CN104470058B - A kind of control method of subregion lighting energy-saving switch control system - Google Patents

A kind of control method of subregion lighting energy-saving switch control system Download PDF

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CN104470058B
CN104470058B CN201410531419.XA CN201410531419A CN104470058B CN 104470058 B CN104470058 B CN 104470058B CN 201410531419 A CN201410531419 A CN 201410531419A CN 104470058 B CN104470058 B CN 104470058B
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microcontroller
image
region
illumination
photographic head
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CN104470058A (en
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沈勇
王丽
陈小龙
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Jiangsu Jin Bi Tian system integration Co., Ltd.
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Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of control method of subregion lighting energy-saving switch control system.Methods described based on system be made up of at least one photographic head, at least one human body sensor, microcontroller, at least one relay and some electric lights and computer.Wherein described photographic head is connected with microcontroller by USB interface, and human body sensor and relay are connected with microcontroller by GPIO mouths;Brightness calculation program module, Image semantic classification program module and image processing program module are embedded with the microcontroller;Microcontroller passes through USB interface or serial ports is connected with computer;Contain system parameter settings program module in the computer.Methods described is, based on image processing techniquess, to introduce subregion illumination mechanism, realize that subregion is illuminated, with the electric light of walking about for people, automatic switch someone and no man's land.The present invention follows illumination by subregion illumination and human body, is not only prevented effectively from a large amount of wastes of electric energy, and realizes intelligent lighting.

Description

A kind of control method of subregion lighting energy-saving switch control system
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of power down switch, more particularly to a kind of subregion lighting energy saving based on image procossing is opened Close control system and its control method.
Background technology
In life, the use of electric light is very universal, and giving people to live brings very big convenience, but wasting phenomenon Extremely serious, especially in public places, people generally actively will not turn off the light.Often there is both of these case:One is indoor No one, lamp but light yellow;Two is that larger space only has a small amount of people, and indoor electric lamps whole light yellow.Both of these case can all cause electricity The significant wastage of energy.Therefore, the demand of more intelligentized power down switch becomes increasingly conspicuous.
At present, conventional power down switch has:Light-operated switch, audio-switch, human body sensing (thermal infrared) switch.Light-operated switch Typically it is used for aiding in what audio-switch and human body sensing (thermal infrared) were switched.
Audio-switch is widely used to the places such as corridor, but this control mode is indoors, such as room for individual study, library etc. It is improper where quieter, and audio-switch easily disturbed by other sound sources, such as thunder, firecracker etc..Such as patent Shen Please number for 201110214279.X " a kind of control device of light switch ", by sound detection whether someone, realize nobody When automatic cut-off switch, so as to reach the effect of energy-conservation.But, the method is easily disturbed by noise, and in quiet situation Under, switch is easily closed automatically, is not convenient to use.
For human body sensing (thermal infrared) switch, such as number of patent application be 201110275818.0 " a kind of energy-conservation is automatic Illuminating switch system ", the switch of the strength control illuminator by sensing human body infrared and indoor light, realizes that someone walks When entering room and excessively weak indoor light, illuminator is opened, when personnel withdraw from a room or indoor light brightness is stronger, close power supply Device.But human body induction module can perceive human body thermal infrared, it is impossible to judge human motion direction, enter or withdraw from a room easily by mistake Sentence;And no matter personnel are how many, whole room lighting is fully open, causes the waste of electric energy.
To sum up, existing power down switch has been primarily present following problem:One is less stable, easily by environmental disturbances; Two is to realize subregion illumination on demand, even if one-man, the fully open situation of whole room lighting also occurs;Three It is intelligent relatively low, it is impossible to follow walking about for indoor occupant to be illuminated.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention and the technical problem for solving are the defects existed for prior art, are illuminated for public place A kind of subregion lighting energy-saving switch control system and its control method are proposed, based on image processing techniquess, and subregion illumination is introduced Mechanism, realizes that someone enters place, and during indoor light deficiency, electric light is automatically opened up;After electric light is opened, taken the photograph by high definition As each illumination region whether someone in head automatic detection room, realize that subregion illumination (that is, is opened the electric light in someone region, closes nothing The electric light in people region);With walking about for personnel, the electric light of human body region is automatically opened up.By subregion illumination and human body with With illumination, the waste of electric energy can not only be prevented effectively from, and realizes intelligent lighting.
