CN104483744B - Di-anisotropic fish-eye lens for spherical screen showing/projection system in single machine position - Google Patents
Di-anisotropic fish-eye lens for spherical screen showing/projection system in single machine position Download PDFInfo
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- CN104483744B CN104483744B CN201410781612.9A CN201410781612A CN104483744B CN 104483744 B CN104483744 B CN 104483744B CN 201410781612 A CN201410781612 A CN 201410781612A CN 104483744 B CN104483744 B CN 104483744B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
- G02B13/06—Panoramic objectives; So-called "sky lenses" including panoramic objectives having reflecting surfaces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
- G02B13/001—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras
- G02B13/0015—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design
- G02B13/005—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design having spherical lenses only
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
- G02B13/001—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras
- G02B13/0055—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras employing a special optical element
- G02B13/006—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras employing a special optical element at least one element being a compound optical element, e.g. cemented elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
- G03B21/14—Details
Abstract
The invention discloses a di-anisotropic fish-eye lens for a spherical screen showing/projection system in a single machine position. A characteristic design scheme comprising the di-anisotropic fish-eye lens and an equivalence principle optical structure scheme can achieve a special thing-image mapping relationship by constructing difference of optical characteristics of the di-anisotropic fish-eye lens in sagitta of arc and meridian directions in a targeted manner. Compared with the used conventional fish-eye lens, the spherical screen showing/projection system constructed by using the di-anisotropic fish-eye lens at least can increase the pixel utilization ratio or the light energy utilization ratio by over 50%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fish eye lens of new model, more particularly to it is a kind of for light engine position ball curtain projection/projection system
Two anisotropy fish eye lenses of system, the camera lens combines digital projection/scialyscope and enters for spherical and similar domed screen
Row projection is projected, and can be used to build the projection/projection engineering with ball curtain as image carrier, e.g., ball screen cinema, the exhibition exhibition of ball curtain
Show the Room, the astronomical phenomena science popularization Room, the inquiry of ball curtain and teaching system.Belong to the non-similar ultra-wide angle optical image technology of image in video display, shadow
As the application in field.
Background technology
Spherical screen stereoscopic film claims ball curtain projection/optical projection system, is earliest the incoming China of last century the eighties, used as a kind of special
Kind of film, with its novel form, the effect of shock and it is strong incorporate sense when participating in the cintest and firmly get public audience like.The ball curtain of early stage
Projection/optical projection system, is light engine position system, the other standards affiliated facility if do not considered movie theatre, and its most basic composition is：
Using a high brightness film movie projector, with reference to a traditional fish eye lens, the image information on film is presented in into one
On the sphere or nearly sphere curtain of 10 meters～30 meters spherical crown shapes of individual diameter, the image information on film is by equipped with fish-eye glue
The shoot on location of piece camera obtain, no matter how ball curtain is placed, cinematograph projector all the time in ball curtain the centre of sphere or the centre of sphere it is attached
Closely, symmetrical overlapping of axles or parallel of the fish-eye optical axis with ball curtain.
Into 21st century, with optical technology, tabletting technology, screen manufacturing technology, digital image processing techniques and
The progress of computer technology, graphic making, anastomosing and splicing technology progressively occur and ripe, and ball curtain projection/optical projection system is obtained
Develop rapidly, occur in that the double, form of the composition of many seats in the plane in succession, but the basic form of the composition of light engine position because its composition is simple, into
This cheap and later maintenance convenience still occupies critical role.In the basic form of the composition of light engine position of digital Age, film
Projector is substituted by digital projection/scialyscope, and film is substituted by the video file of number format, in film source manufacturing process,
Video file can also be made by computer synthesis by digital camera shoot on location and be obtained.
The no matter flake mirror in the film movie epoch or in digital movie epoch, light engine position ball curtain projection/optical projection system
Head all act as key player, and display process and shooting process are all indispensable, and such as disclosed Chinese invention patent application number is
201210502119.X《A kind of digital planetarium》, patent 2013202620.4《A kind of ball curtain based on pearl eye projection lens is thrown
Shadow system》, Patent No. 201210290184.0《A kind of dual-purpose multimedia projection demonstration system of dome screen and dome》Etc..Flake
The use of camera lens determines the basic composition of ball curtain projection/optical projection system and wherein involved major technique key element certain
There is similarity in degree.And with regard to the published patent of fish eye lens, such as Patent No. 2012203724.7《Fish eye lens》、
201110431770.8《Imaging system and fish eye lens》、200710185280.8《The whole ball-type curtain projection of digital projector uses super
Big angle of visual field fish eye lens structure》、201010173497.9《A kind of five group of six chip fish eye lens base for digital projector
Plinth structure》、JP2005221955A《FISH-EYE LENSAND PROJECTION DISPLAY DEVICE USING IT》Deng
Deng, all it is the part variation in the lens optical structure of description and innovation, and these optical textures are all rotationally symmetrical along optical axis
, in order to distinguish with the present invention, deserve to be called for the time being and state patent optical texture and belong to " axially symmetric structure ", its optical characteristics is called "
Isotropism ", i.e. under in working order, " tradition that when camera lens rotates along optical axis, optical effect does not change, and can be called
Fish eye lens ".
In projection/projection process, both ball curtain and scialyscope image chip constitute certain correspondence and reflect by projection lens
Relation is penetrated, the mapping relations determine " the pixel utilization rate " of the digital projection/scialyscope chip of projection/projection process, " should utilize
Rate " is generally available the ratio of chip area approximately to embody, i.e. camera lens to be projected chip area area and core in screen
The ratio of the complete area of piece.Improve and the mapping relations of science be on the basis of ensureing that above-mentioned " utilization rate " is maximized, it is real
Now optimal projection/drop shadow effect.
According in disclosed all of ball curtain projection/optical projection system, ball curtain be or close spherical crown shape or spherical crown one
Part, its front view is that complete garden or circle lack.And it is well known that the image of the digital projection/scialyscope of evenly distributed " pixel "
Chip is rectangle, and there is certain length-width ratio, e.g., 16: 9,4: 3,16: 10 etc., due to traditional FISH EYE LENS OPTICS performance
With the axial-rotation symmetry of structure, it is impossible to set up complete between the image chip of ball curtain and digital projection/scialyscope "
Thing-as " surjection, limit optimal cases are also only by the sub-fraction on the image chip of digital projection/scialyscope --- with
The minor face of chip is the inscribe pixel within the circle on the long side of the tangent chip of diameter, is mapped on ball curtain, with the chip of length-width ratio 16: 9
As a example by, maximum pixel utilization rate only can reach 41%, and pixel utilization rate is very low, is said differently, and also result in the efficiency of light energy utilization
Lowly.
