CN104479761A - Washing tower and coal gas purification and dust removal system with washing tower - Google Patents
Washing tower and coal gas purification and dust removal system with washing tower Download PDFInfo
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- CN104479761A CN104479761A CN201410705680.7A CN201410705680A CN104479761A CN 104479761 A CN104479761 A CN 104479761A CN 201410705680 A CN201410705680 A CN 201410705680A CN 104479761 A CN104479761 A CN 104479761A
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- washing tower
- retaining device
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/08—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors
- C10K1/10—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors with aqueous liquids
- C10K1/101—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors with aqueous liquids with water only
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/002—Removal of contaminants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/002—Removal of contaminants
- C10K1/003—Removal of contaminants of acid contaminants, e.g. acid gas removal
- C10K1/004—Sulfur containing contaminants, e.g. hydrogen sulfide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/02—Dust removal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/02—Dust removal
- C10K1/022—Dust removal by baffle plates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/04—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by cooling to condense non-gaseous materials
- C10K1/046—Reducing the tar content
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Industrial Gases (AREA)
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a washing tower and a coal gas purification and dust removal system with the washing tower, and belongs to the technical field of coal gasification. The washing tower is capable of effectively lowering the carbocoal entrainment quantity in the coal gas, further removing foreign gases such as ammonia and sulfide in the coal gas, and improving the quality of the finally collected coal gas. The washing tower comprises a main washing tower body, wherein a baffle plate device is arranged at the middle upper part of the main washing tower body, and is provided with a channel for exhausting the gas; a spray device is arranged below the baffle plate device; and a spray region of the spray device corresponds to the channel in the vertical direction. The washing tower can be used for subsequent purification and dust removal processes of coal gasification.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Coal Gasification Technology field, particularly relate to a kind of washing tower and there is the gas purification dust-removal system of this washing tower.
Background technology
China is the country of a rich coal resources, has bituminous coal and the brown coal of 80% nearly, realizes the efficient of these coal resources and full price develops just particularly important.Present stage, coal resource efficiency utilization is mainly realized by gasification or pyrolytic process.In gasification or pyrolytic process, feed coal reacts usually in High Temperature Furnaces Heating Apparatus, can containing a large amount of dust (such as semicoke), oil vapour and foreign gas as H in the raw gas of generation
2s and NH
3deng.In order to obtain clean gas and as much as possiblely obtain high yield, high-quality oil product, purifying treatment must be carried out to raw gas.
In existing gasification or pyrolytic process, be usually separated dust such as the semicokes in raw gas with porcelain filter by cyclonic separator, the coal gas after separation enters washing tower and washs, to remove the fine particle in coal gas further.Although this separation method has certain effect, but because the coal particle size of hydrogasification is meticulous, cyclonic separator effectively cannot be separated it, porcelain filter load is caused to increase, make to enter in the coal gas of washing tower and be still entrained with higher small particle size semicoke, and the washing tower in existing stage has only carried out simple impurity elimination process by water-bath to coal gas, effectively can not remove the small particle size semicoke carried secretly in coal gas, thus the entrainment still in the coal gas after washing tower purification with higher small particle size semicoke is made, and simple water washing process effectively can not be removed foreign gas in coal gas, have impact on the quality of coal gas.
Summary of the invention
Embodiments provide a kind of washing tower and there is the gas purification dust-removal system of this washing tower, effectively can reduce the semicoke entrainment in coal gas, the foreign gas such as ammonia, sulfide in coal gas can also be removed further, improve the quality of the coal gas finally collected.
For achieving the above object, embodiments of the invention adopt following technical scheme:
The invention provides a kind of washing tower, comprise washing tower main body, washing tower main body middle and upper part is provided with retaining device, and retaining device is provided with the passage of discharging for gas;
Be provided with spray equipment below retaining device, the spray region of spray equipment is corresponding in vertical direction with passage.
Preferably, the spray area of spray equipment and the floorage sum of described retaining device are more than or equal to 4/5 of the cross-sectional area of described washing tower main body.
In washing tower, retaining device comprises the ring baffle being provided with through hole; Or
Retaining device comprises the first baffle plate and second baffle, and the first baffle plate and second baffle staggered relative are arranged; Or
Retaining device comprises coil pipe.
Preferably, retaining device is provided with the cavity for holding heat-eliminating medium.
