CN104483289B - Birefringence detection device and birefringence detection method based on sweep frequency optical coherence tomography technology - Google Patents
Birefringence detection device and birefringence detection method based on sweep frequency optical coherence tomography technology Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a birefringence detection device and a birefringence detection method based on a sweep frequency optical coherence tomography technology. The birefringence detection device comprises a sweep frequency laser, an optical modulator, an erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier, a coupler, a first optical fiber, a second optical fiber, a polarization multiplexing wave combiner, a semiconductor optical amplifier, a loop device, a polarization controller, an optical detector, a microwave signal filter, a microwave signal amplifier, a microwave signal divider, an oscilloscope and a converging lens. According to the birefringence detection device and the birefringence detection method which are disclosed by the invention, a sweep frequency polarization optical coherence tomography birefringence detection technology based on a double loop photoelectric oscillator is provided focusing on the structure design changes of optical coherence tomography performed by the development and innovation of a novel photo-electronic technique, especially microwave photonics, so that the detection of birefringence changes of biological tissues can be transformed into the measurement of microwave signal frequencies. Meanwhile, the semiconductor optical amplifier is adopted, the length change of a photoelectric hybrid ring-shaped structure resonant cavity can be compensated by using the birefringent effect of the semiconductor optical amplifier, and thus the adjustable detection on stress and temperature can be achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of birefringence detection means based on sweep polarization optical coherence tomography and inspection
Survey method.
Background technology
The continuous improvement requiring for quality of life with people, to not damaged, safe and harmless inspection in medical treatment detection
The demand of survey mode is also just increasingly stronger, and some traditional medicine image methods need to add special developer etc. in imaging
Help the material of imaging or by radiation sources such as X-ray, the addition of these extraneous factors more or less can cause to human body to hinder
Evil.And OCT (polarization optics coherent tomographic, optical coherence tomography, abbreviation OCT in literary composition) technology utilizes light
As imaging means, biological tissue's back-scattering light is obtained by the method interfered, to imaging of tissue and obtain organization internal letter
Breath, such as birefringence information, the spectral information of tissue, blood doppler information etc.；Only need to need not add and appoint by this medium of light
What additional developer is detected it is not necessary to carry out the wound means such as physiology section, belongs to Non-Destructive Testing, thus more other image
Technology is safer, is referred to as " optical biopsy ".At present, OCT has been developed in four branches, including：Time domain OCT, Fourier
OCT, collimated light beam OCT and function OCT.
Time domain OCT, time domain OCT is to develop earliest form in OCT family, and other branches of OCT are all by its differentiation
Become；Fourier OCT：Fourier OCT eliminates longitudinal scanning on the basis of time domain OCT, and in optical receiving end, uses
Spectrometer replaces photodetector；In Fourier OCT, interference pattern is to be detected in the form of optical frequency function.
By reference to the optical delay of a fixation in arm, the light that in sample, different depth is reflected back can produce and produce with different frequency component
Raw interference pattern.The reflection case of different depth just can be solved again by Fourier transformation, so just can produce sample
One depth profile (A- scanning) of product.According to the difference of light source and detection type, Fourier OCT can be divided into：Spectral coverage OCT
With frequency sweep OCT.Collimated light beam OCT, different from other OCT, impinge upon collimated light beam OCT interferometer two-arm is not luminous point but flat
Row light beam；Correspondingly employ one group rather than a photodetector in optical receiving end, this allows it to cancel laterally to sweep
Retouch, only utilize longitudinal scanning to form two dimensional image, shorten imaging time；Function OCT：Function OCT not only can gather commonly
OCT tissue reflectivity information of interest, forms gray level image, to other because the tissue characteristics that pathology causes change also very
Sensitivity, the extraction to these additional informations can provide more foundations for medical diagnosis, improves diagnosis efficiency.According to being extracted
Tissue characteristics different, function OCT can be divided into Doppler OCT and polarization OCT.