Lens properties or convenient analysis and research are described for convenience in optical engineering field, all assume there is phase in camera lens
Two virtual planes --- sagittal plane and meridional plane mutual vertical and that intersect at camera lens optical axis.In the sagitta of arc and meridional plane
And it is referred to as sagitta of arc direction and meridian direction perpendicular to the direction of optical axis, correspondingly, deviate other directions of the sagitta of arc and meridian direction
Then it is referred to as any direction.In general, the optical property of projection/projection lens determines by optical texture, optical texture mainly by
Various lens, reflecting mirror and various diaphragms composition, it is according to the type characteristic of optics work surface on lens, for example, standard sphere, ellipse
Sphere, parabola, taper seat, double cubic surface, even aspheric surface, odd aspheric surface etc., can be to the further restriction of lens and life
Name, double cubic surface lens are commonly used to construct the optical texture of meridian and sagitta of arc directional performance differentiation, to realize that camera lens is each
Heterotropic property, and cylindrical lenses are simplest forms in double cubic surface lens, and processing technique is more ripe,
Generally preferentially selected.
In film movie epoch, 35mm shade-types anamorphic and 70mm shade-type anamorphics
In, in order that answer print is normally broadcast, once there is " anamorphic projection camera lens ", generally in cinematograph projector when using
One group is installed before standard motion picture projection lens additional without burnt cylinder additional mirror to be amplified one direction visual field, camera lens picture is caused then
High to stretch and compress in meridian and sagitta of arc direction, this is telescope-type structure without burnt cylinder additional mirror, belongs to afocal system, is attached to
The focal length of former camera lens is not changed when before camera lens.Because the standard lens angle of visual field for being connected is typically within 45 °, so additional
The axial length and radial dimension of mirror still receives, and aberration control is also relatively easy.
Continue the design concept of distorting lenss, for identical angle of visual field angle value, if fish eye lens can be in meridian
There are different image heights with sagitta of arc direction, it is possible to build a kind of mapping relations, and adapt to digital projection/projector to greatest extent
The size of chip, so as to improve pixel utilization rate.For ball curtain projection/projection fish eye lens, due to curtain shape rotation it is right
Claim, it is desirable to which there is identical angle, also referred to as half field-of-view for the peripheral field ray relative optical axis of fish eye lens all directions
Angle, about 80 ° of this angle is even more big, then, camera lens full filed angle is greater than being equal to 160 °, if former according to telescope work
Reason, makes without burnt cylinder additional mirror, can both cause cylindrical distortion microscope group radial dimension to become too big and increase production cost, also can
The total length and gross weight for causing auxiliary lens is greatly increased and loses stability and reliability, more disadvantageously, in the face of such as
This big angle of visual field requires that the aberration of cylindrical telescope formula anamorphic attachment would become hard to carry out well-corrected.
Publication No. CN103439859A before the applicant, it is entitled《Based on the fish-eye ring curtain of two anisotropies
Projection/optical projection system unit》In, it is proposed that for the two anisotropies fish-eye concept of ring curtain, and give design side
Case.In ring curtain with two anisotropy fish eye lenses, meridian is different with sagitta of arc direction maximum field of view angle, and there is larger difference；Separately
Outward, in meridian and sagitta of arc direction, imaging law is different with imaging formula, only there is big distortion in a direction.And to being used for
For two anisotropy fish eye lenses of light engine position ball curtain, meridian and sagitta of arc direction should have the identical maximum functional angle of visual field,
Meridian is identical with sagitta of arc direction imaging law or slightly difference, and two directions have big distortion.
At present, evidence is there is no to show, it is fish-eye about two anisotropies for light engine position ball curtain projection/optical projection system
Research and pertinent literature report.For this reason, it is necessary to the fish-eye light of two anisotropies to light engine position ball curtain projection/optical projection system
Learn characteristic and optical structure featuring is developed and studied.
The content of the invention
In view of above-mentioned present situation, the invention provides a kind of two anisotropy fishes for light engine position ball curtain projection/optical projection system
Glasses head.On the basis of the key property for ensureing camera lens energy and specific numeral projection/scialyscope Perfect Matchings, in residing system
Configuration and applied environment it is constant under conditions of, only by the innovation of the characteristics design to camera lens and optical texture, set up ball curtain
The mapping relations of differentiation, arc of the differentiation mapping relations outstanding behaviours in camera lens and digital projection/scialyscope chip between
Resultant meridian direction, to increase the image field area that camera lens is formed to whole ball curtain inverse mapping, so as to improve light engine position ball curtain
Projection/optical projection system pixel utilization rate or the efficiency of light energy utilization.
The present invention technical solution be：A kind of two anisotropy flakes for light engine position ball curtain projection/optical projection system
Camera lens, is included in meridian direction, the two anisotropy fish eye lenses that the optical index in sagitta of arc direction has differences, the two anisotropies fish
Glasses head has following technical specification, performance indications and regular principle of equal effects optical structure featuring；Wherein：
Technical specification mainly includes：Non- similar imaging formula, distortion adjustment factor, maximum image height, visual field, focal length, as
Face position；
Performance indications include：Pixel utilization rate；
Imaging formula, distortion adjustment factor in the two anisotropies fish eye lens technical specification, the feature of maximum image height
For：Camera lens institute according to imaging formula it is identical, distortion adjustment factor may be the same or different, i.e., the sagitta of arc and the direction of meridian two institute according to
It is identical according to imaging formula, and the distortion adjustment factor in imaging formula can be with difference, the sagitta of arc and the direction of meridian two in camera lens,
Introduce big distortion, the image height of camera lens, focal length, the working field of view of Circular measure and distortion adjustment factor meet following formula：
Sagitta of arc direction：ysn=-ksfs′(ωxnπ/360), 0.5 ＜ ks＜ 1
Meridian direction：ytn=-ktft′(ωynπ/360), 0.5 ＜ kt＜ 1
Wherein, ysnIt is camera lens sagitta of arc direction in any working field of view (ωxn/ 2,0) the corresponding image height in place, maximum image height ys
Determine that maximum is y by Chip-wide size a of the digital projection/scialyscope for adoptings=a/2, fs' include sphere for camera lens
Lens and the sagitta of arc from the sagitta of arc to effective set of cylindrical lenses to focal length；ytnIt is camera lens meridian direction in any working field of view (0, ωyn/
2) the corresponding image height in place, maximum image height ytDetermined by chip height size b of the digital projection/scialyscope for being adopted, it is preferable
Value yt=b/2, ft' include spherical lenss and meridian to the meridian of effective cylindrical lenses to focal length for camera lens, if scialyscope chip
Length of side a be more than b, it is ensured that the effective means of camera lens increase pixel utilization rate are to try to increase the sagitta of arc to full filed image height ys, make ys
Numerical value closer to a/2, and make meridian to full filed image height ytLevel off to the maximum image height scope in b/2, i.e. camera lens sagitta of arc direction
It is：3b/4≤ys≤ a/2, i.e. ys≥1.5yt；And ksAnd ktRespectively the sagitta of arc to meridian to distortion adjustment factor, according to arc
Resultant meridian chooses distortion adjustment factor to maximum image height and maximum field of view, determines the focal length value of camera lens both direction；Distortion is adjusted