Wherein, the thickness of the cavity of retaining device is 1/30 ~ 1/10 of described washing tower body height.
Preferably, the spacing between spray equipment and retaining device is less than or equal to 1/10 of described washing tower body height.
Alternatively, the spray header of spray equipment is single spray header or multiple spray header.
Preferably, the bottom of the inlet pipe of washing tower main body is to being connected to shroud.
The present invention also provides a kind of gas purification dust-removal system, comprises washing tower of the present invention.
Particularly, gas purification dust-removal system specifically also comprises: the cyclonic separator be connected with coal gasification apparatus successively, High Temperature Ceramic Filter, interchanger, and wherein, the washing tower that interchanger also provides with above-mentioned arbitrary technical scheme is connected.
Preferably, the outer wall of cyclonic separator is provided with lagging material; And/or
Outer wall and/or the inwall of High Temperature Ceramic Filter are provided with lagging material.
Preferably, bottom cyclonic separator, be provided with high pressure whirlwind lock hopper, and the bottom of high pressure whirlwind lock hopper and High Temperature Ceramic Filter is provided with ash bucket lock hopper jointly.
Embodiments provide a kind of washing tower and there is the gas purification dust-removal system of this washing tower, after raw gas enters this washing tower, first the water-bath in washing tower is entered, the washing tower internal space that the water surface goes forward side by side above upstream face is risen in a water bath in the mode of bubble, continue in uphill process, spray equipment carries out spray to coal gas and again washs, thus the semicoke removed further in coal gas and the impurity such as ammonia, sulfide; Coal gas is continued rise and arrive retaining device by spray equipment both sides, the solid particulates such as the semicoke in coal gas and retaining device collide and are attached to retaining device lower surface or fall to being back to water-bath, thus remove the solid particulates such as the semicoke in coal gas further, purified gas is discharged by the passage of retaining device, like this, after repeatedly purifying, significantly reduce the semicoke entrainment in coal gas, and spray in process and also carried out washing removing to the foreign gas such as ammonia, sulfide further, thus have collected the coal gas with higher quality.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The structural representation of a kind of washing tower that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the sectional view of the retaining device after cutting open along A-A line in Fig. 1;
The structural representation of the another kind of washing tower that Fig. 3 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The structural representation of the another kind of retaining device of the washing tower that Fig. 4 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 provides a kind of structural representation with the gas purification dust-removal system of this washing tower for the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, be clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of washing tower, comprises washing tower main body 51, and washing tower main body 51 middle and upper part is provided with retaining device 53, and retaining device 53 is provided with the passage 531 of discharging for gas;
Be provided with spray equipment 52 below retaining device 53, the spray region of spray equipment 52 is corresponding in vertical direction with passage 531.
Embodiments provide a kind of washing tower, after raw gas enters this washing tower, first the water-bath in washing tower is entered, the washing tower internal space that the water surface goes forward side by side above upstream face is risen in a water bath in the mode of bubble, continue in uphill process, spray equipment 52 pairs of coal gas carry out spray and again wash, thus the semicoke removed further in coal gas and the impurity such as ammonia, sulfide, coal gas after spray is continued rise and arrive retaining device 53 by spray equipment 52 both sides, the solid particulates such as the semicoke in coal gas and retaining device 53 collide and are attached to retaining device 53 lower surface or fall to being back to water-bath, thus remove the solid particulates such as the semicoke in coal gas further, purified gas is discharged by the passage 531 of retaining device 53, like this, after repeatedly purifying, significantly reduce the semicoke entrainment in coal gas, and spray in process also further to ammonia, the foreign gases such as sulfide have carried out washing removing, thus have collected the coal gas with higher quality.
It should be noted that, in washing tower described in the embodiment of the present invention, retaining device 53 might not be proper " plate " shape structure, it can be anyly the solid particulate in coal gas can either be made to collide with it and the device being attached to retaining device 53 lower surface or droping to water-bath, gas also can be allowed to pass through simultaneously, that is, as long as this retaining device 53 can stop solid particulate and allow gas to pass through.
Particularly, as shown in Figure 1, retaining device 53 can for being provided with the ring baffle 53 of through hole 531, and the passage for allowing gas discharge that through hole 531 is that is described above, the baffle part of ring baffle 53 plays barrier effect to solid particulate.Wherein, the bore size of through hole 531 specifically can be determined according to practical situation such as coal gas treatment capacities, and the present invention is not described in detail this.
