CN104479644A - Graphene-type cooling medium as well as preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Graphene-type cooling medium as well as preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104479644A CN104479644A CN201410767958.3A CN201410767958A CN104479644A CN 104479644 A CN104479644 A CN 104479644A CN 201410767958 A CN201410767958 A CN 201410767958A CN 104479644 A CN104479644 A CN 104479644A
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- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/08—Materials not undergoing a change of physical state when used
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
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Abstract
The invention discloses a graphene-type cooling medium. The graphene-type cooling medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-10 parts of grapheme and 100000 parts of water or oil, wherein the particle size of grapheme is 0.01micron-1000microns. A preparation method of the graphene-type cooling medium comprises the following steps of firstly, processing grapheme into grapheme micropowder which has a required particle size; secondly, adding grapheme micropowder into water or oil according to the proportioning requirement; and finally, uniformly stirring a mixture of grapheme micropowder and water or oil by virtue of a stirrer. The cooling medium is applied in a heat exchanger. The thermal conductance of grapheme is more than 9260 times that of water and is 38,460 times that of oil. According to the cooling medium, by respectively adopting two characteristics that water has greater heat capacity and grapheme has a maximum thermal conductance, graphene is added into water or oil and uniformly distributed. During heat exchange, graphene microparticles evenly distributed in the water or oil can conduct the heat of a heat-exchanged substance to water at a maximum speed and thus the heat exchange efficiency is dramatically increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of graphite ene-type heat-eliminating medium and preparation method and application.
Background technology
Interchanger is the equipment partial heat of hot-fluid being passed to cold fluid, also known as heat exchanger.Interchanger is the general-purpose equipment of chemical industry, oil, power, food and other many industrial sector, occupies critical role aborning.In Chemical Manufacture, interchanger can be used as well heater, water cooler, condenser, vaporizer and reboiler etc., applies more extensive.
In interchanger, because water (or mineral oil, plant wet goods) wide material sources, easily obtain, the more important thing is that glassware for drinking water has and has larger specific heat capacity characteristic than other ordinary matters, therefore, generally adopt water as the medium of heat exchange.
As everyone knows, at occurring in nature, glassware for drinking water has larger specific heat capacity.From physics, this material of the large explanation of specific heat capacity of material can store more heat.But heat storage capacity is strong and to be not equal to the capacity of heat transmission strong.In industrial production and scientific research, people require that heat-eliminating medium should have maximum heat storage capacity, have the maximum capacity of heat transmission again, just can produce maximum heat exchanger effectiveness only so.And the raising of heat exchanger effectiveness can cause the significantly reduction significantly improving and discharge of numerous industrial production efficiency.
But although traditional heat exchange media liquid water used or oily substance have larger heat storage capacity, the capacity of heat transmission is very not enough, has thus had a strong impact on efficiency of heat exchanger for a long time, causes a large amount of invalid discharges and energy dissipation.
Chinese patent application CN 104059618A discloses a kind of engine graphene oxide water-free cooling and preparation method thereof, engine graphene oxide water-free cooling, the graphene oxide that the propylene glycol that the ethylene glycol, the weight percent that are 30 ~ 65% by weight percent are 30 ~ 65%, weight percent are 0.2 ~ 3%, weight percent be 0.2 ~ 2% silicone antifoam agent and weight percent be 0.7 ~ 8% composite corrosion inhibitor mix and stir to dissolving and obtaining water-free cooling.Not moisture in this cooling fluid, and have multiple components mixed configuration to form, cost is high, and stability is poor, and only can be applicable to engine, the scope of application is narrow.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for overcoming above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of graphite ene-type heat-eliminating medium and preparation method and application are provided, it adopts Graphene to add in water or oil as additive, thus substantially increase the capacity of heat transmission of tradition cooling medium with water or oil, heat exchanger effectiveness is greatly improved.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical proposals:
A kind of graphite ene-type heat-eliminating medium, comprises following composition by weight, Graphene: water or oil=1 ~ 10:100000; Wherein, the granularity of Graphene is 0.01 micron ~ 1000 microns.
Preferably, composition by weight, Graphene: water or oil=1:100000; Wherein, the granularity of Graphene is 0.01 micron ~ 10 microns.
Preferably, composition by weight, Graphene: water or oil=2:100000; Wherein, the granularity of Graphene is 0.01 micron ~ 1000 microns.
Preferably, composition by weight, Graphene: water or oil=3:100000; Wherein, the granularity of Graphene is 0.01 micron ~ 10 microns.
Preferably, composition by weight, Graphene: water or oil=4:100000; Wherein, the granularity of Graphene is 0.01 micron ~ 100 microns.
Preferably, composition by weight, Graphene: water or oil=5:100000; Wherein, the granularity of Graphene is 0.01 micron ~ 10 microns.
Preferably, composition by weight, Graphene: water or oil=10:100000; Wherein, the granularity of Graphene is 1 micron.
