CN104485194A - Variable-magnetic-force-line-distribution ratio electromagnet - Google Patents
Variable-magnetic-force-line-distribution ratio electromagnet Download PDFInfo
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- CN104485194A CN104485194A CN201410768552.7A CN201410768552A CN104485194A CN 104485194 A CN104485194 A CN 104485194A CN 201410768552 A CN201410768552 A CN 201410768552A CN 104485194 A CN104485194 A CN 104485194A
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- iron core
- interface block
- dynamic iron
- valve interface
- guide pin
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Abstract
The invention discloses a variable-magnetic-force-line-distribution ratio electromagnet. The variable-magnetic-force-line-distribution ratio electromagnet comprises a guide sleeve (2), a magnetic yoke (3), a control coil (4), a magnetism isolating ring (5), a basin-shaped pole shoe (6), a valve interface block (7), a push rod (8) and a movable iron core (10), wherein the working surfaces of the valve interface block (7) and the movable iron core (10) are respectively an inwards-recessed curved rotary surface and an outwards-protruding curved rotary surface; rotary axes of the two curved rotary surfaces are both along the axis of the movable iron core; the buses of the two curved rotary surfaces are both quafric curves and are similar in shape; when the movable iron core (10) is at a maximum position of the travel, the contact surface between the movable iron core (10) and the valve interface block (7) is a narrow annular surface. The variable-magnetic-force-line-distribution ratio electromagnet disclosed by the invention can be remarkably improved in dynamic linear performance without changing the basic structure, appearance and interface size of the existing ratio electromagnet; besides, the structure can be simplified by eliminating the use of a magnetism isolating pad used by the existing ratio electromagnet because the contact area between the movable iron core and the working surface of the valve interface block is quite small when the movable iron core is at the maximum position of the travel.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of proportion electro-magnet, particularly relate to a kind of variable magnetic force line distribution proportion electromagnet.
Background technology
As one of critical component in electrohydraulic proportional controller part, the function of proportion electro-magnet is the current signal converting to force or displacement that Proportional Amplifer are inputted.Therefore, displacement-the force characteristic of electro-hydraulic proportional control technology comparative example electromagnet proposes strict requirement, namely proportion electro-magnet must possess the displacement-force characteristic curve of level, in its effective impulse stroke, when coil current one timing, its power output keeps constant, and has nothing to do with the displacement of dynamic iron core (armature).
The structure of existing proportion electro-magnet as shown in Figure 1, by plastic end cover 1, guide pin bushing 2, yoke 3, control coil 4, magnetism-isolating loop 5, basin shape pole shoe 6, valve interface block 7, push rod 8, magnetism isolating spacer 9, dynamic iron core 10 and end cap interface block 11 form, wherein except plastic end cover 1, magnetism-isolating loop 5, coil 4, push rod 8, magnetism isolating spacer 9, remaining parts is made by permeability magnetic material.The operation principle of this proportion electro-magnet figure as shown in Figure 2 (for clarity, the hatching of part is deleted in figure): the magnetic line of force produced by coil 4 is divided into two branch road Φ 1 and Φ 2 through dynamic working gas gap between iron core 10 and valve interface block 7, wherein Φ 1 branch road is axial by the working gas gap bottom basin shape pole shoe through dynamic iron core 10, again through valve interface block 7, yoke 3, guide pin bushing 2, get back to dynamic iron core 10 and form closed hoop; Φ 2 branch road, through the oblique tapered peripheral by basin shape pole shoe of dynamic iron core 10, arrives guide pin bushing front end, then through valve interface block 7, yoke 3, guide pin bushing 2, gets back to dynamic iron core 10 and form closed hoop.Branch road Φ 1 and Φ 2 is respectively F1 and F2 to the axial thrust load that dynamic iron core 10 produces electromagnetic force, and it makes a concerted effort to be the actuating force F that dynamic iron core is subject to, as shown in Figure 3.
