CN104468456B - A kind of broad sense space-time based on unit matrix loop structure moves key modulation method - Google Patents
A kind of broad sense space-time based on unit matrix loop structure moves key modulation method Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/02—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by diversity reception
- H04L1/06—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by diversity reception using space diversity
- H04L1/0612—Space-time modulation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/02—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by diversity reception
- H04L1/06—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by diversity reception using space diversity
- H04L1/0618—Space-time coding
- H04L1/0625—Transmitter arrangements
Abstract
Key modulation method is moved the invention discloses a kind of broad sense space-time based on unit matrix loop structure, spatial modulation (Spatial Modulation, SM) and empty keying modulation (Space Shift Keying are moved, SSK) utilization space dimension transmits information, and more traditional MIMO scheme can obtain extra spectrum efficiency.In the modulator approach of the present invention, unit matrix is moved in collision matrix interior circulation, and collision matrix no longer needs computer to do auxiliary search.And GSTSK CI are applied to any mimo system that transmitting antenna number is more than 2, and except two kinds of special situations, the present invention can obtain transmitting diversity.GSTSK CI methods possess the lower decoding complexities of more traditional GSTSK and higher compared with SM OSTBC spectrum efficiency under identical transmitting antenna number simultaneously.Simulation result confirms theory analysis and shows that GSTSK CI are better than GSTSK and SM OSTBC schemes.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of multi-antenna wireless communication, it is related to the transmitting point in a kind of multi-aerial radio communication system
Collect transmission technology, more particularly to a kind of broad sense space-time based on unit matrix loop structure moves key modulation method.
Background technology
Spatial modulation (Spatial Modulation, SM) and empty shifting keying modulation (Space Shift Keying, SSK)
Utilization space dimension transmits information, and more traditional MIMO scheme can obtain extra spectrum efficiency.Therefore in recent years, SM and
SSK is of great interest as a kind of novel MIMO transmission technology.However, SM and SSK is only activated in each transmission
A piece antenna, so they can not obtain transmitting diversity, can only rely on reception diversity to resist channel fading.
In order to overcome SM and SSK can not obtain the defect of transmitting diversity, various methods have also been proposed.For example,
Document by the dimension of SM concept to room and time, and then propose can obtain transmitting diversity space-time move keying modulation
(Space-Time Shift Keying, STSK) method.But STSK transmission rate with the increase of transmission time slot number line
Property reduce, and its optimal collision matrix collection needs to do optimum search with computer.In order to further improve spectrum efficiency,
Sugiura et al. in a GSTSK signal transmission time slot by activating multiple collision matrixes, it is proposed that broad sense sky time-shift keying
Modulation scheme (Generalized Space-time Shift Keying, GSTSK).E.Basar etc. is in " Space-time
In block coded spatial modulation ", Space Time Coding and SM are combined and propose Space-Time Block Coding space
Modulation scheme.Using the orthogonality of Alamouti Space Time Coding, the program can realize the maximum-likelihood decoding of low complex degree.But
It is in STBC-SM schemes, in order to obtain the transmitting diversity of 2 ranks, it is necessary to be optimized to the anglec of rotation, while Spatial Dimension is adjusted
The there is provided spectrum efficiency of system is relatively low.In order to improve the spectrum efficiency of STBC-SM schemes, X.-F.Li and L.Wang are proposed
A kind of STBC-SM methods based on loop structure.Although STBC-CSM increases compared with the spectrum efficiency of STBC-SM systems,
But need the angle number optimized also to increase accordingly.The optimum search of collision matrix in obvious above-mentioned document and angle are excellent
Change the design degree of being responsible for for both increasing mimo system.Recently, M.T.Le etc. is by introducing the concept of space constellation matrix, it is proposed that
A kind of orthogonal STBC-SM schemes of high-speed, referred to as SM-OSTBC.SM-OSTBC methods can obtain the transmitting diversity of 2 ranks and
Any optimum search and the optimization of angle are not needed.Unfortunately, SM-OSTBC methods are suitable only for even number root transmitting antenna
With the mimo system of radio frequency link, while transmitting terminal at least need configure 4 radio frequency links.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to solve above-mentioned the problems of the prior art there is provided a kind of based on unit matrix loop structure
Broad sense space-time is moved in key modulation method, this method, and unit matrix moves to construct collision matrix, collision matrix in matrix interior circulation
Computer is no longer needed to do auxiliary search.GSTSK-CI schemes are applied to any mimo system that transmitting antenna number is more than 2, and
Except two kinds of special situations, the present invention can obtain transmitting diversity.GSTSK-CI schemes possess more traditional GSTSK simultaneously
Lower decoding complexity and higher compared with SM-OSTBC spectrum efficiency under identical transmitting antenna number.Simulation result is confirmed
Theory analysis and show that GSTSK-CI is better than GSTSK and SM-OSTBC schemes.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted in the present invention comprises the following steps：