Further, the preparation method of above-mentioned arbitrary technical scheme,
First, Graphene is machined to the micro mist of required granularity;
Secondly, according to ratio requirement, Graphene micro mist is added in water or oil;
Finally, stirred by the mixture of agitator by Graphene micro mist and water or oil.
Further, heat-eliminating medium prepared by above-mentioned arbitrary technical scheme is applied in interchanger.
Interchanger is the equipment partial heat of hot-fluid being passed to cold fluid, also known as heat exchanger.Interchanger is the general-purpose equipment of chemical industry, oil, power, food and other many industrial sector, occupies critical role aborning.In Chemical Manufacture, interchanger can be used as well heater, water cooler, condenser, vaporizer and reboiler etc.
In the material that it has been found that at present, Graphene has the maximum capacity of heat transmission.
The thermal conductivity of various material
| Material | Thermal conductivity w/mk |
| Graphene | 4800～5300 |
| Silver | 429 |
| Copper | 401 |
| Aluminium | 237 |
| Gold | 317 |
| Water | 0.54 |
| Transformer oil | 0.128 |
| Diesel oil | 0.12 |
As can be seen from numerical value in showing above, the capacity of heat transmission of Graphene is 12 times of silver, and being 13 times of copper, is more than 9260 times of water, is 38460 times of oil.
The present invention utilizes water to have larger thermal capacitance and Graphene to have these two features of maximum thermal conductivity respectively, to be added by Graphene in water or oil and to make it be uniformly distributed.In heat exchanging process, the Graphene particulate be uniformly distributed in water or oil can feed water by the heat conduction of heat exchange material with maximum speed, thus increase substantially heat exchange efficiency.
The present invention is the Graphene of traditional liquid medium several times owing to adopting thermal conductivity, compensate for water in traditional heat exchangers or the relatively low attribute defect of oily thermal conductivity, and then the heat transfer rate of interchanger and heat are doubled, the final thermal conductivity improving heat transferring medium significantly, its thermal conductivity reaches the several times of existing heat-eliminating medium.
The strong major cause of thermal conductivity of the present invention is: 1) graphene molecules is the macromole with typical two-dimensional sheet structure, its yardstick close to or be less than the mean free path of phonons of crystalline material, the thermal conduction of system is no longer retrained by Fourier's law, and adopts great-jump-forward and non-confinement heat trnasfer; 2) fluctuation between fluid and whirlpool are strengthened; 3) sheet macromole can relax Transverse Temperature Gradient between fluid.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is Trial Verification Installation of the present invention and principle schematic;
Fig. 2 is trial curve of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further described.
Embodiment 1: the graphene powder of 0.01 micron is added in water or oil, is stirred by agitator, by weight percentage: Graphene 1 part; Water or oil 100000 parts.
The capacity of heat transmission of Graphene is more than 9260 times of water, is 38460 times of oil.
Utilize water to have larger thermal capacitance and Graphene to have these two features of maximum thermal conductivity respectively, Graphene to be added in water or oil and to make it be uniformly distributed.In heat exchanging process, the Graphene particulate be uniformly distributed in water or oil can feed water by the heat conduction of heat exchange material with maximum speed, thus increase substantially heat exchange efficiency.
Due to the Graphene that employing thermal conductivity is conventional fluid medium several times, compensate for water in traditional heat exchangers or the relatively low attribute defect of oily thermal conductivity, and then the heat transfer rate of interchanger and heat are doubled, the final thermal conductivity improving interchanger significantly, its thermal conductivity reaches the several times of existing heat-eliminating medium.
The strong major cause of thermal conductivity is: 1) graphene molecules is the macromole with typical two-dimensional sheet structure, its yardstick close to or be less than the mean free path of phonons of crystalline material, the thermal conduction of system is no longer retrained by Fourier's law, and adopts great-jump-forward and non-confinement heat trnasfer; 2) fluctuation between fluid and whirlpool are strengthened; 3) sheet macromole can relax Transverse Temperature Gradient between fluid.
As shown in Figure 1, in order to verify the performance of Graphene heat-eliminating medium, device as shown in Figure 1 and test method is devised.By the METAL HEATING PROCESS of 10 kilogram weights to 300 DEG C, then put into the container that 1000 kilograms of Graphene heat-eliminating mediums are housed, in distance heating element 10 centimetres and 30 centimeters metering temperature and time respectively.Then the performance of tap water is measured with same method,
As seen from Figure 2, in cooling tank, the temperature distribution history of water shows, only near heating element, the temperature of water is higher, and along with the increase of the distance with heating element, the temperature of water reduces rapidly.Illustrate that the thermal conduction capability of water is relatively low.The consequence caused is: during cooling, because hydro-thermal transmissibility is weak, only have small part heat-eliminating medium near heating element to participate in heat exchange effect, the heat-eliminating medium from heating element slightly far region can't accept heat and is in idle state, therefore considerably reduces heat exchange efficiency.
The temperature distribution history of diamond-type heat-eliminating medium shows, near heating element and away from one of heating element in a big way in, its temperature declines slowly with the increase leaving heating element distance, and fall is very little.Illustrate that the heat of heating element can reach rapidly by this heat-eliminating medium and be in heat-eliminating medium far away, this just means that the All Media in whole cooling tank can play cooling effect simultaneously, and therefore, heat exchange efficiency can significantly improve.