As shown in Figure 3, existing proportion electro-magnet mainly relies on the basin shape pole shoe of special shape the magnetic line of force to be divided into two branch roads, by the relative dimensions of basin shape pole shoe adjust two magnetic line of force branch roads produce the relative size of axial magnetic component, thus in the displacement of dynamic iron core---force curve produces the range of linearity (i.e. the impulse stroke of proportion electro-magnet) of one section of level of approximation.Because pole shoe shape is relatively fixing, during design, be difficult to the relative size of accurate adjustment two branch road electromagnetic force, cause existing proportion electro-magnet displacement-force characteristic poor linearity, the problems such as impulse stroke is relatively short.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of displacement-force characteristic linearity good, the variable magnetic force line distribution proportion electromagnet that impulse stroke is longer.
For achieving the above object, the solution that the present invention adopts is: a kind of variable magnetic force line distribution proportion electromagnet, comprise guide pin bushing, yoke, control coil, magnetism-isolating loop, valve interface block, push rod and dynamic iron core, dynamic iron core, valve interface block and control coil are installed in yoke, wherein dynamic iron core and valve interface block distribute vertically, control coil is positioned at the outside of dynamic iron core and valve interface block, guide pin bushing and magnetism-isolating loop are located at dynamic iron core, between valve interface block and control coil, push rod is connected on dynamic iron core also through valve interface block, guide pin bushing comprises leading portion guide pin bushing and back segment guide pin bushing, before magnetism-isolating loop is positioned at, between back segment guide pin bushing, the operative end surface of described valve interface block and dynamic iron core is respectively the curved-line surface of revolution of indent and the curved-line surface of revolution of evagination, the gyroaxis of two curved-line surface of revolution is all along dynamic iron core axis, its bus is conic section and shape is similar, when dynamic iron core is in the maximum position of stroke, the contact-making surface of itself and valve interface block is a narrow anchor ring.
The bus of above-mentioned two curved-line surface of revolution is hyperbola, parabola or elliptic arc.
The bus of above-mentioned two curved-line surface of revolution is made up of the smooth connection of multistage conic section.
Technical solution of the present invention both can be used for unidirectional proportion electro-magnet, also can be used for two-way proportional solenoid.
The working gas gap (revolving body basin shape pole shoe) of special shape of the present invention owing to being formed between dynamic iron core and valve interface block, therefore when dynamic iron core is in the diverse location of its displacement stroke, according to minimum reluctance principle, the magnetic line of force that control coil sends is by forming different distributions during working gas gap.When dynamic iron core displacement is less, working gas gap magnetic resistance is comparatively large, but because of magnetic line of force direction most in working gas gap and axis direction angle very little, therefore electromagnetic force axial thrust load is larger; When dynamic iron core displacement is larger, working gas gap magnetic resistance is less, but due to magnetic line of force direction most in working gas gap and axis direction angle very large, therefore electromagnetic force axial thrust load is less, therefore, dynamic iron core suffered axial electromagnetic force in most of displacement stroke can keep relative stability, and namely realizes the displacement-force characteristic curve of level, electromagnet displacement-force characteristic linearity is better, and dynamic iron core impulse stroke is also longer.
The present invention is not changing the basic structure of existing proportion electro-magnet, under the prerequisite of profile and interface size, the shape and size parameter of dynamic iron core and valve interface block operative end surface bus is determined by accurate Calculation, accurately can control the magnetic line of force distribution of its working gas gap internal magnetic field during the work of dynamic iron core, thus the linear performance (displacement-force characteristic linearity and impulse stroke width) of proportion electro-magnet can be significantly improved, in addition, due to dynamic iron core when the maximum position of stroke and the contact area of valve interface block working face very little, there is magnetic saturation in this place, therefore axial electromagnetic force is little, therefore can cancel existing proportion electro-magnet magnetism isolating spacer used and make designs simplification.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of conventional proportional electromagnet.
Fig. 2 is the fundamental diagram of the electromagnet of conventional proportional shown in Fig. 1.
Displacement-force characteristic curve synoptic diagram that Fig. 3 is the electromagnet of conventional proportional shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 be the unidirectional proportion electro-magnet of the present invention structural representation (when dynamic iron core be in comparatively thin tail sheep time).
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of proportion electro-magnet unidirectional shown in Fig. 4 when dynamic iron core is in larger displacement.
Fig. 6 is that the present invention moves iron core Force Calculation schematic diagram.
Fig. 7 is the displacement-force characteristic curve synoptic diagram of proportion electro-magnet of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of two-way proportional solenoid of the present invention.
