CN104478129A - Method for removing trace amounts of cadmium in aqueous solution - Google Patents
Method for removing trace amounts of cadmium in aqueous solution Download PDFInfo
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- CN104478129A CN104478129A CN201410728971.8A CN201410728971A CN104478129A CN 104478129 A CN104478129 A CN 104478129A CN 201410728971 A CN201410728971 A CN 201410728971A CN 104478129 A CN104478129 A CN 104478129A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/38—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by centrifugal separation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
- C02F2301/08—Multistage treatments, e.g. repetition of the same process step under different conditions
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- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a wastewater treatment technology, and particularly relates to a method for removing trace amounts of cadmium in an aqueous solution. The method comprises the following steps: A, adjusting the pH value; B, carrying out precipitation reaction; C, coagulating; and D, adjusting the pH value of effluent water. According to the method, a suitable pH value is effectively controlled by cleverly using acid-base indicators, namely, a thymolphthalein indicator and a phenolphthalein indicator, the phenomenon that the accurate pH value cannot be obtained due to the chromogenic error of a pH test paper or the systematic error of a pH meter is avoided so that a large amount of cadmium can form a cadmium hydroxide precipitate and the addition of an alkali can be appropriately controlled to ensure that after carbonate is added, residual cadmium forms cadmium carbonate particles as possible, the concentration of cadmium Cd in the solution is less than or equal to 0.0032mg/L; by the good coagulation effect of a ferron, the cadmium precipitate is coagulated, precipitated and removed and settled after coagulation and centrifuged to remove added acid in the cadmium-containing precipitate solution so that the solution becomes colorless from pale red and can be discharged when the pH value is less than 8.0.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wastewater processing technology, particularly a kind of method removing Trace Cadmium in the aqueous solution.
Background technology
Water Cd pollution receives the concern of countries in the world.Along with the water Cd pollution outburst frequency raises and pollutes day by day serious, the local sector of major river valley and water surrounding sensitive area performs " water environment quality standard " (GB3838-2002) II class standard (Cd≤0.005mg/L) to the emission limit of manufacturing enterprise's cadmium, " drinking water sanitary standard " that China in 2006 newly promulgates, the concentration of cadmium is also done strict restriction, limits Cd≤0.005mg/L.The treatment process of cadmium wastewater is more, and according to the difference of cadmium content and cadmium existing forms, the treatment process adopted is also different.Current method for removing cadmium mainly contains Physical, chemical method, physico-chemical processes and biological process, wherein mainly based on chemical method, comprise chemiadsorption, chemical precipitation method (hydroxide precipitation method and sulphide precipitation), electrochemical redox method, Fe forms method, coagulant sedimentation, chelate precipitation, foamet etc.
Patent " a kind of method removing Trace Cadmium in the aqueous solution " (Authorization Notice No. CN 102249450B), feature is by the cultivation of growing plant under chromium environment and anatomy, by controlling solution ph, and adding containing ferron, carbonate and phosphoric acid salt or molybdate etc., removing is containing the cadmium in cadmium waste liquid substantially.This invents raw materials used economy and is easy to get, and do not add any containing harmful element in system, the wastewater treatment time is short, and reagent dosage is few, and waste residue generation is few, and in the aqueous solution after process, cadmium content is less than 0.01mg/L, can enter secondary network.Though be a kind of environmentally friendly treatment process, can be widely used in the process of the cadmium wastewater that the fields such as metal-processing industry, Electroplating Operations, curriery and textile industry are discharged.But the local sector that this method can not meet major river valley and water surrounding sensitive area performs the requirement of " water environment quality standard " (GB3838-2002) II class standard or " drinking water sanitary standard " (GB 5749-2005) (Cd≤0.005mg/L) to the emission limit of manufacturing enterprise's cadmium.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of method removing Trace Cadmium in the aqueous solution, the local sector meeting major river valley and water surrounding sensitive area performs the requirement of " water environment quality standard " (GB 3838-2002) II class standard or " drinking water sanitary standard " (GB 5749-2005) (Cd≤0.005mg/L) to the emission limit of manufacturing enterprise's cadmium.