Embodiment 2: the graphene powder of 0.01 micron is added in water or oil, is stirred by agitator, by weight percentage: Graphene 2 parts; Water or oil 100000 parts.
The capacity of heat transmission of Graphene is more than 9260 times of water, is 38460 times of oil.
Utilize water to have larger thermal capacitance and Graphene to have these two features of maximum thermal conductivity respectively, Graphene to be added in water or oil and to make it be uniformly distributed.In heat exchanging process, the Graphene particulate be uniformly distributed in water or oil can feed water by the heat conduction of heat exchange material with maximum speed, thus increase substantially heat exchange efficiency.
Due to the Graphene that employing thermal conductivity is conventional fluid medium several times, compensate for water in traditional heat exchangers or the relatively low attribute defect of oily thermal conductivity, and then the heat transfer rate of interchanger and heat are doubled, the final thermal conductivity improving interchanger significantly, its thermal conductivity reaches the several times of existing heat-eliminating medium.
The strong major cause of thermal conductivity is: 1) graphene molecules is the macromole with typical two-dimensional sheet structure, its yardstick close to or be less than the mean free path of phonons of crystalline material, the thermal conduction of system is no longer retrained by Fourier's law, and adopts great-jump-forward and non-confinement heat trnasfer; 2) fluctuation between fluid and whirlpool are strengthened; 3) sheet macromole can relax Transverse Temperature Gradient between fluid.
Embodiment 3: the graphene powder of 0.01 micron is added in water or oil, is stirred by agitator, by weight percentage: Graphene 3 parts; Water or oil 100000 parts.
The capacity of heat transmission of Graphene is more than 9260 times of water, is 38460 times of oil.
Utilize water to have larger thermal capacitance and Graphene to have these two features of maximum thermal conductivity respectively, Graphene to be added in water or oil and to make it be uniformly distributed.In heat exchanging process, the Graphene particulate be uniformly distributed in water or oil can feed water by the heat conduction of heat exchange material with maximum speed, thus increase substantially heat exchange efficiency.
Due to the Graphene that employing thermal conductivity is conventional fluid medium several times, compensate for water in traditional heat exchangers or the relatively low attribute defect of oily thermal conductivity, and then the heat transfer rate of interchanger and heat are doubled, the final thermal conductivity improving interchanger significantly, its thermal conductivity reaches the several times of existing heat-eliminating medium.
The strong major cause of thermal conductivity is: 1) graphene molecules is the macromole with typical two-dimensional sheet structure, its yardstick close to or be less than the mean free path of phonons of crystalline material, the thermal conduction of system is no longer retrained by Fourier's law, and adopts great-jump-forward and non-confinement heat trnasfer; 2) fluctuation between fluid and whirlpool are strengthened; 3) sheet macromole can relax Transverse Temperature Gradient between fluid.
Embodiment 4: the graphene powder of 0.01 micron is added in water or oil, is stirred by agitator, by weight percentage: Graphene 4 parts; Water or oil 100000 parts.
The capacity of heat transmission of Graphene is more than 9260 times of water, is 38460 times of oil.
Utilize water to have larger thermal capacitance and Graphene to have these two features of maximum thermal conductivity respectively, Graphene to be added in water or oil and to make it be uniformly distributed.In heat exchanging process, the Graphene particulate be uniformly distributed in water or oil can feed water by the heat conduction of heat exchange material with maximum speed, thus increase substantially heat exchange efficiency.
Due to the Graphene that employing thermal conductivity is conventional fluid medium several times, compensate for water in traditional heat exchangers or the relatively low attribute defect of oily thermal conductivity, and then the heat transfer rate of interchanger and heat are doubled, the final thermal conductivity improving interchanger significantly, its thermal conductivity reaches the several times of existing heat-eliminating medium.
The strong major cause of thermal conductivity is: 1) graphene molecules is the macromole with typical two-dimensional sheet structure, its yardstick close to or be less than the mean free path of phonons of crystalline material, the thermal conduction of system is no longer retrained by Fourier's law, and adopts great-jump-forward and non-confinement heat trnasfer; 2) fluctuation between fluid and whirlpool are strengthened; 3) sheet macromole can relax Transverse Temperature Gradient between fluid.
Embodiment 5: the graphene powder of 0.01 micron is added in water or oil, is stirred by agitator, by weight percentage: Graphene 5 parts; Water or oil 100000 parts.
The capacity of heat transmission of Graphene is more than 9260 times of water, is 38460 times of oil.
Utilize water to have larger thermal capacitance and Graphene to have these two features of maximum thermal conductivity respectively, Graphene to be added in water or oil and to make it be uniformly distributed.In heat exchanging process, the Graphene particulate be uniformly distributed in water or oil can feed water by the heat conduction of heat exchange material with maximum speed, thus increase substantially heat exchange efficiency.
