CN104481510B - A kind of method for determining heating cable for hollow oil-pumping rod depth of setting - Google Patents
A kind of method for determining heating cable for hollow oil-pumping rod depth of setting Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 80
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003532 endogenous pyrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 108010052620 leukocyte endogenous mediator Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- XQCFHQBGMWUEMY-ZPUQHVIOSA-N Nitrovin Chemical compound C=1C=C([N+]([O-])=O)OC=1\C=C\C(=NNC(=N)N)\C=C\C1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)O1 XQCFHQBGMWUEMY-ZPUQHVIOSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 5
- 241000272814 Anser sp. Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 240000002853 Nelumbo nucifera Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000006508 Nelumbo nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000006510 Nelumbo pentapetala Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000282376 Panthera tigris Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000273618 Sphenoclea zeylanica Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B36/00—Heating, cooling or insulating arrangements for boreholes or wells, e.g. for use in permafrost zones
- E21B36/04—Heating, cooling or insulating arrangements for boreholes or wells, e.g. for use in permafrost zones using electrical heaters
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- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Abstract
The method for determining heating cable for hollow oil-pumping rod depth of setting, is the hollow middle tripping in heating cable heat tracing heating oil recovery in hollow rod applied to the solidifying high-wax oil well of oil field height.Collection prepares the oilwell parameter of tripping in hollow rod and the technical parameter of hollow rod first, secondly setting up conventional pumpingh well temperature fall model, foundation has thermal source pumpingh well temperature fall model, 3rd depth of setting calculated according to model, finally checks oil pumping machine polished rod load and constructs.Effect is：On the premise of meeting the maximum polished rod load of oil pumper, realize oil well of the freezing point more than 35 DEG C and normally produce；Not hot wash, not dosing, rate averagely improves 10 percentage points when oil well is effective, saves production run cost, alleviates the labor intensity of employee.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to oil extraction in oil field technical field, more particularly in the solidifying high-wax oil well of height, hollow rod was utilized
Heating oil recovery technical field, is a kind of method for determining heating cable for hollow oil-pumping rod depth of setting.
Background technology
The solidifying high-wax oil well of height in process of production, increases because crude oil property difference easily causes oil pumping machine polished rod load,
Stop rising again in the case of well and take out difficulty, add the difficulty of well maintenance, meanwhile, some wells do not take pit shaft to heat skill
Art, can not normally be produced at all.The hollow rod relief cable heating of tripping in certain depth can solve live real in oil well
Border problem, but its depth of setting is often carried out by rule of thumb, the height for being unfavorable for improving oil well coagulates high-wax oil exploitation effect,
Energy-saving purpose can not be reached.
Shi Zhenggang, Wang Dongguo et al. are published in the 3rd phase in 2011《Triumph institute of China University Of Petroleum Beijing journal》On " electricity plus
The temperature prediction and power of heat oil pumping pit shaft are determined " text, the problem of heating cable is equipped with power is only proposed, is not mentioned rationally
The problem of depth of setting.
Li Sheng young tiger Zhang Zhens China et al. is published in the 1st phase in 2005《Oil-gas field surface engineering》" wellbore electric heating on magazine
The text of application of the technology in thickened oil recovery " one, discusses electric heating apparatus of hollow sucker rod structure and principle, process characteristic, fits
Benefit etc. is obtained with scope and construction technical requirement and field application.
Sufficient discussion has all been carried out to the application effect of electric heating rod in above-mentioned document, but not referred under electric heating rod
Enter depth.At present, the annexation of tubing string has been provided with, but no technical staff can determine that the most suitable of electric heating rod G.I.H
The depth of conjunction, everybody empirically determines depth of setting.Tripping in is deeply excessive, can increase pumping unit hanging point load and power consumption, can also make
Wasted into heating cable and hollow rod；Depth of setting is not enough, does not have sufficient heat effect, oil well can not normally give birth to
Production.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method for determining heating cable for hollow oil-pumping rod depth of setting.Set up well head
The mathematical modeling of oil outlet temperature and depth and solution, determine the most suitable depth of heating cable for hollow oil-pumping rod tripping in, fully hair
Wave heating cable thermal source efficiency, it is ensured that the crude oil in oil pipe is fully heated, the viscosity of the high solidifying high-wax oil of reduction, reduction oil pumping is carried
Lotus, when overcoming the high solidifying high-wax oil of extraction, lifts the difficult, deficiency of high energy consumption in the wellbore.