Birefringence detection method based on sweep polarization optical coherence tomography proposed by the invention and device, core
Technology is the method producing microwave signal using the novel photoelectric mode of oscillation in Microwave photonics field, will be double to biological tissue
The detection of variations in refractive index is changed into the measurement to microwave signal frequency, and its detection method and apparatus structure are different from current OCT
Detection method.Nineteen eighty-two, Neyer and Voges proposes first and controls electrooptic modulator using the optical signal feedback of output end
This loop configuration is realizing optical-electronic oscillator principle and the structure of oscillator.1994, U.S.'s jet power laboratory
X.Steve.Yao and Lute Maleki et al. proposes and demonstrates first optical-electronic oscillator structure, creates high-quality micro-
Ripple signal.2000, Yao and Maleki proposed to form an optical filter by increasing optical fiber loop (long optical fibers and short fiber)
Double loop optical-electronic oscillator structure reducing phase noise.Detection method proposed by the invention and device adopt palarization multiplexing
Type bicyclic optical-electronic oscillator scheme, the low phase noise being produced using it, the microwave signal that stable, frequency spectrum is clean, tested life
A part for thing setup action resonator is added in optical fiber backfeed loop and forms vibration, by the birefringence change to biological tissue
The detection changed is changed into the measurement to microwave signal frequency, and the n times harmonic wave using fundamental frequency measures.Polarization OCT can obtain
The birefringence information that common OCT is ignored, biological tissue's tool regular birefringence distribution of health, and the biology of pathology
Tissue, its birefringence distribution is destroyed, or even completely loses birefringence.Tested biology in embodiment of the present invention device
The birefringence change of tissue is more notable, and the frequency interval of output microwave is less, and the n times harmonic measure using vibration fundamental frequency,
Wider than conventional polarization OCT detection method measurement range, certainty of measurement is higher, and this makes it have good application in medical domain
Prospect.
Birefringence detection method based on sweep polarization optical coherence tomography proposed by the invention and device it is considered to
To in actual measurement process, in optical-electronic oscillator, the transmission characteristic parameter of optical fiber is easily subject to the interference of environmental factor to send out
The phenomenon of changing.From the aspect of loss, bandwidth and electromagnetism interference characteristic, optical fiber is the ideal of transmission microwave signal
Medium, but environment temperature, pressure and bending all can lead to optical fibre refractivity to change, the transmission delay change of accumulation will directly
Lead to phase noise and the phase drift of microwave signal.Experimental study shows, optical fibre refractivity variation with temperature rate is about
40ps/ (km × DEG C), for the optical fiber for 100m for the length, 1 DEG C of temperature change is corresponding to be postponed to be about 4ps.Pressure passes to optical fiber
The impact of defeated phase place becomes apparent from, and experimental study shows, optical fibre refractivity is about 70ps/ (km × MPa) with the rate of change of pressure,
For the optical fiber for 100m for the length, pressure change 1MPa is corresponding to be postponed to be about 7ps.Will not in view of ambient parameter in the short time
Undergo mutation, therefore phase delay drift effect measurement result long-time stability and repeatability, the error size that it causes with
Time of measuring growth, stress, the increase of temperature change and increase.Therefore how for circuit and light path in polarization OCT scheme
Feature, the corresponding phase drift of design compensates and suppression technology, thus the accuracy of detection improving polarization OCT technology further is
The problem of urgent need to resolve in the current application in OCT.
Content of the invention
Technical problem：The technical problem to be solved is：One kind is provided to be based on sweep polarization optical coherence tomography
The birefringence detection means of technology, can calibrate to stress and temperature, reduce stress and temperature change to accuracy of detection band
The impact coming；The detection method of this detection means is also provided simultaneously, the detection of the birefringence change to biological tissue is changed
It is that microwave signal frequency is measured.
Technical scheme：For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution used in the present invention is：
A kind of detection means based on sweep polarization optical coherence tomography birefringence, this detection means includes sweeping laser
Device, optical modulator, erbium-doped fiber amplifier, coupler, the first optical fiber, the second optical fiber, palarization multiplexing wave multiplexer, semiconductor light is put
Big device, circulator, Polarization Controller, photo-detector, microwave signal wave filter, microwave signal amplifier, microwave signal shunt,
Oscillograph and plus lens；The output end of frequency swept laser is connected with the input of optical modulator, the output end of optical modulator with
The input of erbium-doped fiber amplifier connects, and the output end of erbium-doped fiber amplifier is connected with the input of coupler, coupler
Output end pass through the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber respectively and be connected with the input of palarization multiplexing wave multiplexer, further, described
The length of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber is unequal.The output end of palarization multiplexing wave multiplexer and the input of semiconductor optical amplifier
Connect, the output end of semiconductor optical amplifier is connected with the first port of circulator, the second port of circulator will by lens
Light focuses on biological sample, and reflected light is sent back to the second port of circulator by lens, the 3rd port of circulator
It is connected with the input of Polarization Controller, the output end of Polarization Controller is connected with the input of photo-detector, photo-detector
Output end is connected with the input of microwave signal wave filter, and the output end of microwave signal wave filter is defeated with microwave signal amplifier
Enter end to connect, the output end of microwave signal amplifier is connected with the input of shunt, the first output port of shunt with show
The input of ripple device connects, and the second output port of shunt is connected with the microwave modulated terminal of optical modulator.