A kind of broad sense space-time based on unit matrix loop structure moves key modulation method, comprises the following steps：
1) N is contained for onetRoot transmitting antenna and NrThe GSTSK-CI systems of root reception antenna, first in every T biography
In defeated time slot, B=log2f(Q,P)+Plog2M-bit enters transmitting terminal, and will be divided into two after this B bit progress serioparallel exchange
Part, be respectively：B1=log2F (Q, P) and B2=Plog2M；Wherein, 2≤T≤Nt；P is per simultaneously sharp in T transmission time slot
Collision matrix number living, Q is total collision matrix number；
2) by the B after serioparallel exchange1=log2F (Q, P) bit is used for activating P from Q collision matrix being pre-designed
It is individualP=1 ..., P；Wherein,For total effective collision matrix number of combinations；Remaining B2
=Plog2M-bit is modulated to P M-PSK/QAM symbols s(p), p=1 ..., P；
3) by step 2) the middle P collision matrix A activated(p)With corresponding P M-PSK/QAM symbols s(p)It is multiplied, and phase
Plus obtain final GSTSK-CI transmitting code words
The step 2) in, the design of GSTSK-CI Q collision matrix, its method is specific as follows：
Contain N for onetRoot transmitting antenna GSTSK-CI modulating systems, collision matrix number is Q=Nt；Each dissipates
Matrix is penetrated comprising a unit matrix IT, and ITIn the movement of collision matrix centralized cycle, ITNonzero element respectively q-th dissipate
The q rows penetrated in matrix are toOK, wherein q=1, K, Nt, andRepresent (q+T-1) and NtIt is remaining
Number；In every T transmission time slot, when activating P simultaneously from Q collision matrix, then there is P antenna quilt in same time slot
Activation, then GSTSK-CI collision matrix is shown below：
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
1) collision matrix of the present invention can simply and system design, it is no longer necessary to carry out any orientation optimization and calculating
Machine does optimum search, greatly reduces the design complexities of system；
2) present invention is more than 2 any mimo system suitable for transmitting antenna number, relaxes SM-OSTBC for transmitting
The limitation of antenna number and radio frequency link number, is preferably applied to actual communication system.
3) present invention can not only obtain the emission diversity gain of second order, it is also possible to obtain the transmitting diversity of higher order increases
Benefit.When GSTSK-CI collision matrix is by second order unit I2When circulation is constituted, the present invention and STBC-SM, STBC-CSM and SM-
It is 2 that OSTBC, which can equally obtain transmitting diversity exponent number,.But I2Can also be by I3、I4Or the unit matrix of higher order is replaced, you can
Using the transmitting diversity exponent number of acquirement as 3,4 or higher, that is to say, that the emission diversity gain of higher order can be obtained.
3) present invention can obtain higher spectrum efficiency.Particularly in each transmission intercal, from Q collision matrix
When activating P, whenValue it is larger when, spectrum efficiency is higher.In order to represent convenient, N is configuredtRoot transmitting antenna, NtPiece-root grafting is received
Antenna and the collision matrix of P activation simultaneously (transmitting antenna of P activation simultaneously) are expressed as (Nt,Nr,P).Such as GSTSK-
CI(16,Nr, 4), when using 4-QAM modulation, f (Q, P)=1024 effective collision matrix combination can be provided, therefore
The spectrum efficiency provided by Spatial DimensionThe spectrum efficiency provided by symbol-modulated isBut the spectrum efficiency point that SC matrixes and symbol-modulated are provided in SM-OSTBC methods
Wei not B1=4bits/s/Hz and B2=2bits/s/Hz.Obviously spectrum efficiency total GSTSK-CI is 9bits/s/Hz, and SM-
Spectrum efficiency total OSTBC is only 6bits/s/Hz；
4) maximum-likelihood decoding complexity of the invention decreases compared with GSTSK.The collision matrix A in GSTSKq(q=
1 ..., Q) it is the complex matrix obtained by computer search, and in GSTSK-CI, the element in collision matrix comprises only 0
It is real number matrix with 1, therefore compared with GSTSK, carrying algorithm needs less real multiplications, therefore can effectively reduce decoding
Complexity.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is GSTSK-CI modulating systems block diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the present invention in Nt=6, spectrum efficiency is 5.5,6,7.5bits/s/Hz when, GSTSK-CI and SM-OSTBC
BER performance comparison figures；
Fig. 3 be spectrum efficiency of the present invention be 6,6.5,7,7.5bits/s/Hz when, GSTSK-CI and SM-OSTBC BER
Performance comparison figure.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
Referring to Fig. 1, traditional M-PSK/QAM and the collision matrix activated may serve to transmission information bit.This hair
It is bright to move to construct collision matrix in matrix interior circulation using unit matrix.First, the collision matrix of GSTSK-CI schemes can letter
The design of single and system, optimum search is done without the need for progress orientation optimization and computer；Secondly, GSTSK-CI schemes are fitted
It is more than 2 any situation for transmitting antenna number, and compared with existing schemes, the present invention can obtain higher spectrum efficiency, special
Be not in each transmission intercal, from Q collision matrix activate P when, whenValue it is larger when, spectrum efficiency is higher；Most
Decreased afterwards in the complexity of the maximum-likelihood decoding detection algorithm of receiving terminal compared with GSTSK；Simulation result shows GSTSK-CI
More existing many schemes can obtain more preferable performance of BER.Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 indicate the present invention to systematic function
The effect of lifting.