Retaining device 53 can be only one deck platy structure, preferably, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, retaining device 53 can also be provided with the cavity 532 for holding heat-eliminating medium, further, as shown in Figure 2, this retaining device 53 can also be provided with the import 533 entering cavity 532 for heat-eliminating medium and the outlet 534 of discharging for heat-eliminating medium.
Further, in order to the temperature making retaining device 53 can reach enough low, import 533, outlet 534 can also be connected with the storing unit (not shown) of heat-eliminating medium, to supply heat-eliminating medium or circulating cooling medium; Or be connected with temperature control unit, with the temperature of controlled cooling model medium, to provide the heat-eliminating medium of low temperature.
Particularly, heat-eliminating medium can be liquid or gas, such as, liquid can be water, salt solution, mixture of ice and water etc., gas can be carbonic acid gas, and that is, this heat-eliminating medium has very wide range of choice, the present invention is not construed as limiting this, as long as have the medium of certain specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity.
Like this, heat-eliminating medium can cycle through ring baffle 53, when arriving at ring baffle 53 lower surface when moving upward through the coal gas of spray equipment 52, because the oil vapour boiling point in coal gas is lower, it is by ring baffle 53 condensation of low temperature, form drop and drop in water-bath, being conducive to the yield improving oil product.
Be understandable that, above-mentioned retaining device 53 also can be other shapes, is such as provided with the baffle plate of square through hole, and the through hole on baffle plate is also not limited to one, and can also be such as two or three, the present invention be not construed as limiting this.
As shown in Figure 3, retaining device 53 can also comprise the first baffle plate 538 and second baffle 539, first baffle plate 538 is arranged with second baffle 539 staggered relative.Wherein, when the first baffle plate 538 and second baffle 539 are crisscross arranged, gap 531 is therebetween the passage 531 of discharging for gas.Like this, after coal gas after spray rises to retaining device 53 by spray equipment 52 both sides, solid particulate wherein and the first plate washer 538 and second baffle 539 collide and drop in water-bath, and gas then changes direction and discharged by the gap 531 that the first baffle plate 538 is staggered with second baffle 539.
In order to the effect making retaining device 53 can either play stop to solid particulate, can also guarantee to allow gas pass through, first baffle plate 538 and second baffle 539 can be two respective independently baffle plates, the two projection in vertical direction can be just equal with the cross section of washing tower main body 51 as shown in Figure 3, namely the two projection in vertical direction neither overlap also do not leave gap; Or, first baffle plate and second baffle also can have certain overlapping in vertical direction, so, when first baffle plate 538 and second baffle 539 are crisscross arranged, lap is in vertical direction relatively little, like this, can not drop to after being conducive to that the first plate washer 538 of solid particulate and top is collided on the second baffle 539 of below, solid particulate can not be caused to pile up on the second plate washer 539 of below.Alternatively, the first baffle plate 538 and second baffle 539 also projection in vertical direction can have certain gap, that is, the two shadow area in vertical direction can be less than the cross section of washing tower main body 51, and the present invention is not described in detail this.
In addition, first baffle plate 538 and second baffle 539 also can be respectively equipped with the cavity for holding heat-eliminating medium, further, first baffle plate 538 and second baffle 539 also can also be respectively equipped with the import entering cavity for heat-eliminating medium and the outlet of discharging for heat-eliminating medium, and the present invention is not described in detail this.Like this, heat-eliminating medium can cycle through retaining device 53 arrives at retaining device 53 lower surface coal gas with cooling, makes the oil vapour condensation wherein contained, thus falls in water-bath.
Or as shown in Figure 4, retaining device 53 can also comprise coil pipe.Coil pipe is continuous compact winding in same level, and leaves the passage 531 of discharging for gas in center, and particularly, this retaining device 53 can be regarded as by coil pipe one ring around the annular plate formed.Certainly, retaining device 53 can as shown in Figure 4 by a coil pipe around being formed, also can by two or three coil pipes around being formed, the present invention is not construed as limiting this.
