CN104478183A - Method for processing municipal sludge by combining energy grass with anaerobic fermentation technology - Google Patents

Method for processing municipal sludge by combining energy grass with anaerobic fermentation technology Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104478183A
CN104478183A CN201410643215.5A CN201410643215A CN104478183A CN 104478183 A CN104478183 A CN 104478183A CN 201410643215 A CN201410643215 A CN 201410643215A CN 104478183 A CN104478183 A CN 104478183A
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sludge
grass
energy grass
anaerobic fermentation
water ratio
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CN104478183B (en
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袁振宏
邢涛
孙永明
孔晓英
李连华
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Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of CAS
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Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion of CAS
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/02—Biological treatment
    • C02F11/04—Anaerobic treatment; Production of methane by such processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F7/00—Fertilisers from waste water, sewage sludge, sea slime, ooze or similar masses
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
    • C02F2303/06—Sludge reduction, e.g. by lysis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/20—Sludge processing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for processing municipal sludge by combining energy grass with an anaerobic fermentation technology. Different processing methods are adopted according to the properties of primary sludge and active sludge, and the active sludge with high content of organic matters and fresh energy grass are mixed and undergo anaerobic fermentation stable treatment; and the primary sludge with high content of inorganic matters and biogas residues are mixed and are stabilized by a plant (energy grass) land system, so the method adapts to different sludge characteristics, solves the problems of low anaerobic fermentation system utilization efficiency caused by much mud sands in sludge, difficult finding of the carbon source required by fermentation and the like, overcomes the disadvantages of difficult recycling of traditional sludge processing methods, and simultaneously realizes municipal sludge processing and energy regeneration and recycling comprehensive utilization; and a soil conditioner is prepared through a plant stabilizing technology, so a way is found to finally process sludge, and the utilization value of sludge is maximized.

