CN104480368A - Method for modifying alumina inclusions in steel by use of silicon and alloy thereof with assistance of magnetic levitation - Google Patents
Method for modifying alumina inclusions in steel by use of silicon and alloy thereof with assistance of magnetic levitation Download PDFInfo
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- CN104480368A CN104480368A CN201410727013.9A CN201410727013A CN104480368A CN 104480368 A CN104480368 A CN 104480368A CN 201410727013 A CN201410727013 A CN 201410727013A CN 104480368 A CN104480368 A CN 104480368A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of smelting and specifically relates to a smelting method for removing a large quantity of inclusions by use of a silicon-containing alloy under the promotion of magnetic levitation and nodulizing the rest inclusion particles. The smelting method is characterized in that 1) pure silicon is used independently as a modifier, and quickly smelted under the action of magnetic levitation to remove inclusions of above 10 microns to a large extent, and the quantity of the residual inclusions are lower than that of treatment by use of other modifiers by two orders of magnitude, 2) the liquid steel is under the influence of the levitation force in a crucible and the pollution on the liquid steel caused by the crucible is reduced, and 3) the liquid steel is stirred violently under the action of the magnetic force, so that the removal of the inclusions in the steel is accelerated and the residual inclusions are modified into smooth spheres. The smelting method has excellent effects on reducing the quantity of large-size inclusions in the steel and nodulizing the rest inclusions to obtain dispersed spherical particles, and a new effective way is provided for the modification of alumina inclusions in the liquid steel.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of steel metallurgy, be specially a kind of in directional magnetic field, inclusion conditioning is carried out to steel interpolation pure silicon or silicon-containing alloy, and reduce the melting method of steel inclusion quantity, adopt and add the spherical particle that alumina inclusion in steel is adjusted to less than 10 microns by silicon, in steel, the alumina inclusion of Dispersed precipitate is wrapped up by low melting point silico-aluminate, forms smooth sphere, has increased substantially life-span and the mechanical property of material.
Background technology
Nonmetallic inclusionsin steel is to the intensity of steel, plasticity, fracture, toughness, cutting ability, spot corrosion has significant impact, since in nineteen ninety World Iron & Steel conference, Nippon Steel researcher proposes Oxides Metallurgy Technology, people have had new understanding to the inclusion in steel, the high purity of no longer overcritical steel grade, but study the active and effective inclusion utilized in steel, Oxide Metallurgy is namely by adding suitable composite deoxidant and adopting rational deoxidation system to control the size of deoxidation products, distribution, composition and quantity, make to be formed in steel the controlled and oxide particle that disperse is tiny of certain composition, utilize they as when solidifying or solid-solid phase change time crystallization nuclei, by the movement of crystal boundary under pinning high temperature, growing up of crystal grain is suppressed, by promoting that the forming core of Intragranular Acicular Ferrite carrys out the tissue of refinement steel, reduce base carbon by forming carbide thus improve the processibility of steel, making steel have good toughness, higher intensity and excellent weldability
[1].
Aluminium killed steel when continuous casting, dystectic Al
2o
3impact casting above the mouth of a river that inclusion is easily bonded at tundish is large and inclusion that is that concentrate is very harmful to the performance of steel, Al
2o
3when particle is more than 1 μm, the yield strength of steel and tensile strength will significantly reduce.
Unprocessed nonmetallic inclusionsin steel quantity is many, and gather distribution in irregular large bulk, the inclusion of these irregular large block Assembled distribution, easily cause stress concentration, the impelling strength of steel is reduced, and use the non-metallic inclusion in silicon calcium treated steel, polygonal bulk inclusion becomes the fine particle of spherical or approximate ball, and its distribution becomes disperse from Assembled distribution is uniformly distributed, thus improve the performance of steel
[2].
Traditional silico-calcium treatment process is the technique conventional when smelting aluminium killed steel of current factory, and it is to modification steel inclusion, and improving steel performance has effect to a certain degree, but is also faced with some difficulties simultaneously
[3].Such as, because the density of calcium is lower than molten steel, can not sinking in steel, when adding calcium containing alloy in molten bath, needing winding-up or feeding cored-wire effectively to add; The vapour pressure of calcium is very high, and the solubleness in molten steel is very little; The oxide inclusion of calcium-base alloy modified aluminium, its modified product obtained not easily is removed, and when forming liquid phase in the periphery of inclusion particle, hinders the carrying out of reaction of degeneration, the product C aOAl that modification simultaneously obtains
2o
3not yielding, can tiny crack be formed at high-level rigid line in the cold drawn or operation of rolling, cause the penalty of steel.
