CN104479728B - Prevent the method for ordinary decompression column rectifying section and appurtenances salt crust thereof - Google Patents

Prevent the method for ordinary decompression column rectifying section and appurtenances salt crust thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104479728B
CN104479728B CN201410672377.1A CN201410672377A CN104479728B CN 104479728 B CN104479728 B CN 104479728B CN 201410672377 A CN201410672377 A CN 201410672377A CN 104479728 B CN104479728 B CN 104479728B
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magnetic
rectifying section
decompression column
appurtenances
ordinary decompression
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CN104479728A (en
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张良均
肖翔
彭晨
戴国元
汪红新
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HUBEI SENZHINENG ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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HUBEI SENZHINENG ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G7/00—Distillation of hydrocarbon oils
    • C10G7/10—Inhibiting corrosion during distillation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G7/00—Distillation of hydrocarbon oils
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G7/00—Distillation of hydrocarbon oils
    • C10G7/06—Vacuum distillation

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of method preventing ordinary decompression column rectifying section and appurtenances salt crust thereof, it solve prior art and there is ordinary decompression column rectifying section and the easy salt crust of appurtenances thereof, and desalination both time-consuming, cost is high, sometimes shut-down is also needed to cause the problems such as the amount of falling, it is characterized in that: be provided with at the rectifying section of ordinary decompression column (1) and intersect equidistant connection magnetic assembly one (2) and join magnetic assembly two (3), to form multiloop magnetic field; The pipeline of auxiliary facility is set up the device for magnetic treatment (10) of high-gradient distribution, has formed high-strength two-dimensional magnetic field.By connection magnetic assembly and device for magnetic treatment in the effect of different sites, change generating rate and the kinestate of NH4Cl molecule, make device not easily produce NH4Cl crystallization, thus solve the problem of ordinary decompression column rectifying section and appurtenances salt crust thereof.There is the advantages such as structure is simple, easy for installation, with low cost, highly effective and safe, there is application value widely.