A kind of above-mentioned birefringence detection method based on sweep polarization optical coherence tomography, this detection method bag
Include procedure below：Send continuous light wave using frequency swept laser, the modulation of light wave optically modulated device and erbium-doped fiber amplifier are put
After big, it is coupled in the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber by coupler, palarization multiplexing wave multiplexer is by the first optical fiber and the second light
The modulated optical signal of fine output is divided into two mutually orthogonal bundle signals of polarization state, and two bundle signals are respectively aligned to semiconductor optical amplifier
Transverse electric mode and TM mode, by control semiconductor optical amplifier bias current, obtain compensate after vertical polarization light modulation
Vertical polarization light modulating signal after compensating is passed through lens directive biological tissue samples using circulator, then this hangs down by signal
Straight polarization light modulating signal is reflected by biological tissue samples, forms the reflected light carrying biological tissue's information, reflected light passes through thoroughly
Mirror, in return loop device, reaches in Polarization Controller by the 3rd port of circulator, and Polarization Controller controls the transmission of reflected light
Polarization state, through photo-detector export microwave signal, microwave signal after microwave signal filter filtering, by microwave signal amplifier
Amplify, be two-way by shunt, a road feeds back in optical modulator, form closed loop optoelectronic oscillation loop, another road is defeated
Go out to oscillograph, the frequency of measurement microwave signal.
Further, the described birefringence detection means based on sweep polarization optical coherence tomography, the first optical fiber
Unequal with the length of the second optical fiber.
Further, the detection side of the described birefringence detection means based on sweep polarization optical coherence tomography
The modulated optical signal that method, the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber are exported generates the modulation light letter of vertical polarization by palarization multiplexing wave multiplexer
Number, two vertical polarization are respectively aligned to transverse electric mode and the TM mode direction of semiconductor optical amplifier.Semiconductor optical amplifier
It is a kind of opto-electronic device that external photon is produced with stimulated radiation amplification, its essence is that one kind is under condition of population inversion
Semiconductor gain media.By controlling the bias current of semiconductor optical amplifier, control its birefringence effect, answered with compensating
The change that power, temperature affect and make photoelectricity hybrid loop structure resonance cavity length occur, realizes calibration detection.
Further, the detection side of the described birefringence detection means based on sweep polarization optical coherence tomography
Method, realize stress, the vertical polarization light modulating signal after temperature-compensating through semiconductor optical amplifier, pass through through circulator
Plus lens directive biological tissue samples, reflected light is subject to backscattering rate and the birefringence joint effect of biological tissue samples,
The loop configuration resonator parameter making photoelectricity mixing changes, and then changes the frequency of the microwave signal that its vibration produces
Rate, it is achieved thereby that the detection to the birefringence change of biological tissue is changed into the frequency measuring microwave signal in oscillograph
Rate.
Beneficial effect：Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
(1) the birefringence detection method based on sweep polarization optical coherence tomography proposed by the invention and device,
The detection achieving the birefringence change to biological tissue is changed into the measurement to microwave signal frequency, and core technology is to adopt
The method that the novel photoelectric mode of oscillation in Microwave photonics field produces microwave signal, detection method and apparatus structure are different from mesh
Front OCT has been developed in four branches, including：Time domain OCT, Fourier OCT, collimated light beam OCT and function OCT.
(2) the birefringence detection method based on sweep polarization optical coherence tomography proposed by the invention and device,
Using palarization multiplexing type bicyclic optical-electronic oscillator scheme.In the optical-electronic oscillator of this twin nuclei, the shaking of oscillator starting of oscillation
Swing mode spacing to be determined by short fiber loop, phase noise is then determined by long optical fibers loop, bicyclic oscillator can obtain pattern
It is spaced the big and low oscillator signal of phase noise.The low phase noise that produced using it, the microwave signal that stable, frequency spectrum is clean,
Tested biological tissue is added in optical fiber backfeed loop as a part for resonator and forms vibration, will be double to biological tissue
The detection of variations in refractive index is changed into the measurement to microwave signal frequency, and the n times harmonic wave using fundamental frequency measures.In the present invention
In embodiment device, the birefringence change of tested biological tissue is more notable, and the frequency interval of output microwave is less, and using shaking
Swing the n times harmonic measure of fundamental frequency, wider than conventional polarization OCT detection method measurement range, certainty of measurement is higher, this makes it in doctor
There is good application prospect in field.