A kind of method for determining heating cable for hollow oil-pumping rod depth of setting, it is characterised in that：
Step 1, collection prepare the oilwell parameter of tripping in hollow rod and the technical parameter of hollow rod：
(1) well mouth of oil well back pressure P, unit：MPa；
(2) oil pipe outer diameter D, unit：m；
(3) midpoint of pay zone h, unit：m；
(4) pour point of crude oils temperature tn, unit：℃；
(5) well head oil outlet temperature TWell head, unit：℃；
(6) well oil output Qo, unit：t/d；
(7) oil well aquifer yield Qw, unit：t/d；
(8) oil well comprehensive water cut percentage fw；
(9) geothermal gradient gT, unit：℃/100m；
(10) reservoir temperature tr, unit：℃；
(11) the power q of cable is heatedi, unit：W/m；
Step 2, the conventional pumpingh well temperature fall model of foundation
The parameter of collection is brought into the mathematical modeling one of oil well, oil reservoir production fluid temperature along along oil pipe rising way is obtained and is down to
Height (x) and the relation function F (t, x) of oil stream temperature (t) during pour point of crude oils temperature away from shaft bottom, utilize Visual Basic 6.0
Language has worked out software for calculation, and calculating flowline by iterative method goes out depth of the position far from shaft bottom that liquid temperature degree reaches pour point of crude oils
Degree, x zero point coordinate is in the middle part of the oil reservoir of shaft bottom, upwards for just.
Model one：
In formula：
Q --- oilwell produced fluid amount, t/d；
Fw --- oil well comprehensive water cut percentage；
Q=Qo+Qw
Qo--- well oil output, t/d；
Qw--- oil well aquifer yield, t/d；
The specific heat capacity of C --- Produced Liquid, J/ (kg DEG C)；
C=Co×(1-fw)+Cw×fw
Co--- oily specific heat capacity, J/ (kg DEG C)；
Cw--- the specific heat capacity of water, J/ (kg DEG C)；
K --- calculate pipeline (oil pipe) heat transfer coefficient, W/ (m2·℃)；
D --- oil pipe external diameter, m；
X --- away from the distance in the middle part of oil reservoir, m；
tr--- reservoir temperature, DEG C；
td--- calculated along pit shaft and liquid temperature degree is produced at zero point, DEG C；
gT--- geothermal gradient, DEG C/100m；
Step 3, foundation have thermal source pumpingh well temperature fall model
The related data of collection is substituted into electric cable heating well bore temperature distribution mathematical modeling two；Oil pipe during endogenous pyrogen is obtained
Interior fluid temperature (T) is with the relation function G (T, X) of change in depth, and X zero point coordinate is at pour point in crude oil in oil pipe temperature,
Upwards for just；Depth and corresponding temperature in mathematical modeling will could be calculated by iterative method.
Model two：
In formula：
qi--- heating cable powering, W/m；
tn--- pour point of crude oils temperature, DEG C；
Other parameter meanings are repeated no more with step 2.
Step 4, the depth of setting X calculated according to step 3 and well head oil outlet temperature T and detail design, tripping in oil well pipe
Post and carried the oil well pole of heating cable for hollow oil-pumping rod and included：Oil well pipe is threadedly coupled successively from top to bottom from well head
There are screen casing, external diameter that plain end oil well pipe, oil pump sleeve, external diameter that heavy wall tubing, external diameter that external diameter is 73mm are 73mm are 73mm
For 73mm starting taper.
It is 36mm that oil well pole is threaded with the hollow rod, external diameter that external diameter is 36mm from well head successively from top to bottom
Become external diameter become HY grade pumping rods that buckle joint, external diameter are 22mm into 25mm D grade pumping rods, external diameter into 25mm sucker rod, it is outer
Footpath is 19mm HY grade pumping rod and oil pump plunger piston, and oil pump plunger piston is in the oil pump sleeve of oil well pipe；Heat cable
By the hollow oil pumping polish rod attachment means of electrical heating, along the endoporus G.I.H of hollow rod；
Step 5, determine hollow rod and heating cable depth of setting after, check oil pumping machine polished rod load, inspection institute use
Whether ground pumping unit power and lifting force meet needs.
