CN104469372B - Method and system for the light field image for compressing microlens array acquisition - Google Patents
Method and system for the light field image for compressing microlens array acquisition Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of method and system for compressing the light field image of microlens array acquisition, the method includes：Several micro- images are decomposited from light field image, wherein the pixel of same position forms in all macro block of pixels of the every micro- image by forming the light field image；Several described micro- images are ranked up and synthesize lossless video file in the order；And the video file is compressed using the method based on Video coding.The present invention is suitable for compressing the light field image obtained by microlens array, can reach higher compression ratio, and have preferable compression performance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the treatment technologies to light field image, and in particular to a kind of light for compressing microlens array acquisition
The method and system of field picture.
Background technology
Light field is the summation of the light of any position any direction in space, and light field image can pass through following two modes
It obtains：It is acquired by general camera array acquisition or by light-field camera (it is with microlens array).Pass through general camera
Array can get the two-dimensional array using two dimensional image as element, and wherein each image represents the optical information under different visual angles；And
What is obtained by light-field camera is a width using macro block of pixels as the larger-size image of unit, same macro pixel difference in the block
Pixel represents optical information of the same object point under different visual angles.
Since light field image size is larger, in order to save memory space, it will usually be compressed to light field image.It is existing
Light field image compression method mainly has six classes：Method based on vector quantization, the method based on transformation, the side based on Video coding
Method, the method based on disparity compensation, and the method based on multifocal point image.However, the processing of these light field image compression methods
It is by general camera array acquisition using two dimensional image as the two-dimensional matrix of unit, compression cannot be used directly to mostly by lenticule
The light field image of array acquisition.Wherein, based on the method for Video coding by removing the phase in same visual angle between different visual angles
Closing property achievees the purpose that compression, and the light field image that several light-field cameras acquire sequentially directly is arranged in multiframe and is regarded
Frequently, then using the method based on Video coding compressed.However, compression ratio and compression quality in this way is relatively low.
With popularizing for light-field camera, how to compress the light field image obtained by microlens array and reach higher compression
Rate and preferable compression performance are current problems to be solved.
Invention content
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a kind of method for compressing the light field image of microlens array acquisition.It should
Method includes：
Step 1) decomposites several micro- images from light field image；Wherein, every micro- image is by forming the light field image
The pixel composition of same position in all macro block of pixels；
Several described micro- images are ranked up and synthesize video file in the order by step 2)；
Step 3) compresses the video file using the method based on Video coding.
In the above method, step 1) includes that each pixel position of all macro block of pixels for forming light field image is held
Row following steps：
The pixel for taking out the position in all macro block of pixels constitutes micro- image so that the pixel of taking-up is in micro- image
In position and the pixel belonging to position consistency of the macro block of pixels in the light field image.
In the above method, step 2) includes：
Step 21), according to the correlation between micro- image to several micro- images for being decomposited from the light field image into
Row sequence；
Several micro- images are sequentially synthesized video file by step 22) according to this.
In one embodiment, it in step 21), for macro pixel each pixel position in the block, is opened from central point
Begin up time needle sort from inside to outside；According to the sequence of each pixel position, obtain being made of the pixel from the position
The sequence of micro- image.
In another embodiment, in step 21), for macro pixel each pixel position in the block, from central point
Start inverse time needle sort from inside to outside；According to the sequence of each pixel position, obtain being made of the pixel from the position
Micro- image sequence.
In yet another embodiment, in step 21), for macro pixel each pixel position in the block, from the upper left corner
Start to be ranked up from left to right, from the top down；According to the sequence of each pixel position, obtain by the pixel from the position
The sequence of micro- image of point composition.
In the above method, the video file is lossless video file.
According to one embodiment of present invention, a kind of side for compressing the light field image of microlens array acquisition is also provided
Method, including：
Step A), for every width light field image in several light field images, several micro- figures are decomposited from the light field image
Picture, wherein the pixel of same position forms in all macro block of pixels of the every micro- image by forming the light field image；
Step B), for every width light field image in several described light field images, by what is decomposited from the light field image
Several micro- images are ranked up and synthesize video file corresponding with the light field image in the order；
Step C), multiple video files corresponding with several described light field images are connected into a video file；
Step D), using the method based on Video coding video file obtained in the previous step is compressed.