(3) the birefringence detection method based on sweep polarization optical coherence tomography proposed by the invention and device,
Essence relevant light paths brought for the such environmental effects of generally existing in OCT system, especially stress and temperature change
Degree declines phenomenon, proposes a kind of stress based on semiconductor optical amplifier and temperature adjustable technology.Optical signal and electric signal exist
Propagate in transmission medium, it necessarily causes the phase delay of signal, and when dielectric property parameter constant, its propagation delay is fixed,
Therefore by the method for correction, phase delay can be eliminated.Semiconductor optical amplifier is a kind of to the generation stimulated radiation of external photon
The opto-electronic device amplifying, its essence is a kind of semiconductor gain media being under condition of population inversion.Controlled using it
Birefringence effect, to compensate bicyclic optical-electronic oscillator cavity length change it is achieved that its stress, temperature adjustable inspection
Survey.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention.In figure has：Frequency swept laser 1, optical modulator 2, erbium-doped fiber amplifier 3,
Coupler 4, the first optical fiber 5, the second optical fiber 6, palarization multiplexing wave multiplexer 7, semiconductor optical amplifier 8, circulator 9, first port
901st, second port 902, the 3rd port 903, Polarization Controller 10, photo-detector 11, microwave signal wave filter 12, microwave signal
Amplifier 13, microwave signal shunt 14, the first output port 1401, the second output port 1402, oscillograph 15, plus lens
16.
Fig. 2 is in the embodiment of the present invention, the microwave signal spectrogram of device output when measuring a certain biological tissue samples.
Fig. 3 be the embodiment of the present invention in, measure a certain biological tissue samples when device output microwave signal oscillogram with
Phase noise figure.
Fig. 4 is in the embodiment of the present invention, stress, device output in the case of temperature correction when measuring a certain biological tissue samples
Microwave signal frequency distribution map and phase noise distribution map.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, embodiments of the invention are elaborated.The present embodiment with technical solution of the present invention is being
Under the premise of implemented, give detailed embodiment and specific operating process, but protection scope of the present invention be not limited to
Following embodiments.
As shown in figure 1, a kind of birefringence detection means based on sweep polarization optical coherence tomography of the present invention,
Multiple including frequency swept laser 1, optical modulator 2, erbium-doped fiber amplifier 3, coupler 4, the first optical fiber 5, the second optical fiber 6, polarization
With wave multiplexer 7, semiconductor optical amplifier 8, circulator 9, Polarization Controller 10, photo-detector 11, microwave signal wave filter 12, micro-
Ripple signal amplifier 13, microwave signal shunt 14, oscillograph 15 and plus lens 16.The output end of frequency swept laser 1 and light
The input of modulator 2 connects, and the output end of optical modulator 2 is connected with the input of erbium-doped fiber amplifier 3, and Er-doped fiber is put
The output end of big device 3 is connected with the input of coupler 4, and the output end of coupler 4 passes through the first optical fiber 5 and the second optical fiber respectively
6 are connected with the input of palarization multiplexing wave multiplexer 7, the input of the output end of palarization multiplexing wave multiplexer 7 and semiconductor optical amplifier 8
End connects, and the output end of semiconductor optical amplifier 8 is connected with the first port 901 of circulator 9, the second port 902 of circulator 9
Focused the light on biological sample by plus lens 16, and by lens 16, reflected light is sent back to the second end of circulator 9
Mouthfuls 902, the 3rd port 903 of circulator 9 is connected with the input of Polarization Controller 10, the output end of Polarization Controller 10 and light
The input of detector 11 connects, and the output end of photo-detector 11 is connected with the input of microwave signal wave filter 12, and microwave is believed
The output end of number wave filter 12 is connected with the input of microwave signal amplifier 13, the output end of microwave signal amplifier 13 with micro-
The input connection of ripple signal shunt 14, the first output port 1401 of microwave signal shunt 14 and the input of oscillograph 15
End connects, and the second output port 1402 of microwave signal shunt 14 is connected with the microwave modulated terminal of optical modulator 2.