In the traditional technology process of silicocalcium process, the treatment effect of calcium to inclusion is poor, forms a large amount of CaOAl with alumina inclusion
2o
3particle, the amount of inclusions is huge, and nodularization effect is limited.But under the magnetic levitation auxiliary process of this patent, modified effect significantly promotes; Further, the modified effect of pure silicon in Control of inclusions process but rarely has to be mentioned, it is generally acknowledged that pure silicon easily forms chain and is mingled with, should not be used alone.This patent provides the example of a kind of pure silicon and magnetic levitation melting conbined usage, and after can making Si modification, the amount of inclusions is rationally reduced, and simultaneously size generally controls below 10 microns, and inclusion particle surface be close to present perfectly spherical.
The melting of magnetic levitation stove has feature rapidly and efficiently, can reach higher smelting temperature during melting, and in fusion process, molten steel is suspended state, and during the melting of magnetic levitation melting stove, the suspending power that its induction produces can well be removed macrobead and be mingled with
[4].
[1] Han Qiyong, Fei Yongliang. the 6th World Iron & Steel conference [J]. iron and steel, 1991,6:84-85.
[2] Lu Xiangyu, Li Bo, Wang Yongshun, Zhao Baoguo. feed Ca-Si silk to the research [J] of steel inclusion sex change. Baogang's science and technology, 2003,29:28-31.
[3] Liu Gang, Zhang Wangsheng, Li Bin. Calcium treatment technique is to inclusion modification theoretical analysis and put into practice [J]. Jiangxi Metallurgical, 2009,29 (3): 3-5.
[4] Yang Guicheng. induction heating suspended smelting new technology [J]. casting equipment research, 2002,3:52-54.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide and a kind of in magnetic levitation stove fusion process, add pure silicon or silicon-containing alloy carries out aluminate modification, and reduce the melting method of the amount of inclusions.The present invention significantly can reduce the quantity that large-grain alumina in steel is mingled with, and makes remaining alumina inclusion form smooth sphere, promotes the raising of every mechanical property of steel.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
Utilize an alumina inclusion method of modifying in the steel of silicon process, comprise the following steps:
1) before melting, quantitative reductor (Al), alumina powder are mingled with, silicon (Si) powder (comprising silicon-containing alloy) mixes briquetting with iron powder;
2) the Al powder, the Al that add in iron powder
2o
3powder and Si powder are by weight percentage;
3) steel sample carries out melting in magnetic levitation stove, the stirring of fusion process by regulating induced current to strengthen molten steel;
4), after melting terminates, molten steel is placed in cooling in crucible;
5) present method can greatly reduce the quantity of aluminate in steel, and makes residual oxygen aluminum inclusion obtain good spheroidization, promotes the raising of steel properties.
Described utilizes alumina inclusion method of modifying in the steel of silicon process, when early stage, raw material prepared, by quantitative Al, Al
2o
3mix in mortar with straight iron powder with Si powder, compound stalk forming.
Described utilizes alumina inclusion method of modifying in the steel of silicon process, and for avoiding molten steel to absorb oxygen in air and nitrogen, formed more nonmetal assorted, fusion process carries out under an argon atmosphere.
Described utilizes alumina inclusion method of modifying in the steel of silicon process, the stirring of fusion process by regulating induced current size to strengthen molten steel, molten steel acutely rolls in crucible, reduces the size of steel inclusion, and the floating that the suspending power that induction produces facilitates inclusion is removed.
Described utilizes alumina inclusion method of modifying in the steel of silicon process, and during melting, for ensureing fusant reaction and treatment effect, sample should keep for some time after boiling.
Described utilizes alumina inclusion method of modifying in the steel of silicon process, and for avoiding the secondary oxidation of molten steel, after melting terminates, molten steel cools under being placed in argon gas atmosphere.
