, be specifically related to a kind of boats and ships and move ad hoc network system, network-building method and method of work.
Background technology
Along with the fast development of China market economy and global trade, maritime traffic also develops rapidly, ships quantity and speed of the ship in metres per second all improve constantly, and cause maritime traffic density also constantly to increase, and propose new requirement to ship collision prevention, harbor traffic management and navigation safety.Automatic recognition system (automatic identification system, AIS) is the common achievement in research of International Maritime Organization (IMO), International Association of Lighthouse Authorities (IALA), International Telecommunication Union (ITI-R).AIS is in maritime affairs VHF frequency range, adopts GMSK/FM modulation, launches in SOTDMA (self-organizing time division multiple access) mode the shipborne system that the boats and ships such as accommodation, the speed of a ship or plane, course, name of vessel, identification code, captain, the beam move static data.AIS can improve the navigation safety of boats and ships, reduces the possibility of ship collision, and search and rescue ship can be helped to complete marine salvage task better, quickly.Ended for 2012 ends, national coastal and inland river has nearly 20,000 boats and ships and is equipped with AIS equipment.But AIS system only defines the data interaction strategy of physical layer and MAC layer, network effective coverage range is only for a hop neighbor node, fairly large boats and ships are formed into columns and works in coordination with the application scenarios such as supply, collaborative search and rescue, lack the overall control and information interaction ability of overlay network.
Boats and ships move ad hoc network (Shipping Mobile Ad hoc network, SMANET) has become one of hot issue in the research of boats and ships formation control.Compared with single ship, SMANET has stronger fault-tolerance and adaptability by many ship cooperations, fleet under sail can formative dynamics network, by the environmental information of the mutual fleet region quickly and accurately of sharing out the work and help one another between each ship, thus quickening system task completes, and improves system works efficiency.
Mainly contain following for SMANET systematic research both at home and abroad at present: the fabric coordination system of boats and ships ad hoc system; The scene application study of boats and ships ad hoc system; The information interacting method of the bank station systems such as boats and ships terminal and 3GPP LTE, 802.11p; The routing algorithm of position-based information and applying in marine system.
Summary of the invention
A kind of boats and ships are the object of the present invention is to provide to move ad hoc network system, network-building method and method of work, according to the feature of boats and ships formation group-net communication, the network control message of minimum number is added in existing AIS terminal, heuristic is utilized to resolve network control message, the network carrying out boats and ships formation is set up and network operation process, makes the boats and ships being loaded with AIS terminal possess MANET function, can set up communication link with any AIS terminal in fleet, interactive information, exchanges each other's needs.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of boats and ships move ad hoc network system, are characterized in, comprise:
Boats and ships move ad hoc network and move by described boats and ships several AIS terminals that ad hoc network carries out communicating, and each described AIS terminal moves ad hoc network with described boats and ships and is connected the information interaction realizing AIS terminal room, wherein
The VHF radio station of described AIS terminal is set to the physical layer that boats and ships move ad hoc network;
The SOTDMA agreement of described AIS terminal is set to the MAC layer that boats and ships move ad hoc network.
Boats and ships move a network-building method for ad hoc network, are characterized in, comprise following steps:
A1, AIS terminal is radio network connection matrix within each AIS cycle, and by neighbours AIS terminal room constantly information interaction renewal network connection matrix;
A2, after AIS terminals all in system complete information interaction to each other, network connection matrix upgrade complete, each AIS terminal obtains the topological connection relation of whole network, completes networking;
A3, AIS terminal adopts heuristic to carry out topology information parsing to network connection matrix, and generating one with local node is that the spanning tree of root is as routing table;
A4, AIS terminal utilizes source-routed protocol to carry out transmission and the forwarding of information according to routing table.
The network-building method that boats and ships move ad hoc network comprises slow networking AIS terminal further and adds the step that boats and ships move ad hoc network, slow networking AIS terminal receives the network connection matrix of its neighbours AIS terminal broadcast, obtain the topological connection relation of whole network, complete into network process.