Section coefficient ksAnd ktCan be equal, but ksAnd ktSlightly difference can reduce the difficulty of structure aberration optimization, increase aberration in optimization design
The elasticity of control；
The feature of the visual field in the two anisotropies fish eye lens technical specification is：Its working field of view and corresponding picture point
Coordinate is stated using two-dimensional coordinate, picpointed coordinate (ysn, ytn) correspondence working field of view (ωxn/ 2, ωyn/ 2), if setting ωx/ 2 Hes
ωy/ 2 are respectively ω in actual requirement of engineeringxn/ 2 and ωyn/ 2 maximum, then ωx/ 2 and ωy/ 2 is the sagitta of arc and meridian to most
Big working field of view, ωx/ 2 and ωy/ 2 are equal or approximately equal, ωx/ 2 and ωyBulk, mirror of/2 angle value by ball curtain
Head is determined with the relative position relation of ball curtain, and corresponds to y respectivelysAnd yt, make ωx/ 2 and ωy/ 2 ultimate maximum can reach
100 °, two directions maximum full filed ωxAnd ωyIt is maximum reachable 200 °；
The focal length of the two anisotropies fish eye lens technical specification is characterized as that camera lens has not phase in the sagitta of arc with meridian direction
Deng extreme value focal length value, and other any direction focal length values are in two extreme value focal lengths are interval, i.e.,：fs' ＜ fr' ＜ ft′；
Wherein, fr′、fs′、ft' camera lens is respectively different from sagitta of arc direction, any direction of meridian direction, sagitta of arc side
To the focal length value of, meridian direction, there is determination focal length value in camera lens each any direction, the focal length value is in the sagitta of arc and meridian focal length
It is continuous in the range of value；
The feature of image planes position is in the two anisotropies fish eye lens technical specification：Lens optical back work distance is except wanting
Meet outside space length this custom requirements of projection/projector engine job demand, in addition it is also necessary to which camera lens is in the sagitta of arc and meridian side
Possess identical image planes position to holding, the condition for meeting the requirement is that camera lens meets relation in the focal length of the sagitta of arc and meridian direction：
fs'=ft′-d+ds/ns, wherein, d is that the interarea of the equivalent lens of all effective lens for being respectively at both direction is spaced, ds
It is the optical thickness of the equivalent lens of all effective lens in sagitta of arc direction, nsIt is the equivalent lens of all effective lens in sagitta of arc direction
Refractive index, fs'=ft′-d+ds/nsAlso determine that the camera lens sagitta of arc and the distribution of meridian direction focal power and two directions are equivalent simultaneously
The interarea interval of lens；
Pixel utilization rate in the two anisotropies fish eye lens performance indications, its calculate pixel utilization rate method be：Two
Anisotropy fish eye lens in light engine position ball curtain projection/optical projection system, the camera lens by the image planes of ball curtain inverse mapping to camera lens, meeting
The image field on an oval border is formed, the area of the image field is Se=π ysyt, according to imaging formula and scialyscope chip the ratio of width to height
A/b and aforementioned ys≥1.5ytCondition, can be the picture in the ball curtain inverse mapping of same size to digital projection/scialyscope chip
Domain area improves M=Se/ScTimes, i.e. a/b >=M >=1.5, vice versa, and two anisotropy fish eye lenses handle can be projected on ball curtain
Scialyscope chip on pixel count improve M times, that is, improve pixel utilization rate or the efficiency of light energy utilization, two anisotropy flake mirrors
This characteristic of head is the change of aforementioned mapping relations；The effective means for ensureing camera lens increase pixel utilization rate are to try to increase arc
Arrowhead full filed image height ys, make ysNumerical value closer to a/2 is but never more than, and make meridian to full filed image height yt=b/2, mirror
The maximum image height scope in head sagitta of arc direction is：3b/4≤ys≤ a/2, that is, ys≥1.5yt；Generally, it is public according to imaging
Formula, increases sagitta of arc maximum image height, needs to increase sagitta of arc focal length, and associated with camera lens visual field；
The fish-eye regular principle of equal effects optical texture design of two anisotropy, its regular principle of equal effects
Optical structure featuring is：Both there is work surface for some of standard sphere or plane in two anisotropy FISH EYE LENS OPTICS inside configurations
Coaxial spherical lens, also with some coaxial double cubic surface lens that work surface is plane or double cubic surface；It is described some
Double cubic surface lens be cylindrical lenses, all cylindrical lenses are divided into sagitta of arc set of cylindrical lenses and meridian set of cylindrical lenses, often
Individual set of cylindrical lenses can be a piece of lens or multi-disc lens, per a piece of lens at least one, most two cylinder work surfaces,
There is the optical interval more than or equal to zero each other in lens；
Two described anisotropy fish eye lenses apart from ball curtain closer to side for front, apart from projector chip closer to side
For rear, foundation lens type feature, regular principle of equal effects optical texture, including the first lens being arranged in order from front to back
Group, is a piece of lens, and work surface forward is cylinder, and work surface backwards is sphere, is negative focal power；Second lens group, is two
To four lens, all spheres in all working face；3rd lens group, is two to four lens, and all working face is cylinder
Or plane；4th lens group, is two to four lens, all spheres in all working face；5th lens group, is one to two saturating
Mirror, at least one cylinder work surface, remaining is sphere work surface；Aperture diaphragm A；6th lens group, is three to eight lens,
All working face is sphere or plane, is positive focal power；
The bus keeping parallelism of each cylinder work surface in described the first lens group and the 3rd lens group, constitutes sagitta of arc cylinder
Lens group；The bus keeping parallelism of each cylinder work surface in the 5th lens group, constitutes meridian set of cylindrical lenses；Firstth, the 3rd
The bus of the cylinder work surface in the bus and the 5th lens group of the cylinder work surface in lens group is mutually perpendicular to.
Regularity principle of equal effects optical structure featuring of the invention, according to the characteristics of lens group function, wherein, the first lens
Group, acts primarily as the effect of increase angular magnification and manufacture focal length differentiation；Second lens group, acts primarily as balance visual field dependent aberration
With the effect for reducing the first lens group clear aperture；3rd lens group, acts primarily as manufacture focus difference disassimilation；4th lens
Group, acts primarily as the dependent aberration effect of the balance aperture of the diaphragm；5th lens group, acts primarily as balance aperture diaphragm coma, ensures the sagitta of arc
With meridian to the effect with identical aperture diaphragm diameter；Aperture diaphragm is set afterwards, for limiting camera lens thang-kng ability, hole
Footpath diaphragm does not have particularity；6th lens group, acts primarily as the effect of the various residual aberrations of zero-sum and adjustment optics back work distance.
The present invention on the basis of regular principle of equal effects optical texture, according to the sagitta of arc and meridian to focal length value and focal distance ratio
Difference requirement, different situations, the basis of the light engine arrangement parameter of the scialyscope of the different technologies type matched according to camera lens
Concrete engineering need different indexs and geometrical aberration balance require determine and configure each lens group concrete lens numbers and
Structural parameters, and form specific lens optical structure.
Two anisotropy fish eye lenses of the invention employ the most frequently used non-similar imaging formula of " equidistant projection " formula to be carried out
Principle explanation, but, characteristics design scheme of the present invention possesses the potentiality using other types imaging formula, for example, can adopt fish
" waiting three-dimensional angular projection " formula so-called in glasses head optical theory system, " projection of body formula " formula, " rectangular projection " formula imaging formula,
And step involved in described characteristics design scheme, method, regular principle of equal effects optical texture are constant.