Due to the Graphene that employing thermal conductivity is conventional fluid medium several times, compensate for water in traditional heat exchangers or the relatively low attribute defect of oily thermal conductivity, and then the heat transfer rate of interchanger and heat are doubled, the final thermal conductivity improving interchanger significantly, its thermal conductivity reaches the several times of existing heat-eliminating medium.
The strong major cause of thermal conductivity is: 1) graphene molecules is the macromole with typical two-dimensional sheet structure, its yardstick close to or be less than the mean free path of phonons of crystalline material, the thermal conduction of system is no longer retrained by Fourier's law, and adopts great-jump-forward and non-confinement heat trnasfer; 2) fluctuation between fluid and whirlpool are strengthened; 3) sheet macromole can relax Transverse Temperature Gradient between fluid.
Embodiment 6: the graphene powder of 0.05 micron is added in water or oil, is stirred by agitator, by weight percentage: Graphene 2 parts; Water or oil 100000 parts.
The capacity of heat transmission of Graphene is more than 9260 times of water, is 38460 times of oil.
Utilize water to have larger thermal capacitance and Graphene to have these two features of maximum thermal conductivity respectively, Graphene to be added in water or oil and to make it be uniformly distributed.In heat exchanging process, the Graphene particulate be uniformly distributed in water or oil can feed water by the heat conduction of heat exchange material with maximum speed, thus increase substantially heat exchange efficiency.
Due to the Graphene that employing thermal conductivity is conventional fluid medium several times, compensate for water in traditional heat exchangers or the relatively low attribute defect of oily thermal conductivity, and then the heat transfer rate of interchanger and heat are doubled, the final thermal conductivity improving interchanger significantly, its thermal conductivity reaches the several times of existing heat-eliminating medium.
The strong major cause of thermal conductivity is: 1) graphene molecules is the macromole with typical two-dimensional sheet structure, its yardstick close to or be less than the mean free path of phonons of crystalline material, the thermal conduction of system is no longer retrained by Fourier's law, and adopts great-jump-forward and non-confinement heat trnasfer; 2) fluctuation between fluid and whirlpool are strengthened; 3) sheet macromole can relax Transverse Temperature Gradient between fluid.
Embodiment 7: the graphene powder of 0.05 micron is added in water or oil, is stirred by agitator, by weight percentage: Graphene 3 parts; Water or oil 100000 parts.
The capacity of heat transmission of Graphene is more than 9260 times of water, is 38460 times of oil.
Utilize water to have larger thermal capacitance and Graphene to have these two features of maximum thermal conductivity respectively, Graphene to be added in water or oil and to make it be uniformly distributed.In heat exchanging process, the Graphene particulate be uniformly distributed in water or oil can feed water by the heat conduction of heat exchange material with maximum speed, thus increase substantially heat exchange efficiency.
Due to the Graphene that employing thermal conductivity is conventional fluid medium several times, compensate for water in traditional heat exchangers or the relatively low attribute defect of oily thermal conductivity, and then the heat transfer rate of interchanger and heat are doubled, the final thermal conductivity improving interchanger significantly, its thermal conductivity reaches the several times of existing heat-eliminating medium.
The strong major cause of thermal conductivity is: 1) graphene molecules is the macromole with typical two-dimensional sheet structure, its yardstick close to or be less than the mean free path of phonons of crystalline material, the thermal conduction of system is no longer retrained by Fourier's law, and adopts great-jump-forward and non-confinement heat trnasfer; 2) fluctuation between fluid and whirlpool are strengthened; 3) sheet macromole can relax Transverse Temperature Gradient between fluid.
Embodiment 8: the graphene powder of 0.1 micron is added in water or oil, is stirred by agitator.By weight percentage: Graphene 1 part; Water or oil 100000 parts.
The capacity of heat transmission of Graphene is more than 9260 times of water, is 38460 times of oil.
Utilize water to have larger thermal capacitance and Graphene to have these two features of maximum thermal conductivity respectively, Graphene to be added in water or oil and to make it be uniformly distributed.In heat exchanging process, the Graphene particulate be uniformly distributed in water or oil can feed water by the heat conduction of heat exchange material with maximum speed, thus increase substantially heat exchange efficiency.
Due to the Graphene that employing thermal conductivity is conventional fluid medium several times, compensate for water in traditional heat exchangers or the relatively low attribute defect of oily thermal conductivity, and then the heat transfer rate of interchanger and heat are doubled, the final thermal conductivity improving interchanger significantly, its thermal conductivity reaches the several times of existing heat-eliminating medium.
The strong major cause of thermal conductivity is: 1) graphene molecules is the macromole with typical two-dimensional sheet structure, its yardstick close to or be less than the mean free path of phonons of crystalline material, the thermal conduction of system is no longer retrained by Fourier's law, and adopts great-jump-forward and non-confinement heat trnasfer; 2) fluctuation between fluid and whirlpool are strengthened; 3) sheet macromole can relax Transverse Temperature Gradient between fluid.
Embodiment 9: the graphene powder of 0.1 micron is added in water or oil, is stirred by agitator, by weight percentage: Graphene 2 parts; Water or oil 100000 parts.