Description

Prevent the method for ordinary decompression column rectifying section and appurtenances salt crust thereof
One, technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of petrochemical industry, is a kind of method preventing oil refining apparatus salt crust in particular, is specially adapted to the problem preventing ordinary decompression column rectifying section and appurtenances salt crust thereof.
Two, background technology
Crude oil ordinary decompression column is whole oil-refining chemical " faucet device ", and bearing is that follow-up secondary processing device is supplied raw materials and the important task of product, is extremely important indispensable process procedure again.Crude quality in the past due to processing is better, and tower tray salt crust seldom appears in ordinary decompression column 1, and along with the trend of crude oil heaviness, in poor quality is day by day obvious, part salt content in crud oil, emulsification dosage increase, and are difficult to deviate from conventional electric desalting.After salt and emulsifying agent enter ordinary decompression column, accumulate over a long period position salt crusts such as can causing Atmospheric vacuum column plate 3.
Containing the higher assorted element such as N, S, O, Cl in ordinary decompression column raw material, at high temperature reaction is easy to generate the products such as NH3, H2S, and heat absorption hydrolysis reaction occurs for butter and organic chloride, decomposes and produces HCl.Along with the rising of oil gas in separation column, in tower, temperature is also reduced by height, and when temperature is down to 337.8 DEG C, NH3 and HCl combines generation NH4Cl, NH4Cl and be carried to upper strata column plate with superfine little particle by oil gas.Along with the increase of NH4Cl concentration in oil gas, the reduction of temperature, NH4Cl particle forms crystallization and is deposited on the parts such as column plate, downtake and separation column accessory structure and forms salt crust.The flowing of oil gas can be hindered when salt crust is lighter, destroy the normal running of separation column; Even occluding device and pipeline time serious, make production normally run.
For the salt crust of ordinary decompression column rectifying section and appurtenances thereof, domestic is substantially all the method adopting washing process, the principle of washing is exactly dissolved by solid ammonium salt with water, ammonium salt is taken out of separation column by water lotion, although the details of washing is slightly not identical, such as some uses deaerated water, and some uses fresh water, but washing principle is roughly the same with flow process.The washing process of process salt coagulation of fractionating tower is mainly stop work washing and online washing.Shut-down washing need cut off charging, in the cold entrance water filling of separation column head space, NH4CI is dissolved in water, enters tower top and divides flow container, by pumping out device, this method not only time-consuming and also loss larger.During online washing, reduce Raw material processing amount, control suitable tower temperature (being generally no more than 95 DEG C), fresh water returns tower line from top circulation or top recycle pump is beaten to tower top, and overhead vapours condenses into water and forms internal reflux with injection fresh water, flows from top to bottom along tower tray, and oil gas is noncondensing, still flow out from tower top, wash tower water in Doenward flow process, dissolve ammonium salt on tower tray, finally discharge from the suitable position of tower.Online washing is cured the symptoms, not the disease, and when the NH4CI of dissolving refluxes downwards with liquid phase, temperature raises gradually, easily causes salt crust position move down and can not eliminate salt crust completely.In addition along with the trend of crude oil heaviness, in poor quality, the frequency of online washing process salt coagulation of fractionating tower is more and more higher, and the cycle is also shorter, is unfavorable for raising the efficiency, and also has impact to the security and stability of plant running.
Liu Mingxiao discloses a kind of method preventing salt crust of adding dechlorinating agent and organic amine neuutralizer in " the crude distillation ordinary decompression column salt crust origin cause of formation and reply technical study ".First further optimize existing atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit electric desalting equipment desalting efficiency, efficient chloride shift agent can be selected, the decreasing ratio of organochlorine in electric desalting process is increased substantially; Secondly organic amine is injected by tower top, play organic amine better in and the generation that suppresses corruption under the generation of NH4CI crystallization and low-temperature dew point corrosion and dirt to be lit up of the reaction mechanism of performance and highly basic and strong weak base salt, thus delay or avoid the generation of Atmospheric Tower salt crust.Organic villaumite boiling point that organic amine and chlorion are formed is lower, and can not produce crystallization under ordinary decompression column operational condition.The method cost of this interpolation auxiliary agent is higher, and has a negative impact to the quality of petroleum products.
Three, summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide that a kind of structure is simple, easy for installation, with low cost, highly effective and safe can prevent the ordinary decompression column rectifying section of crude distillation Atmospheric vacuum equipment and the method for appurtenances salt crust thereof.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: crude distillation Atmospheric vacuum equipment comprises ordinary decompression column, tower top filler plate and is made up of water knockout, oil pump is followed on top, interchanger, condenser are formed auxiliary facility etc., be provided with at the rectifying section of ordinary decompression column and intersect equidistant connection magnetic assembly one and join magnetic assembly two, the pipeline of auxiliary facility has been set up the device for magnetic treatment of high-gradient distribution.Described magnetic assembly is made up of the permanent magnet of opposed polarity, connection magnetic assembly one is the magnetic material being N pole by three pieces and above small end is fan-shaped closely connected, the magnetic material that connection magnetic assembly two is S pole by three pieces and above small end forms, the chord length of every block magnetic material small end is not less than 90mm, radial height is not less than 110mm, is arranged at temperature 337.8 DEG C ~ 347.8 DEG C places on ordinary decompression column rectifying section.The device for magnetic treatment of described high-gradient distribution is made up of pipeline, magnetic material and shell etc., magnetic material is circular, many groups are sleeved on pipeline, and be provided with tubular shell at magnetic material skin, the magnetic often organizing magnetic material be arranged on pipeline strengthens step by step, and spacing reduces step by step, forms the orthogonal and rotatingfield of two dimension superposition, distal center magneticstrength scope is: 1800Gs ~ 3000Gs, and the position be installed on the pipeline of auxiliary facility is not more than 10m place apart from condenser.Described magnetic material is SmCo body permanent magnet.
