CN104482395A - Method for utilizing LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) cold energy to recover BOG (Boil Off Gas) generated during entrucking of tank car - Google Patents
Method for utilizing LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) cold energy to recover BOG (Boil Off Gas) generated during entrucking of tank car Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A related method for utilizing LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) cold energy to recover BOG (Boil Off Gas) generated during entrucking of a tank car comprises the following steps: 1) relieving the pressure to be 0.5 MPaG or less before entrucking of the LNG tank car; 2) when entrucking is started, only starting a liquid inlet valve at the top of the LNG tank car, then introducing LNG into a car tank via the liquid inlet valve, cooling the LNG tank car through a spray pipeline at the top in the LNG tank car so as to liquefy a part of the gas into LNG again, introducing about 2 tons of LNG and finishing precooling, then opening a valve at the bottom of the LNG tank car, and filling with LNG; and 3) observing the following phenomena: the pressure at the initial stage of entrcuking rises by 0.1 MPa-0.2 MPa, along with increase of the LNG filling amount, the tank car pressure is reduced, and after entrcuking is finished, the pressure in the LNG tank car is stabilized within 0.15 MPa. According to the method, the cold energy of supercooled LNG is utilized to condensate and recover BOG, so that generation of BOG in an LNG receiving station is reduced, the BOG processing cost of the receiving station is reduced, and entrucking is relatively accurate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of utilize LNG cold energy reclaim tank car entrucking time BOG method.
Background technique
LNG is as a kind of clean energy resource just in the application of large scale investment market, and the storage temperature of LNG is-162 DEG C.According to design, first release is carried out to tank car before the entrucking of LNG tank car, unload to below 0.15MPaG from 0.1 ~ 0.5MPaG, the BOG produced during original and entrucking in tank car is all discharged into receiving station BOG header, pressure a little higher than BOG header pressure during entrucking operation, be about 0.02 ~ 0.03MPaG, entrucking terminates pit interior pressure and is about 0.04MPaG.And the LNG temperature entering tank car during entrucking is-156 DEG C, pressure is 0.7MPaG, and LNG is now in supercooled state, has unnecessary cold can supply to utilize.According to the loading method of design, this part cold has just slatterned along with step-down during entrucking.If utilize this part cold to carry out condensation reclaim BOG, the generation of LNG receiving station BOG just can be reduced.And the design operation pressure of tank car LNG storage tank is 0.75MPaG, if the pressure of tank car storage tank when suitably improving entrucking, this part cold energy condensation recovery section or whole BOG just can be utilized.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention be to provide a kind of reduce receiving station BOG treatment cost utilize LNG cold energy reclaim tank car entrucking time BOG method.
The technological scheme that the present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above is as follows: a kind of utilize LNG cold energy reclaim tank car entrucking time BOG method, comprise the following steps:
1) before the entrucking of LNG tank car, pressure is 0.1 ~ 0.5MPaG, if pressure is greater than 0.5MpaG, the valve opened on BOG gas phase return arm carries out unloading being depressed into below 0.5MPaG;
2), when entrucking starts, only open the liquid flowing valve at LNG tank car top, then by liquid flowing valve to be less than 12m
3the flow of/h passes into LNG, and LNG enters in tank car tank, is cooled LNG tank car by the spray pipe of LNG tank car inner top, portion gas is made again to be liquefied as LNG, pass into about 2 ~ 3 tons and complete precooling, and then open the valve bottom LNG tank car, LNG is filled;
3) entrucking process initial stage pressure increase 0.1MPa ~ 0.2MPa, along with the increase of LNG filling weight, LNG tank car internal pressure can transfer decline to, and after entrucking, the pressure stability in LNG tank car is at below 0.15MPa;
Above-mentioned loading method utilized the cold in cold LNG to carry out condensation to reclaim BOG, and concrete theoretical calculation formula is as follows:
A) before the entrucking of LNG tank car, pressure is 0.1 ~ 0.5MPaG, and what calculate LNG crosses cold,
The cold of crossing of feed liquor LNG calculates by formula (1):
E
1＝M
1×(H
2-H
1)×1.055056×2204.62＝1587493kJ，(1)
In formula (1):
E
1represent the cold (kJ) excessively that feed liquor LNG has,
M
1represent the quality (t) of feed liquor LNG,
H
1represent the enthalpy (Btu/lb) when LNG pressure before entrucking is 0.1 ~ 0.5MPaG, feed liquor temperature is-156 DEG C,
H
2representing LNG pressure before entrucking is enthalpy (Btu/lb) under 0.1 ~ 0.5MPaG, saturation temperature;
Cold in LNG tank car needed for the whole condensation of BOG calculates by formula (2):
E
2＝M
2×(H
3-H
1)×1.055056×2204.62＝157516.7kJ，
In formula (2):
E
2represent the cold (kJ) needed for the whole condensation of BOG,
M
2represent the quality (t) of BOG in LNG tank car,
H
3representing BOG pressure before entrucking is enthalpy (Btu/lb) when temperature is-112 DEG C before 0.1 ~ 0.5MPaG, entrucking;
B) before entrucking, BOG is not discharged, the final pressure P reached in LNG tank car after calculating entrucking
2, according to the first law of thermodynamics, calculate the cold enthalpy difference of mistake needed for feed liquor LNG, formula is as follows:
ΔH＝0.00042992×E
2/M
3＝3.53Btu/lb，(3)
In formula (3):
Δ H represents the enthalpy difference (Btu/lb) needed for feed liquor LNG,
M
3represent feed liquor LNG and measure (t).