The present invention is met to sagitta of arc maximum image height ys, meridian maximum image height ytBetween relation ys≥1.5yt, or work as yt≤ys
≤1.5ytWhen, involved step, method, regular principle of equal effects optical texture are constant in described characteristics design scheme.
According to such scheme in the specific implementation process for arbitrary engineering, the choosing of involved such as optical material
Take, the formation of structural parameters, the processing method of the vague generalization problem such as aberration optimization and control, and design traditional fish-eye place
Reason method is consistent, does not have specific characteristics, and meets common practice in the industry.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows：By characteristics design scheme and basic optical organization plan, produce fish eye lens
Each gradual change type focal length to differentiation, under the conditions of identical working field of view angle value, realizes the camera lens sagitta of arc and the direction of meridian two
Image height difference, define new anisotropic mapping principle, change tradition it is fish-eye it is isotropic mapping close
System；In light engine position ball curtain projection optical projection system, by using such camera lens, ball curtain inverse mapping can be increased considerably to projector
Mapping domain area on chip, improves pixel utilization rate or claims at least 1.5 times of the efficiency of light energy utilization；So that the projection of light engine position ball curtain/
The adaptability of optical projection system scheme is bigger, energy-conserving and environment-protective.
Description of the drawings
A, b figure is cuing open along meridian direction and along sagitta of arc direction for the regular principle of equal effects optical texture of the present invention in Fig. 1
Face view；
Fig. 2 is according to regular principle of equal effects optical texture Fig. 1, a concrete optical texture of formation, a, b figure point therein
It is not along meridian direction and along sagitta of arc directional profile figure；
Fig. 3 is a, b figure in Fig. 2 along meridian direction and the optical circuit path figure along sagitta of arc directional profile；
When Fig. 4 is to build light engine position ball curtain projection/optical projection system respectively with traditional fish eye lens using the present invention, projection/
Effective pixel area comparison diagram on scialyscope chip；
Fig. 5 is the transfer curve figure of camera lens shown in Fig. 3.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiment, the invention will be further described.
According to general technical design, for two anisotropy fish eye lenses of light engine position ball curtain projection/optical projection system,
Ensure camera lens can and the key property of specific numeral projection/scialyscope Perfect Matchings on the basis of, residing system configuration and
Under conditions of applied environment is constant, only by the innovation of the characteristics design to camera lens and optical texture, sets up ball curtain and numeral is put
Reflect/scialyscope chip between differentiation mapping relations, the sagitta of arc and meridian of the differentiation mapping relations outstanding behaviours in camera lens
The differentiation in direction, to increase the image field area that camera lens is formed to whole ball curtain inverse mapping, puts so as to improve light engine position ball curtain
Reflect/optical projection system pixel utilization rate or the efficiency of light energy utilization, implementation process in two sub-sections, including the fish-eye spy of two anisotropies
Property design and regular principle of equal effects optical texture design；Wherein：
According to the fish-eye characteristics design scheme of two anisotropies, the technical parameters and performance for determining camera lens is needed to refer to first
Mark, technical specification mainly includes：Non- similar imaging law, distortion adjustment factor, two directions maximum image height, the work of two directions are regarded
Field, focal length, image planes position etc.；Performance indications mainly include pixel utilization rate；
Determine method according to two anisotropy fish eye lens technical specifications, the direction of camera lens two institute is identical, abnormal according to imaging formula
Become adjustment factor can different, maximum image height it is different, i.e., it is identical according to imaging formula with the direction of meridian two institute in the sagitta of arc, and be imaged public
Distortion adjustment factor in formula can be introduced and distorted greatly with difference, the sagitta of arc and the direction of meridian two in camera lens, the image height of camera lens,
Focal length, the working field of view angle of Circular measure and distortion adjustment factor meet following formula：
Sagitta of arc direction：ysn=-ksfs′(ωxnπ/360), 0.5 ＜ ks＜ 1
Meridian direction：ytn=-ktft′(ωynπ/360), 0.5 ＜ kt＜ 1
Wherein, ysnIt is camera lens sagitta of arc direction in any working field of view angle (ωxn/ 2,0) the corresponding image height in place, maximum picture
High ysDetermine that maximum is y by Chip-wide size a of the digital projection/scialyscope for adoptings=a/2, fs' include for camera lens
Spherical lenss and the sagitta of arc from the sagitta of arc to effective set of cylindrical lenses to focal length；ytnIt is camera lens meridian direction at any working field of view angle
(0, ωyn/ 2) the corresponding image height in place, maximum image height ytDetermined by chip height size b of the digital projection/scialyscope for being adopted
Fixed, maximum is yt=b/2, ft' include spherical lenss and meridian to the meridian of effective cylindrical lenses to focal length for camera lens.Protect
The effective means of card camera lens increase pixel utilization rate are to try to increase the sagitta of arc to full filed image height ys, make ysNumerical value closer to a/
2, and remain that meridian takes maximum b/2 to full filed image height, then yt=b/2, works as ys＞ ytWhen, it is possible to ensure pixel profit
With rate more than traditional fish eye lens, because traditional fish eye lens meridian and sagitta of arc maximum image height are equal, the optical characteristics of the present invention
In design, the sagitta of arc to maximum image height span is 3b/4≤ys≤ a/2, the sagitta of arc and meridian to the relation of maximum image height is
ys≥1.5yt；
ksAnd ktRespectively the sagitta of arc to meridian to distortion adjustment factor, its interval is between 0.5～1.0, can be first
Choosing distortion adjustment factor ksAnd ktIt is equal, and in any value of the interval, but ksAnd ktSlightly difference can reduce structure aberration
The difficulty of optimization, increases the elasticity of aberration control in optimization design, can slightly adjust in the aberration optimizing phase；
The camera lens working field of view angle and corresponding picpointed coordinate are stated using two-dimensional coordinate, picpointed coordinate (ysn, ytn)
Correspondence working field of view angle (ωxn/ 2, ωyn/ 2), if setting ωx/ 2 and ωy/ 2 are respectively ω in actual requirement of engineeringxn/ 2 Hes
ωyn/ 2 maximum, then ωx/ 2 and ωy/ 2 is the sagitta of arc and meridian to maximum functional visual field value, then (ωx/ 2,0) correspondence (ys,
0)；(0, ωy/ 2) correspond to (0, yt)；
According to imaging formula and the sagitta of arc and meridian working field of view angle, the situation of maximum image height and distortion adjustment factor and appoint
The maximum image height y for takings=nytCondition, 1.5 ＜ n ＜ a/b then can determine the camera lens sagitta of arc and meridian focal length value, ft' and fs′；
Two anisotropy fish eye lenses have extreme value focal length value in the sagitta of arc and meridian direction, and other any direction focal length values are equal
In two extreme value focal lengths are interval, i.e.,：fs' ＜ fr' ＜ ft′；
Wherein, fr′、fs′、ft' be respectively camera lens in any direction, sagitta of arc direction, the focal length value of meridian direction；All directions
The seriality of focal length value and the extremum property in an interval, can ensure image field border also in a controllable fixed interval；
The camera lens keep image planes away from or optics back work distance identical condition, while also determining the camera lens sagitta of arc and meridian side
Relational expression to focal power distribution is that camera lens meets relation in the focal length of the sagitta of arc and meridian direction：
fs'=ft′-d+ds/ns；
Wherein, d be the equivalent lens of all effective lens for being respectively at both direction interarea interval, dsIt is sagitta of arc side
To the optical thickness of the equivalent lens of all effective lens, nsIt is the refraction of the equivalent lens of all effective lens in sagitta of arc direction
Rate, the conditional relationship formula by for determine the camera lens sagitta of arc and meridian to focal power distribution and determine interval；
According to the calculating of pixel utilization rate and Promotion Strategy, two anisotropy flakes in two anisotropy fish eye lens performance indications
Camera lens is by, into the image field on oval border, the area of the image field is S in the image planes of ball curtain inverse mapping to camera lense=π ysyt, and it is traditional
Ball curtain inverse image formed by fish eye lens is the image field of round edge circle, and the area of the image field is Sc=π yt 2, according to formula ys=nytBar
Part, 1.5≤n≤a/b can be obtained, for the relatively conventional fish eye lens of two anisotropy fish eye lenses, can the ball curtain of same size is inverse
The image field area being mapped on digital projection/scialyscope chip improves M=Se/ScTimes, i.e. M=n, pixel utilization rate is carried
Rise, vice versa, and two anisotropy fish eye lenses improve M times the pixel count on the scialyscope chip that can be projected on ball curtain,
Pixel utilization rate or the efficiency of light energy utilization are improve, if it is desired, also can be by readjusting the focal length and maximum in sagitta of arc direction
Image height, further to improve pixel utilization rate, but the maximum Restricted Digital projection/scialyscope chip that lifted of pixel utilization rate
The ratio of width to height a/b.