The capacity of heat transmission of Graphene is more than 9260 times of water, is 38460 times of oil.
Utilize water to have larger thermal capacitance and Graphene to have these two features of maximum thermal conductivity respectively, Graphene to be added in water or oil and to make it be uniformly distributed.In heat exchanging process, the Graphene particulate be uniformly distributed in water or oil can feed water by the heat conduction of heat exchange material with maximum speed, thus increase substantially heat exchange efficiency.
Due to the Graphene that employing thermal conductivity is conventional fluid medium several times, compensate for water in traditional heat exchangers or the relatively low attribute defect of oily thermal conductivity, and then the heat transfer rate of interchanger and heat are doubled, the final thermal conductivity improving interchanger significantly, its thermal conductivity reaches the several times of existing heat-eliminating medium.
The strong major cause of thermal conductivity is: 1) graphene molecules is the macromole with typical two-dimensional sheet structure, its yardstick close to or be less than the mean free path of phonons of crystalline material, the thermal conduction of system is no longer retrained by Fourier's law, and adopts great-jump-forward and non-confinement heat trnasfer; 2) fluctuation between fluid and whirlpool are strengthened; 3) sheet macromole can relax Transverse Temperature Gradient between fluid.
Embodiment 10: the graphene powder of 0.1 micron is added in water or oil, is stirred by agitator, by weight percentage: Graphene 3 parts; Water or oil 100000 parts.
The capacity of heat transmission of Graphene is more than 9260 times of water, is 38460 times of oil.
Utilize water to have larger thermal capacitance and Graphene to have these two features of maximum thermal conductivity respectively, Graphene to be added in water or oil and to make it be uniformly distributed.In heat exchanging process, the Graphene particulate be uniformly distributed in water or oil can feed water by the heat conduction of heat exchange material with maximum speed, thus increase substantially heat exchange efficiency.
Due to the Graphene that employing thermal conductivity is conventional fluid medium several times, compensate for water in traditional heat exchangers or the relatively low attribute defect of oily thermal conductivity, and then the heat transfer rate of interchanger and heat are doubled, the final thermal conductivity improving interchanger significantly, its thermal conductivity reaches the several times of existing heat-eliminating medium.
The strong major cause of thermal conductivity is: 1) graphene molecules is the macromole with typical two-dimensional sheet structure, its yardstick close to or be less than the mean free path of phonons of crystalline material, the thermal conduction of system is no longer retrained by Fourier's law, and adopts great-jump-forward and non-confinement heat trnasfer; 2) fluctuation between fluid and whirlpool are strengthened; 3) sheet macromole can relax Transverse Temperature Gradient between fluid.
Embodiment 11: the graphene powder of 0.1 micron is added in water or oil, is stirred by agitator, by weight percentage: Graphene 4 parts; Water or oil 100000 parts.
The capacity of heat transmission of Graphene is more than 9260 times of water, is 38460 times of oil.
Utilize water to have larger thermal capacitance and Graphene to have these two features of maximum thermal conductivity respectively, Graphene to be added in water or oil and to make it be uniformly distributed.In heat exchanging process, the Graphene particulate be uniformly distributed in water or oil can feed water by the heat conduction of heat exchange material with maximum speed, thus increase substantially heat exchange efficiency.
Due to the Graphene that employing thermal conductivity is conventional fluid medium several times, compensate for water in traditional heat exchangers or the relatively low attribute defect of oily thermal conductivity, and then the heat transfer rate of interchanger and heat are doubled, the final thermal conductivity improving interchanger significantly, its thermal conductivity reaches the several times of existing heat-eliminating medium.
The strong major cause of thermal conductivity is: 1) graphene molecules is the macromole with typical two-dimensional sheet structure, its yardstick close to or be less than the mean free path of phonons of crystalline material, the thermal conduction of system is no longer retrained by Fourier's law, and adopts great-jump-forward and non-confinement heat trnasfer; 2) fluctuation between fluid and whirlpool are strengthened; 3) sheet macromole can relax Transverse Temperature Gradient between fluid.
Embodiment 12: the graphene powder of 1 micron is added in water or oil, is stirred by agitator, by weight percentage: Graphene 1 part; Water or oil 100000 parts.
The capacity of heat transmission of Graphene is more than 9260 times of water, is 38460 times of oil.
Utilize water to have larger thermal capacitance and Graphene to have these two features of maximum thermal conductivity respectively, Graphene to be added in water or oil and to make it be uniformly distributed.In heat exchanging process, the Graphene particulate be uniformly distributed in water or oil can feed water by the heat conduction of heat exchange material with maximum speed, thus increase substantially heat exchange efficiency.
Due to the Graphene that employing thermal conductivity is conventional fluid medium several times, compensate for water in traditional heat exchangers or the relatively low attribute defect of oily thermal conductivity, and then the heat transfer rate of interchanger and heat are doubled, the final thermal conductivity improving interchanger significantly, its thermal conductivity reaches the several times of existing heat-eliminating medium.