In Fig. 1-3: 1-plastic end cover, 2-guide pin bushing, 3-yoke, 4-control coil, 5-magnetism-isolating loop, 6-basin shape pole shoe, 7-valve interface block, 8-push rod, 9-magnetism isolating spacer, 10-dynamic iron core 11-end cap interface block
In Fig. 4-7: 1-plastic end cover, 2-guide pin bushing, 3-yoke, 4-control coil, 5-magnetism-isolating loop, 6-basin shape pole shoe, 7-valve interface block, 8-push rod, 9-working gas gap, 10-dynamic iron core 11-end cap interface block
In Fig. 8: 1-yoke, 2-control coil, 3-dynamic iron core 4-magnetism-isolating loop 5-guide pin bushing 6-push rod 7-valve interface block 8-magnetism-isolating loop
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further detail.
The unidirectional proportion electro-magnet of embodiment 1
As Fig. 4, shown in Fig. 5, the unidirectional proportion electro-magnet of the present invention comprises the guide pin bushing 2 be made up of permeability magnetic material, yoke 3, valve interface block 7, dynamic iron core 10, end cap interface block 11 and the plastic end cover 1 be made up of non-magnet material, control coil 4, magnetism-isolating loop 5 and push rod 8, wherein dynamic iron core 10, valve interface block 7 and control coil 4 are installed in yoke 3, control coil 4 is positioned at the outside of dynamic iron core 10 and valve interface block 7, guide pin bushing 2 and magnetism-isolating loop 5 are located at dynamic iron core 10 and between valve interface block 7 and control coil 4, push rod 8 is connected on dynamic iron core 10 also through valve interface block 7, guide pin bushing 2 comprises leading portion guide pin bushing and back segment guide pin bushing, before magnetism-isolating loop 5 is positioned at, between back segment guide pin bushing.The operative end surface of described valve interface block 7 is the Hyperbola rotary surface of indent, the operative end surface of dynamic iron core 10 is the Hyperbola rotary surface of evagination, the gyroaxis of two Hyperbola rotary surfaces is all along the axis of dynamic iron core 10, its shape of generatrix, size are similar, curvature is slightly different, working gas gap 9 between defines the revolving body basin shape pole shoe 6 of a special shape thus, and when the fine difference in curvature makes dynamic iron core 10 reach maximum displacement, the contact-making surface of two operative end surface is a narrow anchor ring.
For calculating axial electromagnetic force F suffered by dynamic iron core 10
x, can take up an official post at dynamic iron core 10 and get a bit, cross this point get an axial width level off to 0 micro-anchor ring (as shown in Figure 6), this its area of micro-anchor ring is dS, and the electromagnetic force size produced is dF
x, its direction and electromagnet axis angle are θ (as shown in Figure 6), then according to Theory of Electromagnetic Field, have:
In above formula:
DF
x: the axial thrust load of electromagnetic force suffered by the dynamic micro-anchor ring of iron core 10;
D φ: the magnetic flux (wb) on the dynamic micro-anchor ring of iron core 10;
μ
0: permeability of vacuum (constant)
DS: the dynamic micro-anchor ring area of iron core 10
θ: electromagnetic force and electromagnet axis angle suffered by the dynamic micro-anchor ring of iron core 10;
E: magnetomotive force;
DG: the dynamic micro-anchor ring of iron core 10 send micro-magnetic conductance corresponding to the magnetic line of force
To dF
xalong dynamic iron core 10 working face bus integration, the axial electromagnetic force that dynamic iron core 10 is suffered when stroke optional position can be obtained, that is:
F
x＝∫dF
x
If dynamic iron core 10 working face bus equation is: a
1x
2+ b
1y
2+ c
1=0;
Valve interface block 7 working face bus equation is: a
2x
2+ b
2y
2+ c
2=0;
Then above formula can be written as:
From above formula, micro-magnetic conductance dG, electromagnetic force and electromagnet axis angle θ are conic section parameter (a
1, b
1, c
1, a
2, b
2, c
2) function, and along with the increase (to the right) of dynamic iron core 10 work shift, micro-magnetic conductance dG increases gradually, angle theta also increases gradually, and cos (θ) value reduces.Therefore, as long as design suitable conic section parameter (a according to electromagnet performance requirement
1, b
1, c
1, a
2, b
2, c
2), can ensure that the amplitude that micro-magnetic conductance dG increases is close with the amplitude that cos (θ) value reduces, and makes iron core 10 displacement in whole movement travel-force characteristic curve as shown in Figure 7, has the good linearity and the wider range of linearity.