Technical scheme of the present invention: a kind of method removing Trace Cadmium in the aqueous solution, comprises the following steps:
A, adjust pH: the thymolphthalein 90% ethanolic soln indicator 3-10 first dripping mass concentration 1 ‰ in containing the cadmic pending aqueous solution, then alkali (sodium hydroxide or calcium hydroxide) is used to adjust solution to make solution be transformed into blueness by colourless, pH value >=9.4 of solution;
B, precipitin reaction: add precipitation agent carbonate (sodium carbonate or sodium bicarbonate) 5-50mg/L, mixing speed 600r/min to the cadmic pending aqueous solution that contains mixing up pH value >=9.4, the time, 1-10min reacted;
C, coagulation: after precipitin reaction, stir while speed governing is 200r/min and add coagulating agent ferron (iron(ic) chloride or bodied ferric sulfate), solution is transformed into colourless i.e. pH < 9.4 by blueness, now drip the phenolphthalein 90% ethanolic soln indicator 3-10 of mass concentration 5 ‰ in the solution, solution is bright red, adding coagulating agent ferron while continuing to stir makes solution become incarnadine i.e. control pH >=8 by bright red, middling speed 120r/min stirs 4.5min, 30r/min stirs 10min at a slow speed, leave standstill 20 minutes, sedimentation centrifugal removing are containing cadmium throw out,
D, water outlet adjust pH: sedimentation after coagulation centrifugal removing make solution incarnadine become colourless containing acid adding (sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid) in cadmium throw out solution, and pH < 8.0 can discharge.
The present invention uses acid base indicator thymolphthalein indicator and phenolphthalein indicator, by to the oxyhydroxide character of cadmium, the carbonate character of cadmium and the water-disintegrable Quality Research of iron(ic) chloride, thymolphthalein indicator is utilized to become blue by colourless, change is obviously easily observed, thymolphthalein color change interval pH value 9.4-10.6, well can indicate actual value and pH >=9.4 of pH value of solution, the cadmium be conducive in solution forms cadmium hydroxide precipitation; Continuing to add 5-50mg/L carbonate makes remaining cadmium form cadmium carbonate particle; Then add ferron, utilize ferron good coagulation to be removed by the throw out coagulating sedimentation of cadmium, but due to ferron hydrolysis make pH value decline simultaneously cadmium dissolution precipitation equilibrium concentration and pH value relevant (during pH=7.8, Cd=0.0051mg/L; During pH >=8.0, Cd≤0.0032mg/L.), therefore coagulation process adds coagulating agent ferron while stirring speed governing 200r/min after adopting precipitin reaction, solution is transformed into colourless i.e. pH < 9.4 by blueness, now dripping phenolphthalein indicator solution is in the solution bright red, adding coagulating agent ferron while continuing to stir makes solution become incarnadine i.e. control pH >=8 by bright red, sedimentation after coagulation centrifugal removing, containing cadmium throw out solution, remove the Trace Cadmium (Cd≤0.0032mg/L) in cadmium-containing solution substantially completely; Water outlet adjust pH can sedimentation centrifugal removing make solution incarnadine become colourless i.e. pH < 8.0 containing acid adding in cadmium throw out solution can to discharge after coagulation.
Advantage of the present invention utilizes acid base indicator thymolphthalein indicator and phenolphthalein indicator effectively to control the pH value be suitable for cleverly, avoid and use pH test paper to have the systematic error that has of colour developing error or pH meter can not obtain accurate pH value, make a large amount of cadmiums can form cadmium hydroxide precipitation, the add-on of control alkali that again can be suitable, guarantee after adding carbonate remaining cadmium form cadmium carbonate particle as far as possible, cadmium Cd≤0.0032mg/L in solution, ferron good coagulation is utilized to be removed by the throw out coagulating sedimentation of cadmium, and sedimentation centrifugal removing make solution incarnadine become colourless containing acid adding in cadmium throw out solution after coagulation, pH < 8.0 can discharge.