The strong major cause of thermal conductivity is: 1) graphene molecules is the macromole with typical two-dimensional sheet structure, its yardstick close to or be less than the mean free path of phonons of crystalline material, the thermal conduction of system is no longer retrained by Fourier's law, and adopts great-jump-forward and non-confinement heat trnasfer; 2) fluctuation between fluid and whirlpool are strengthened; 3) sheet macromole can relax Transverse Temperature Gradient between fluid.
Embodiment 13: the graphene powder of 1 micron is added in water or oil, is stirred by agitator, by weight percentage: Graphene 2 parts; Water or oil 100000 parts.
The capacity of heat transmission of Graphene is more than 9260 times of water, is 38460 times of oil.
Utilize water to have larger thermal capacitance and Graphene to have these two features of maximum thermal conductivity respectively, Graphene to be added in water or oil and to make it be uniformly distributed.In heat exchanging process, the Graphene particulate be uniformly distributed in water or oil can feed water by the heat conduction of heat exchange material with maximum speed, thus increase substantially heat exchange efficiency.
Due to the Graphene that employing thermal conductivity is conventional fluid medium several times, compensate for water in traditional heat exchangers or the relatively low attribute defect of oily thermal conductivity, and then the heat transfer rate of interchanger and heat are doubled, the final thermal conductivity improving interchanger significantly, its thermal conductivity reaches the several times of existing heat-eliminating medium.
The strong major cause of thermal conductivity is: 1) graphene molecules is the macromole with typical two-dimensional sheet structure, its yardstick close to or be less than the mean free path of phonons of crystalline material, the thermal conduction of system is no longer retrained by Fourier's law, and adopts great-jump-forward and non-confinement heat trnasfer; 2) fluctuation between fluid and whirlpool are strengthened; 3) sheet macromole can relax Transverse Temperature Gradient between fluid.
Embodiment 14: the graphene powder of 1 micron is added in water or oil, is stirred by agitator, by weight percentage: Graphene 4 parts; Water or oil 100000 parts.
The capacity of heat transmission of Graphene is more than 9260 times of water, is 38460 times of oil.
Utilize water to have larger thermal capacitance and Graphene to have these two features of maximum thermal conductivity respectively, Graphene to be added in water or oil and to make it be uniformly distributed.In heat exchanging process, the Graphene particulate be uniformly distributed in water or oil can feed water by the heat conduction of heat exchange material with maximum speed, thus increase substantially heat exchange efficiency.
Due to the Graphene that employing thermal conductivity is conventional fluid medium several times, compensate for water in traditional heat exchangers or the relatively low attribute defect of oily thermal conductivity, and then the heat transfer rate of interchanger and heat are doubled, the final thermal conductivity improving interchanger significantly, its thermal conductivity reaches the several times of existing heat-eliminating medium.
The strong major cause of thermal conductivity is: 1) graphene molecules is the macromole with typical two-dimensional sheet structure, its yardstick close to or be less than the mean free path of phonons of crystalline material, the thermal conduction of system is no longer retrained by Fourier's law, and adopts great-jump-forward and non-confinement heat trnasfer; 2) fluctuation between fluid and whirlpool are strengthened; 3) sheet macromole can relax Transverse Temperature Gradient between fluid.
Embodiment 15: the graphene powder of 1 micron is added in water or oil, is stirred by agitator, by weight percentage: Graphene 10 parts; Water or oil 100000 parts.
The capacity of heat transmission of Graphene is more than 9260 times of water, is 38460 times of oil.
Utilize water to have larger thermal capacitance and Graphene to have these two features of maximum thermal conductivity respectively, Graphene to be added in water or oil and to make it be uniformly distributed.In heat exchanging process, the Graphene particulate be uniformly distributed in water or oil can feed water by the heat conduction of heat exchange material with maximum speed, thus increase substantially heat exchange efficiency.
Due to the Graphene that employing thermal conductivity is conventional fluid medium several times, compensate for water in traditional heat exchangers or the relatively low attribute defect of oily thermal conductivity, and then the heat transfer rate of interchanger and heat are doubled, the final thermal conductivity improving interchanger significantly, its thermal conductivity reaches the several times of existing heat-eliminating medium.
The strong major cause of thermal conductivity is: 1) graphene molecules is the macromole with typical two-dimensional sheet structure, its yardstick close to or be less than the mean free path of phonons of crystalline material, the thermal conduction of system is no longer retrained by Fourier's law, and adopts great-jump-forward and non-confinement heat trnasfer; 2) fluctuation between fluid and whirlpool are strengthened; 3) sheet macromole can relax Transverse Temperature Gradient between fluid.
Embodiment 16: the graphene powder of 10 microns is added in water or oil, is stirred by agitator, by weight percentage: Graphene 1 part; Water or oil 100000 parts.
The capacity of heat transmission of Graphene is more than 9260 times of water, is 38460 times of oil.