In the above method, in step C) in, it will be corresponding with every width light field image according to the acquisition time sequence of light field image
Video file connect into a video file.
According to one embodiment of present invention, also providing a kind of light field image for compressing microlens array acquisition is
System, including：
Equipment for decompositing several micro- images from light field image；Wherein, every micro- image is by forming the light field figure
The pixel composition of same position in all macro block of pixels of picture；
Equipment for being ranked up by several described micro- images and synthesizing video file in the order；For using base
In the equipment that the method for Video coding compresses the video file.
The present invention is suitable for compressing the light field image obtained by microlens array, multiple micro- by the way that light field image to be decomposed into
Image and it is ranked up merging so that the correlation between the adjacent micro- image to have sorted is larger, convenient for subsequently using being based on
The method of Video coding compresses it.Higher compression ratio can be reached using the present invention, and there is preferable compressibility
Energy.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the method flow according to an embodiment of the invention for compressing the light field image of microlens array acquisition
Figure；
Fig. 2 (a) is the width light field image according to an embodiment of the invention acquired by microlens array；
Fig. 2 (b) is the 121 micro- images decomposed to light field image shown in Fig. 2 (a)；
Fig. 3 is that method and existing method provided by the invention is respectively adopted to several light field figures for being acquired by microlens array
As the compression effectiveness comparison diagram compressed.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.It should be appreciated that described herein specific
Embodiment only to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
According to one embodiment of present invention, a kind of side for compressing the light field image of microlens array acquisition is provided
Method.
With reference to figure 1 and generally, this method includes：The light field image acquired by microlens array is decomposed to obtain
Several micro- images, wherein every micro- image is made of the pixel of same position in all macro block of pixels；By obtain several are micro-
Image is ranked up, and micro- image is sequentially synthesized video file according to this；And using the method based on Video coding
Video file is compressed.
Each step of the compression method is described below for a width light field image.
The first step：The light field image acquired by microlens array is decomposed to obtain several micro- images.
As described above, it is larger-size image using macro block of pixels as unit, a width that microlens array is collected
Light field image is made of multiple macro block of pixels.For example, the ruler formed for the macro block of pixels by 11x11 (unit is pixel)
For the very little light field image for 4147x4147, which includes 377x377 macro block of pixels.
In one embodiment, the realization process of this step is as follows：
For forming all macro block of pixels of a width light field image, takes out in all macro block of pixels and mutually go together same column (i.e.
Same position) pixel constitute one small image (i.e. micro- image).In a preferred embodiment, the pixel of taking-up should be made
Position consistency of position of the point in micro- image with the macro block of pixels belonging to the pixel in light field image.In other embodiment
In, the position of the position of the pixel of taking-up in micro- image and the macro block of pixels belonging to the pixel in light field image can be with
It is inconsistent, but position of the pixel from same macro block of pixels in different micro- images needs unanimously.In this way, may be used
To obtain micro- image corresponding with macro pixel each pixel position in the block.
It according to one embodiment of present invention, can be according to sequence from left to right, from top to bottom for all macro block of pixels
Capture vegetarian refreshments.For example, taking out the pixel in each macro block of pixels at the 1st row of the 1st row first, obtain and the 1st row of macro block of pixels
The corresponding micro- image of 1st row；Then, the pixel at the 2nd row of the 1st row in each macro block of pixels is taken out, is obtained and macro block of pixels
1st row the 2nd arranges corresponding micro- image；And so on.
Second step：Several obtained micro- images are ranked up, and micro- image is sequentially synthesized into video text according to this
Part.
This step includes following two sub-steps：
Step 1 is ranked up according to several the micro- images corresponding with light field image of the correlation pair between micro- image so that
Correlation between adjacent micro- image is larger, in order to be compressed later using the method based on Video coding.Sortord
It may include following several：
(1), rotation sequence
Since every micro- image is corresponding with a macro pixel pixel position in the block (i.e. pixel is derived from the position),
It is convenient for statement, it is ranked up herein by each pixel position in macro block of pixels, to obtain and each pixel position
Sequence between corresponding micro- image.