Pmax=PEmpty bar+PBar+PLiquid+PCable
In formula：PmaxFor MAXIMUM POLISHED ROD LOAD, t；PEmpty barFor the weight of hollow rod in a liquid, t；PBarTo be outer
Gross weight of the common bar of HY grades of D grades of footpath 25mm strength grades, external diameter 22mm and external diameter 19mm strength grades in oil well liquid,
t；PLiquidTo act on the fluid column load on piston, t；PCableFor the weight of lower derrick design cable, t.
Described check oil pumping machine polished rod load is method known to oilfield technology personnel, be not described in detail；
Described heating cable for hollow oil-pumping rod of crossing is exactly the electrical heating sucker rod or heating sucker rod that oil field is often said.
Beneficial effect of the present invention：Present invention determine that crossing the method for heating cable for hollow oil-pumping rod depth of setting, it can determine that
The most suitable depth of hollow rod G.I.H, on the premise of the maximum polished rod load of oil pumper is met, realizes solidification
Oil well of the point more than 35 DEG C is normally produced；Not hot wash, not dosing, rate averagely improves 10 percentage points when oil well is effective, saves
Production run cost, alleviates the labor intensity of employee.
Embodiment
So that wild goose 63-159 wells determined heating cable for hollow oil-pumping rod depth of setting as an example, it is described in detail.
Wild goose 63-159 well crude oil properties：Density at 20 DEG C, 0.932g/cm3, 50 DEG C of viscosity 956.4mPas, freezing point 37
DEG C, paraffin content 31.8%, well depth 2995.7m, produces water 13t/d, lower pump parameter phi 38mm × 1929.28m daily at day oil-producing 12t/d.
Step 1, collection prepare the oilwell parameter, the technical parameter of hollow rod and heating cable of tripping in hollow rod
Technical parameter：
1st, oil pipe outer diameter D, 73mm；
2nd, pour point of crude oils temperature tn, 37 DEG C；
3rd, well head oil outlet temperature TWell head, 40 DEG C；
4th, well oil output Qo, 12t/d；
5th, oil well aquifer yield Qw, 13t/d；
6th, geothermal gradient gT, 3 DEG C/100m；
7th, reservoir temperature tr, 89 DEG C；
8th, the power qi of cable is heated, takes 5W/m, 6W/m, 7W/m to carry out tentative calculation, when well head oil outlet temperature can not be met,
The heating cable tentative calculation that power is either large or small is selected again；
Step 2, the conventional pumpingh well temperature fall model of foundation
The parameter of collection is brought into the mathematical modeling one of oil well, oil reservoir production fluid temperature along along oil pipe rising way is obtained and is down to
Height (x) and the relation function F (t, x) of oil stream temperature (t) during pour point of crude oils temperature away from shaft bottom, utilize Visual Basic 6.0
Language has worked out software for calculation, and calculating flowline by iterative method goes out depth of the position far from shaft bottom that liquid temperature degree reaches pour point of crude oils
Degree, x zero point coordinate is in the middle part of the oil reservoir of shaft bottom, upwards for just.
Model one：
In formula：
Q --- oilwell produced fluid amount, t/d；
Fw --- oil well comprehensive water cut percentage；
Q=Qo+Qw
Qo--- well oil output, t/d；
Qw--- oil well aquifer yield, t/d；
The specific heat capacity of C --- Produced Liquid, J/ (kg DEG C)；
C=Co×(1-fw)+Cw×fw
Co--- oily specific heat capacity, J/ (kg DEG C)；
Cw--- the specific heat capacity of water, J/ (kg DEG C)；
K --- calculate pipeline (oil pipe) heat transfer coefficient, W/ (m2·℃)；
D --- oil pipe external diameter, m；
X --- away from bottom hole spacing, m；
tr--- reservoir temperature, DEG C；
td--- calculated along pit shaft and liquid temperature degree is produced at zero point, DEG C；
gT--- geothermal gradient, DEG C/100m；
Step 3, foundation have thermal source pumpingh well temperature fall model：
The related data of collection is substituted into electric cable heating well bore temperature distribution mathematical modeling (model two)；Endogenous pyrogen is obtained
When oil pipe in the relation function G (T, X) that changes with depth (X) of fluid temperature (T), X zero point coordinate is in crude oil in oil pipe temperature
At pour point, upwards for just；Depth in mathematical modeling will could be calculated by iterative method.
Model two：
In formula：
qi--- heating cable powering, W/m；
tn--- pour point of crude oils temperature, DEG C；
Other parameter meanings are repeated no more with step 2.