Description

A kind of method utilizing energy grass and anaerobic fermentation technology combination treatment municipal sludge
Technical field:
The present invention relates to waste resource technology field, be specifically related to a kind of method utilizing energy grass and anaerobic fermentation technology combination treatment municipal sludge.
Background technology:
Along with the quickening of expanding economy and urbanization process, wastewater treatment in China rate improves day by day, and municipal sludge also grows with each passing day as its output of inevitable accessory products of sewage disposal.At present, national sewage work has more than 3000, day the amount of disposing of sewage reach 1.4 hundred million tons, mud generation (by water ratio 80%) is more than 140,000 ton per days.Mud contains the hazardous and noxious substances such as pathogenic agent, heavy metal and persistent organism, without effectively processing disposal, very easily causes secondary pollution to underground water, soil etc., direct threatening environment safety and public health.
Municipal sludge is mainly derived from the process procedure such as primary sedimentation pond, secondary sedimentation basins, is mainly divided into primary sludge and active sludge (excess sludge).Primary sludge refers to precipitate and the mud got rid of from primary sedimentation pond, and its water ratio is generally 97% ~ 98%; Active sludge refers to the excess sludge discharged in the biological treatment systems such as conventional activated sludge process, and its water ratio is generally 99.2% ~ 99.8%.Sludge quality is the important evidence selecting specific resistance to filtration technique, and the index weighing sludge quality mainly contains water ratio, volatile matter, plant nutrient ingredient etc.Volatile matter is the most important chemical property of mud.Generally, the ratio of primary sludge volatile solid is 50% ~ 60%, and active sludge is 60% ~ 85%.In wastewater treatment in China factory mud, plant nutrient ingredient overall state is as shown in the table:
Sludge types Total nitrogen (TN) Phosphorus (P 2O 5) Potassium (K)
Primary sludge 2.0～3.4 1.0～3.0 0.1～0.3
Active sludge 3.5～7.2 3.3～5.0 0.2～0.4
Because municipal sludge has the advantages that organic content is high, be rich in plant nutrient substance, World Water environmental organization (The WaterEnvironment Federation, WEF) renames mud (sludge) as biological organic solid (biosolids).At present, sludge disposal mainly comprises sanitary landfill, burning, Land_use change and manufactures the methods such as material of construction.In view of These characteristics and the China's national situation of municipal sludge, recycling will be the Main way of specific resistance to filtration.
At present, anaerobic digestion techniques is utilized to carry out stabilization treatment to mud, the energy can not only be reclaimed with the form of anaerobically fermenting, Land_use change can also be carried out with the form of fermentation residues, while realizing resource cascade utilization, also avoid the potential threat of the method for disposal secondary pollutions such as burning.But there is following problem in traditional sludge anaerobically fermenting:
(1) optimum carbon nitrogen ratio of anaerobically fermenting is 25 ~ 30, and mud carbon-nitrogen ratio lower (10 ~ 20), fermentation gas is unstable, often needs to add carbon source, and it is more difficult to find suitable carbon source;
(2) non-differentiated treatment primary sludge (sediment concentration is large, inorganics is many) and active sludge, causes the inorganic content such as silt particle in fermentation materials high, not only occupies reactor volume, also affect anaerobically fermenting effect;
(3) often contain micro heavy in mud, only carrying out anaerobic digestion cannot cut down heavy metal content;
(4) gas production rate is few, and energy recovery rate is lower.
Energy grass generally has well developed root system, strong adaptability, growth is fast, plant is tall and big, biological quality is high, to the feature such as soil requirement is low, except except planting trees on barren hills, soil conservation, improving and have application in Soil structure etc., also become emerging biomass energy raw material gradually.
Summary of the invention:
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of method utilizing energy grass and anaerobic fermentation technology combination treatment municipal sludge.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical programs:
Utilize a method for energy grass and anaerobic fermentation technology combination treatment municipal sludge, comprise the following steps:
A, the active sludge in municipal sludge is concentrated into water ratio 97% ~ 98% after, with fresh energy grass in mass ratio 1:1 ~ 2:1 mixing carry out anaerobically fermenting, the biogas of generation is used for generating or prepares bio-natural gas; Solid-liquid separation is carried out to residues, obtains natural pond slag and natural pond liquid; Described natural pond liquid is got back to Sewage Plant and is continued process; Marsh gas power generation or prepare bio-natural gas produce waste heat for drying energy grass, obtain the dry energy grass that water ratio is 20% ~ 30%;
B, by the primary sludge dehydration in municipal sludge to after water ratio 80% ~ 85% with the natural pond slag obtained in step a in mass ratio 2:1 ~ 3:1 mix, add in step a the water ratio obtained be 20% ~ 30% dry energy grass water ratio is adjusted to 50% ~ 60%, aerobic stack retting 5 ~ 8 days; Mud after stack retting is applied to kind of the land treatment system having energy grass, and use gauge control at 30 ~ 50cm, energy grass cradles once in every 3 ~ 4 months, cradles rear collection 15 ~ 25cm top layer mud as soil improvement agent.
Described energy grass is selected from any one in huge bacterium grass, hybrid Chinese pennisetum, switchgrass, Chinese silvergrass, napier grass etc.
Active sludge in described municipal sludge refers to the mud of discharging in secondary sedimentation basins.
Primary sludge in described municipal sludge is selected from settling pit or primary sedimentation pond precipitates and the mud got rid of.
In above-mentioned steps, described anaerobically fermenting adopts intermediate temperature anaerobic fermentation (35 DEG C ~ 37 DEG C), and fermentation residues solid-liquid separation adopts press filtration, and marsh gas power generation uses gas internal-combustion engine, and stack retting adopts normal temperature stack retting.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention is:
(1) according to the difference of primary sludge and active sludge character, adopt different treatment processs, for the active sludge that organic content is high, it is mixed with fresh energy grass and carries out anaerobically fermenting stabilizing treatment; For the primary sludge that inorganic content is high, plant (energy grass) land system is used to carry out stabilization treatment after being mixed by the natural pond slag that itself and fermentation produce, not only fully adapt to the feature of different mud, also effectively prevent the organism such as a large amount of silts and enter anaerobic fermentation system, improve the utilising efficiency of system;