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
Loading method of the present invention can utilize the cold in cold LNG to carry out condensation and reclaim BOG, just the generation of LNG receiving station BOG can be reduced, reduce receiving station BOG treatment cost, and entrucking is more accurate, reduce unload pressurization time and the expense of unloading station simultaneously, decrease start-stop time and the time of BOG recovery plant, serve attenuating equipment cost, reduce equipment power consumption etc.
On the basis of technique scheme, the present invention can also do following improvement.
Further, in step 2) in, the speed being passed into LNG by liquid flowing valve is 150kg/min
Further, in step 2) in, the time completing precooling is 10 ~ 20 minutes.
Further, in step 2) in, the flow being carried out filling by LNG is 50 ~ 70 cubes ms/h.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the P-H phasor of methane of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is LNG tank car internal structure of the present invention and truck fill flow schematic diagram figure;
Pressure change schematic diagram figure when Fig. 3 is LNG tank car entrucking of the present invention;
In accompanying drawing, the list of parts representated by each label is as follows:
1, valve, 2, BOG gas phase return arm, 3, LNG liquid phase liquid feeding arm, 4, spray pipe.
Embodiment
Be described principle of the present invention and feature below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, example, only for explaining the present invention, is not intended to limit scope of the present invention.
Utilize a method of BOG during LNG cold energy recovery tank car entrucking, comprise the following steps:
1) before the entrucking of LNG tank car, pressure is 0.1 ~ 0.5MPaG, if pressure is greater than 0.5MpaG, the valve opened on BOG gas phase return arm carries out unloading being depressed into below 0.5MPaG;
2), when entrucking starts, only open the liquid flowing valve at LNG tank car top, then by liquid flowing valve to be less than 12m
3the flow of/h passes into LNG, LNG enters in car tank, cooled by spray pipe 4 pairs of LNG tank cars of LNG tank car inner top, portion gas is made again to be liquefied as LNG, pass into about 2 ~ 3 tons and complete precooling, and then the valve opened bottom LNG tank car, for improving entrucking speed, pass into LNG entrucking by LNG liquid phase liquid feeding arm 3 with the large discharge of 50 ~ 70 cubes ms/h;
3) entrucking process initial stage pressure increase 0.1MPa ~ 0.2MPa, but still lower than tank body safety valve jumping up pressure, along with the increase of LNG filling weight, tanker truck pressure can transfer decline to, after entrucking, the pressure stability in LNG tank car is within 0.1MPa;
Above-mentioned loading method utilized the cold in cold LNG to carry out condensation to reclaim BOG, and concrete theoretical calculation formula is as follows:
A) suppose entrucking pressure to bring up to 0.45MPaG, what calculate LNG crosses cold,
The cold of crossing of feed liquor LNG calculates by formula (1):
E
1＝M
1×(H
2-H
1)×1.055056×2204.62＝1587493kJ，(1)
In formula (1):
E
1represent the cold (kJ) excessively that feed liquor LNG has,
M
1represent the quality (t) of feed liquor LNG,
H
1represent the enthalpy (Btu/lb) when LNG pressure before entrucking is 0.45MPaG, feed liquor temperature is-156 DEG C,
H
2representing LNG pressure before entrucking is enthalpy (Btu/lb) under 0.45MPaG, saturation temperature;
Enthalpy (the H that medium has
1, H
2) check in (see Fig. 1) by the P-H phasor of methane.