Shown by solving.Wild goose 63-159 well hollow rods depth of setting be 850~950m between, freezing point can be met
For the production requirement of 37 DEG C of crude oil.Freezing point have to be larger than this other temperature for 37 DEG C of crude oil well head oil outlet temperature.
Step 4, the depth of setting X and well head oil outlet temperature T calculated according to step 3Well head, tripping in oil well pipe and carry
The oil well pole of hollow rod includes：It is the additional of 73mm that oil well pipe is threaded with external diameter from well head successively from top to bottom
Heat-bodied oil length of tube is 900m, and the bottom depth of 73mm external upset tubings is 900m；External diameter for 73mm external upset tubing under connect
The plain end oil well pipe length that external diameter is 73mm is 1021.92m, and the plain end oil well pipe bottom depth that external diameter is 73mm is 1921.92m；
Oil pump sleeve length is 7.76m, and the bottom depth of oil pump sleeve is 1929.68m；The screen casing length that external diameter is 73mm is
20.31m, the screen casing bottom depth that external diameter is 73mm is 1948.99m；The starting taper length that external diameter is 73mm is 29.55m, external diameter
Lower end depth for 73mm starting taper is 1978.54m.
Oil well pole is threaded with the hollow rod length that external diameter is 36mm from well head successively from top to bottom
908.14m, the hollow rod length that external diameter is 36mm is 908.14m, and bottom depth is 908.14m；External diameter becomes for 36mm
The sucker rod variable buckle joint length that external diameter is 22mm is 0.5m, and sucker rod becomes the bottom depth of buckle joint into 908.64m；External diameter
It is 375.38m for 22mm HY grade pumping rod length, external diameter is 22mm HY grade pumping rods bottom depth 1284.02m；External diameter
It is 520.58m for 19mm HY grade pumping rod length, the bottom depth for the HY grade pumping rods that external diameter is 19mm is 1804.6m；
The D grade pumping rod length that external diameter is 25mm is 101.36m, and the D grade pumping rods bottom depth that external diameter is 25mm is 1905.96m；
Oil pump plunger piston length is 1.5m, and the bottom depth of oil pump plunger piston is 1907.46m.Oil pump plunger piston is in oil well pipe
In oil pump sleeve.There are the hollow oil pumping polish rod attachment means of electrical heating at the upper end end of hollow rod, heating cable is by connecting
Connection device imports the endoporus G.I.H along hollow rod.Hollow rod internal diameter is 24mm, and the external diameter of cable is 19mm, energy
In enough tripping in bars.
Step 5, determine after setting depth of coaxial double hollow sucker rods, check oil pumping machine polished rod load.
Pmax=PEmpty bar+PBar+PLiquid+PCable
Wherein：
1st, the quality per km D36mm hollow rods is 4600kg/km；
2nd, the quality that cable is heated per km is 680kg/km；
3rd, the quality per km D19mm hollow rods is 2350kg/km；
4th, the quality per km D22mm hollow rods is 3136kg/km；
5th, the quality per km D25mm hollow rods is 4091kg/km；
By checking hollow stem and heating cable depth of setting 908.14m, lower-continuous mapping 1929.68m, pumping unit hanging point is carried
Lotus meets production requirement in 8.749t, 14 types oil pumping function.After wild goose 63-159 wells are taken out, oil well is realized 24 hours continuously normally
Production；Oil well not hot wash, not dosing, rate averagely improves 13.8 percentage points when oil well is effective, alleviates the labor intensity of employee.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of method for determining heating cable for hollow oil-pumping rod depth of setting, it is characterised in that：
Step 1, collection prepare the oilwell parameter of tripping in hollow rod and the technical parameter of hollow rod：
(1) well mouth of oil well back pressure P, unit：MPa；
(2) oil pipe outer diameter D, unit：m；
(3) midpoint of pay zone h, unit：m；
(4) pour point of crude oils temperature tn, unit：℃；
(5) well head oil outlet temperature TWell head, unit：℃；
(6) well oil output Qo, unit：t/d；
(7) oil well aquifer yield Qw, unit：t/d；
(8) oil well comprehensive water cut percentage fw；
(9) geothermal gradient gT, unit：℃/100m；
(10) reservoir temperature tr, unit：℃；
(11) the power q of cable is heatedi, unit：W/m；
Step 2, the conventional pumpingh well temperature fall model of foundation
The parameter of collection is brought into the mathematical modeling one of oil well, oil reservoir production fluid temperature along along oil pipe rising way is obtained and is down to crude oil