The network-building method that boats and ships move ad hoc network comprises the step of network operation further, when the topological connection relation of network changes, when namely having new AIS terminal networking or former AIS terminal to leave, neighbours AIS terminal can upgrade network connection matrix in the next AIS cycle, whole network is sent to by spot broadcasting, the local spanning tree of other AIS terminals will corresponding modify, and after all AIS terminals complete information interaction to each other, network operation process terminates.
The step that described heuristic carries out topology information parsing comprises:
Its neighbours AIS terminal is saved to routing table by B1, AIS terminal;
B2, judge newly to add the number of the neighbours AIS terminal of the AIS terminal of routing table entry;
If zero, then terminate analyzing step;
If not zero, then perform step B3;
B3, ship information interactive system generate a forward link according to the neighbours AIS terminal newly added;
B4, judge whether the neighbours AIS terminal of new AIS terminal occurs in forward link;
If so, then analyzing step is terminated;
If not, then step B2 is performed by after the neighbours AIS terminal of new AIS terminal write routing table.
Described network connection matrix is symmetrical matrix.
The described AIS cycle is 1 minute.
The generation step of described spanning tree comprises:
C1, local AIS terminal are as the root AIS terminal of spanning tree;
The neighbours AIS terminal of C2, local AIS terminal is as the sub-AIS terminal of the first generation of root AIS terminal;
C3, to each sub-AIS terminal newly added, using the sub-AIS terminal that do not occur in this limb of this AIS terminal the sub-AIS terminal of the next generation as this AIS terminal;
C4, when newly adding the AIS terminal of spanning tree for time empty, terminate the generation step of spanning tree.
Boats and ships move a method of work for ad hoc network, are characterized in, comprise following steps:
S1, AIS terminal each AIS periodic broadcasting network connection matrix;
S2, other AIS terminals receive and to upgrade network connection matrix afterwards, generate the spanning tree that take local node as root;
S3, AIS terminal room is Internet connection matrix each other;
S4, when interaction cycle number is more than or equal to network maximum hop count, each AIS terminal, by obtaining the topological connection relation of whole network, completes Route establishment process;
S5, when having new AIS terminal to add or former AIS terminal leaves, notifying the whole network alternately by network connection matrix, completing network operation process.
A kind of boats and ships of the present invention move ad hoc network system, network-building method and method of work and compared with prior art have the following advantages: according to the feature of boats and ships formation group-net communication, the network control message of minimum number is added in existing AIS terminal, heuristic is utilized to resolve network control message, the network carrying out boats and ships formation is set up and network operation process, the boats and ships being loaded with AIS terminal are made to possess MANET function, communication link can be set up with any AIS terminal in fleet, interactive information, exchanges each other's needs.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram that a kind of boats and ships of the present invention move ad hoc network system;
Fig. 2 is exemplary topology diagram;
Fig. 3 is network connection matrix schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is the network-building method that a kind of boats and ships of the present invention move ad hoc network;
Fig. 5 is the flow chart that heuristic carries out topology information parsing;
Fig. 6 is the generation method flow diagram of spanning tree;
Fig. 7 is the method for work that a kind of boats and ships of the present invention move ad hoc network.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, by describing a preferably specific embodiment in detail, the present invention is further elaborated.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of boats and ships move ad hoc network system, comprise: boats and ships move ad hoc network and move by described boats and ships several AIS terminals that ad hoc network carries out communicating, each described AIS terminal moves ad hoc network with described boats and ships and is connected the information interaction realizing AIS terminal room, and the VHF radio station of wherein said AIS terminal is set to the physical layer that boats and ships move ad hoc network; The SOTDMA agreement of described AIS terminal is set to the MAC layer that boats and ships move ad hoc network; In the network layer of system, add the control information of minimum data amount, by designing didactic method for routing, making the boats and ships being loaded with AIS terminal possess MANET function, communication link interactive information can be set up with fleet's interior joint.AIS terminal itself needs the boats and ships such as mutual accommodation, the speed of a ship or plane, course, name of vessel, identification code, captain, the beam to move static data, for realizing system group network communication function, need to send route test information, to carry out Route establishment and the route maintenance procedure of network layer in the spare field of AIS.Because AIS load number exists uncertain, for ensureing effective work of system network network layers, should network control message be minimized, be convenient to it and carry out incidentally in AIS terminal.