The present invention and patent " a kind of method removing Trace Cadmium in the aqueous solution " (Authorization Notice No. CN 102249450B) contrast, equally there is raw materials used economy be easy to get, do not add any containing harmful element in system, the wastewater treatment time is short, because that it changes the scope of operating method and control ph, varieties of reagent amount is reduced, reagent dosage reduces, waste residue generation reduces, operation is simple and cost is low, do not need after coagulation to increase the equipment such as ion-exchange or membrane sepn, cadmium content less (Cd≤0.0032mg/L) in the aqueous solution after process, the local sector meeting major river valley and water surrounding sensitive area performs the requirement of " water environment quality standard " (GB 3838-2002) II class standard or " drinking water sanitary standard " (GB 5749-2005) (Cd≤0.005mg/L) to the emission limit of manufacturing enterprise's cadmium.The present invention is a kind of environmentally friendly treatment process, can be widely used in the process of the cadmium wastewater that the fields such as ore dressing, metallurgy, metal-processing industry, Electroplating Operations, curriery and textile industry are discharged.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: measure the aqueous solution 1L that cadmium content is 50mg/L, the thymolphthalein 90% ethanolic soln indicator 3 of mass concentration 1 ‰ is dripped at the aqueous solution, then calcium hydroxide mass concentration 10% solution regulator solution is used, solution is transformed into blueness by colourless, solution ph and pH >=9.4, add 5mg sodium carbonate mixing speed 600r/min, after time 1min reacts, adding coagulating agent iron(ic) chloride while stirring speed governing 200r/min makes solution be transformed into colourless i.e. pH < 9.4 by blueness, drip the phenolphthalein 90% ethanolic soln indicator 10 of mass concentration 5 ‰ in the solution, adding coagulating agent iron(ic) chloride while continuing to stir makes solution become incarnadine by bright red, i.e. control pH >=8, middling speed 120r/min stirs 4.5min, low speed 30r/min stirs 10min, leave standstill 20 minutes, sedimentation centrifugal removing are containing cadmium throw out, solution incarnadine is made to become colourless in removing containing adding sulfuric acid in cadmium throw out solution, i.e. pH value < 8, water outlet cadmium concentration is 0.0031mg/L, reaches the requirement of " water environment quality standard " (GB 3838-2002) II class standard or " drinking water sanitary standard " (GB 5749-2005) (Cd≤0.005mg/L).
Embodiment 2: measure the aqueous solution 1L that cadmium content is 50mg/L, the thymolphthalein 90% ethanolic soln indicator 6 of mass concentration 1 ‰ is dripped at the aqueous solution, then sodium hydroxide solution regulator solution is used, solution is transformed into blueness by colourless, solution ph and pH >=9.4, add 50mg sodium carbonate mixing speed 600r/min, after time 10min reacts, add coagulating agent ferric chloride Solution while stirring speed governing 200r/min and be transformed into colourless i.e. pH < 9.4 by blueness, drip the phenolphthalein 90% ethanolic soln indicator 6 of mass concentration 5 ‰ in the solution, adding coagulating agent iron(ic) chloride while continuing to stir makes solution become incarnadine by bright red, i.e. control pH >=8, middling speed 120r/min stirs 4.5min, low speed 30r/min stirs 10min, leave standstill 20 minutes, sedimentation centrifugal removing are containing cadmium throw out.Solution incarnadine is made to become colourless in removing containing adding hydrochloric acid in cadmium throw out solution, i.e. pH value < 8, water outlet cadmium concentration is 0.0029mg/L, reaches the requirement of " water environment quality standard " (GB 3838-2002) II class standard or " drinking water sanitary standard " (GB 5749-2005) (Cd≤0.005mg/L).
Embodiment 3: measure the aqueous solution 1L that cadmium content is 50mg/L, the phenolphthalein 90% ethanolic soln indicator 10 of mass concentration 5 ‰ is dripped at the aqueous solution, then sodium hydroxide solution regulator solution is used, solution is transformed into blueness by colourless, solution ph and pH >=9.4, add 25mg sodium bicarbonate mixing speed 600r/min, after time 5min reacts, adding coagulant polymeric ferrum sulfuricum oxydatum solutum while stirring speed governing 200r/min is transformed into colourless by blueness, i.e. pH < 9.4, drip the phenolphthalein 90% ethanolic soln indicator 3 of mass concentration 5 ‰ in the solution, adding coagulant polymeric ferric sulfate while continuing to stir makes solution become incarnadine by bright red, i.e. control pH >=8, middling speed 120r/min stirs 4.5min, low speed 30r/min stirs 10min, leave standstill 20 minutes, sedimentation centrifugal removing are containing cadmium throw out.Solution incarnadine is made to become colourless i.e. pH value < 8 in removing containing adding hydrochloric acid in cadmium throw out solution, water outlet cadmium concentration is 0.0028mg/L, reaches the requirement of " water environment quality standard " (GB 3838-2002) II class standard or " drinking water sanitary standard " (GB 5749-2005) (Cd≤0.005mg/L).