In addition, retaining device 53 can as shown in Figure 4 in same level continuous compact winding formed, can also be formed by continuous compact winding in vertical direction, namely it can be helical coiled tube, and, this helical coiled tube can be preferably also duplex coil pipe, such as first can be spiraled the duplex coil pipe upwards then spiraling and formed downwards by one or two coil pipes.
In addition, in the tube chamber 532 of coil pipe, heat-eliminating medium can be held, to make heat-eliminating medium unrestricted flow in tube chamber 532.
Preferably, retaining device can be duplex coil pipe, and heat-eliminating medium first spirals downward unrestricted flow of upwards then spiraling in tube chamber, thus extends the cooling time to the oil vapour arriving at retaining device, promotes this oil vapour condensation effect.
Correspondingly, as shown in Figure 4, one end of coil pipe is import 533, to make heat-eliminating medium enter tube chamber 532, the other end is outlet 534, to discharge heat-eliminating medium, import 533 equally also can be connected with the storing unit of heat-eliminating medium or temperature control unit with outlet 534, and the present invention is not further qualified this.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the cavity of retaining device has certain thickness, such as, as shown in Figure 1, the thickness L of the cavity 532 of retaining device 53 can be preferably 1/30 ~ 1/10 of washing tower main body 51 height, such as, can be 1/30,1/25,1/20,1/18,1/15,1/13,1/10.Thickness is thicker, is conducive to making cavity 532 can hold relatively large heat-eliminating medium, with the temperature making retaining device 53 can reach enough low, more oil vapour generation condensation can be made to form drop and drop to water-bath; But thickness is excessive, the weight of retaining device can be made to increase, washing tower main body 51 pairs of retaining devices 53 are needed to have higher weight capacity, the thickness L of cavity disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention can either ensure that retaining device 53 has stronger condensation, can also ensure that the weight of retaining device 53 is within the scope of the load-bearing of washing tower main body 51.
In order to ensure the synergy of spray equipment 52 with retaining device 53, improve gas purification effect, the floorage sum of the spray area and retaining device 53 that can arrange spray equipment 52 is more than or equal to 4/5 of the cross-sectional area of washing tower main body, such as, can be 4/5,5/6,6/7,7/8 of the cross-sectional area of washing tower main body 51.Particularly, the floorage of retaining device 53 refers to retaining device shadow area in vertical direction.
Like this, coal gas is after the spray effect of spray equipment 52, moved upward by the both sides of spray equipment 52, until arrive at retaining device 53, thus when making coal gas arrive the bottom surface of retaining device 53, solid particulate wherein effectively can collide with retaining device 53 after the oil vapour then drop in water-bath, is wherein condensed into drop and drop in water-bath.
As shown in Figure 1, spray equipment 52 and retaining device 53 are separated by, and to be located at washing tower main body 51 inner for certain spacing H.This spacing H can be less than or equal to 1/10, such as 1/11,1/12,1/13,1/14,1/15 of washing tower main body 51 height.
Like this, spacing H between spray equipment 52 and retaining device 53 will cause the coal gas after spraying to be moved upward by the both sides of spray equipment 52 during because of excessive, also do not rise to the space that retaining device 53 is scattered between spray equipment 52 and retaining device 53 once again with regard to there is diffusion, coal gas is directly discharged by the passage 531 of retaining device 53, and can not collide with the bottom surface of retaining device 53.
In washing tower in the embodiment of the present invention, the spray header of spray equipment 52 can drench head for single spraying, as shown in Figure 1; Also can be multiple spray header, no matter but be single spray header or multiple spray header, preferably make the spray header of spray equipment 52 corresponding with the passage 531 of retaining device 53, and preferably make it spray region to spray downwards centered by the vertical center line of washing tower 50, be conducive to so evenly spraying the coal gas moved upward, the coal gas after spray is made to be continued to move upward by the both sides of spray equipment 52 symmetrically, guarantee the direction that coal gas moves upward, be conducive to the solid particulate in coal gas is collided with retaining device 53 effectively.
Particularly, if the spray header of spray equipment 52 is multiple spray headers, these multiple spray headers are preferably disposed in same level.If multiple spray header is crisscross arranged on different level, such as multiple spray header is crisscross arranged in vertical direction successively, coal gas may be made in spray process to cross multiple spray header successively, direction of motion after its final spray may change, cause coal gas directly to be discharged by the passage 531 of retaining device 53, and do not collide with retaining device 53.