Calculated the shape and size parameter determining dynamic iron core 10 and valve interface block 7 working face bus by careful design, accurately can control the magnetic line of force distribution of dynamic iron core 10 working gas gap 9 internal magnetic field in stroke.When working gas gap 9 axial dimension is larger when less (dynamic iron core 10 displacement), the magnetic line of force is less with axis angle, and the axial thrust load moving electromagnetic force suffered by iron core 10 is larger, when working gas gap 9 axial dimension is less (when dynamic iron core 10 displacement is larger), the magnetic line of force and axis angle are comparatively large, and suffered by dynamic iron core 10, the axial thrust load of electromagnetic force is less, therefore, dynamic iron core 10 displacement in whole movement travel-force characteristic curve as shown in Figure 7, compared with the moving of existing proportion electro-magnet-force characteristic curve (as Fig. 3), the linearity of the displacement-force characteristic curve of proportion electro-magnet of the present invention is better, impulse stroke width also obviously increases, thus effectively can improve the service behaviour of proportion electro-magnet, simultaneously, because the working face shape of generatrix of dynamic iron core 10 with valve interface block 7 is similar to, when dynamic iron core 10 reaches maximum displacement, the contact-making surface of two working faces is a narrow anchor ring, because contact area is very little, therefore magnetic saturation will be there is in anchor ring, suffered by dynamic iron core 10, electromagnetic force is less, thus without the need to adopting existing magnetism isolating spacer.
The operative end surface that the present invention moves iron core 10 and valve interface block 7 also can adopt bus to be the surface of revolution of parabola or elliptic arc, also can adopt the curved-line surface of revolution that bus is made up of the smooth connection of multistage conic section.
Embodiment 2 two-way proportional solenoid
As shown in Figure 8, two-way proportional solenoid of the present invention comprise be made up of permeability magnetic material yoke 1, guide pin bushing 5, dynamic iron core 3, valve interface block 7 and the control coil 2 be made up of non-magnet material, magnetism-isolating loop 4,8 and push rod 6, described yoke 1, control coil 2, valve interface block 7 and push rod 6 are two, symmetrical distribution, connected by magnetism-isolating loop 8 between two yokes 3, control coil 2 and valve interface block 7 are installed in the yoke 1 of homonymy, dynamic iron core 3 is between left and right valve interface block 7, and push rod 6 is separately fixed at the two ends of dynamic iron core 3.Guide pin bushing 5 and magnetism-isolating loop 8 are located at dynamic iron core 3 and between valve interface block 7 and control coil 2, guide pin bushing 5 is made up of leading portion guide pin bushing, stage casing guide pin bushing and back segment guide pin bushing, between leading portion guide pin bushing and stage casing guide pin bushing and between stage casing guide pin bushing and back segment guide pin bushing, be provided with magnetism-isolating loop 4.
In the present embodiment, the operative end surface of left and right valve interface block 7 is the elliptic arc surface of revolution of indent, two operative end surface of dynamic iron core 3 are the elliptic arc surface of revolution of evagination, the gyroaxis of all elliptic arc surfaces of revolution is all along the axis of dynamic iron core 3, its shape of generatrix, size are similar, only curvature is slightly different, and when the fine difference in curvature makes dynamic iron core 10 reach maximum displacement, the contact-making surface of two working faces is a narrow anchor ring.
The foregoing is only specific embodiments of the invention, it is pointed out that to those of ordinary skill in the art under the prerequisite not departing from use principle of the present invention, some modification and improvement can also be done, also should be considered as invention protection range.