Cold in LNG tank car needed for the whole condensation of BOG calculates by formula (2):
E
2＝M
2×(H
3-H
1)×1.055056×2204.62＝157516.7kJ，
In formula (2):
E
2represent the cold (kJ) needed for the whole condensation of BOG,
M
2represent the quality (t) of BOG in LNG tank car,
H
3representing BOG pressure before entrucking is enthalpy (Btu/lb) when temperature is-112 DEG C before 0.45MPaG, entrucking;
E
1＞＞E
2。Calculating shows, adds various thermal loss, and under 0.45MPaG, the BOG in entrucking process can reclaim by cold excessively that feed liquor LNG has completely in whole condensation.
B) before entrucking, BOG is not discharged, the final pressure P reached in LNG tank car after calculating entrucking
2, according to the first law of thermodynamics, calculate the cold enthalpy difference of mistake needed for feed liquor LNG, formula is as follows:
ΔH＝0.00042992×E
2/M
3＝3.53Btu/lb，(3)
In formula (3):
Δ H represents the enthalpy difference (Btu/lb) needed for feed liquor LNG,
M
3represent feed liquor LNG and measure (t).
According to the LNG saturation pressure under enthalpy difference and corresponding feed liquor temperature, the P-H phasor looking into methane can obtain:
P
2＝0.0724MPaG。
In sum, add thermal loss, the final pressure that after entrucking, tank car tank reaches is about 0.08MPaG, and pressure height 0.04MPaG when only returning entrucking than BOG, much smaller than tank car tank design operation pressure.Calculate from energy balance, carrying out closed entrucking is feasible technically.
Below again by analyzing the change of entrucking pressure process, to prove the feasibility of carrying out closed entrucking further:
According to the working specification of tank car entrucking, the LNG that the initial stage enters tank car tank is cooled by tank deck spray pipe 4 pairs of tank car tanks with the speed of 150kg/min, carries out full speed again and fill after about 15 minutes.If tank car tank vapor delivery line is communicated with house steward BOG, in whole process, pressure can a little higher than receiving station house steward BOG, does not have large change (see Fig. 2).
Do not open tank car gas phase return valve carry out entrucking time, the BOG in tank is in pressure 0.45MPaG, the superheat state of temperature-112 DEG C, the initial stage enter the LNG of cooling in tank car inevitable some can be gasified by the BOG in tank car, cause tank car internal pressure to raise.Along with constantly entering of LNG, BOG is constantly cooled, and temperature reduces gradually, and when saturation temperature under BOG is cooled to corresponding pressure, pressure just no longer rises, then progressively declines.The speed that the design distribution of pressure ramp-up rate and amplitude and tank car tank top spray pipe, heat exchange efficiency and LNG enter is relevant, measures by practical operation.
Measured by trial assembly, two kinds of tank car rate of pressure rise that Fujian LNG now fills and amplitude close, filling beginning 5 minutes, just starting after the highest rising 0.05MPaG of tank pressure to decline, be about 0.08 ~ 0.1MPaG (see Fig. 3) to tank internal pressure at the end of entrucking.The peak of its pressure increase is relevant with tank car status before entrucking with final tank pressure, if to put the time longer for tank car ullage, BOG temperature is higher, then maximum pressure and final tank pressure higher, vice versa.
In sum, LNG tank car of the present invention is closed loading method and can be realized completely.