Further, when spray equipment 52 sprays, lower temperature can be had with water, like this, in spray process, a part of oil vapour in coal gas also can be made to cool, be condensed into drop and fall backwater bath, further increase the yield of oil product.
As shown in figures 1 and 3, the inlet pipe 54 of washing tower is located at the below of spray equipment 52, and the bottom of inlet pipe 54 can also to being connected to shroud 55.The shape of shroud 55 can be truncated cone-shaped, to extend the duration of contact of water-bath in coal gas and washing tower, and increases the contact area between coal gas and water-bath, makes more impurity be dissolved in water-bath fully, and then improves washing effect.
Be understandable that, in the middle part of washing tower, liquid level place can also be provided with comb (not shown), can by after being separated, the oil product that floats over water-bath surface discharged by this comb, enter next step oily water separation and collect oil product.
In the preferred washing tower that the embodiment of the present invention provides, washing tower main body comprises from bottom to up successively: be docked at the truncated cone-shaped shroud of the bottom of inlet pipe, spray equipment, can lead to the ring baffle of heat-eliminating medium, thus the coal gas making to enter washing tower inside is successively through the removal process of the solid particulates such as repeatedly semicoke and the foreign gas such as ammonia, sulfide, oil vapour can also be made to obtain condensation, thus not only greatly reduce quality and yield that raw gas semicoke entrainment also improves rear system oil product.
Correspondingly, as shown in Figure 5, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of gas purification dust-removal system, comprises any one washing tower 50 described in the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiments provide a kind of washing tower 50, after raw gas enters this washing tower 50, first the water-bath in washing tower is entered, washing tower 50 internal space that the water surface goes forward side by side above upstream face is risen in a water bath in the mode of bubble, continue in uphill process, spray equipment 52 pairs of coal gas carry out spray and again wash, thus the semicoke removed further in coal gas and the impurity such as ammonia, sulfide, coal gas after spray is continued rise and arrive retaining device 53 by spray equipment 52 both sides, the solid particulates such as the semicoke in coal gas and retaining device 53 collide and are attached to retaining device 53 lower surface or the backwater that falls is bathed, thus remove the solid particulates such as the semicoke in coal gas further, coal gas after purification is discharged by the passage 531 of retaining device 53, like this, after repeatedly purifying, significantly reduce the semicoke entrainment in coal gas, and spray in process also further to ammonia, the foreign gases such as sulfide have carried out washing removing, thus have collected the coal gas with higher quality.
Further, as shown in Figure 5, gas purification dust-removal system can also comprise the cyclonic separator 20, High Temperature Ceramic Filter 30, the interchanger 40 that are connected with coal gasification apparatus 10 successively, and wherein, any one washing tower 50 that interchanger 40 also provides with the embodiment of the present invention is connected.
Coal dust carries out gasification reaction in coal gasification apparatus 10, carries a large amount of semicokes in the raw gas of generation; After this raw gas is discharged from coal gasification apparatus 10, first through cyclonic separator 20, to remove the semicoke of Large stone; Then High Temperature Ceramic Filter 30 is entered, with the semicoke of the Large stone of the semicoke and remainder that remove most small particle size; The coal gas of discharging from High Temperature Ceramic Filter 30 is lowered the temperature by interchanger 40 pairs of coal gas; Coal gas after cooling enters washing tower 50, successively through the effect of water-bath, spray equipment 52, retaining device 53 in washing tower 50, the semicoke carried secretly in further removal coal gas, oil product, foreign gas (as ammonia, sulfide) etc., finally obtain that the foreign gas content such as semicoke entrainment is less, ammonia, sulfide are less, the purification raw gas of higher quality.
In the gasification of prior art or pyrolytic process, usually first make raw gas lower the temperature through interchanger, then with porcelain filter, the solid particulates such as the semicoke in raw gas are separated by cyclonic separator.But, the solid particulates such as semicoke easily cohere at a lower temperature, the rear system of gas solid separation such as cyclonic separator and porcelain filter is caused to block, and semicoke generally all has vesicular structure, lipophilicity is very strong, be easy to when lesser temps adsorb the oil product in raw gas, thus reduce the rate of recovery of oil product.