In STSK/GSTSK, the equal transmission information of call number of the collision matrix of M-PSK/QAM symbols and activation.Design
STSK/GSTSK key is how optimal collision matrix collection is searched for according to criterion set in advance.Collision matrix collection is searched
Rope needs substantial amounts of computation complexity and time, particularly when order of modulation is higher and collision matrix exponent number is larger
Wait.It was found from document, existing GSTSK schemes, it is 4, the MIMO modulated using 16-QAM that can at most support transmitting antenna number
System.In the GSTSK-CI schemes of proposition, collision matrix can be with the design of system, it is no longer necessary to computer do auxiliary search and
Any orientation optimization is done, this, which to suggest plans, is very suitable for the extensive mimo system in future.
Specifically, GSTSK-CI modulated process of the present invention is as shown in figure 1, specific modulation and detection algorithm are by following four
Step is constituted：
The first step：Contain N for onetRoot transmitting antenna, NrThe GSTSK-CI systems of root reception antenna, first in every T (2
≤T≤Nt) in individual transmission time slot, B=log2f(Q,P)+Plog2M-bit enters transmitting terminal, and this B bit is gone here and there simultaneously
It is divided into two parts after conversion, is respectively：B1=log2F (Q, P) and B2=Plog2M。
Second step：By the B after serioparallel exchange1=log2F (Q, P) bit is used for swashing from Q collision matrix being pre-designed
P A living(p)(p=1 ..., P), whereinFor total effective collision matrix number of combinations；Remaining B2=
Plog2M-bit is modulated to P M-PSK/QAM symbols s(p)(p=1 ..., P).Wherein GSTSK-CI collision matrix is set
Meter process is specific as follows：
Contain N for onetRoot transmitting antenna GSTSK-CI modulating systems, the collision matrix number of program design is Q
=Nt.Each collision matrix is comprising a unit matrix I2, and I2In the movement of collision matrix centralized cycle, I2Nonzero element
Respectively in the q rows in q-th of collision matrix andOK, wherein q=1, K, Nt, andRepresent (q+1) and Nt
Remainder.In every T transmission time slot, when activating P simultaneously from Q collision matrix, then there is P antenna in same time slot
Inside it is activated.Then GSTSK-CI collision matrix is shown below：
It is pointed out that in order to obtain the unit matrix in higher emission diversity gain, GSTSK-CI collision matrix
I2Can be by I3、I4Or the unit matrix of higher order is replaced, you can using the transmitting diversity exponent number of acquirement as 3,4 or higher.But
The spectrum efficiency of GSTSK-CI schemes is linearly reduced with the increase of timeslot number needed for transmission, therefore before full diversity is kept
Put, in order to obtain spectrum efficiency as high as possible, make T=2.
3rd step：The Q collision matrix designed from second stepMiddle activation P, and with it is corresponding
P M-PSK/QAM symbols s(p)(p=1 ..., P) is multiplied, and addition obtains final GSTSK-CI transmitting code wordsTherefore the spectrum efficiency R of GSTSK-CI schemes is
4th step：GSTSK-CI detection.During using GSTSK-CI scheme transmissions, then the reception signal of receiving terminalIt can be expressed as
WhereinRepresent the space-time code word sent in T symbol time slot；WithLetter is represented respectively
It is the Gaussian Profile that 0 variance is 1 that element in road and noise matrix, wherein H and N, which obeys average,；ρ is at each reception antenna
Average signal-to-noise ratio.Because GSTSK-CI collision matrix is real matrix, comprise only element 0 and 1, thus its decoding complexity compared with
GSTSK decreases.
By carrying out vector operation (vec ()) to formula, then the signal model of system can be converted to
Wherein, It is also noted that K contains P nonzero value, this P nonzero value is taken from M-PSK/QAM complex signal
Planisphere.
It is regular according to Maximum Likelihood Detection, thenDetection process be：
WhereinRepresentQ row.