The above-mentioned birefringence detection method based on sweep polarization optical coherence tomography, including procedure below：Profit
Send continuous light wave with frequency swept laser 1, after the optically modulated device of light wave 2 modulation and erbium-doped fiber amplifier 3 amplification, by coupling
Clutch 4 is coupled in the first optical fiber 5 and the second optical fiber 6, and the first optical fiber 5 and the second optical fiber 6 are exported by palarization multiplexing wave multiplexer 7
Modulated optical signal be divided into two mutually orthogonal bundle signals of polarization state, two bundle signals are respectively aligned to the horizontal stroke of semiconductor optical amplifier 8
Electric mould and TM mode, by controlling the bias current of semiconductor optical amplifier 8, obtain the vertical polarization light modulation letter after compensating
Number, using circulator 9, the vertical polarization light modulating signal after compensating is passed through plus lens 16 directive biological tissue samples, then
This vertical polarization light modulating signal is reflected by biological tissue samples, forms the reflected light carrying biological tissue's information.In reflected light
Carry backscattering rate and the birefringence of biological tissue samples.Reflected light passes through plus lens 16, in return loop device 9,
Reach in Polarization Controller 10 by the 3rd port 903 of circulator 9, Polarization Controller 10 controls the transmission polarization state of reflected light,
Export microwave signal through photo-detector 11, after microwave signal filters through microwave signal wave filter 12, by microwave signal amplifier 13
Amplify, be two-way by microwave signal shunt 14 branch, a road 1402 feeds back in optical modulator 2, form closed loop photoelectricity and shake
Swing loop, another road 1401 exports to oscillograph 15, the frequency of measurement microwave signal.
Further, the length of the first described optical fiber 5 and the second optical fiber 6 is unequal.In optical-electronic oscillator system, optical fiber
The energy storage time of loop determines the quality factor of oscillator, and the therefore phase noise of oscillator is subject to the length of fibre delay line
The i.e. impact of time delay.Although phase noise can be reduced by increasing fiber lengths, actually when oscillator produces
Frequency when meeting certain condition, the starting of oscillation pattern of different rank can be produced.As can be seen here, with the increase of fiber lengths, ripple
Modulus amount also can increase, and the frequency interval between ripple mould will diminish.Can be removed with a sufficiently narrow wave filter in theory
Unwanted pattern, but because the microwave filter of high-quality-factor is difficult at present, therefore result is not satisfactory, so making
Unwanted pattern can be produced with the optical-electronic oscillator of long optical fibers.By increasing optical fiber loop (the first optical fiber 5 and the second optical fiber 6)
The double loop optical-electronic oscillator structure forming an optical filter reducing phase noise, in the optoelectronic oscillation of this twin nuclei
In device, the oscillation mode interval of oscillator starting of oscillation is determined by short fiber loop, phase noise is then determined by long optical fibers loop, bicyclic
Oscillator can obtain the oscillator signal that mode spacing is big and phase noise is low.
Further, the modulated optical signal of the output of the first described optical fiber 5 and the second optical fiber 6 is by palarization multiplexing wave multiplexer 7
Generate the modulated optical signal of vertical polarization, two vertical polarization are respectively aligned to transverse electric mode and the horizontal stroke of semiconductor optical amplifier 8
Magnetic mould direction.It is suitable polarization correlated that stronger birefringence effect makes semiconductor optical amplifier 8 show, by controlling half
The change of conductor image intensifer 8 bias current, under its transverse electric mode and E mode, refringence also changes so that passing through half
The vertical light modulating signal of polarization after conductor image intensifer 8 introduces different time delays, is affected and makes by stress, temperature to compensate
The change that photoelectricity hybrid loop structure resonance cavity length occurs is it is ensured that the stability of produced microwave signal frequency and phase place, real
Now calibration detection.
Further, described stress, the vertical polarization light modulation letter after temperature-compensating are realized through semiconductor optical amplifier 8
Number, pass through plus lens 16 directive biological tissue samples through circulator 9, reflected light is subject to the backscattering rate of biological tissue samples
With birefringence joint effect so that the loop configuration resonator parameter of photoelectricity mixing changes, and then change its vibration
The frequency of the microwave signal producing, it is achieved thereby that the detection to the birefringence change of biological tissue is changed in oscillograph 15
The frequency of middle measurement microwave signal.