And in the purification dust removal system provided in the embodiment of the present invention, make raw gas successively through cyclonic separator 20 and High Temperature Ceramic Filter 30, to remove Large stone semicoke and small particle size semicoke in raw gas successively, then just through interchanger 40, raw gas is lowered the temperature, thus efficiently avoid the problems such as the rear system congestion caused because semicoke coheres at low temperatures, guarantee the stability of the rear system cloud gray model of gas solid separation, simultaneously, successively remove respectively through cyclonic separator 20 and the semicoke of High Temperature Ceramic Filter 30 to difference large small particle size, reduce the load of High Temperature Ceramic Filter 30, improve working efficiency, the removal effect to semicoke can be strengthened further.
That is, the gas purification dust-removal system that the embodiment of the present invention provides is connected by the order of typical dust removal installation according to cyclonic separator, High Temperature Ceramic Filter, interchanger and washing tower.By the connection of this order, significantly reduce semicoke entrainment, be conducive to improving rear system oil product yield.In addition, before raw gas cooling, carry out the dust removal processes such as semicoke removal, effectively overcome because the pipe blocking problem caused is cohered in semicoke cooling.
And, remove semicoke and coal gas after cooling enters in any one washing tower 50 that the embodiment of the present invention provides, in this washing tower 50, first raw gas enters the water-bath in washing tower 50 by inlet pipe 54, the duration of contact of coal gas and water-bath can be extended under the effect of truncated cone-shaped shroud 55, more impurity is made to be dissolved in water-bath, coal gas rises in the mode of bubble washing tower 50 internal space that the water surface goes forward side by side above upstream face subsequently, continue in uphill process, spray equipment 52 pairs of coal gas carry out spray and again wash, thus the semicoke removed further in coal gas and ammonia, the impurity such as sulfide, coal gas is continued rise and arrive retaining device 53 by spray equipment 52 both sides, the solid particulates such as the semicoke in coal gas and retaining device 53 collide and are attached to retaining device 53 lower surface or fall to being back to water-bath, thus remove the solid particulates such as the semicoke in coal gas further, purified gas is discharged by the passage 531 of retaining device 53, like this, after repeatedly purifying, significantly reduce the semicoke entrainment in coal gas, and spray in process and also carried out washing removing to the foreign gas such as ammonia, sulfide further, thus have collected the coal gas with higher quality.
Further, in the gas purification dust-removal system that the embodiment of the present invention provides, the outer wall of cyclonic separator can also be provided with lagging material; And/or the outer wall of High Temperature Ceramic Filter and/or inwall also can be provided with lagging material.Lagging material is conducive to making cyclonic separator and High Temperature Ceramic Filter remain on certain high temperature, prevents from cohering due to semicoke cooling and causing these two equipment efficiency of dust collections to reduce.
Particularly, lagging material can be any material being applicable to cyclonic separator and High Temperature Ceramic Filter, having high heat storage performance, and the present invention is not construed as limiting this, and those skilled in the art can select according to practical situation.
In addition, High Temperature Ceramic Filter can also realize the blowback of high pressure batch nitrogen, accumulates block pipeline to prevent semicoke further.
As shown in Figure 5, high pressure whirlwind lock hopper 70 bottom cyclonic separator 20, can also be provided with, and the bottom of high pressure whirlwind lock hopper 70 and High Temperature Ceramic Filter 30 can also be provided with ash bucket lock hopper 80 jointly.High pressure whirlwind lock hopper 70 and ash bucket lock hopper 80 can play the effect of decrease temperature and pressure, to make the lime-ash cooling entering the two.In embodiments of the present invention, do not do concrete restriction to the specification, material, model etc. of ash bucket lock hopper, those skilled in the art can select according to practical situation.
Be understandable that, the bottom of coal gasification apparatus 10 can be connected with coke discharging lock hopper 60, and coke discharging lock hopper 60 is identical with the effect of ash bucket lock hopper, and therefore, specification, material, model etc. for coke discharging lock hopper 60 do not do concrete restriction.
Meanwhile, as shown in Figure 5, coke discharging lock hopper 60 can be connected with ash silo 90 with the bottom of ash bucket lock hopper 80, to collect most product semicoke.
In order to better illustrate that the gas purification dust-removal system that the embodiment of the present invention provides can purify raw gas effectively, reducing semicoke entrainment in coal gas, being described in detail for coal hydrogenation gasification below.