Topology of networks in fleet's operation process is constantly conversion, and different topologys is by network control messages different for correspondence.For reducing fleet's change in topology to the impact of grid topology information, network connection matrix C is adopted to solidify topology information quantity.In network topology structure as shown in Figure 2, its network connection matrix neighbours as shown in Figure 3.Element in network connection matrix
(i represents row, and j represents row) represents to there is a communication link between node i and node j;
represent that link does not exist.After the network connection matrix that node receives, the annexation of whole network topology can be obtained.Connection matrix C is symmetrical matrix,
.So in order to reduce information content in network connection matrix reciprocal process can only the upper triangular matrix of transmission network connection matrix or lower triangular matrix as shown in Figure 3, the quantity of transmission information is
, wherein N is the quantity of AIS terminal in network.
As shown in Figure 4, boats and ships move the network-building method of ad hoc network, i.e. Route establishment process, comprise following steps:
A1, AIS terminal is radio network connection matrix within each AIS cycle (1 minute), and by neighbours AIS terminal room constantly information interaction renewal network connection matrix;
A2, after AIS terminals all in system complete information interaction to each other, network connection matrix upgrade complete, each AIS terminal obtains the topological connection relation of whole network, completes networking;
A3, AIS terminal adopts heuristic to carry out topology information parsing to network connection matrix, and generating one with local node is that the spanning tree of root is as routing table;
A4, AIS terminal utilizes source-routed protocol to carry out transmission and the forwarding of information according to routing table.
Comprise slow networking AIS terminal further and add the step that boats and ships move ad hoc network, slow networking AIS terminal receives the network connection matrix of its neighbours AIS terminal broadcast, obtain the topological connection relation of whole network, complete into network process, the network entry time of slow networking AIS terminal is an AIS cycle (1 minute).
Comprise the step of network operation further, when the topological connection relation of network changes, when namely having new AIS terminal networking or former AIS terminal to leave, neighbours AIS terminal can upgrade network connection matrix in the next AIS cycle (1 minute), whole network is sent to by spot broadcasting, the local spanning tree of other AIS terminals will corresponding modify, after all AIS terminals complete information interaction to each other, network operation process terminates, so network topology change is also an AIS cycle (1 minute) on the impact of network.
As shown in Figure 5, the step that described heuristic carries out topology information parsing comprises:
Its neighbours AIS terminal is saved to routing table by B1, AIS terminal;
B2, judge newly to add the number of the neighbours AIS terminal of the AIS terminal of routing table entry;
If zero, then terminate analyzing step;
If not zero, then perform step B3;
B3, ship information interactive system generate a forward link according to the neighbours AIS terminal newly added;
B4, judge whether the neighbours AIS terminal of new AIS terminal occurs in forward link;
If so, then analyzing step is terminated;
If not, then step B2 is performed by after the neighbours AIS terminal of new AIS terminal write routing table.
As shown in Figure 6, the generation step of described spanning tree comprises:
C1, local AIS terminal are as the root AIS terminal of spanning tree;
The neighbours AIS terminal of C2, local AIS terminal is as the sub-AIS terminal of the first generation of root AIS terminal;
C3, to each sub-AIS terminal newly added, using the sub-AIS terminal that do not occur in this limb of this AIS terminal the sub-AIS terminal of the next generation as this AIS terminal;
C4, when newly adding the AIS terminal of spanning tree for time empty, terminate the generation step of spanning tree.
As shown in Figure 7, a kind of boats and ships move the method for work of ad hoc network, comprise following steps:
S1, AIS terminal each AIS cycle (1 minute) radio network connection matrix;
S2, other AIS terminals receive and to upgrade network connection matrix afterwards, generate the spanning tree that take local node as root;
S3, AIS terminal room is Internet connection matrix each other;
S4, when interaction cycle number is more than or equal to network maximum hop count, each AIS terminal, by obtaining the topological connection relation of whole network, completes Route establishment process;
S5, when having new AIS terminal to add or former AIS terminal leaves, notifying the whole network alternately by network connection matrix, completing network operation process.