Described utilizes alumina inclusion method of modifying in the steel of silicon process, adds silica flour melting in magnetic levitation stove in steel, can modification the Al reduced in steel
2o
3be mingled with, eliminate Al
2o
3on the impact of steel mechanics performance, reach the object that sublimate is smelted.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
1. present invention achieves and use silicon process modified aluminas to be mingled with, the modification for alumina inclusion provides a kind of new viable process.
2. present invention process is reasonable in design, low raw-material cost, by using magnetic levitation stove to add silica flour melting, greatly reduces Al in steel
2o
3the quantity be mingled with; Simultaneously residual oxygen aluminium is mingled with and obtains nodularization and Dispersed precipitate; Promote the improvement of steel mechanics performance.
3. the present invention designs melting speed soon, and system is simple, and security is high, workable.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 uses the inclusion scanning electron microscope (SEM) (a) of pure iron melting and corresponding energy spectrogram (EDS) (b).
Fig. 2 is for adding Al, Al
2o
3the inclusion SEM shape appearance figure of deoxidation.
Fig. 3 is for adding Al, Al
2o
3deoxidation and a certain amount of silicocalcium modification (a) and add Al, Al
2o
3the SEM of deoxidation and silica flour modification (b) and corresponding energy spectrogram EDS.
The element Surface scan collection of illustrative plates of the steel sample after silicon process is adopted when Fig. 4 is melting.
Embodiment
The present invention obtains the alumina inclusion particle of Dispersed precipitate in steel by smelting process; Reduce the amount of inclusions, improve inclusion pattern, disperse inclusion distribution, promote that the method that steel performance improves is as follows:
1, the present invention is by magnetic levitation melting method, in straight iron powder, add silica flour (is pure silica flour under general situation, can be in particular cases alloy), aluminium powder, aluminum oxide powder etc. carry out melting, make the ball-aluminium oxide Particulate Inclusion obtaining Dispersed precipitate in steel, reduce aluminate quantity in steel simultaneously, promote the raising of steel mechanics performance;
2, before melting, by quantitative Al, Al
2o
3mix briquetting with Si powder and straight iron powder, wherein Al consumption is 0.01-10.0g/kg, Al
2o
3consumption is 0.01-10.0g/kg, Si consumption is 0.01-100g/kg;
3, the Al powder, the Al that add in straight iron powder
2o
3powder and Si powder are by weight percentage;
4, steel sample melting for some time in magnetic levitation stove, the stirring of fusion process by regulating induced current to strengthen molten steel.During melting, molten steel acutely overturns in crucible, reduces the size of steel inclusion, and the floating facilitating inclusion is removed.For avoiding the oxygen in molten steel absorption air, form more oxide inclusion, fusion process carries out under an argon atmosphere;
5, after melting terminates, molten steel cools under being placed in argon gas atmosphere.
Adopt the technology of the present invention, in steel, add silica flour melting in magnetic levitation stove, can modification reduce the quantity of the alumina inclusion in steel, improve the impact of inclusion on steel mechanics performance, reach the object that sublimate is smelted.The residual oxygen aluminium simultaneously obtained is mingled with spherical in shapeization, is conducive to improving ferrous materials mechanical property.