(2) energy grass of above-mentioned land system plantation is the excellent carbon source of sludge anaerobic fermentation, solves the problem that carbon source finds difficulty; Utilize the energy grass of plantation and active sludge to carry out hybrid anaerobic fermentation, compensate for the shortcoming that mud independent anaerobically fermenting carbon-nitrogen ratio is low, carbon source is not enough, significantly can improve biogas output; The biogas that anaerobically fermenting produces is used for generating or prepares bio-natural gas, for sewage and sludge treatment provide the energy, greatly can reduce the processing costs of sewage and mud; Mud after energy grass stabilization can be used as soil improvement agent and carries out Land_use change, achieves the cascade utilization of resource;
(3) use the mixture of energy grass process primary sludge and natural pond slag, not only realize the minimizing of primary sludge and natural pond slag, the plant transpiration effect of energy grass can also be utilized, cut down heavy metal content in the finished product;
In a word, the invention provides a kind of method utilizing energy grass and anaerobic fermentation technology combination treatment municipal sludge, different process stage mud is processed respectively, while adapting to different sludge characteristics, solve silt particle in mud causes anaerobic fermentation system utilising efficiency poor more, fermentation required carbon source such as not easily to find at the problem, compensate for the shortcoming that traditional sludge process method of disposal is difficult to recycling, energy can be realized while process municipal sludge, comprehensive utilization of resources, prepare soil improvement agent by phytostabilization not to be only sludge ultimate disposal and to have found outlet, also the utility value of mud is maximised.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 is process flow diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment:
Below further illustrate of the present invention, instead of limitation of the present invention.
Below in embodiment, described sludge condensation adopts conventional sludge concentrator (centrifugal concentrating and belt thickener), described anaerobically fermenting adopts intermediate temperature anaerobic fermentation (35 DEG C ~ 37 DEG C), fermentation residues solid-liquid separation adopts belt filter press, marsh gas power generation uses gas internal-combustion engine, sludge dewatering adopts may pressure filter, and stack retting adopts normal temperature stack retting.
Embodiment 1: the method utilizing huge bacterium grass and anaerobic fermentation technology combination treatment municipal sludge
As shown in Figure 1, utilize the method for huge bacterium grass and anaerobic fermentation technology combination treatment municipal sludge, comprise the following steps:
A, the active sludge in municipal sludge is concentrated into water ratio 97% ~ 98% after, with fresh huge bacterium grass in mass ratio for intermediate temperature anaerobic fermentation is carried out in 1:1 ~ 2:1 mixing, the biogas of generation is used for generating; Solid-liquid separation is carried out to residues, obtains natural pond slag and natural pond liquid; Described natural pond liquid is got back to Sewage Plant and is continued process; The waste heat that described marsh gas power generation produces, for drying huge bacterium grass, obtains the dry huge bacterium grass that water ratio is 20%;
B, by the primary sludge dehydration in municipal sludge to after water ratio 80% ~ 85% with the natural pond slag obtained in step a in mass ratio 2:1 ~ 3:1 mix, add in step a the water ratio obtained be 20% dry huge bacterium careless water ratio is adjusted to 50%, aerobic stack retting 5 days, the mud after stack retting, natural pond slag mixture water ratio are down to less than 30%; Mud after stack retting is applied to kind of the land treatment system having huge bacterium grass, uses gauge control at 30cm, and huge bacterium grass cradles once in every 3 months, cradles rear collection 15cm top layer mud as soil improvement agent.
The optimum carbon nitrogen ratio of anaerobically fermenting is 25 ~ 30, and in the present embodiment, fresh huge bacterium grass carbon-nitrogen ratio is about 40, after mixing with mud, fermentation raw material carbon-nitrogen ratio is adjustable to 30, when carrying out anaerobically fermenting with this carbon-nitrogen ratio, sludge biogas production amount can improve about 15%, and anaerobically fermenting volume yield rate can by 1.0 ~ 1.1m 3/ (m 3d) 1.4 ~ 1.5m is brought up to 3/ (m 3d), substantially increase equipment capacity, compare independent fermentation, every thousand side's tank bodies every day can voluminous gas 400 ~ 500m 3, voluminous electric 1000kwh; Meanwhile, the mud after huge bacterium grass is stable can decrement 50% ~ 60%, and the every mu of hay yield of huge bacterium grass can reach 3 tons; In addition after utilizing present method, in anaerobic fermentation tank, the inorganics such as sandstone reduces in a large number, the fermentor tank moon sediment outflow number of times can reduce about 20%.
Embodiment 2: the method utilizing switchgrass and anaerobic fermentation technology combination treatment municipal sludge
A, the active sludge in municipal sludge is concentrated into water ratio 97% ~ 98% after, with fresh switchgrass in mass ratio 1:1 ~ 2:1 mixing carry out intermediate temperature anaerobic fermentation, the biogas of generation is used for generating; Solid-liquid separation is carried out to residues, obtains natural pond slag and natural pond liquid; Described natural pond liquid is got back to Sewage Plant and is continued process; The waste heat that described marsh gas power generation produces, for drying switchgrass, obtains the dry switchgrass that water ratio is 30%;
B, by the primary sludge dehydration in municipal sludge to after water ratio 80% ~ 85% with the natural pond slag obtained in step a in mass ratio 2:1 ~ 3:1 mix, add in step a the water ratio obtained be 30% dry switchgrass water ratio is adjusted to 60%, aerobic stack retting 8 days, the mud after stack retting, natural pond slag mixture water ratio are down to less than 30%; Mud after stack retting is applied to kind of the land treatment system having switchgrass, and use gauge control at 50cm, switchgrass cradles once in every 4 months, cradles rear collection 25cm top layer mud as soil improvement agent.
Embodiment 3: the method utilizing napier grass and anaerobic fermentation technology combination treatment municipal sludge
A, the active sludge in municipal sludge is concentrated into water ratio 97 ~ %98% after, with fresh napier grass in mass ratio 1:1 ~ 2:1 mixing carry out intermediate temperature anaerobic fermentation, the biogas of generation prepares bio-natural gas; Solid-liquid separation is carried out to residues, obtains natural pond slag and natural pond liquid; Described natural pond liquid is got back to Sewage Plant and is continued process; The waste heat preparing bio-natural gas generation obtains for drying napier grass the dry napier grass that water ratio is 25%;
B, by the primary sludge dehydration in municipal sludge to after water ratio 80% ~ 85% with the natural pond slag obtained in step a in mass ratio 3:1 mix, add in step a the water ratio obtained be 25% dry napier grass water ratio is adjusted to 55%, aerobic stack retting 7 days, the mud after stack retting, natural pond slag mixture water ratio are down to less than 30%; Mud after stack retting is applied to kind of the land treatment system having napier grass, and use gauge control at 40cm, napier grass cradles once in every 4 months, cradles rear collection 20cm top layer mud as soil improvement agent.