Dust due to coal hydrogenation gasification reaction generation is comparatively thin and entrainment is comparatively large, is separated the raw gas that this reaction produces, and the ability of the gas purification dust-removal system purification raw gas that the embodiment of the present invention provides can be advantageously described.
Coal hydrogenation gasification carries out under higher pressure (5 ~ 10MPa), comparatively high temps (700 ~ 1000 DEG C), coal dust and H
2react in hydrogasification device and produce a large amount of raw gas, semicoke and light-end products; Raw gas is based on methane, and light-end products are based on benzene, naphthalene.Because semicoke density is less, particle diameter is little, and oil product boiling point is low, can carry a large amount of semicokes and product vapour in high temperature rough gas.In order to the raw gas after being purified and the oil product collecting semicoke and high added value, make full use of the heat produced in process simultaneously, realize mainly through following flow process:
1), after coal dust carries out coal hydrogenation gasification reaction in coal gasification apparatus 10, water or hydrogen Quench can be passed through, and the spiral coil cooling tube by being connected with water bottom coal gasification apparatus 10 cools further.This process not only can make semicoke lower the temperature moisteningly to be deposited in bottom coal gasification apparatus 10, can also to suppress the oil product high temperature hydrogenation cracking generated, thus ensures to also reduce semicoke entrainment in raw gas while oil product amount in raw gas.
In order to prevent semicoke in coal gasification apparatus 10 from entering gas phase because piling up too high again being blown afloat, also want regularly to coke discharging lock hopper 60 coke discharging bottom coal gasification apparatus 10.The semicoke obtained in last ash silo 90 can by process for making hydrogen for hydrogasification provides reaction H
2.
2) carry a large amount of semicokes when raw gas goes out coal gasification apparatus 10, semicoke easily coheres at a lower temperature, and then causes rear system jams.In addition the semicoke of porous has very strong lipophilicity, and during lesser temps, semicoke can adsorb oil product, reduces the yield of oil product, increases the cost reclaiming oil product.Therefore the semicoke carried in raw gas must remove.In the embodiment of the present invention, go out the raw gas of coal gasification apparatus 10 first through cyclonic separator 20, particle diameter can be greater than the semicoke removing of 10 μm by cyclonic separator 20.In this process, can multi-cyclone be adopted, to adapt to different coal powder sizes and feed throughput, alleviate the load of dust remove of follow-up porcelain filter 30, and then reach good dust removing effects.
The high pressure whirlwind lock hopper 70 of cyclonic separator 20 bottom also wants timely coke discharging, to prevent semicoke, cooling occurs in cyclonic separator bottom and coheres and cause cyclonic separator efficiency of dust collection step-down.
3) go out in the raw gas of cyclonic separator 20 to remain the Large stone semicoke of most small particle size semicoke and few part, can be removed by High Temperature Ceramic Filter 30.Like this, after the purification of cyclonic separator 20 and these two equipment of High Temperature Ceramic Filter 30, in the raw gas finally obtained, semicoke content is few, approximately≤20mg/Nm
3.
The outer wall of High Temperature Ceramic Filter 30 or inwall can be provided with lagging material, in High Temperature Ceramic Filter 30 bottom, cooling occurs cohere to prevent semicoke.
4) by still there is comparatively high temps except half defocused raw gas, heat recuperation can be carried out by interchanger 40.The heat of raw gas cooling release can be used for pre-thermal response H
2.
5) in the raw gas of lowered temperature reclamation heat, contain a small amount of semicoke, oil product, foreign gas (as ammonia and sulfide), finally pass into washing tower 50 and wash, wherein, washing liq is water.Keep certain liquid level in washing tower 50, raw gas enters water-bath from the inlet pipe 54 of washing tower 50 through shroud 55.After fully contacting with water, the foreign gases such as the ammonia in raw gas, sulfide are dissolved in water, and part semicoke and oil product are deposited to bottom respectively and swim on liquid level after washing, and the raw gas after purification enters gas phase with the form of bubble.
Semicoke and the oil product of raw gas further except deentrainment under the spray effect of middle part spray equipment 52 in gas phase.Raw gas, again by the effect of the ring baffle 53 with low temperature, makes oil vapour in raw gas occur in cooling landing backwater, and small-particle semicoke and baffle plate is collided also land in backwater, finally obtain the thorough raw gas purified.