Below in conjunction with Examples detail the present invention.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 probes into the experiment of inclusion size, pattern for melting iron powder.Be pressed into bulk after being weighed by iron powder, corundum crucible put into by shaping block sample, passes into argon gas in confined conditions with excluding air.For reducing the oxidation of molten steel, be placed in guard box by crucible and ruhmkorff coil, melting is carried out under an argon atmosphere.Between smelting period, constantly adjustment induced current acutely rolls up and down to make molten steel in crucible, strengthens and stirs.For ensureing fusant reaction and treatment effect, sample keeps for some time after boiling.After melting terminates, molten steel cools under being placed in argon gas atmosphere.The steel sample warp that melting obtains cuts into square fritter, under scanning electron microscope observes specimen holder foreign material size, pattern and distribution situation after carrying out sand paper fine grinding, electropolishing, acid liquid corrosion to sample fritter.Polished surface inclusion SEM schemes as shown in drawings, and as can be seen from Fig. 1 a, there is a small amount of Spherical Inhomogeneity in steel, inclusion size is between 1-2 μm.Carry out deoxidation owing to not adding reductor in sample, so the inclusion in steel mainly exists (Fig. 1 b) with the oxide form of iron, the oxide compound of these iron will reduce fatigue strength and the impelling strength of steel.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 is in iron powder, add conventional reductor Al and typical inclusion Al
2o
3the experiment of melting.By Al and Al
2o
3add in iron powder after grinding evenly, be pressed into fritter, corundum crucible put into by shaping block sample, passes into argon gas in confined conditions with excluding air.For reducing the oxidation of molten steel, be placed in guard box by crucible and ruhmkorff coil, melting is carried out under an argon atmosphere.Between smelting period, constantly adjustment induced current acutely rolls up and down to make molten steel in crucible, strengthens and stirs.During melting, for ensureing fusant reaction and treatment effect, sample keeps for some time after boiling.After melting terminates, molten steel cools under being placed in argon gas atmosphere.The steel sample warp that melting obtains cuts into square fritter, under scanning electron microscope observes specimen holder foreign material size, pattern and distribution situation after carrying out sand paper fine grinding, electropolishing, acid liquid corrosion to sample fritter.Polished surface inclusion SEM schemes as shown in drawings, and as can be seen from Figure 2, when only adding aluminium and aluminium sesquioxide, its amount of inclusions obviously increases, and in visual field, the amount of inclusions is a lot, some unavailable naked eyes identification, and skewness.
Embodiment 3
Embodiment 3 for add inclusion conditioning agent Si-Ca alloy in iron powder, and wherein silica flour adds with the form of alloy.Reductor Al powder and typical inclusion Al
2o
3the experiment of melting.Si-Ca meal component is by weight percentage: the content of Silicon In Alloys is 30-50%.By Al, Al
2o
3and Si-Ca powder adds in iron powder after grinding evenly, be pressed into fritter, corundum crucible put into by shaping block sample, passes into argon gas in confined conditions with excluding air.For reducing the oxidation of molten steel, be placed in guard box by crucible and ruhmkorff coil, melting is carried out under an argon atmosphere.Between smelting period, constantly adjustment induced current acutely rolls up and down to make molten steel in crucible, strengthens and stirs.During melting, for ensureing fusant reaction and treatment effect, sample keeps for some time after boiling.After melting terminates, molten steel cools under being placed in argon gas atmosphere.The steel sample warp that melting obtains cuts into square fritter, under scanning electron microscope observes specimen holder foreign material size, pattern and distribution situation after carrying out sand paper fine grinding, electropolishing, acid liquid corrosion to sample fritter.Polished surface inclusion SEM schemes as shown in Figure 3, as can be seen from Fig. 3 a, adds deoxidation properties-correcting agent Si-Ca alloy, can reduce oxygen content in steel in sample, thus reduces the quantity of alumina inclusion.Part inclusion residual seen in visual field, size is between 4-6 μm, and its quantity, than when singly adding aluminium and aluminium sesquioxide, greatly reduces.
Embodiment 4
Embodiment 4 for add inclusion conditioning agent Si powder in iron powder, reductor Al powder and typical inclusion Al
2o
3the experiment of melting.By Al, Al
2o
3and Si powder adds in straight iron powder after grinding evenly, be pressed into fritter, corundum crucible put into by shaping block sample, passes into argon gas in confined conditions with excluding air.For reducing the oxidation of molten steel, be placed in guard box by crucible and ruhmkorff coil, melting is carried out under an argon atmosphere.Between smelting period, constantly adjustment induced current acutely rolls up and down to make molten steel in crucible, strengthens and stirs.During melting, for ensureing fusant reaction and treatment effect, sample keeps for some time after boiling.After melting terminates, molten steel cools under being placed in argon gas atmosphere.The steel sample warp that melting obtains cuts into square fritter, under scanning electron microscope observes specimen holder foreign material size, pattern and distribution situation after carrying out sand paper fine grinding, electropolishing, acid liquid corrosion to sample fritter.Polished surface inclusion SEM schemes as shown in fig. 3b, as can be seen from Fig. 3 b, and comparison diagram 1 (b), in sample, the amount of inclusions obviously reduces, and only finds the inclusion particle of minute quantity in field range, and inclusion spherical in shapeization of remnants.These are mingled with the mixture being mainly Si-Al-O, and because the amount of inclusions is less, size is below 10 microns, and smooth spherical of surface presentation, significantly improve the mechanical property of steel.This result indicates the feasibility utilizing silicon to carry out sublimate smelting.By carrying out to sample the Elemental redistribution that element Surface scan analyzes Particulate Inclusion, result as shown in Figure 4.Can find out, Particulate Inclusion composition is mainly the mixture of Si-Al-O, conforms to analysis before.