Height (x) and the relation function F (t, x) of oil stream temperature (t) during pour point temperature away from shaft bottom, utilize the language of Visual Basic 6.0
Software for calculation is worked out, calculating flowline by iterative method goes out depth of the position far from shaft bottom that liquid temperature degree reaches pour point of crude oils, x's
Zero point coordinate is in the middle part of the oil reservoir of shaft bottom, upwards for just；
Model one：
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In formula：
Q --- oilwell produced fluid amount, t/d；
Fw --- oil well comprehensive water cut percentage；
Q=Qo+Qw
Qo--- well oil output, t/d；
Qw--- oil well aquifer yield, t/d；
The specific heat capacity of C --- Produced Liquid, J/ (kg DEG C)；
C=Co×(1-fw)+Cw×fw
Co--- oily specific heat capacity, J/ (kg DEG C)；
Cw--- the specific heat capacity of water, J/ (kg DEG C)；
K --- oil pipe heat transfer coefficient, W/ (m2·℃)；
D --- oil pipe external diameter, m；
X --- away from the distance in the middle part of oil reservoir, m；
tr--- reservoir temperature, DEG C；
td--- calculated along pit shaft and liquid temperature degree is produced at zero point, DEG C；
gT--- geothermal gradient, DEG C/100m；
Step 3, foundation have thermal source pumpingh well temperature fall model
The related data of collection is substituted into electric cable heating well bore temperature distribution mathematical modeling two, oily intraluminal fluid during endogenous pyrogen has been obtained
The relation function G (T, X) that temperature (T) changes with depth (X), X zero point coordinate crude oil in oil pipe temperature be pour point at, to
Upper is just；Depth and temperature in mathematical modeling will could be calculated by iterative method；
Model two：
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In formula：
qi--- heating cable powering, W/m；
tn--- pour point of crude oils temperature, DEG C；
Step 4, the depth of setting X calculated according to step 3 and well head oil outlet temperature T and detail design, tripping in oil well pipe and
Carrying the oil well pole of heating cable for hollow oil-pumping rod includes：Oil well pipe is threaded with outer successively from top to bottom from well head
Screen casing that plain end oil well pipe that heavy wall tubing that footpath is 73mm, external diameter are 73mm, oil pump sleeve, external diameter are 73mm, external diameter are
73mm starting taper；
It is that 36mm becomes outer that oil well pole is threaded with the hollow rod, external diameter that external diameter is 36mm from well head successively from top to bottom
The sucker rod that footpath is 25mm becomes buckle joint, the HY grade pumping rods that external diameter is 22mm into 25mm D grade pumping rods, external diameter, external diameter
19mm HY grade pumping rods and oil pump plunger piston, oil pump plunger piston is in the oil pump sleeve of oil well pipe；Cable is heated to pass through
The hollow oil pumping polish rod attachment means of electrical heating, along the endoporus G.I.H of hollow rod；
Step 5, determine hollow rod and heating cable depth of setting after, check oil pumping machine polished rod load, inspection institute ground
Whether pumping unit power and lifting force meet needs；
Pmax=PEmpty bar+PBar+PLiquid+PCable
In formula：PmaxFor MAXIMUM POLISHED ROD LOAD, t；PEmpty barFor the weight of hollow rod in a liquid, t；PBarFor external diameter
Gross weight of the common bar of HY grades of D grades of 25mm strength grades, external diameter 22mm and external diameter 19mm strength grades in oil well liquid, t；
PLiquidTo act on the fluid column load on piston, t；PCableFor the weight of lower derrick design cable, t.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410747536.XA CN104481510B (en) | 2014-12-10 | 2014-12-10 | A kind of method for determining heating cable for hollow oil-pumping rod depth of setting |
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| CN113738344B (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2024-05-24 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Oil-water interface depth determining method and early warning method for preventing production well water channeling |
| CN113803055B (en) * | 2020-06-11 | 2024-05-24 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Oil-water interface depth determining method and early warning method for preventing production well water channeling |
| CN112052584B (en) * | 2020-09-01 | 2022-08-23 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Electric heating depth optimization method for oil pipe of beam-pumping well |
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