Rotation sequence refers to being arranged from inside to outside each pixel position since the central pixel point of macro block of pixels
Sequence.For example, since central pixel point, macro pixel all pictures in the block are traversed from inside to outside along direction pivots clockwise or counter-clockwise
Vegetarian refreshments position.The sequence of micro- image corresponding with each pixel position can be obtained according to the sequence of pixel position.
(2), horizontal sequence
Level sequence refers to traversing the pixel point of the row from left to right since the left end of macro block of pixels a line
It sets, and method traverses pixel position of the macro block of pixels per a line like this.
Preferably, each pixel position can be obtained from top to bottom since the upper left corner of macro block of pixels, from left to right
Sequence, to obtain the sequence of corresponding micro- image.
(3), vertical sequence
Vertical sequence refers to the pixel point for traversing the row from up to down since the top of a certain row of macro block of pixels
It sets, and method traverses the pixel position of each row of macro block of pixels like this.
Preferably, each pixel position can from left to right be obtained since the upper left corner of macro block of pixels, from top to bottom
Sequence, to obtain the sequence of corresponding micro- image.
(4), self-defined sequence
Micro- image corresponding with a width light field image can also be arranged according to the sequence pre-defined.
Step 2, after sequence, several corresponding micro- images of light field image are closed as the frame in video in the order
And lossless video file is obtained, such as YUV files.
Third walks：Video file is compressed using the method based on Video coding.
It is compressed it will be understood by those skilled in the art that existing video file compression method may be used.In a reality
It applies in example, the compression of video file is carried out using x264 coding methods, in another embodiment of the present invention, using x265 etc.
Coding method is encoded, to obtain compressed ASCII stream file ASCII.
Above by taking a width light field image as an example, the light field provided by the present invention for compression microlens array acquisition is described
The method of image.In needing to compress the embodiment of several light field images, it can obtain that every width light field image is corresponding to be regarded first
These video files are then synthesized a total video file, then are used to total video file and be based on video by frequency file
The method of coding is compressed.Specifically, include the following steps：
The first step：Each width light field image in several light field images is decomposed, is obtained and every width light field image pair
Several the micro- images answered.The process of decomposition has been explained above, and is not repeated to describe herein.
Second step：For each width light field image, several corresponding micro- images are ranked up, and sequentially will according to this
Several micro- images synthesize video file, to obtain video file corresponding with every width light field image.Wherein, sort method can
Including rotation sequence, horizontal sequence, vertical sequence etc..
Third walks：Obtained all video files are connected, a total video file is synthesized.
Wherein, random order can be used to connect these video files, it in a preferred embodiment, can be according to adopting
The time sequencing for collecting these light field images connects video file corresponding with every width light field image, obtains by multiple light
Total video file that field picture merges.
4th step：Total video file obtained in the previous step is compressed using the method based on Video coding.
Below for using the light field image of 19 3 persons of low position of light-field camera acquisition, according to side provided by the invention
Method specifically describes the process compressed to these light field images, and Fig. 2 (a) is shown in which a width light field image.Wherein, light field
The format of image is BMP, and the size of every width light field image is 4147x4147 and image size is 49.2MB, the ruler of macro block of pixels
Very little is 11x11.
1, since each width light field image has the macro block of pixels of 377x377 11x11, each width light field image can be decomposed
The micro- image for being 377x377 for 11x11 width sizes.
Specifically decomposable process includes：
For the macro block of pixels of 377x377 11x11, by the pixel at each macro pixel the i-th row jth row in the block
Take out (i=1 ... 11；J=1 ..., 11), then 377x377 pixel is shared；By each of this 377x377 pixel
Pixel carries out being arranged to make up a width 377x377 according to position of the macro block of pixels in original light field image belonging to the pixel
Micro- image, the file size of micro- image is 417KB.
Based on above-mentioned decomposition method, according to from left to right, the macro block of pixels of order traversal from top to bottom can then obtain
121 (11x11) micro- image, each micro- image are all corresponding with a position in macro block of pixels.When i is 6 and j is 6, take
The micro- image gone out is as shown in Fig. 2 (b) center images.