In detection method proposed by the invention and device, in the premise of known microwave signal wave filter 12 centre frequency
Under, microwave signal shunt 1402 port inputs to microwave signal f of optical modulator 2 portOEOCompeted by frequency mode and determine,
The time delay introducing under transverse electric mode and E mode respectively depending on two section single-mould fibers, is designated as τ respectivelyTEAnd τTMIt is considered to open loop
State has：
Formula (1)
Wherein, k and m is respectively positive integer.The light modulating signal that the polarization of input is vertical is respectively aligned to semiconductor optical amplification
The transverse electric mode of device 8 and E mode direction.Stronger birefringence effect makes semiconductor optical amplifier 8 show suitable polarization
Correlation.By controlling the change of semiconductor optical amplifier 8 bias current, under its transverse electric mode and E mode, refringence is also sent out
Raw change is so that introduce different delay, τ by the vertical light modulating signal of the polarization after semiconductor optical amplifier 8TE,SOAWith
τTM,SOA, for compensating the impact of stress and temperature change it is ensured that the stability of produced microwave signal frequency and phase place.fOEOCan
To be further represented as：
Formula (2)
Wherein, τ 'TERepresent the time delay through the transverse electric pattern after overcompensation, τ 'TE=τTE+τTE,SOA；τ′TMRepresent through mending
The time delay of the E mode after repaying, τ 'TM=τTM+τTM,SOA.
Vertical polarization light modulating signal after compensation, through biological tissue samples backscattering, is returned by circulator 9, optical signal
In carry backscattering rate and the birefringence information of biological tissue samples, the time delay change under produced transverse electric pattern
τTE,sampleWith the time delay change τ under E modeTM,sample, ultimately result in the change that system exports microwave signal frequency.Return
Optical signal transmission to Polarization Controller 10 control its transmit polarization state, through photo-detector export microwave signal, then through microwave letter
Amplified by microwave signal amplifier 13 after the filtering of number wave filter 12, pass through shunt 14 branch afterwards, a road feeds back to light modulation
Device 2 forms closed loop optoelectronic oscillation loop, and another road exports and measures to oscillograph 15.
Thus, in palarization multiplexing type twin nuclei proposed by the invention, the total time delay of loop is made up of three parts：First
The polarization time delay that the time delay of length difference introducing of optical fiber 5 and the second optical fiber 6, semiconductor optical amplifier 8 birefringence difference introduce, with
And the polarization time delay that tested biological tissue birefringence difference introduces.fOEOCan be further represented as：
Formula (3)
Wherein, time delay under transverse electric pattern (τ "TE=τ 'TE+τTE,sample) determine output microwave signal fOEOFrequency between
Every, time delay under E mode (τ "TM=τ 'TM+τTM,sample) determine output microwave signal fOEOFrequency range.In optical detection
Device 11 output end, by output microwave signal fOEOFrequency measurement is with analysis it is achieved that changing to the birefringence of biological tissue
Detection.Photo-detector 11 output electric signal is expressed as：
Formula (4)
Wherein, gTEAnd gTMRepresent the complex gain of two loops of palarization multiplexing respectively, f is whole system internal transmission
Microwave signal frequency, ViRepresent the amplitude of the microwave signal of loop i ＆ lt output, Vi-1Represent the micro- of the i-th -1 time output in loop
The amplitude of ripple signal.Signal circulates in the feedback loop, its output signal Vout(2 π f) transient state expression formula is：
Formula (5)
Wherein, V0It is the amplitude of microwave signal before starting of oscillation.
Thus can derive that equivalent microwave power signal P (2 π f) is：
Formula (6)
Wherein, R represents the equiva lent impedance in loop,Represent through the phase place change that transmission is caused under transverse electric pattern,Represent through the phase place change that transmission is caused under E mode,Certain meeting
After frequency of oscillation and microwave power condition, optical-electronic oscillator starting of oscillation, the microwave signal of wherein most frequencies is gradually suppressed,
The prominent microwave signal of final output is optical-electronic oscillator resonant frequency signal, meets P (2 π fOEO)=max { P (2 π f) }.
During polarization OCT image, change optical source wavelength and carry out longitudinal scanning, by biological tissue samples layer institute in the tissue with intensity
Place's depth and the change of birefringence, can achieve the extraction to different depth biological tissue samples information.Optical source wavelength and reality
Imaging depth is relevant with systemic resolution.In general the shorter OCT system of wavelength, has higher imaging resolution.But examine
When considering the sample imaging needing to relatively high light scattering properties, such as biological tissue, the longer system of operation wavelength is advantageously.?