In order to realize above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme is that:
A kind of subregion lighting energy-saving switch control system, by least one photographic head 1, at least one human body sensor 2, Microcontroller 3, at least one relay 4 and some electric lights and computer composition.Wherein described photographic head 1 by USB interface with Microcontroller 3 is connected, and human body sensor 2, relay 4 are connected with microcontroller 3 by GPIO mouths;The microcontroller 3 In be embedded with brightness calculation program module, Image semantic classification program module, image processing program module;Microcontroller 3 passes through USB Interface or serial ports are connected with computer;There is system parameter settings program module in the computer, carry out the setting of systematic parameter; Systematic parameter is stored in the ROM of microcontroller 3.
The photographic head 1 adopts CCD high-definition cameras, for gathering off-the-air picture picture.
The human body sensor 2 adopts RE200B infrared human body heat releasing electric transducers, near door, is used for Detect whether that someone gets in.
Flush bonding processor of the microcontroller 3 using the ARM11 cores containing USB interface, GPIO interface and serial ports.
The relay 4 adopts electromagnetic relay G5V-1.
In order to realize above-mentioned purpose, another technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of control method of subregion lighting energy-saving switch control system of the present invention, step are as follows:
1) when someone comes into place, it is red that the arbitrary human body sensor in human body sensor 2 receives human body External radiation, sends signal to microcontroller 3;
2) 3 initialisation image relief area of microcontroller, opens photographic head 1;
3) collection of photographic head 1 off-the-air picture picture, and microcontroller 3 is sent images to, set according to illumination region template Fixed each zonal basis image;
4) the brightness calculation program module in microcontroller 3 calculates brightness of image, when brightness of image is less than the brightness of setting Threshold value, then 3 sending signal control relay of microcontroller 4 open human body and close on the electric light of illumination region, go to step 5), work as image Brightness is not less than the luminance threshold of setting, goes to step 3);
5) photographic head 1 gathered off-the-air picture picture every 10 seconds, and sent images to microcontroller 3;
6) microcontroller 3 carries out gray processing and enhancement process to image by Image semantic classification program module;Microcontroller 3, by image processing program module, each illumination region present image are contrasted with benchmark image, calculate each illumination region Frame difference;When the frame difference limen value for having region to be less than setting, and the image processed within the default monitoring time is both less than frame difference limen Value, then illustrate the region nobody, go to step 8);When there is frame difference limen value of the region more than setting, then region someone is illustrated, should Region present image is defined as its benchmark image, judges the on off state of the region relay 4, when the region electric light is opened, Go to step 5), when the region electric light is not switched on, go to step 7);The monitoring time is 5 minutes;
7) microcontroller 3 sends signal, and the relay 4 for controlling the region opens the electric light in the region, goes to step 5);
8) microcontroller 3 sends signal, and the relay 4 for controlling the region cuts out the electric light in the region;When all regions all Nobody, then microcontroller 3 sends signal, closes photographic head 1, and 5) system dormancy otherwise, goes to step.
Step 3 described above) the illumination region template drawn by the illumination zone of electric light controlled with each relay Divide illumination region, and demarcated by illumination region template.
Illumination region scaling method, step are as follows:
1) collection of photographic head 1 off-the-air picture picture, and send images to microcontroller 3;
2) image of each photographic head is sent to computer by microcontroller 3;
3) computer user is grouped situation according to the actual illumination of electric light, demarcates each illumination by system parameter settings program The boundary position in region, arranges the frame difference limen value in the region, and each illumination region boundary coordinate parameter and threshold parameter is sent To microcontroller 3;
4) microcontroller 3 is stored in each illumination region boundary coordinate parameter and threshold parameter in the ROM of microcontroller 3, shape Into illumination region template.
Step 4 described above) described in brightness calculation program module calculate brightness of image method be:First picture by Rgb space is transformed into HSL spaces, and L * component represents brightness, carries out mean computings twice to the L * component of image, has obtained a figure The mean flow rate of picture.
Step 6 described above) in frame difference limen value, can determine according to photographic head precision and installation site that each region frame is poor The size of threshold value.After photographic head is fixed, the company of the frames differencing of human body minor motion will can be perceived in the range of camera head monitor Continuous pixel minimum is used as frame difference limen value.Frame difference limen value is set, can also rejection image noise and illumination variation impact.
Beneficial effect:A kind of subregion lighting energy-saving switch control system and its control method of the present invention, at image The method of reason controls the opening and closing of electric light, so as to reach energy-conservation detecting the brightness in public place room and whether someone Effect.