2a, for every width light field image, decomposite 121 micro- images are carried out according to clockwise rotation sortord
Rearrangement, rotation sequence mapping table are as shown in table 1.In table 1, the element representation pixel of the i-th row jth row comes from macro picture
Micro- image of plain block the i-th row jth row, element value indicate serial number of the micro- image after rotation is sorted.To come from macro block of pixels
For micro- image that the size that the pixel of 4th row the 6th row is constituted is 377x377, the serial number 15 after rotation sequence.Equally
Ground, by taking the size that the pixel that the 5th row the 5th arranges in macro block of pixels is constituted is micro- image of 377x377 as an example, rotary rowed
Serial number 3 after sequence.
Table 1
3, the micro- image decomposited from each width light field image is synthesized into YUV files according to the sequence sequenced, then each YUV
File includes 121 frame images, and the size of each frame image is 377x377.
4, it by the corresponding YUV files of 19 width light field images, is connected according to the sequencing of light field image acquisition time,
A YUV file for including 2299 (121x19) frame images is constituted, the size of the YUV files is 487535136Bytes
(464MB)。
5, it using the encoder of x264, is encoded according to following parameter setting.
Participate in the totalframes of coding：2299 frames；
Frame per second：25frames/s；
Quantization parameter：32；
GOP sizes：25；
The quantity of the continuous B frames allowed：1.
The coding result obtained from is as follows：
Compressed code check is 73028.34kb/s；PSNR is 29.8885dB；Compressed ASCII stream file ASCII size is
6937642Bytes (6.6MB), then compression ratio is：487535136bytes/6937642Bytes=70.2739.
Another way can also be used, above-mentioned 2a steps are become：
2b, for every width light field image, by decomposite 121 micro- images according to level from top to bottom, from left to right
Sortord is resequenced, and level sequence mapping table is as shown in table 2.In table 2, the element representation pixel of the i-th row jth row
Micro- image that point is arranged from macro block of pixels the i-th row jth, element value indicate serial number of the micro- image after horizontal sort.To come from
The size that the pixel that the 4th row the 6th arranges in macro block of pixels is constituted is the sequence after level sequence for micro- image of 377x377
Number be 39.It is identical, the size constituted with the pixel from macro pixel the 5th row the 5th in the block row for 377x377 micro- image
For, the serial number 49 after level sequence.
Table 2
Keep other steps constant, obtained coding result is as follows：
Compressed code check is 80675.54kb/s；PSNR is 29.8881dB；Compressed ASCII stream file ASCII size is
7664165Bytes (6.6MB), then compression ratio is：487535136bytes/7664165Bytes=63.6123.
According to one embodiment of present invention, also providing a kind of light field image for compressing microlens array acquisition is
System, including following equipment：
Equipment for decompositing several micro- images from light field image；Wherein, every micro- image is by forming the light field figure
The pixel composition of same position in all macro block of pixels of picture.
Equipment for being ranked up by several micro- images and synthesizing video file in the order.
Equipment for being compressed to video file using the method based on Video coding.
To verify the effective of the method and system provided by the present invention for compressing the light field image that microlens array acquires
Property, the existing compression method based on Video coding is respectively adopted in inventor and method provided by the invention is tested, real
The material tested be under several Same Scenes collected by light-field camera there are the light field images of minute differences.
Indicate that several light field images are directly synthesized YUV by existing method, this method by the time sequencing of shooting in method 1
File, and compressed using x264 coding techniques；Method provided by the invention is indicated in method 2, wherein using clockwise
Rotation sort and compressed using x264 coding techniques；Indicate method provided by the invention in method 3, wherein using from
Top to bottm, level from left to right are sorted and are compressed using x264 coding techniques.
Table 3 shows experimental result, according to set different quantization parameters (QP), give bit rate, PSNR and
The information of three aspects of compression ratio.
Table 3
Fig. 3 then gives the schematic diagram that the compression quality that above-mentioned three kinds of methods obtain is respectively adopted.It can be with from table 3 and Fig. 3
Find out, compared with existing compression method, each width light field image is decomposited several micro- figures by method provided by the invention
Picture is ranked up micro- image and synthesizes YUV files, then the total YUV of the corresponding YUV file synthesis of each width light field image is literary
Part is compressed, and the effect reached in terms of compression ratio and compression quality (PSNR- bit rates) is all more excellent.