Fujian LNG tank car charging system came into operation on June 27th, 2008, the loading method that the initial stage of coming into operation adopts the BOG of design to discharge always.With regard to final tank pressure rising, the impact of transportation range is being assessed, and entrucking process superpressure emission point pressure is arranged, under automatic filling pattern filling weight arrange, manually fill pattern under fill after time restriction etc. formulates corresponding Con trolling index, in change tank car entrucking on October 25th, 2008 working specification, implement closed loading method.To on August 10th, 2014, safety in truck-loading 138000, by entrucking BOG discharge amount 0.315 ton of/the calculating of actual measurement, decrease 43470 tons of BOG altogether and produce, reach Expected Results.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. utilize a method of BOG during LNG cold energy recovery tank car entrucking, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
1) before the entrucking of LNG tank car, pressure is 0.1 ~ 0.5MPaG, if pressure is greater than 0.5MpaG, the valve opened on BOG gas phase return arm carries out unloading being depressed into below 0.5MPaG;
2), when entrucking starts, only open the liquid flowing valve at LNG tank car top, then by liquid flowing valve to be less than 12m
3the flow of/h is filled with LNG, and LNG enters in tank car tank, is cooled LNG tank car by the spray pipe of LNG tank car inner top, portion gas is made again to be liquefied as LNG, pass into 2 ~ 3 tons and complete precooling, and then open LNG tank car bottom feed valve, LNG is filled;
3) entrucking process initial stage pressure increase 0.1MPa ~ 0.2MPa, along with the increase of LNG filling weight, LNG tank car internal pressure can transfer decline to, and after entrucking, the pressure stability in LNG tank car is within 0.15MPa;
Above-mentioned loading method utilized the cold in cold LNG to carry out condensation to reclaim BOG, and concrete theoretical calculation formula is as follows:
A) before the entrucking of LNG tank car, pressure is 0.1 ~ 0.5MPaG, and what calculate LNG crosses cold,
The cold of crossing of feed liquor LNG calculates by formula (1):
E
1＝M
1×(H
2-H
1)×1.055056×2204.62＝1587493kJ， (1)
In formula (1):
E
1represent the cold excessively that feed liquor LNG has,
M
1represent the quality of feed liquor LNG,
H
1represent enthalpy when LNG pressure before entrucking is 0.1 ~ 0.5MPaG, feed liquor temperature is-156 DEG C,
H
2representing LNG pressure after entrucking is enthalpy under 0.1 ~ 0.5MPaG, saturation temperature;
Cold in LNG tank car needed for the whole condensation of BOG calculates by formula (2):
E
2＝M
2×(H
3-H
1)×1.055056×2204.62＝157516.7kJ，
In formula (2):
E
2represent the cold needed for the whole condensation of BOG,
M
2represent the quality of BOG in LNG tank car,
H
3representing BOG pressure before entrucking is enthalpy when temperature is-112 DEG C before 0.1 ~ 0.5MPaG, entrucking;
B) before entrucking, BOG is not discharged, the final pressure P reached in LNG tank car after calculating entrucking
2, according to the first law of thermodynamics, calculate the cold enthalpy difference of mistake needed for feed liquor LNG, formula is as follows:
ΔH＝0.00042992×E
2/M
3＝3.53Btu/l b， (3)
In formula (3):
Δ H represents the enthalpy difference needed for feed liquor LNG,
M
3represent feed liquor LNG to measure.
2. according to claim 1 utilize LNG cold energy reclaim tank car entrucking time BOG method, it is characterized in that, in step 2) in, the speed being passed into LNG by liquid flowing valve is 150kg/min.
3. according to claim 1 utilize LNG cold energy reclaim tank car entrucking time BOG method, it is characterized in that, in step 2) in, the time completing precooling is 10 ~ 20 minutes.
4. according to claim 1 utilize LNG cold energy reclaim tank car entrucking time BOG method, it is characterized in that, in step 2) in, the flow being carried out filling by LNG is 50 ~ 70 cubes ms/h.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN104791602A (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2015-07-22 | 武汉交圣新能源工程有限公司 | LNG (liquefied natural gas) fuel supply method and device utilizing BOG (boil-off gas) preferentially |
| CN107092767A (en) * | 2016-04-12 | 2017-08-25 | 深圳中燃哈工大燃气技术研究院有限公司 | BOG storages and the method for yield in a kind of calculating LNG storage tank |
| CN108731374A (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2018-11-02 | 蚌埠艾普压缩机制造有限公司 | A kind of BOG recycling reliquefaction installation |
| CN114659020A (en) * | 2022-03-21 | 2022-06-24 | 烟台杰瑞石油装备技术有限公司 | Liquid nitrogen equipment and control method thereof |
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| CN104791602A (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2015-07-22 | 武汉交圣新能源工程有限公司 | LNG (liquefied natural gas) fuel supply method and device utilizing BOG (boil-off gas) preferentially |
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| CN108731374A (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2018-11-02 | 蚌埠艾普压缩机制造有限公司 | A kind of BOG recycling reliquefaction installation |
| CN114659020A (en) * | 2022-03-21 | 2022-06-24 | 烟台杰瑞石油装备技术有限公司 | Liquid nitrogen equipment and control method thereof |
| CN114659020B (en) * | 2022-03-21 | 2023-08-25 | 烟台杰瑞石油装备技术有限公司 | Liquid nitrogen equipment and control method thereof |
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