After determining the technical parameters and performance index of the present embodiment, so that it may further according to regular principle of equal effects optics
Building two anisotropy FISH EYE LENS OPTICS structures, the fish-eye optical texture of two anisotropies comes from biography to structural design scheme
System fish eye lens structure, but there is peculiar optical structure featuring fish-eye different from tradition.
Two anisotropy FISH EYE LENS OPTICS structures, and traditional fish eye lens has certain dependency, individually investigate two to different
The fish-eye meridian of property or sagitta of arc direction, its structure is the high complexity of traditional fish eye lens structure, two anisotropy flakes
It is traditional fish eye lens structure that lens construction can be assumed that in any direction, and described peculiar optical structure featuring is referred to,
Structure has significantly different on the basis of general character with conventional structure feature, and the general character basis of conventional structure feature includes：There is ball
There is front lens group before and after face lens and aperture diaphragm, aperture diaphragm and rear microscope group, all microscope groups and aperture diaphragm have been mounted in and have propped up
In the lens barrel that the metal or engineering plastics of support fixation makes, exist by metal or engineering plastics make to ensure lens
Or the part such as spacer ring at lens group interval, above common problem, statement is omitted in embodiment.
Optical structure featuring of the present invention is：In order to realize the two of camera lens to property difference, two anisotropy FISH EYE LENS OPTICSs
Inside configuration in addition to the coaxial spherical lens with some standards, also with work surface for double cubic surface some biquadratics
Toroidal lenss, are commonly called as tire mirror, and the present embodiment is reduces cost and reduces lens processing and optics resetting difficulty, maximizes and simplify
Double cubic surface lens the simplest, i.e. cylindrical lenses are adopted in technique, structure.According to residing for the segment of a cylinder of cylindrical lenses
The sagitta of arc and meridional plane difference describing, all cylindrical lenses are divided into sagitta of arc set of cylindrical lenses and meridian set of cylindrical lenses,
Each set of cylindrical lenses can be a piece of lens or several lens, per a piece of lens at least one, most two cylinder works
Make face, lens have each other the optical interval more than or equal to zero, all cylindrical lenses central column faces containing cylinder work surface
The flat passerby of center bus of work surface is considered as one group, i.e., the center bus of all cylinder work surfaces respectively in sagittal plane and
In meridional plane, and the center bus of two groups of set of cylindrical lenses is mutually perpendicular to, and, all cylinders are in lens opening diaphragm
Phase the same side, i.e. be in apart from ball curtain closer to that side.
The regular principle of equal effects optical structure chart of the present invention is given in Fig. 1, a figures therein are cuing open along meridian direction
Face figure, b figures are the profiles cut open along sagitta of arc direction.Two anisotropy fish eye lenses of the invention, using regular principle of equal effects light
Structure is learned, with the concept of " equivalent " in optical theory, lens group instead of using monolithic equivalent lens, described from both direction
The characteristics of principle of equal effects optical texture, including the distribution situation of cylinder work surface.Two anisotropy fish eye lenses apart from ball curtain closer to
Side for front, apart from projector chip closer to side be after, then, regular principle of equal effects optical texture includes an aperture
Diaphragm and the six feature lens groups arranged successively from front to back, have five lens groups, after aperture diaphragm before aperture diaphragm
There is a lens group.Two described anisotropy fish eye lenses, including the first lens group 101, second being arranged in order from front to back
Lens group 102, the 3rd lens group 103, the 4th lens group 104, the 5th lens group 105, aperture diaphragm A and the 6th lens group 106.
Further the equivalent lens group of each equivalent lens in Fig. 1 is described in detail, the feature of each lens group is：The
One lens group 101 is a piece of lens, and work surface forward is cylinder, and work surface backwards is sphere, is negative focal power；Second lens
Group 102, is two to four lens, all spheres in all working face；3rd lens group 103, is two to four lens, Suo Yougong
Cylinder or plane are as face；4th lens group 104, is two to four lens, all spheres in all working face；5th lens
Group 105, is one to two lens, at least one cylinder work surface, and remaining is sphere work surface；6th lens group 106, is three
To eight lens, all working face is sphere or plane, is positive focal power；
The bus keeping parallelism of each cylinder work surface in described the first lens group 101 and the 3rd lens group 103, constitutes arc
Arrow set of cylindrical lenses；The bus keeping parallelism of each cylinder work surface in the 5th lens group 105, constitutes meridian set of cylindrical lenses；
The bus of the cylinder work surface in the bus and the 5th lens group 105 of the cylinder work surface in the first, the 3rd lens group 101,103
It is mutually perpendicular to.
In above-mentioned, mark A in Fig. 1 is lens opening diaphragm, identifies the light that B is adopted digital projection/scialyscope
The equivalent simulation flat board of prism group in engine, (B is originally not belonging to lens construction, but optical computing and aberration optimization need to consider the mould
Intend flat board), identify the imaging surface that C is camera lens, i.e. the chip location of digital projection projector；Wherein, the first lens group
101, act primarily as the effect of increase angular magnification and manufacture focal length differentiation；Second lens group 102, acts primarily as balance visual field related
The effect of the first lens group clear aperture of aberration and diminution；3rd lens group 103, acts primarily as manufacture focus difference disassimilation；The
Four lens groups 104, act primarily as balance aperture of the diaphragm A dependent aberration effects；5th lens group 105, acts primarily as balance aperture diaphragm A
Coma and the guarantee sagitta of arc and meridian are to the effect with same apertures diaphragm A diameters；The aperture diaphragm A for arranging afterwards, for limiting
Horizontal glass head thang-kng ability, aperture diaphragm A does not have particularity, is the 6th lens group 106 after aperture diaphragm A, and the 6th lens group is main
Play the various residual aberrations of zero-sum and adjustment optics back work distance.