Claims (2)

1. utilize a method for energy grass and anaerobic fermentation technology combination treatment municipal sludge, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
A, the active sludge in municipal sludge is concentrated into water ratio 97% ~ 98% after, with fresh energy grass in mass ratio 1:1 ~ 2:1 mixing carry out anaerobically fermenting, the biogas of generation is used for generating or prepares bio-natural gas; Solid-liquid separation is carried out to residues, obtains natural pond slag and natural pond liquid; Described natural pond liquid is got back to Sewage Plant and is continued process; Marsh gas power generation or prepare bio-natural gas produce waste heat for drying energy grass, obtain the dry energy grass that water ratio is 20% ~ 30%;
B, by the primary sludge dehydration in municipal sludge to after water ratio 80% ~ 85% with the natural pond slag obtained in step a in mass ratio 2:1 ~ 3:1 mix, add in step a the water ratio obtained be 20% ~ 30% dry energy grass water ratio is adjusted to 50% ~ 60%, aerobic stack retting 5 ~ 8 days; Mud after stack retting is applied to kind of the land treatment system having energy grass, and use gauge control at 30 ~ 50cm, energy grass cradles once in every 3 ~ 4 months, cradles rear collection 15 ~ 25cm top layer mud as soil improvement agent.
2. the method utilizing energy grass and anaerobic fermentation technology combination treatment municipal sludge according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described energy grass is selected from any one in huge bacterium grass, hybrid Chinese pennisetum, switchgrass, Chinese silvergrass, napier grass.
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CN112661369A (en) * 2020-12-25 2021-04-16 云南龙氏肥业有限公司 Method for treating municipal sludge by using pennisetum hydridum and sludge in synergistic circulating manner

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Cited By (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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CN112661369A (en) * 2020-12-25 2021-04-16 云南龙氏肥业有限公司 Method for treating municipal sludge by using pennisetum hydridum and sludge in synergistic circulating manner

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