Claims (3)
1. a variable magnetic force line distribution proportion electromagnet, comprise guide pin bushing (2), yoke (3), control coil (4), magnetism-isolating loop (5), valve interface block (7), push rod (8) and dynamic iron core (10), dynamic iron core (10), valve interface block (7) and control coil (4) are installed in yoke (3), wherein dynamic iron core (10) and valve interface block (7) distribute vertically, control coil (4) is positioned at the outside of dynamic iron core (10) and valve interface block (7), guide pin bushing and magnetism-isolating loop (5) are located at dynamic iron core (10), between valve interface block (7) and control coil (4), push rod (8) is connected to dynamic iron core (10) and goes up and pass valve interface block (7), guide pin bushing (2) comprises leading portion guide pin bushing and back segment guide pin bushing, before magnetism-isolating loop (5) is positioned at, between back segment guide pin bushing (2), it is characterized in that: the operative end surface of described valve interface block (7) and dynamic iron core (10) is respectively the curved-line surface of revolution of indent and the curved-line surface of revolution of evagination, the gyroaxis of two curved-line surface of revolution is all along dynamic iron core axis, its bus is conic section and shape is similar, when dynamic iron core (10) is in the maximum position of stroke, the contact-making surface of itself and valve interface block (7) is a narrow anchor ring.
2. a kind of variable magnetic force line distribution proportion electromagnet according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the bus of two curved-line surface of revolution is hyperbola, parabola or elliptic arc.
3. a kind of variable magnetic force line distribution proportion electromagnet according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the bus of two curved-line surface of revolution is made up of the smooth connection of multistage conic section.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410768552.7A CN104485194B (en) | 2014-12-14 | 2014-12-14 | A kind of variable magnetic force line distribution proportion electric magnet |
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| CN201410768552.7A CN104485194B (en) | 2014-12-14 | 2014-12-14 | A kind of variable magnetic force line distribution proportion electric magnet |
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| CN104485194B CN104485194B (en) | 2016-08-17 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113586789A (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2021-11-02 | 杭州群科荟科技有限公司 | Magnetic conductance calculation method and stroke value taking method of air gap magnetic conductance type electromagnetic valve |
| CN114877103A (en) * | 2022-07-08 | 2022-08-09 | 星宇电子(宁波)有限公司 | High-voltage electric proportional valve |
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| CN2127802Y (en) * | 1992-07-10 | 1993-03-03 | 陶雷云 | Two-way electro-magnet |
| CN2309472Y (en) * | 1997-11-05 | 1999-03-03 | 贺传璞 | Automatic closing electric control valve |
| JPH11345710A (en) * | 1998-06-02 | 1999-12-14 | Olympus Optical Co Ltd | Solenoid plunger |
| JP2000323323A (en) * | 1999-05-10 | 2000-11-24 | Toko Electric Corp | Plunger type magnet device |
| CN204315326U (en) * | 2014-12-14 | 2015-05-06 | 成都大学 | A kind of variable magnetic force line distribution proportion electromagnet |
-
2014
- 2014-12-14 CN CN201410768552.7A patent/CN104485194B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4605918A (en) * | 1984-03-20 | 1986-08-12 | La Telemecanique Electrique | High speed current maximum tripping device |
| CN2127802Y (en) * | 1992-07-10 | 1993-03-03 | 陶雷云 | Two-way electro-magnet |
| CN2309472Y (en) * | 1997-11-05 | 1999-03-03 | 贺传璞 | Automatic closing electric control valve |
| JPH11345710A (en) * | 1998-06-02 | 1999-12-14 | Olympus Optical Co Ltd | Solenoid plunger |
| JP2000323323A (en) * | 1999-05-10 | 2000-11-24 | Toko Electric Corp | Plunger type magnet device |
| CN204315326U (en) * | 2014-12-14 | 2015-05-06 | 成都大学 | A kind of variable magnetic force line distribution proportion electromagnet |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113586789A (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2021-11-02 | 杭州群科荟科技有限公司 | Magnetic conductance calculation method and stroke value taking method of air gap magnetic conductance type electromagnetic valve |
| CN113586789B (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2024-03-29 | 杭州群科荟科技有限公司 | Flux guide calculation method and stroke value taking method of air gap flux guide type electromagnetic valve |
| CN114877103A (en) * | 2022-07-08 | 2022-08-09 | 星宇电子(宁波)有限公司 | High-voltage electric proportional valve |
| CN114877103B (en) * | 2022-07-08 | 2022-10-21 | 星宇电子(宁波)有限公司 | High-voltage electric proportional valve |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN104485194B (en) | 2016-08-17 |
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