Energy Saving Benefit Analysis:Assume that a school there are 5 building teaching buildings, there are 40 classrooms per building teaching building, each classroom face Product is about 100m2, lighting load is usually 1kW.If people does not actively turn off the light after walking, the electric energy that a classroom wastes for a hour For 1 degree, 200 degree of electric energy can be saved within 1 hour using the present invention.And illuminated using subregion, it is prevented effectively from the wave of no man's land electric energy Take.If the system is generalized to other public places, energy-saving benefit is very considerable.
The characteristics of of the invention, has:
1. realize that subregion is illuminated.The illumination zone of the lamp controlled according to each relay carries out region division, and often Individual region is corresponding with the relay in the region, realizes the area illumination of electric light and closes, further saves energy.
2. realize following human body illumination.As human body is walked about, human body region change, if moving towards from illumination region Non- illumination region, non-illumination region detect region someone, automatically open up the region electric light.The lighting area that human body was originally located Domain detect the region nobody when, through setting the monitoring time after, be automatically switched off the electric light in the region, improve Lighting control It is intelligent.
3. the present invention recognizes in illumination region whether someone using image processing techniquess, is not done by sound, infra-red radiation Disturb, stability is strong.
4. it is by the parameter setting process of computer come initialization system parameter, convenient to be repaiied according to actual environment or requirement Change, improve the motility of system.
5. embedded system technology, low in energy consumption, low cost are adopted.It is computed, in only one of which photographic head, the system exists The electric energy consumed during normal work is only 1W, negligible.
The present invention is applied to the public place of large space, such as public classroom, library etc..By setting up photographic head, can be with The careat of increase system monitoring;By setting up human body sensor, the place of many import and export is adapted to.It is of the invention same Sample is suitable for the Energy Saving Control to other electrical equipment such as air-conditioning, electric fans.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of theory diagram of subregion lighting energy-saving switch control system of the invention;
In figure:1. photographic head, 2. human body sensor, 3. microcontroller, 4. relay.
Fig. 2 is a kind of flow chart of subregion lighting energy-saving switch control method of the invention;
Fig. 3 is a kind of flow chart of illumination region scaling method of the invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
As shown in figure 1, a kind of subregion lighting energy-saving switch control system, by least one photographic head 1, at least one people's body-sensing Inductive sensing device 2, microcontroller 3, at least one relay 4 and some electric lights and computer composition.Wherein described photographic head 1 leads to Cross USB interface to be connected with microcontroller 3, human body sensor 2, relay 4 are connected with microcontroller 3 by GPIO mouths;Institute Brightness calculation program module, Image semantic classification program module, image processing program module are embedded with stating microcontroller 3;Micro-control Device processed 3 passes through USB interface or serial ports is connected with computer;There is system parameter settings program module in the computer, be The setting of system parameter;Systematic parameter is stored in the ROM of microcontroller 3.
The photographic head 1 uses CCD camera, high definition, arrives multiple photographic head containing 1, for irregular or have The room of pillar, photographic head sight line are easily blocked, and using multiple photographic head, can cover all blind areas.
The human body sensor 2 adopts RE200B infrared human body heat releasing electric transducers, and sensitivity is strong, installed in each At doorway, detect whether that someone enters.In whole system dormancy, pyroelectric infrared sensor is in running order, when infrared Pyroelectric sensor detects someone into after, just into resting state;Until it is indoor nobody, pyroelectric infrared sensor is again Into working condition.
Flush bonding processor of the microcontroller 3 using ARM11 cores, containing USB interface, GPIO interface and serial ports, can The each module of connection system.
The relay 4 adopts electromagnetic relay G5V-1, for controlling the switch of electric light.