In the present invention, from centre wavelength 1310 or 1550nm.Longer center operating wavelength will not be scattered impact, and light can penetrate
To sample deeper inside and return detector.Meanwhile, translation stage carrying biological tissue samples carry out transverse shifting, and the two is made jointly
With it is achieved that the two-dimensional scan to the distribution of biological tissue samples birefringence is imaged.
In the present embodiment, frequency swept laser adopts the ripe super wideband and tunable laser instrument of Insight company as light source,
Model：SLE-101, centre wavelength 1310nm or 1550nm, sweep rate 400KHz, swept frequency range 80nm.Optical modulator adopts
The 10020416 of JDS Uniphase company, working range is 1530-1565nm.Semiconductor optical amplifier adopts INPHENIX public
The IPSAD1501/1504 of department, working range is 1510-1590nm.Photo-detector adopts the KG-PR-10G of Kang Guan company.Microwave
Traffic filter uses the low pass filter LFCN-113+ of Mini-Circuits company, and cut-off frequency is 11GHz.Microwave signal
Amplifier adopts the H301 of JDSU company, and working range is 2.488-12.2GHz.
In the device to test of the present embodiment, the launched power of semiconductor optical amplifier remains 0dBm, tunes its injection
Electric current, has carried out time domain, frequency domain measurement to the microwave signal of system output.When SOA Injection Current is 175mA, record system
The microwave signal frequency of output is 8.8GHz, and spectrogram is as shown in Figure 2.Abscissa represents microwave signal frequency, unit GHz, indulges
Coordinate representation microwave signal power, unit dBm.If Fig. 2 accompanying drawing display side mode suppression ratio is -68dB.Data analysis shows, this
The detection method of bright proposition and device, it is possible to achieve the detection of the birefringence change to biological tissue is changed into microwave is believed
The measurement of number frequency.Corresponding time domain output waveform is as shown in Figure 3 with Analysis of Phase Noise.In Fig. 3, abscissa represents that frequency is inclined
Put, unit log Hz, will primary frequency take after logarithm as abscissa, ordinate represents output power single sideband phase noise, unit
dBc/Hz.Test data shows that now phase noise is less than -104dBc/Hz (@10KHz).Data analysis shows, the present invention proposes
Detection method and device, the less microwave signal of phase noise, its phase stabilization can be exported.Divided with the detection ensureing higher
Resolution.
It is stepped up semiconductor optical amplifier Injection Current from 175mA to 350mA, as shown in Figure 4.In Fig. 4, abscissa table
Show Injection Current, unit mA, ordinate represents frequency of oscillation, unit GHz.Curve with square frame is microwave signal frequency with note
Enter change and its matched curve of electric current, the curve with circle is that phase noise is bent with the change of Injection Current and its matching
Line.In Fig. 4, the microwave signal frequency of measuring system output changes to 8.65GHz from 8.8GHz, and frequency range is about 150MHz,
It tunes step-length about 15MHz, and overall phase noise level is less than -100dBc/Hz (@10KHz).Data analysis shows, the present invention
The detection method proposing and device, can pass through tuning semiconductor image intensifer Injection Current, affected by stress, temperature with compensating
And make change that photoelectricity hybrid loop structure resonance cavity length occurs it is ensured that the produced microwave signal frequency of device and phase place steady
Qualitative, realize the adjustable detection of embodiment of the present invention device.