In the present invention, according to what is required to the difference of focal length value and focal distance ratio the sagitta of arc and meridian, matched according to camera lens
The different situations of the light engine arrangement parameter of the scialyscope of different technologies type, the different indexs needed according to concrete engineering come true
Concrete lens numbers and composition form fixed and that configure each lens group；Fully take into account non aberration conditions and as matter require
Under the premise of, in the traditional fish eye lens structure of design and optical design theoretical basiss, further by regular principle of equal effects optics
Each lens group in structure Fig. 1 is complicated, embodied, then can build the concrete optics knot of camera lens for meeting certain specific needs
Structure.
For convenience of describing, illustrate below by way of one specific requirement of engineering of setting, the accurate light engine position ball curtain projection of bidding/
In optical projection system, two anisotropy fish eye lens emergent pupils are located at the centre of sphere of standard ball curtain, camera lens optical axis and the symmetrical overlapping of axles of ball curtain, and
Ball curtain has 160 ° of centre of sphere angle --- through the plane and ball curtain edge of ball curtain axis of symmetry intersect 2 points of gained respectively with ball
Heart straight line connects the angle to be formed, and system has the main flow high-definition digital projector of 1.38 inch chips, core using 3DMD types
Piece pixel count is 4096*2160.According to case above, it is known that the sagitta of arc of camera lens and meridian maximum full filed angle are 160 °, that
, the maximum sagitta of arc and meridian working field of view angle during lens design be just 80 °, and the length and wide size that will also realize that chip is about
31mm and 16.35mm, also knows that the engine prism structure and parameter of digital projection/scialyscope, including engine prism material and thickness
Degree, requirement of camera lens back work distance etc.；
The y in this concrete engineeringt=b/2=8.17mm, arbitrarily takes ys=1.52yt, i.e. ys=12.42mm；Keep distortion
Adjustment factor ksAnd ktIt is equal, appoint and take ks=kt=0.75, then according to imaging formula and above given condition, it may be determined that camera lens
The sagitta of arc and meridian focal length value, fs=12.21mm, ft=8.035mm；Can obtain, relatively conventional fish eye lens, mirror in this concrete application
The pixel utilization rate of head improves 52%, and the ultimate value that pixel utilization rate is lifted is for about 90%；Further according to focal length value and
There is the known case of cylindrical lenses before diaphragm, by formula fs'=ft′-d+ds/nsCan determine that the sagitta of arc and meridian to equivalent light it is burnt
Interarea interval between degree lens, and ensure that the camera lens sagitta of arc and meridian direction have identical image planes position with this；Formula fs' ＜ fr' ＜
ft' and each any direction have determination focal length value, it is ensured that camera lens all directions have solution, namely ensure each any visual field
Light can be normal through camera lens light path；Non aberration conditions are being fully taken into account, in optical design theoretical basiss, further will
Each lens group in regular principle of equal effects optical texture Fig. 1 is complicated, embodied, then can build the camera lens for meeting needs
Concrete optical texture, such as Fig. 2；
Fig. 2 is regular principle of equal effects structure Fig. 1 of the invention and concrete engineering set by the satisfaction that formed is used
Concrete lens optical structure chart, it along meridian direction, b figures is along sagitta of arc directional profile view, for illustrating each that wherein a figures are
The composition situation of lens group.Still just comprising an aperture diaphragm and six lens groups in Fig. 2, be arranged in order from front to back for：The
One lens group 201, is a piece of lens, and work surface forward is cylinder, and work surface backwards is sphere, and in front and back Jiao is born in two directions
Degree；Second lens group 202, is three lens, thereon all spheres in all working face；3rd lens group 203, is three saturating
Mirror, thereon all working face be cylinder or plane；4th lens group 204, is four lens, and thereon all working face is all
Sphere；5th lens group 205, is a piece of lens, and a work surface thereon is cylinder and forward, and another work surface is ball
Face；Aperture diaphragm A2 is set afterwards, and aperture diaphragm A2 does not have particularity, is the 6th lens group 206 after aperture diaphragm A2, the 6th
Lens group 206, is positive focal power, is seven lens, and thereon all working face is sphere or plane.First lens group therein
201 and the 3rd each cylinder work surface in lens group 203 bus keeping parallelism, constitute sagitta of arc set of cylindrical lenses；And the 5th lens
The bus keeping parallelism of the cylinder work surface in group 205, constitutes meridian set of cylindrical lenses；Firstth, in the 3rd lens group 201,203
Cylinder work surface bus and the 5th lens group 205 in the bus of cylinder work surface be mutually perpendicular to.Second lens group 202,
Each lens in 3rd lens group 203, the 4th lens group 204, the 6th lens group 206 are independent or deposited in the form of with gluing
Depending on the needs of aberration balancing.Mark RI, R8, R9, R10, R11 in first lens group 201 and the 3rd lens group 203,
R12 is cylinder work surface of six buses parallel to sagittal surface, is simple processing, and R10, R11 are processed as plane (plane by spy
It is regarded as special cylinder), the mark R19 in the 5th lens group 205 is cylinder work surface of the bus parallel to meridian plane, in figure
Unlabelled work surface is standard sphere.
For the lens optical structure shown in Fig. 2, data file is set up, aberration school is carried out using optics specialty popular software
Just with balance, structure optimization, Boundary Condition Control, and in view of the impact of digital projection/projector engine prism, met
The structure detailed data of requirement, is shown in Table 1：
The embodiment lens optical structure detailed data (long measure of table 1：Mm, sagitta of arc cylinder refers to the parallel sagittal surface of bus, son
Noon cylinder is the parallel meridian plane of bus)
According to the present invention, the two anisotropy fish eye lenses embodied for certain specific engineering, its concrete optical texture reality
It is involved such as the selection of optical material, the formation of structural parameters, aberration optimization and thin the problems such as control etc. during existing
Section processing method and principle, with the traditional fish-eye processing method of design as principle, do not have specific characteristics, and meet industry
Interior common practice.
Fig. 3 is the optical circuit path of the concrete lens optical structure of concrete engineering needs set by satisfaction after optimized process
Figure, data in the figure correspondence table 1, a, b figure therein is respectively the profile cut open along meridian plane, sagittal surface.It is succinct for figure
Readability, only sets forth the opticpath of two extreme visual fields in a, b figure, the setting of projector engine prism is given in figure
Flat board, but not comprising the making to the setting flat board during making camera lens.
Fig. 4 is seen, for same application environment, the two anisotropy fish eye lenses of the present embodiment and traditional fish eye lens formation
Image field is contrasted.A figures are the image field that traditional fish eye lens is formed in figure, and b figures are the image field that two anisotropy fish eye lenses are formed, and c schemes
For the chip DMD of digital projection/scialyscope.It can be seen that the image field area that the anisotropy fish eye lens of b figures two is formed is significantly greater than a figures
The fish-eye image field area of tradition.