Although content of the present invention has done detailed introduction by above preferred embodiment, will be appreciated that above-mentioned description should not be considered to limitation of the present invention.After those skilled in the art have read foregoing, for multiple amendment of the present invention and substitute will be all apparent.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be limited to the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. boats and ships move an ad hoc network system, it is characterized in that, comprise:
Boats and ships move ad hoc network and move by described boats and ships several AIS terminals that ad hoc network carries out communicating, and each described AIS terminal moves ad hoc network with described boats and ships and is connected the information interaction realizing AIS terminal room, wherein
The VHF radio station of described AIS terminal is set to the physical layer that boats and ships move ad hoc network;
The SOTDMA agreement of described AIS terminal is set to the MAC layer that boats and ships move ad hoc network.
2. boats and ships move a network-building method for ad hoc network, it is characterized in that, comprise following steps:
A1, AIS terminal is radio network connection matrix within each AIS cycle, and by neighbours AIS terminal room constantly information interaction renewal network connection matrix;
A2, after AIS terminals all in system complete information interaction to each other, network connection matrix upgrade complete, each AIS terminal obtains the topological connection relation of whole network, completes networking;
A3, AIS terminal adopts heuristic to carry out topology information parsing to network connection matrix, and generating one with local node is that the spanning tree of root is as routing table;
A4, AIS terminal utilizes source-routed protocol to carry out transmission and the forwarding of information according to routing table.
3. network-building method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, comprise slow networking AIS terminal further and add the step that boats and ships move ad hoc network, slow networking AIS terminal receives the network connection matrix of its neighbours AIS terminal broadcast, obtain the topological connection relation of whole network, complete into network process.
4. network-building method as claimed in claim 2 or claim 3, it is characterized in that, comprise the step of network operation further, when the topological connection relation of network changes, when namely having new AIS terminal networking or former AIS terminal to leave, neighbours AIS terminal can upgrade network connection matrix in the next AIS cycle, whole network is sent to by spot broadcasting, the local spanning tree of other AIS terminals will corresponding modify, and after all AIS terminals complete information interaction to each other, network operation process terminates.
5. network-building method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the step that described heuristic carries out topology information parsing comprises:
Its neighbours AIS terminal is saved to routing table by B1, AIS terminal;
B2, judge newly to add the number of the neighbours AIS terminal of the AIS terminal of routing table entry;
If zero, then terminate analyzing step;
If not zero, then perform step B3;
B3, ship information interactive system generate a forward link according to the neighbours AIS terminal newly added;
B4, judge whether the neighbours AIS terminal of new AIS terminal occurs in forward link;
If so, then analyzing step is terminated;
If not, then step B2 is performed by after the neighbours AIS terminal of new AIS terminal write routing table.
6. network-building method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described network connection matrix is symmetrical matrix.
7. network-building method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, the described AIS cycle is 1 minute.
8. network-building method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the generation step of described spanning tree comprises:
C1, local AIS terminal are as the root AIS terminal of spanning tree;
The neighbours AIS terminal of C2, local AIS terminal is as the sub-AIS terminal of the first generation of root AIS terminal;
C3, to each sub-AIS terminal newly added, using the sub-AIS terminal that do not occur in this limb of this AIS terminal the sub-AIS terminal of the next generation as this AIS terminal;
C4, when newly adding the AIS terminal of spanning tree for time empty, terminate the generation step of spanning tree.
9. boats and ships move a method of work for ad hoc network, it is characterized in that, comprise following steps:
S1, AIS terminal each AIS periodic broadcasting network connection matrix;
S2, other AIS terminals receive and to upgrade network connection matrix afterwards, generate the spanning tree that take local node as root;
S3, AIS terminal room is Internet connection matrix each other;
S4, when interaction cycle number is more than or equal to network maximum hop count, each AIS terminal, by obtaining the topological connection relation of whole network, completes Route establishment process;
S5, when having new AIS terminal to add or former AIS terminal leaves, notifying the whole network alternately by network connection matrix, completing network operation process.
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