Action principle of the present invention is: according to electromagnetic theory, and HCl, NH3, NH4CI are the electric dipoles that positive and negative charge center does not overlap, also known as " magnetic pole ".On the one hand, HCl and NH3 doing molecular motion is successively subject to the impact of multiloop magnetic field and two-dimensional magnetic field, in the process that molecule rotates in magnetic field, deformation can be there is in Cloud Distribution along with the change in magnetic field, thus the effective collision of HCl and NH3 is reduced, namely active reduction, forms the Cloud Distribution of similar rare gas element.On the other hand, for the NH4CI molecule generated, generally along with the prolongation of time, these ammonium salt molecules can flock together in a large number, coalescent part can continue coalescently to become larger, and finally these particle clusters can become enough large and in tray surfaces enrichment deposition, form salt crust.But be arranged in the NH4CI molecule of high-intensity magnetic field, due to the effect of multiloop magnetic field and two-dimensional magnetic field, exacerbate molecular motion, make NH4CI molecule be not easy to form stable lattice, thus salt crust not easily occurs, be enough to ensure that ordinary decompression column rectifying section and appurtenances thereof run well.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the formation being suppressed NH4CI molecule by multiloop magnetic field and two-dimentional high-intensity magnetic field, suppress the crystallization salt crust of NH4CI molecule, to ensure that ordinary decompression column rectifying section and appurtenances thereof run well.Process compared with salt coagulation of fractionating tower technology with wash at present, there is simple installation, save time and without the advantage of running cost, avoid water washing treatment method time-consuming, the shortcoming of the amount of falling or device shut-down safely.Compared with current injecting inhibitor process salt coagulation of fractionating tower technology, there is simple installation, safety saves time and without the advantage of running cost, avoid injecting inhibitor method cost high, reduce the shortcoming of petroleum products quality.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.
Four, accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is present invention process flowage structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is that the present invention joins magnetic assembly one structural representation;
Fig. 3 is that the present invention joins magnetic assembly two structural representation;
Fig. 4 is the device for magnetic treatment structural representation of high-gradient of the present invention distribution
In figure: 1 is ordinary decompression column, 2 for connection magnetic assembly one, 3 for connection magnetic group two, 4 is tower top filler plate, 5 is pipeline, 6 is water knockout, and 7 for following oil pump in top, and 8 is interchanger, 9 is condenser, 10 is the device for magnetic treatment that high-gradient distributes, and 11 is Oil/Gas Pipe, and 12,13,15 is magnetic material, 14 is pipeline, and 16 is shell.
Five, embodiment
Crude distillation Atmospheric vacuum equipment comprises ordinary decompression column 1, tower top filler plate 4 and by water knockout 6, oil pump 7 is followed on top, interchanger 8, the compositions such as the auxiliary facility that condenser 9 is formed, prevent the method for ordinary decompression column rectifying section and appurtenances salt crust thereof from being: to be provided with at the rectifying section of ordinary decompression column 1 and to intersect equidistant connection magnetic assembly 1 and connection magnetic assembly 23, described magnetic assembly is made up of the permanent magnet of opposed polarity, connection magnetic assembly 1 is that the magnetic material 12 being N pole by three pieces and above small end is closely connected in fan-shaped, the magnetic material 13 that connection magnetic assembly 23 is S pole by three pieces and above small end forms, the chord length of every block magnetic material small end is not less than 90mm, radial height is not less than 110mm, be arranged at temperature 337.8 DEG C ~ 347.8 DEG C places on ordinary decompression column rectifying section.The pipeline of auxiliary facility has been set up the device for magnetic treatment 10 of high-gradient distribution.This device for magnetic treatment is made up of pipeline 14, magnetic material 15 and shell 16, magnetic material 15 is in circular, many groups are sleeved on pipeline 14, and be provided with tubular shell 16 at magnetic material 15 skin, the magnetic often organizing magnetic material 15 be arranged on pipeline 14 strengthens step by step, and spacing reduces step by step, forms the orthogonal and rotatingfield of two dimension superposition, distal center magneticstrength scope is: 1800Gs ~ 3000Gs, and the position be installed on the pipeline of auxiliary facility is not more than 10m place apart from condenser.Described magnetic material 12,13,15 is SmCo body permanent magnet.
Example 1: be first closely connected with three blocks of magnetic materials 12 that a kind of polarity is identical and form connection magnetic assembly 1, then form connection magnetic assembly 23 with three blocks of magnetic materials 13 that another kind of polarity is identical tight being connected, the chord length of every block magnetic material small end is 90mm, and radial height is 110mm.Between connection magnetic assembly 1 with connection magnetic assembly 23,500mm distance in interval is intersected the uniform ordinary decompression column rectifying section tower body temperature 347.8 DEG C that is arranged on and is located surrounding.Be after the device for magnetic treatment of 1800Gs is transformed Atmospheric vacuum equipment by distal center magneticstrength, by washing in original 15 days once, steady running in 3 months is till now 200m by anti-salt crust distance effective behind magnetic field.
Example 2: be first closely connected with three blocks of magnetic materials 12 that a kind of polarity is identical and form connection magnetic assembly 1, then form connection magnetic assembly 23 with three blocks of magnetic materials 13 that another kind of polarity is identical tight being connected, the chord length of every block magnetic material small end is 100mm, and radial height is 120mm.Between connection magnetic assembly 1 with connection magnetic assembly 23,350mm distance in interval is intersected the uniform ordinary decompression column rectifying section tower body temperature 342.8 DEG C that is arranged on and is located surrounding.Be after the device for magnetic treatment of 2300Gs is transformed atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit by distal center magneticstrength, by washing in original 15 days once, steady running in 5 months is till now 300m by anti-salt crust distance effective behind magnetic field.
Example 3: be first closely connected with three blocks of magnetic materials 12 that a kind of polarity is identical and form connection magnetic assembly 1, then form connection magnetic assembly 23 with three blocks of magnetic materials 13 that another kind of polarity is identical tight being connected, the chord length of every block magnetic material small end is 120mm, and radial height is 150mm.Between connection magnetic assembly 1 with connection magnetic assembly 23,250mm distance in interval is intersected the uniform ordinary decompression column rectifying section tower body temperature 337.8 DEG C that is arranged on and is located surrounding.Be after the device for magnetic treatment of 3000Gs is transformed atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit by distal center magneticstrength, by washing in original 15 days once, steady running in 5 months is till now 500m by anti-salt crust distance effective behind magnetic field.
The present invention according to actual processing effect, can select outside ordinary decompression column rectifying section, install connection magnetic assembly additional, adds the device for magnetic treatment of the high-gradient distribution of varying strength before appurtenances are as the input terminus such as interchanger, condenser.