Inventor is tested respectively also directed to different sortords, the experimental results showed that, using rotating clockwise
It sorts similar with the compression performance of rotation sequence counterclockwise, it is similar with the compression performance vertically to sort using level sequence, and
Compared with prior art, it is all greatly improved using the compression ratio of these sort methods and compression performance.
It should be noted that and understanding, the feelings of the spirit and scope of the present invention required by not departing from appended claims
Under condition, various modifications and improvements can be made to the present invention of foregoing detailed description.It is therefore desirable to the model of the technical solution of protection
It encloses and is not limited by given any specific exemplary teachings.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of method for compressing the light field image of microlens array acquisition, including：
Step 1) decomposites several micro- images from the light field image acquired by microlens array；Wherein, every micro- image is by group
At the pixel composition of same position in all macro block of pixels of the light field image, and from the pixel of same macro block of pixels
Position in different micro- images is consistent；
Several described micro- images are ranked up and synthesize video file in the order by step 2)；
Step 3) compresses the video file using the method based on Video coding.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein, step 2) includes：
Step 21) arranges several the micro- images decomposited from the light field image according to the correlation between micro- image
Sequence；
Several micro- images are sequentially synthesized video file by step 22) according to this.
3. according to the method described in claim 2, in step 21),
For macro pixel each pixel position in the block, the up time needle sort from inside to outside since central point；
According to the sequence of each pixel position, the sequence for the micro- image being made of the pixel from the position is obtained.
4. according to the method described in claim 2, in step 21),
For macro pixel each pixel position in the block, the inverse time needle sort from inside to outside since central point；
According to the sequence of each pixel position, the sequence for the micro- image being made of the pixel from the position is obtained.
5. according to the method described in claim 2, in step 21),
For macro pixel each pixel position in the block, it is ranked up from left to right, from the top down since the upper left corner；
According to the sequence of each pixel position, the sequence for the micro- image being made of the pixel from the position is obtained.
6. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein, the video file is lossless video file.
7. a kind of method for compressing the light field image of microlens array acquisition, including：
Step A), for every width light field image in several light field images for being acquired by microlens array, from the light field image
Decomposite several micro- images, wherein in all macro block of pixels of the every micro- image by forming the light field image same position pixel
Point composition, and position of the pixel from same macro block of pixels in different micro- images is consistent；
Step B), for every width light field image in several described light field images, by several decomposited from the light field image
Micro- image is ranked up and synthesizes video file corresponding with the light field image in the order；
Step C), multiple video files corresponding with several described light field images are connected into a video file；
Step D), using the method based on Video coding video file obtained in the previous step is compressed.
8. according to the method described in claim 7, wherein, in step C) in,
Video file corresponding with every width light field image is connected into a video text according to the acquisition time sequence of light field image
Part.
9. a kind of system for compressing the light field image of microlens array acquisition, including：
Equipment for decompositing several micro- images from the light field image acquired by microlens array；Wherein, every micro- image
The pixel of same position forms in all macro block of pixels by forming the light field image, and from the picture of same macro block of pixels
Position of the vegetarian refreshments in different micro- images is consistent；
Equipment for being ranked up by several described micro- images and synthesizing video file in the order；
Equipment for being compressed to the video file using the method based on Video coding.
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| CN107027025B (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2019-06-28 | 清华大学深圳研究生院 | A kind of light field image compression method based on macro block of pixels adaptive prediction |
| CN106961605B (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2019-06-28 | 清华大学深圳研究生院 | One kind being based on the matched light field image compression method of macro pixel boundary |
| CN106973293B (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2020-10-27 | 中国科学技术大学 | Light field image coding method based on parallax prediction |
| CN107018429A (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2017-08-04 | 陈翟 | Internet video data compression and frame picture display process |
| CN107135393B (en) * | 2017-05-03 | 2020-11-06 | 北京航空航天大学 | Compression method of light field image |
| CN111492657B (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2023-06-30 | 上海科技大学 | Light field video compression based on face region detection |
| CN110191359A (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2019-08-30 | 华侨大学 | A kind of light field image compression method chosen based on crucial sub-aperture image |
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