As shown in Fig. 2 a kind of subregion lighting energy-saving switch control method, step is as follows:
1) when someone comes into place, it is red that the arbitrary human body sensor in human body sensor 2 receives human body External radiation, sends signal to microcontroller 3;
2) 3 initialisation image relief area of microcontroller, opens photographic head 1;
3) collection of photographic head 1 off-the-air picture picture, and microcontroller 3 is sent images to, set according to illumination region template Fixed each zonal basis image;
4) the brightness calculation program module in microcontroller 3 calculates brightness of image, when brightness of image is less than the brightness of setting Threshold value, then 3 sending signal control relay of microcontroller 4 open human body and close on the electric light of illumination region, go to step 5), work as image Brightness is not less than the luminance threshold of setting, goes to step 3);
5) photographic head 1 gathered off-the-air picture picture every 10 seconds, and sent images to microcontroller 3;
6) microcontroller 3 carries out gray processing and enhancement process to image by Image semantic classification program module;Microcontroller 3, by image processing program module, each illumination region present image are contrasted with benchmark image, calculate each illumination region Frame difference;When the frame difference limen value for having region to be less than setting, and the image processed within the default monitoring time is both less than frame difference limen Value, then illustrate the region nobody, go to step 8);When there is frame difference limen value of the region more than setting, then region someone is illustrated, should Region present image is defined as its benchmark image, judges the on off state of the region relay 4, when the region electric light is opened, Go to step 5), when the region electric light is not switched on, go to step 7);The monitoring time is 5 minutes;
7) microcontroller 3 sends signal, and the relay 4 for controlling the region opens the electric light in the region, goes to step 5);
8) microcontroller 3 sends signal, and the relay 4 for controlling the region cuts out the electric light in the region;When all regions all Nobody, then microcontroller 3 sends signal, closes photographic head 1, and 5) system dormancy otherwise, goes to step.
Step 3 described above) the illumination region template drawn by the illumination zone of electric light controlled with each relay Divide illumination region, and demarcated by illumination region template.
As shown in figure 3, a kind of illumination region scaling method, step is as follows:
1) collection of photographic head 1 off-the-air picture picture, and send images to microcontroller 3;
2) image of each photographic head is sent to computer by microcontroller 3;
3) computer user is grouped situation according to the actual illumination of electric light, demarcates each illumination by system parameter settings program The boundary position in region, arranges the frame difference limen value in the region, and each illumination region boundary coordinate parameter and threshold parameter is sent To microcontroller 3;
4) microcontroller 3 is stored in each illumination region boundary coordinate parameter and threshold parameter in the ROM of microcontroller 3, shape Into illumination region template.
If there is nobody's scene that but image changes always, such as the position at the place such as clock and watch, fan, local can be set and drawn Face shields, it is to avoid system erroneous judgement.
Step 4 described above) described in brightness calculation program module calculate brightness of image method be:First picture by Rgb space is transformed into HSL spaces, and L * component represents brightness, carries out mean computings twice to the L * component of image, has obtained a figure The mean flow rate of picture.
Step 4 described above) in the determination method of luminance threshold be:After photographic head is fixed, critical illumination condition is shot Under image, calculate the mean flow rate of the image, the average brightness value be set to into luminance threshold.
Step 6 described above) in the computational methods of frame difference be:The pixel value of present image and the pixel of benchmark image Value is subtracted each other one by one, the pixel that labelling pixel is changed, and obtains frames differencing.
Step 6 described above) in frame difference limen value, can determine according to photographic head precision and installation site that each region frame is poor The size of threshold value.After photographic head is fixed, the company of the frames differencing of human body minor motion will can be perceived in the range of camera head monitor Continuous pixel minimum is used as frame difference limen value.Frame difference limen value is set, can also rejection image noise and illumination variation impact.
If after electric light is opened, As time goes on, indoor appearance well-lighted situation without light, such as from evening To daytime, clock control can be set, electric light is closed.
Public place is fitted with monitoring camera mostly.The present invention can utilize existing monitoring camera, make full use of existing There is resource.
Using method
By taking classroom as an example, photographic head installation back upper place indoors, human body sensor are separately mounted to two and are entered Door doorway.Classroom interior lighting device is divided into into 4 regions, respectively a-quadrant, B regions, C regions and D regions.Have respectively 4 after The opening and closing of the electric light in this 4 regions of electrical equipment control.
Using front, computer is connected into microcontroller, initialization system parameter.
1. personnel enter classroom, if insufficient light, electric light is automatically opened up;
2. picture in photographic head timing acquiring classroom, realizes that subregion is illuminated, opens illumination in the region of someone;
3. personnel move towards non-illumination region from illumination region, and the electric light of non-illumination region is opened automatically with the movement of human body Open;
4., when all personnel leaves classroom, classroom intraoral illumination is closed.