Embodiment of above is merely to illustrate the present invention, and not limitation of the present invention, common about technical field
Technical staff, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can also make a variety of changes and modification, therefore all
Equivalent technical scheme falls within scope of the invention, and the scope of patent protection of the present invention should be defined by the claims.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of birefringence detection means based on sweep polarization optical coherence tomography is it is characterised in that this device bag
Include frequency swept laser（1）, optical modulator（2）, erbium-doped fiber amplifier（3）, coupler（4）, the first optical fiber（5）, the second optical fiber
（6）, palarization multiplexing wave multiplexer（7）, semiconductor optical amplifier（8）, circulator（9）, Polarization Controller（10）, photo-detector
（11）, microwave signal wave filter（12）, microwave signal amplifier（13）, microwave signal shunt（14）, oscillograph（15）And remittance
Poly- lens（16）；
Frequency swept laser（1）Output end and optical modulator（2）Input connect, optical modulator（2）Output end and er-doped
Fiber amplifier（3）Input connect, erbium-doped fiber amplifier（3）Output end and coupler（4）Input connect, coupling
Clutch（4）Output end respectively pass through the first optical fiber（5）With the second optical fiber（6）With palarization multiplexing wave multiplexer（7）Input even
Connect, palarization multiplexing wave multiplexer（7）Output end and semiconductor optical amplifier（8）Input connect, semiconductor optical amplifier（8）
Output end and circulator（9）First port（901）Connect, circulator（9）Second port（902）By plus lens
（16）Focus the light on biological sample, and pass through plus lens（16）Reflected light is sent back to circulator（9）Second port
（902）, circulator（9）The 3rd port（903）With Polarization Controller（10）Input connect, Polarization Controller（10）Defeated
Go out end and photo-detector（11）Input connect, photo-detector（11）Output end and microwave signal wave filter（12）Input
End connects, microwave signal wave filter（12）Output end and microwave signal amplifier（13）Input connect, microwave signal puts
Big device（13）Output end and microwave signal shunt（14）Input connect, microwave signal shunt（14）First output
Port（1401）With oscillograph（15）Input connect, microwave signal shunt（14）The second output port（1402）With light
Modulator（2）Microwave modulated terminal connect.
2., according to the birefringence detection means based on sweep polarization optical coherence tomography described in claim 1, it is special
Levy and be, described the first optical fiber（5）Length and the second optical fiber（6）Length unequal.
3. the birefringence detection means based on sweep polarization optical coherence tomography described in a kind of utilization claim 1
Detection method is it is characterised in that this detection method includes procedure below：Using frequency swept laser（1）Send continuous light wave, light
The optically modulated device of ripple（2）Modulation and erbium-doped fiber amplifier（3）After amplification, by coupler（4）It is coupled into the first optical fiber（5）
With the second optical fiber（6）In, palarization multiplexing wave multiplexer（7）By the first optical fiber（5）With the second optical fiber（6）The modulated optical signal of output is multiple
With generating the modulated optical signal of vertical polarization, two vertical polarization are respectively aligned to semiconductor optical amplifier（8）Transverse electric mode
With TM mode direction, by control semiconductor optical amplifier（8）Bias current, obtain compensate after vertical polarization light modulation letter
Number, using circulator（9）Vertical polarization light modulating signal after compensating is passed through plus lens（16）Directive biological tissue samples,
Then this vertical polarization light modulating signal is reflected by biological tissue samples, forms the reflected light carrying biological tissue's information, reflection
Light passes through plus lens（16）, return loop device（9）In, by circulator（9）The 3rd port（903）Reach Polarization Controller
（10）In, Polarization Controller（10）Control the transmission polarization state of reflected light, through photo-detector（11）Output microwave signal, microwave is believed
Number through microwave signal wave filter（12）After filtering, by microwave signal amplifier（13）Amplify, by microwave signal shunt（14）
Branch is two-way, and a road feeds back to optical modulator（2）In, form closed loop optoelectronic oscillation loop, another road exports to oscillograph
（15）In, the frequency of measurement microwave signal.
4. according to the detection of the birefringence detection means based on sweep polarization optical coherence tomography described in claim 3
Method is it is characterised in that described the first optical fiber（5）With the second optical fiber（6）The modulated optical signal of output closed by palarization multiplexing
Ripple device（7）Generate the modulated optical signal of vertical polarization, two vertical polarization are respectively aligned to semiconductor optical amplifier（8）Horizontal stroke
Electric mould and TM mode direction, by controlling semiconductor optical amplifier（8）Bias current, control its birefringence effect, with compensate
Affected by stress, temperature and make what photoelectricity hybrid loop structure resonance cavity length occurred to change, realized calibration detection.
5. according to the detection of the birefringence detection means based on sweep polarization optical coherence tomography described in claim 3
Method is it is characterised in that through semiconductor optical amplifier（8）Realize stress, the vertical polarization light modulating signal after temperature-compensating,
Through circulator（9）Through plus lens（16）Directive biological tissue samples, reflected light is subject to the backscattering of biological tissue samples
Rate and birefringence joint effect are so that the loop configuration resonator parameter of photoelectricity mixing changes, and then change it and shake
The frequency of raw microwave signal of dissipating one's fortune, thus the detection realizing the birefringence change to biological tissue is changed in oscillograph
（15）The frequency of middle measurement microwave signal.
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