Fig. 5 is the fish-eye transfer curve figure of the anisotropy of the present embodiment two.The longitudinal axis is Nyquist frequency value, horizontal
Axle is per millimeter of demand pairs, describes two anisotropy fish eye lenses in the optical resolution level of each two-dimensional field of view or solution picture
Ability, these visual fields contain the resolution of the sagitta of arc, meridian direction and any direction between this two direction.
Design of the invention, by certain simple change other many specific two anisotropies flake mirrors can be also formed
Head optical texture, variation pattern is optical design conventional means, processes including the division to certain lens or lens group, increases saturating
Mirror quantity, certain plane work surface of certain lens is changing into cylinder or double cubic surface, cylinder work surface is changing into more one
As property double cubic surface, sphere is changing into more generally double cubic surface；In addition, two anisotropy fish eye lens structures, lead to
Simple change is crossed with reference to software optimization process, can be used as traditional fish eye lens structure, these modifications, including in structure
Cylinder work surface be revised as plane or sphere.
The two anisotropy fish eye lenses of the present invention can also be used for the projection to imperfect ball curtain with projection, and imperfect ball curtain is
Refer to that the ball curtain is not complete spherical crown, but a part for spherical crown, its front view is round scarce.For the application of imperfect ball curtain, still
Camera lens exit pupil position need to be ensured at the centre of sphere of ball curtain, but camera lens optical axis need to deviate the center of digital projection/scialyscope chip
Axis of symmetry, the meridian of camera lens also should be adjusted to maximum image height according to practical situation, and be no longer equal to the half of Chip-wide, and be wanted
More than the half of Chip-wide, now, pixel utilization rate or the efficiency of light energy utilization can also be greatly improved.
Two anisotropy fish eye lenses of the invention can also be sexually revised by being directed to, and be used for the shooting of ball curtain film, be done
Change around traditional performance matching carry out, wherein involved design concept and the present invention should be completely the same.
The present invention on the basis of regular principle of equal effects optical texture, according to the sagitta of arc and meridian to focal length value and focal distance ratio
Difference requirement, different situations, the basis of the light engine arrangement parameter of the scialyscope of the different technologies type matched according to camera lens
Concrete engineering need different indexs and geometrical aberration balance require determine and configure each lens group concrete lens numbers and
Structural parameters, and form specific lens optical structure.
Two anisotropy fish eye lenses of the invention employ the most frequently used non-similar imaging formula of " equidistant projection " formula to be carried out
Principle explanation and elaboration, but, the present invention possesses the potentiality using other types imaging formula, for example, using fish eye lens light
The imaging formulas such as " waiting three-dimensional angular projection " formula, " projection of body formula " formula, " rectangular projection " formula alleged by theory, and in technical scheme
Key step, main method, principle of equal effects optical texture it is constant.
The present invention is except for sagitta of arc maximum image height ys, meridian maximum image height ytBetween relation ys≥1.5ytPrinciple is carried out
Outside illustrating and illustrating, and work as yt≤ys≤1.5ytWhen, involved other factors, i.e. key step, master in technical scheme
Want method, principle of equal effects optical texture constant, the present invention similarly sets up, simply now, pixel utilization rate lifts amplitude less,
Use value will give a discount.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of two anisotropy fish eye lenses for light engine position ball curtain projection/optical projection system, is characterized in that, be included in meridian side
To the two anisotropy fish eye lenses that the optical index in, sagitta of arc direction has differences, the two anisotropies fish eye lens has following skill
Art index, performance indications and regular principle of equal effects optical structure featuring；Wherein：
Technical specification mainly includes：Non- similar imaging formula, distortion adjustment factor, maximum image height, visual field, focal length, image planes position
Put；
Performance indications include：Pixel utilization rate；
Imaging formula, distortion adjustment factor in the two anisotropies fish eye lens technical specification, the feature of maximum image height are：Mirror
Head institute according to imaging formula is identical, distortion adjustment factor may be the same or different, i.e., the sagitta of arc and the direction foundation of meridian two into
Picture formula is identical, and the distortion adjustment factor in imaging formula is different, the sagitta of arc and the direction of meridian two in camera lens, introduces big abnormal
Become, the image height of camera lens, focal length, the working field of view of Circular measure and distortion adjustment factor meet following formula：
Sagitta of arc direction：ysn=-ksfs′(ωxnπ/360), 0.5 ＜ ks＜ 1
Meridian direction：ytn=-ktft′(ωynπ/360), 0.5 ＜ kt＜ 1
Wherein, ysnIt is camera lens sagitta of arc direction in any working field of view (ωxn/ 2,0) the corresponding image height in place, maximum image height ysBy adopting
Chip-wide size a of digital projection/scialyscope determines that maximum is ys=a/2, fs' include spherical lenss for camera lens
With the sagitta of arc from the sagitta of arc to effective set of cylindrical lenses to focal length；ytnIt is camera lens meridian direction in any working field of view (0, ωyn/ 2) place
Corresponding image height, maximum image height ytDetermined by chip height size b of the digital projection/scialyscope for being adopted, ideal value yt=
B/2, ft' include spherical lenss and meridian to the meridian of effective cylindrical lenses to focal length for camera lens, if the side of scialyscope chip
Long a is more than b, then the effective means for ensureing camera lens increase pixel utilization rate are to increase the sagitta of arc to full filed image height ys, make ysNumerical value
Closer to a/2, and meridian is made to full filed image height ytThe maximum image height scope in b/2, i.e. camera lens sagitta of arc direction of leveling off to is：3b/4
≤ys≤ a/2, i.e. ys≥1.5yt；And ksAnd ktRespectively the sagitta of arc to meridian to distortion adjustment factor, according to the sagitta of arc and son
Noon, to maximum image height and maximum field of view, chooses distortion adjustment factor, determines the focal length value of camera lens both direction；Distortion adjustment factor
ksAnd ktIt is equal, but ksAnd ktSlightly difference can reduce the difficulty of structure aberration optimization, increase the bullet of aberration control in optimization design
Property；
The feature of the visual field in the two anisotropies fish eye lens technical specification is：Working field of view and corresponding picpointed coordinate are adopted
Stated with two-dimensional coordinate, picpointed coordinate (ysn, ytn) correspondence working field of view (ωxn/ 2, ωyn/ 2), if setting ωx/ 2 and ωy/ 2 points
Wei not ω in actual requirement of engineeringxn/ 2 and ωyn/ 2 maximum, then ωx/ 2 and ωy/ 2 is that the sagitta of arc and meridian are regarded to maximum functional
, ωx/ 2 and ωy/ 2 are equal or approximately equal, ωx/ 2 and ωy/ 2 angle value is by the bulk of ball curtain, camera lens and ball curtain
Relative position relation determine, and respectively correspond to ysAnd yt, make ωx/ 2 and ωy/ 2 ultimate maximum can reach 100 °, and two