The present embodiment is the more excellent embodiment of the present invention, it should be noted that without departing substantially from spirit of the invention and its In the case of essence, those of ordinary skill in the art work as and can make various corresponding changes and deformation, but this according to the present invention A little changes and deformation should all belong to the protection domain of appended claims of the invention.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of control method of subregion lighting energy-saving switch control system, based on control system by least one photographic head (1), at least one human body sensor (2), microcontroller (3), at least one relay (4) and some electric lights and computer Composition;Wherein described photographic head (1) is connected with microcontroller (3) by USB interface, the human body sensor (2) and institute State relay (4) to be connected with microcontroller (3) by GPIO mouths;Brightness calculation program mould is embedded with the microcontroller (3) Block, Image semantic classification program module and image processing program module;Microcontroller (3) is by USB interface or serial ports and computer It is connected;Including in the computer carries out the system parameter settings program module of system parameter settings;It is characterized in that, it is described Control method comprise the steps:
1) when someone comes into place, arbitrary human body sensor (2) receives human infrared radiation, to microcontroller (3) Send signal;
2) microcontroller (3) initialisation image relief area, opens photographic head (1);
3) photographic head (1) collection off-the-air picture picture, and microcontroller (3) is sent images to, set according to illumination region template Fixed each zonal basis image;
4) the brightness calculation program module in microcontroller (3) calculates brightness of image, when brightness of image is less than the luminance threshold of setting It is worth, then microcontroller (3) sending signal control relay (4) opens the electric light that human body closes on illumination region, goes to step 5), works as figure Image brightness is not less than the luminance threshold of setting, goes to step 3);
5) photographic head (1) gathered off-the-air picture picture every 10 seconds, and sent images to microcontroller (3);
6) microcontroller (3) carries out gray processing and enhancement process to image by Image semantic classification program module;Microcontroller (3) by image processing program module, each illumination region present image is contrasted with benchmark image, is calculated each illumination region Frame difference;When the frame difference limen value for having region to be less than setting, and the image processed within the default monitoring time both less than frame is poor Threshold value, then illustrate the region nobody, go to step 8);When there is frame difference limen value of the region more than setting, then region someone is illustrated, will The region present image is defined as its benchmark image, judges the on off state of the region relay (4), when the region electric light is beaten Open, go to step 5), when the region electric light is not switched on, go to step 7);The monitoring time is 5 minutes;
7) microcontroller (3) sends signal, and the relay (4) for controlling the region opens the electric light in the region, goes to step 5);
8) microcontroller (3) sends signal, and the relay (4) for controlling the region cuts out the electric light in the region;When all regions all Nobody, then microcontroller (3) sends signal, closes photographic head (1), and 5) system dormancy otherwise, goes to step.
2. the control method of subregion lighting energy-saving switch control system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the step 3) the illumination region template divides illumination region by the illumination zone of the electric light controlled with each relay, and by illumination Region template is demarcated.
3. the control method of subregion lighting energy-saving switch control system according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described Illumination region template scaling method, step is as follows:
(A) photographic head (1) collection off-the-air picture picture, and send images to microcontroller (3);
(B) image of each photographic head is sent to computer by microcontroller (3);
(C) computer user is grouped situation according to the actual illumination of electric light, demarcates each lighting area by system parameter settings program The boundary position in domain, arranges the frame difference limen value in the region, and each illumination region boundary coordinate parameter and threshold parameter is sent to Microcontroller (3);
(D) microcontroller (3) is stored in each illumination region boundary coordinate parameter and threshold parameter in the ROM of microcontroller (3), shape Into illumination region template.
4. the control method of subregion lighting energy-saving switch control system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step 4) in Described brightness calculation program module calculates the method for brightness of image, and picture is transformed into HSL spaces by rgb space first, and L divides Amount represents brightness, carries out mean computings twice to the L * component of image, has obtained the mean flow rate of an image.
5. the control method of subregion lighting energy-saving switch control system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step 6) in The size of described frame difference limen value is determined according to photographic head precision and installation site;After photographic head is fixed, will shooting The contiguous pixels minima of frames differencing of human body minor motion can be perceived in head monitoring range as frame difference limen value, frame is set Difference limen value, can also rejection image noise and illumination variation impact.
6. the control method of subregion lighting energy-saving switch control system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the shooting Head (1) using CCD high-definition cameras, for gathering off-the-air picture picture.
7. the control method of subregion lighting energy-saving switch control system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the human body Inductive transducer (2) using RE200B infrared human body heat releasing electric transducers, near door, for detecting whether someone enters Enter interior.
8. the control method of subregion lighting energy-saving switch control system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the micro-control Device (3) processed is the flush bonding processor of the ARM11 cores containing USB interface, GPIO interface and serial ports.
9. the control method of subregion lighting energy-saving switch control system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the relay Device (4) is electromagnetic relay G5V-1.
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