Working process of the present invention and result:
The present invention adopts in iron powder, adds silicon (containing alloy), Al and Al
2o
3deng the method for additive by the melting of magnetic levitation stove, the quantity of aluminate in steel is obviously reduced, make residual oxygen aluminum inclusion obtain nodularization simultaneously, spherical alumina aluminum inclusion can be urged to improve steel performance, provides a kind of feasible technique for utilizing the modified oxidized aluminum inclusion of silicon process.
Claims (10)
1. utilize magnetic levitation to assist silica flour (pure silica flour or silicon-containing alloy powder) aluminate in steel to be carried out to a method for modification, it is characterized in that, it comprises the following steps:
1) in quantitative iron powder, add Si powder (pure silica flour or silicon-containing alloy powder) and other auxiliary, such as Al
2o
3powder and Al powder etc., the weight of each component, adds in proportion;
2) silica flour added, auxiliary and iron powder are fully mixed, and extrusion forming is block steel sample;
3) block steel sample is placed in magnetic levitation stove and carries out melting, is controlled the mechanical property of the shape of inclusion, size and steel by the output rating and protective atmosphere regulating stove;
4), after melting terminates, molten steel cools or cools in atmosphere under protective atmosphere, and obtains the finished product.
2. utilize alumina inclusion method of modifying in the steel of silicon process according to according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described Si powder refers to pure silicon powder or silicon-containing alloy powder.
3. utilize alumina inclusion method of modifying in the steel of silicon process according to according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described for avoiding molten steel to absorb oxygen in air and nitrogen, form more nonmetal inclusion, fusion process carries out under inert gas atmosphere protection.
4. utilize alumina inclusion method of modifying in the steel of silicon process according to according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the object that described fusion process fully stirs by regulating induced current size to reach molten steel and is beneficial to more than 10 microns inclusion removals; The size of its induction average current density, controls at 0.01 Amperes per square centimeter interval to 1000 Amperes per square centimeter.
5. utilize alumina inclusion method of modifying in the steel of silicon process according to according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, during described melting, control output rating, refer to and keep induced current concussion change, cause molten steel fully to stir, and molten steel continue melting time more than 1 minute after boiling.
6. utilize alumina inclusion method of modifying in the steel of silicon process according to according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described molten steel cools under being placed in argon gas atmosphere, after referring to heating of stopping power supply, continues to lead to argon shield to working chamber, until room temperature.
7. utilize alumina inclusion method of modifying in the steel of silicon process according to according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, describedly in steel, add silica flour melting in magnetic levitation stove, the shape of control oxide, refers to and makes aspherical Al
2o
3or the aluminum oxide just generated in molten steel is adjusted to spherical, mainly through the silicate liquefaction that surface is formed, and realize in the regulation and control of fusion process.
8. utilize alumina inclusion method of modifying in the steel of silicon process according to according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the add-on of described silica flour and the add-on of auxiliary should control R (R=Si:Al) mol ratio between 0.01-100.
9. utilize alumina inclusion method of modifying in the steel of silicon process according to according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the density of described block steel sample, is as the criterion can obtain comparatively maelstrom electric current, and pressure during general extrusion forming is interval in 0.1 Mpa-10 Gpa magnitude.
10. utilize alumina inclusion method of modifying in the steel of silicon process according to according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described smelting time, fully to remove for the purpose of micron order inclusion, general control is more than 30 seconds.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114107704A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-03-01 | 宁波江丰电子材料股份有限公司 | Method for purifying manganese metal |
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| CN114107704A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-03-01 | 宁波江丰电子材料股份有限公司 | Method for purifying manganese metal |
| CN114107704B (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2024-04-12 | 宁波江丰电子材料股份有限公司 | Method for purifying manganese metal |
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