Direction maximum full filed ωxAnd ωyIt is maximum reachable 200 °；
The focal length of the two anisotropies fish eye lens technical specification is characterized as that camera lens has unequal in the sagitta of arc and meridian direction
Extreme value focal length value, and other any direction focal length values are interval interior in two extreme value focal lengths, i.e.,：fs' ＜ fr' ＜ ft′；
Wherein, fr′、fs′、ft' camera lens is respectively different from sagitta of arc direction, any direction of meridian direction, sagitta of arc direction, son
Noon direction focal length value, there is determination focal length value in camera lens each any direction, the focal length value is in the sagitta of arc and meridian focal length value model
Enclose interior continuous；
The feature of image planes position is in the two anisotropies fish eye lens technical specification：Lens optical back work distance is except meeting
Outside the space length of projection/projector engine job demand this custom requirements, in addition it is also necessary to which camera lens is protected in the sagitta of arc and meridian direction
Hold and possess identical image planes position, the condition for meeting the requirement is that camera lens meets relation in the focal length of the sagitta of arc and meridian direction：fs'=
ft′-d+ds/ns, wherein, d is that the interarea of the equivalent lens of all effective lens for being respectively at both direction is spaced, dsIt is arc
The optical thickness of the equivalent lens of all effective lens in arrow direction, nsIt is the folding of the equivalent lens of all effective lens in sagitta of arc direction
Penetrate rate, fs'=ft′-d+ds/nsThe camera lens sagitta of arc and the distribution of meridian direction focal power and two direction equivalent lens are also determined simultaneously
Interarea interval；
Pixel utilization rate is in the two anisotropies fish eye lens performance indications：Two anisotropy fish eye lenses are put in light engine position ball curtain
Reflect/optical projection system in, then the camera lens in the image planes of ball curtain inverse mapping to camera lens, will can form the image field on an oval border,
The area of the image field is Se=π ysyt, and ball curtain inverse image formed by traditional fish eye lens is the image field of round edge circle, the image field
Area beAccording to imaging formula and scialyscope chip the ratio of width to height a/b and aforementioned ys≥1.5ytCondition, can
, for the relatively conventional fish eye lens of two anisotropy fish eye lenses, can be the ball curtain inverse mapping of same size to numeral projection/throwing
Image field area on shadow movement piece improves M=Se/ScTimes, i.e. a/b >=M >=1.5, vice versa, two anisotropy fish eye lens handles
The pixel count that can be projected on the scialyscope chip on ball curtain improves M times, that is, improve pixel utilization rate or the efficiency of light energy utilization,
The fish-eye this characteristic of two anisotropies is the change of aforementioned mapping relations；Ensure camera lens increase pixel utilization rate has efficacious prescriptions
Formula is to increase the sagitta of arc to full filed image height ys, make ysNumerical value closer to a/2 is but never more than, and make meridian to full filed image height
yt=b/2, the maximum image height scope in camera lens sagitta of arc direction is：3b/4≤ys≤ a/2, that is, ys≥1.5yt；It is public according to imaging
Formula, increases sagitta of arc maximum image height, needs to increase sagitta of arc focal length, and associated with camera lens visual field；
The fish-eye regular principle of equal effects optical structure featuring of two anisotropy is：Two anisotropy FISH EYE LENS OPTICSs are tied
Both there are some coaxial spherical lens that work surface is standard sphere or plane inside structure, be plane or double two also with work surface
The some coaxial double cubic surface lens of secondary curved surface；Some double cubic surface lens are cylindrical lenses, and all cylinders are saturating
Mirror is divided into sagitta of arc set of cylindrical lenses and meridian set of cylindrical lenses, and each set of cylindrical lenses can be a piece of lens or multi-disc lens, often
On a piece of lens at least one, most two cylinder work surfaces, there is the optical interval more than or equal to zero each other in lens；
The two anisotropies fish eye lens apart from ball curtain closer to side for front, apart from projector chip closer to side be after,
According to lens type feature, regular principle of equal effects optical texture, including the first lens group being arranged in order from front to back
(101) it is, a piece of lens, work surface forward is cylinder, and work surface backwards is sphere, is negative focal power；Second lens group
(102) it is, two to four lens, all spheres in all working face；3rd lens group (103), is two to four lens, is owned
Work surface is cylinder or plane；4th lens group (104), is two to four lens, all spheres in all working face；5th
Lens group (105), is one to two lens, at least one cylinder work surface, and remaining is sphere work surface；Aperture diaphragm A；Just
6th lens group (106) of focal power is three to eight lens, and each work surface is sphere or plane, is positive focal power；
The bus keeping parallelism of each cylinder work surface in first lens group (101) and the 3rd lens group (103), constitutes the sagitta of arc
Set of cylindrical lenses；The bus keeping parallelism of each cylinder work surface in the 5th lens group (105), constitutes meridian set of cylindrical lenses；
Cylinder work surface in the bus and the 5th lens group (105) of the cylinder work surface in the first, the 3rd lens group (101,103)
Bus is mutually perpendicular to.
2. two anisotropy fish eye lenses for light engine position ball curtain projection/optical projection system according to claim 1, its feature
Be, imaging formula according to FISH EYE LENS OPTICS theoretical system in " wait three-dimensional angular projection " formula, " projection of body formula " formula, " orthogonal
Projection " formula, and the fish-eye regular principle of equal effects optical structure featuring for obtaining is constant.
3. two anisotropy fish eye lenses for light engine position ball curtain projection/optical projection system according to claim 1, its feature
It is, sagitta of arc maximum image height ys, meridian maximum image height ytBetween relation meet ys≥1.5ytOr yt≤ys≤1.5ytWhen, and obtain
Fish-eye regular principle of equal effects optical structure featuring it is constant.
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| WO2023204757A1 (en) * | 2022-04-21 | 2023-10-26 | Prizm Optics Pte. Ltd. | Surround viewing using a fisheye lens and one or more wedge prisms |
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| JP2005221955A (en) * | 2004-02-09 | 2005-08-18 | Fujinon Corp | Fish-eye lens and projection display device using it |
| CN100538426C (en) * | 2007-11-23 | 2009-09-09 | 秦皇岛视听机械研究所 | The whole spherical ball-screen projection of digital projector ultra-large vision field cowfish glasses header structure |
| CN101840057B (en) * | 2010-05-12 | 2012-01-11 | 秦皇岛视听机械研究所 | Basic structure consisting of five groups of six fisheye lenses for digital projector |
| DE102010063618A1 (en) * | 2010-12-21 | 2012-06-21 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Imaging system and fisheye lens |
| CN103439859B (en) * | 2013-07-22 | 2015-04-22 | 秦皇岛视听机械研究所 | Ring screen showing or projecting system unit based on two anisotropy fish-eye lenses |
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2014
- 2014-12-17 CN CN201410781612.9A patent/CN104483744B/en active Active
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Address after: No. 165, middle section of Hebei Avenue, seaport area, Qinhuangdao, Hebei Province Patentee after: Qinhuangdao audio-visual Machinery Research Institute Co., Ltd. Address before: No. 165, middle section of Hebei Avenue, seaport area, Qinhuangdao, Hebei Province Patentee before: Qinhuangdao Video-Audio Machinery Inst. |