Utilize water to have larger thermal capacitance and Graphene to have these two features of maximum thermal conductivity respectively, Graphene to be added in water or oil and to make it be uniformly distributed.In heat exchanging process, the Graphene particulate be uniformly distributed in water or oil can feed water by the heat conduction of heat exchange material with maximum speed, thus increase substantially heat exchange efficiency.
Due to the Graphene that employing thermal conductivity is conventional fluid medium several times, compensate for water in traditional heat exchangers or the relatively low attribute defect of oily thermal conductivity, and then the heat transfer rate of interchanger and heat are doubled, the final thermal conductivity improving interchanger significantly, its thermal conductivity reaches the several times of existing heat-eliminating medium.
The strong major cause of thermal conductivity is: 1) graphene molecules is the macromole with typical two-dimensional sheet structure, its yardstick close to or be less than the mean free path of phonons of crystalline material, the thermal conduction of system is no longer retrained by Fourier's law, and adopts great-jump-forward and non-confinement heat trnasfer; 2) fluctuation between fluid and whirlpool are strengthened; 3) sheet macromole can relax Transverse Temperature Gradient between fluid.
Embodiment 17: the graphene powder of 10 microns is added in water or oil, is stirred by agitator, by weight percentage: Graphene 3 parts; Water or oil 100000 parts.
The capacity of heat transmission of Graphene is more than 9260 times of water, is 38460 times of oil.
Utilize water to have larger thermal capacitance and Graphene to have these two features of maximum thermal conductivity respectively, Graphene to be added in water or oil and to make it be uniformly distributed.In heat exchanging process, the Graphene particulate be uniformly distributed in water or oil can feed water by the heat conduction of heat exchange material with maximum speed, thus increase substantially heat exchange efficiency.
Due to the Graphene that employing thermal conductivity is conventional fluid medium several times, compensate for water in traditional heat exchangers or the relatively low attribute defect of oily thermal conductivity, and then the heat transfer rate of interchanger and heat are doubled, the final thermal conductivity improving interchanger significantly, its thermal conductivity reaches the several times of existing heat-eliminating medium.
The strong major cause of thermal conductivity is: 1) graphene molecules is the macromole with typical two-dimensional sheet structure, its yardstick close to or be less than the mean free path of phonons of crystalline material, the thermal conduction of system is no longer retrained by Fourier's law, and adopts great-jump-forward and non-confinement heat trnasfer; 2) fluctuation between fluid and whirlpool are strengthened; 3) sheet macromole can relax Transverse Temperature Gradient between fluid.
Embodiment 18: the graphene powder of 10 microns is added in water or oil, is stirred by agitator, by weight percentage: Graphene 4 parts; Water or oil 100000 parts.
The capacity of heat transmission of Graphene is more than 9260 times of water, is 38460 times of oil.
Utilize water to have larger thermal capacitance and Graphene to have these two features of maximum thermal conductivity respectively, Graphene to be added in water or oil and to make it be uniformly distributed.In heat exchanging process, the Graphene particulate be uniformly distributed in water or oil can feed water by the heat conduction of heat exchange material with maximum speed, thus increase substantially heat exchange efficiency.
Due to the Graphene that employing thermal conductivity is conventional fluid medium several times, compensate for water in traditional heat exchangers or the relatively low attribute defect of oily thermal conductivity, and then the heat transfer rate of interchanger and heat are doubled, the final thermal conductivity improving interchanger significantly, its thermal conductivity reaches the several times of existing heat-eliminating medium.
The strong major cause of thermal conductivity is: 1) graphene molecules is the macromole with typical two-dimensional sheet structure, its yardstick close to or be less than the mean free path of phonons of crystalline material, the thermal conduction of system is no longer retrained by Fourier's law, and adopts great-jump-forward and non-confinement heat trnasfer; 2) fluctuation between fluid and whirlpool are strengthened; 3) sheet macromole can relax Transverse Temperature Gradient between fluid.
Embodiment 19: the graphene powder of 10 microns is added in water or oil, is stirred by agitator, by weight percentage: Graphene 5 parts; Water or oil 100000 parts.
The capacity of heat transmission of Graphene is more than 9260 times of water, is 38460 times of oil.
Utilize water to have larger thermal capacitance and Graphene to have these two features of maximum thermal conductivity respectively, Graphene to be added in water or oil and to make it be uniformly distributed.In heat exchanging process, the Graphene particulate be uniformly distributed in water or oil can feed water by the heat conduction of heat exchange material with maximum speed, thus increase substantially heat exchange efficiency.
Due to the Graphene that employing thermal conductivity is conventional fluid medium several times, compensate for water in traditional heat exchangers or the relatively low attribute defect of oily thermal conductivity, and then the heat transfer rate of interchanger and heat are doubled, the final thermal conductivity improving interchanger significantly, its thermal conductivity reaches the several times of existing heat-eliminating medium.
The strong major cause of thermal conductivity is: 1) graphene molecules is the macromole with typical two-dimensional sheet structure, its yardstick close to or be less than the mean free path of phonons of crystalline material, the thermal conduction of system is no longer retrained by Fourier's law, and adopts great-jump-forward and non-confinement heat trnasfer; 2) fluctuation between fluid and whirlpool are strengthened; 3) sheet macromole can relax Transverse Temperature Gradient between fluid.