Claims (3)

1. one kind prevents the method for ordinary decompression column rectifying section and appurtenances salt crust thereof, it comprises ordinary decompression column (1), tower top filler plate (4) and is made up of water knockout (6), oil pump (7) is followed on top, interchanger (8), condenser (9) are formed auxiliary facility, it is characterized in that: be provided with at the rectifying section of ordinary decompression column (1) and intersect equidistant connection magnetic assembly one (2) and join magnetic assembly two (3), the pipeline of auxiliary facility has been set up the device for magnetic treatment (10) of high-gradient distribution; Described magnetic assembly is made up of the permanent magnet of opposed polarity, connection magnetic assembly one (2) is that the magnetic material (12) being N pole by three pieces and above small end is closely connected in fan-shaped, the magnetic material (13) that connection magnetic assembly two (3) is S pole by three pieces and above small end forms, the chord length of every block magnetic material small end is not less than 90mm, and radial height is not less than 110mm; The device for magnetic treatment (10) of described high-gradient distribution is made up of pipeline (14), magnetic material (15) and shell (16), magnetic material (15) is in circular, many groups are sleeved on pipeline (14), and be provided with tubular shell (16) at magnetic material (15) skin, the magnetic being arranged on often group magnetic material (15) on pipeline (14) strengthens step by step, spacing reduces step by step, and form the orthogonal and rotatingfield of two dimension superposition, distal center magneticstrength scope is: 1800Gs ~ 3000Gs.
2. the method preventing ordinary decompression column rectifying section and appurtenances salt crust thereof according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: connection magnetic assembly is arranged at temperature 337.8 DEG C ~ 347.8 DEG C places on ordinary decompression column rectifying section, the position that the device for magnetic treatment (10) of high-gradient distribution is installed on the pipeline of auxiliary facility is not more than 10m place apart from condenser.
3. the method preventing ordinary decompression column rectifying section and appurtenances salt crust thereof according to claim 1 and 2, described magnetic material (12,13,15) is SmCo body permanent magnet.
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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2003119473A (en) * 2001-10-09 2003-04-23 Mitsubishi Chemicals Corp Distillation method
CN203540096U (en) * 2013-10-22 2014-04-16 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Oil distilling apparatus

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2003119473A (en) * 2001-10-09 2003-04-23 Mitsubishi Chemicals Corp Distillation method
CN203540096U (en) * 2013-10-22 2014-04-16 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Oil distilling apparatus

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