Raw gas after purification can be stored to gas holder, also can enter next process and react.In addition, in the aqueous phase bottom washing tower 50, being dissolved in the impurity generation neutralization reaction in water, purifying by entering slag water treatment system bottom washing tower 50 together with minute quantity semicoke.This part oil product can be drawn by arranging arm by the profit layering that liquid level place, middle part occurs, carries out subsequent processing oily water separation, thus collects oil product.
At present, in the coal gas collected after the process of existing gas purification dust-removal system, semicoke entrainment is 10mg/Nm
3above, in the coal gas that the gas purification dust-removal system utilizing the embodiment of the present invention to provide finally is collected, semicoke entrainment is 8mg/Nm
3below, semicoke entrainment reduces more than 20%; And the gas purification dust-removal system utilizing the embodiment of the present invention to provide, the oil product yield finally collected is more than 90%, if and if expect the oil product of high quality height yield in the prior art or expect and embodiment of the present invention quality, oil product that yield is suitable, then need complicated loaded down with trivial details subsequent treatment process, considerably increase project investment cost.As can be seen here, the gas purification dust-removal system that the embodiment of the present invention provides both had reduced the semicoke entrainment of coal gas, obtained the coal gas of thoroughly purification, turn improved oil quality and oil product yield.
Obviously, above-described embodiment is only for clearly example being described, and the restriction not to embodiment.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description.Here exhaustive without the need to also giving all embodiments.And thus the apparent change of extending out or variation be still in the protection domain of the invention.
Claims (12)
1. a washing tower, comprises washing tower main body, it is characterized in that, described washing tower main body middle and upper part is provided with retaining device, and described retaining device is provided with the passage of discharging for gas;
Be provided with spray equipment below described retaining device, the spray region of described spray equipment is corresponding in vertical direction with described passage.
2. washing tower according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the spray area of described spray equipment and the floorage sum of described retaining device are more than or equal to 4/5 of the cross-sectional area of described washing tower main body.
3. washing tower according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described retaining device comprises the ring baffle being provided with through hole; Or
Described retaining device comprises the first baffle plate and second baffle, and described first baffle plate and described second baffle staggered relative are arranged; Or
Described retaining device comprises coil pipe.
4. washing tower according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described retaining device is provided with the cavity for holding heat-eliminating medium.
5. washing tower according to claim 4, is characterized in that, the thickness of the cavity of described retaining device is 1/30 ~ 1/10 of described washing tower body height.
6. washing tower according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the spacing between described spray equipment and described retaining device is less than or equal to 1/10 of described washing tower body height.
7. washing tower according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the spray header of described spray equipment is single spray header or multiple spray header.
8. washing tower according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the bottom of the inlet pipe of described washing tower main body is to being connected to shroud.
9. a gas purification dust-removal system, is characterized in that, comprises the washing tower as described in any one of claim 1-8.
10. gas purification dust-removal system according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, described gas purification dust-removal system also comprises the cyclonic separator, High Temperature Ceramic Filter, the interchanger that are connected with coal gasification apparatus successively, wherein, described interchanger is connected with the washing tower as described in any one of claim 1-8.
11. gas purification dust-removal systems according to claim 10, it is characterized in that, the outer wall of described cyclonic separator is provided with lagging material; And/or
Outer wall and/or the inwall of described High Temperature Ceramic Filter are provided with lagging material.
12. gas purification dust-removal systems according to claim 10 or 11, it is characterized in that, be provided with high pressure whirlwind lock hopper bottom described cyclonic separator, and the bottom of described high pressure whirlwind lock hopper and described High Temperature Ceramic Filter are provided with ash bucket lock hopper jointly.
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| CN109628160A (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2019-04-16 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | A kind of high humidity biomass gasification method and system |
| CN110894429A (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2020-03-20 | 武汉天颖环境工程股份有限公司 | Biomass pyrolysis gas purification device |
| CN111518592A (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2020-08-11 | 宋青 | Coke oven gas desulfurizing tower |
| CN115161706A (en) * | 2022-06-02 | 2022-10-11 | 无锡隆基氢能科技有限公司 | Washing and separating device for hydrogen production system and hydrogen production system |
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| CN115161706A (en) * | 2022-06-02 | 2022-10-11 | 无锡隆基氢能科技有限公司 | Washing and separating device for hydrogen production system and hydrogen production system |
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