Embodiment 20: the graphene powder of 100 microns is added in water or oil, is stirred by agitator, by weight percentage: Graphene 2 parts; Water or oil 100000 parts.
The capacity of heat transmission of Graphene is more than 9260 times of water, is 38460 times of oil.
Utilize water to have larger thermal capacitance and Graphene to have these two features of maximum thermal conductivity respectively, Graphene to be added in water or oil and to make it be uniformly distributed.In heat exchanging process, the Graphene particulate be uniformly distributed in water or oil can feed water by the heat conduction of heat exchange material with maximum speed, thus increase substantially heat exchange efficiency.
Due to the Graphene that employing thermal conductivity is conventional fluid medium several times, compensate for water in traditional heat exchangers or the relatively low attribute defect of oily thermal conductivity, and then the heat transfer rate of interchanger and heat are doubled, the final thermal conductivity improving interchanger significantly, its thermal conductivity reaches the several times of existing heat-eliminating medium.
The strong major cause of thermal conductivity is: 1) graphene molecules is the macromole with typical two-dimensional sheet structure, its yardstick close to or be less than the mean free path of phonons of crystalline material, the thermal conduction of system is no longer retrained by Fourier's law, and adopts great-jump-forward and non-confinement heat trnasfer; 2) fluctuation between fluid and whirlpool are strengthened; 3) sheet macromole can relax Transverse Temperature Gradient between fluid.
Embodiment 21: the graphene powder of 1000 microns is added in water or oil, is stirred by agitator, by weight percentage: Graphene 2 parts; Water or oil 100000 parts.
The capacity of heat transmission of Graphene is more than 9260 times of water, is 38460 times of oil.
Utilize water to have larger thermal capacitance and Graphene to have these two features of maximum thermal conductivity respectively, Graphene to be added in water or oil and to make it be uniformly distributed.In heat exchanging process, the Graphene particulate be uniformly distributed in water or oil can feed water by the heat conduction of heat exchange material with maximum speed, thus increase substantially heat exchange efficiency.
Due to the Graphene that employing thermal conductivity is conventional fluid medium several times, compensate for water in traditional heat exchangers or the relatively low attribute defect of oily thermal conductivity, and then the heat transfer rate of interchanger and heat are doubled, the final thermal conductivity improving interchanger significantly, its thermal conductivity reaches the several times of existing heat-eliminating medium.
The strong major cause of thermal conductivity is: 1) graphene molecules is the macromole with typical two-dimensional sheet structure, its yardstick close to or be less than the mean free path of phonons of crystalline material, the thermal conduction of system is no longer retrained by Fourier's law, and adopts great-jump-forward and non-confinement heat trnasfer; 2) fluctuation between fluid and whirlpool are strengthened; 3) sheet macromole can relax Transverse Temperature Gradient between fluid.
Although above-mentioned, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described; but not limiting the scope of the invention; one of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that; on the basis of technical scheme of the present invention, those skilled in the art do not need to pay various amendment or distortion that creative work can make still within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a graphite ene-type heat-eliminating medium, is characterized in that, comprises following composition by weight, Graphene: water or oil=1 ~ 10:100000; Wherein, the granularity of Graphene is 0.01 micron ~ 1000 microns.
2. a graphite ene-type heat-eliminating medium, is characterized in that, comprises following composition by weight, Graphene: water or oil=1:100000; Wherein, the granularity of Graphene is 0.01 micron ~ 10 microns.
3. a graphite ene-type heat-eliminating medium, is characterized in that, comprises following composition by weight, Graphene: water or oil=2:100000; Wherein, the granularity of Graphene is 0.01 micron ~ 1000 microns.
4. a graphite ene-type heat-eliminating medium, is characterized in that, comprises following composition by weight, Graphene: water or oil=3:100000; Wherein, the granularity of Graphene is 0.01 micron ~ 10 microns.
5. a graphite ene-type heat-eliminating medium, is characterized in that, comprises following composition by weight, Graphene: water or oil=4:100000; Wherein, the granularity of Graphene is 0.01 micron ~ 100 microns.
6. a graphite ene-type heat-eliminating medium, is characterized in that, comprises following composition by weight, Graphene: water or oil=5:100000; Wherein, the granularity of Graphene is 0.01 micron ~ 10 microns.
7. a graphite ene-type heat-eliminating medium, is characterized in that, comprises following composition by weight, Graphene: water or oil=10:100000; Wherein, the granularity of Graphene is 1 micron.
8. the graphite ene-type heat-eliminating medium preparation method as described in any one of claim 1-7, is characterized in that,
First, Graphene is machined to the micro mist of required granularity;
Secondly, according to ratio requirement, Graphene micro mist is added in water or oil;
Finally, stirred by the mixture of agitator by Graphene micro mist and water or oil.
9. the application of the graphite ene-type heat-eliminating medium as described in any one of claim 1-7, it is characterized in that, described heat-eliminating medium is applied in interchanger.
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