Claims (2)
1. remove a method for Trace Cadmium in the aqueous solution, comprise the following steps:
A, adjust pH: the thymolphthalein 90% ethanolic soln indicator 3-10 first dripping mass concentration 1 ‰ in containing the cadmic pending aqueous solution, then solution is adjusted to make solution be transformed into blueness by colourless, pH value >=9.4 of solution with sodium hydroxide or calcium hydroxide alkali;
B, precipitin reaction: add sodium carbonate or sodium bicarbonate precipitation agent 5-50mg/L, mixing speed 600r/min to the cadmic pending aqueous solution that contains mixing up pH value >=9.4, the time, 1-10min reacted;
C, coagulation: after precipitin reaction, stir while speed governing is 200r/min and add iron(ic) chloride or bodied ferric sulfate coagulating agent, solution is transformed into colourless i.e. pH < 9.4 by blueness, now drip the phenolphthalein 90% ethanolic soln indicator 3-10 of mass concentration 5 ‰ in the solution, solution is bright red, adding coagulating agent ferron while continuing to stir makes solution become incarnadine i.e. control pH >=8 by bright red, middling speed 120r/min stirs 4.5min, 30r/min stirs 10min at a slow speed, leave standstill 20 minutes, sedimentation centrifugal removing are containing cadmium throw out;
D, water outlet adjust pH: sedimentation after coagulation centrifugal removing are containing adding sulfuric acid in cadmium throw out solution or hydrochloric acid makes solution incarnadine become colourless, and pH < 8.0 can discharge.
2. a kind of method removing Trace Cadmium in the aqueous solution according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: preferred version is: measure the aqueous solution 1L that cadmium content is 50mg/L, the thymolphthalein 90% ethanolic soln indicator 3 of mass concentration 1 ‰ is dripped at the aqueous solution, then be 10% aqua calcis regulator solution by mass concentration, solution is transformed into blueness by colourless, solution ph and pH >=9.4, add 5mg sodium carbonate, mixing speed 600r/min, after time 1min reacts, adding coagulating agent iron(ic) chloride while stirring speed governing 200r/min, that solution is transformed into by blueness is colourless, i.e. pH < 9.4, drip the phenolphthalein 90% ethanolic soln indicator 10 of mass concentration 5 ‰ in the solution, adding coagulating agent iron(ic) chloride while continuing to stir makes solution become incarnadine by bright red, i.e. control pH >=8, middling speed 120r/min stirs 4.5min, low speed 30r/min stirs 10min, leave standstill 20 minutes, sedimentation centrifugal removing are containing cadmium throw out, solution incarnadine is made to become colourless in removing containing adding sulfuric acid in cadmium throw out solution, i.e. pH value < 8, water outlet cadmium concentration is 0.0031mg/L, reaches the requirement of GB 3838-2002 " water environment quality standard " II class standard or GB5749-2005 " drinking water sanitary standard " Cd≤0.005mg/L.
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Citations (7)
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| CN102249450A (en) * | 2011-05-11 | 2011-11-23 | 天津理工大学 | Method for removing trace cadmium from aqueous solution |
| CN103723859A (en) * | 2013-12-23 | 2014-04-16 | 南京工程学院 | Method for efficiently removing lead ions and cadmium ions in reverse-osmosis concentrated water |
-
2014
- 2014-12-04 CN CN201410728971.8A patent/CN104478129B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (7)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3725266A (en) * | 1971-08-12 | 1973-04-03 | Haviland Prod Co | Process for removing metal compound contaminants from waste water |
| CN1270146A (en) * | 1999-04-08 | 2000-10-18 | 柳州市环境保护科学研究所 | Process for treating sewage containing Zn and Cd |
| CN101215059A (en) * | 2008-01-11 | 2008-07-09 | 清华大学 | Alkaline chemical deposition treatment method for overproof metal pollution in water |
| CN101624242A (en) * | 2009-04-17 | 2010-01-13 | 湖南金环颜料有限公司 | Cadmium-containing waste water sulfur-free treatment process |
| CN101691261A (en) * | 2009-09-15 | 2010-04-07 | 西部金属材料股份有限公司 | Method for treating cadmium-containing waste liquid from a process of recovering silver-indium-cadmium alloy |
| CN102249450A (en) * | 2011-05-11 | 2011-11-23 | 天津理工大学 | Method for removing trace cadmium from aqueous solution |
| CN103723859A (en) * | 2013-12-23 | 2014-04-16 | 南京工程学院 | Method for efficiently removing lead ions and cadmium ions in reverse-osmosis concentrated water |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 徐永华等: "含镉废水处理与回收技术", 《工业水处理》 * |
| 翁德会等: "《分析化学》", 31 March 2013 * |
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