By calculate GSTSK-CI decoding during real multiplication number of times come the decoding complexity of quantization system, wherein one
Equivalent to four times real multiplications of the calculation times of secondary complex multiplication.Then GSTSK-CI decoding degree of being responsible for can be expressed as
Obviously under identical transmitting antenna number, GSTSK-CI decoding complexity is less than GSTSK.Concrete reason is such as
Under：The collision matrix A in GSTSKq(q=1 ..., Q) is the complex matrix obtained by computer search, and in GSTSK-
In CI, the element in collision matrix comprises only 0 and 1, is real number matrix, therefore compared with GSTSK, carrying algorithm needs less real number
The particularity of the element of multiplication, that is to say, that compared with GSTSK, the special construction of GSTSK-CI collision matrixes and its composition can be with
Reduce decoding complexity.
The diversity and coding gain of the present invention
The main criteria of Space Time Coding design under quasistatic Rayleigh fading channel is to maximize any two difference
GSTSK-CI code words S andMinimum code gain.The poor matrix of orderThen coding gain is defined as：
For with NtThe GSTSK-CI modulating systems of root transmitting antenna, then transmission signal matrix can be expressed as：
Wherein cj,kRepresent S jth row kth column element, wherein k=1,2, j=1 ..., Nt, and cj,kFor a 0 or M-
PSK/QAM elements.The special construction of collision matrix in (1) formula is given the credit to, it can be found that c1,1=c2,2、c2,1=c3,2And c3,1=
c4,2Etc..Therefore the signal matrix of (8) formula can be rewritten as：
Assuming that activating P from Q collision matrix, then contain P nonzero element, and these non-zero entries in S each row
Element is M-PSK/QAM symbols, therefore poor matrix Δ can be expressed as：
WhereinThen matrix ΔHΔ is：
Therefore it can obtain
According to the absolute value geometric theorem in document, the Section 2 of above formula can be reduced to：
And if only ifWhen equal sign set up, whereinFor often system
Number.Then det (ΔsHΔ) it can be further simplified as：
It can be seen that and work as from (14) formulaWhen, the Section 1 of above formula is more than zero always, in order to prove det (ΔsHΔ) it is big
In zero, the Section 2 of (14) formula also have to be larger than zero, and corresponding several situations are discussed below.
Situation 1.S andThe collision matrix of middle activation is identical, and situation 1 can be specifically divided into the following two kinds situation.
Situation 1.1.P=Q.I.e. in each transmission time slot, all transmitting antennas are activated.From (10), formula can
To find out, as P=Q,It may be true, work as while can be seen that from (14) formulaWhen being true, and
It cannot be guaranteed that det (ΔsHΔ)>0.Therefore in order to obtain the transmitting diversity of second order, P=Q situation must go to remove.
Situation 1.2.P ＜ Q.In this case,In at least Q-P element be zero, but be due toCause
This remaining P element can not possibly be zero simultaneously, in other wordsIt can not possibly be true, therefore det can be proved
(ΔHΔ)>0。
Situation 2.S andThe collision matrix of middle activation is entirely different, specifically can be divided into the following two kinds situation again.
Situation 2.1.P ＜ Q/2.In this case, existThis NtIn=Q element, only Q-2P element is zero,
Remaining 2P element is M-PSK/QAM symbols, similar to situation 1.2, can prove det (ΔsHΔ)>0。
Situation 2.2.P=Q/2.In this case, in each transmission time slot, the activation antenna of half is swashed simultaneously
It is living.Situation 2.2 is only existed with transmitting antenna number as in the case of even number.As S andThe collision matrix of middle activation is entirely different
When, similar to situation 1.1It may be true, therefore not ensure that det (ΔsHΔ)>0, and then situation 2.2 is necessary
Remove.
Situation 3.S andThe collision matrix of middle activation is incomplete same.Assuming that in S andThe identical scattering of middle activation
The number of matrix is L (0 ＜ L ＜ P), define herein U=2P-L for S andElement in the intersection of the collision matrix of middle activation
Number, can specifically be divided into the following two kinds situation.
Situation 3.1.U ＜ Q.In this case, in S andIn there is Q-U collision matrix not to be activated, exist accordinglyIn at least Q-U element be zero, but remaining U element be M-PSK/QAM symbols or M-PSK/QAM difference symbol
Number, that is to say, thatIn each element can not possibly be simultaneously equal, therefore det (ΔsHΔ)>0。
Situation 3.2.U=Q.In this case, existIn have the poor symbol of L M-PSK/QAM, remaining U-L
Element is M-PSK/QAM symbols.ObviouslyIt can not possibly set up, therefore det (ΔsHΔ)>0。
As seen from the above analysis except situation 1.1 and 2.2, coding gain G is all higher than zero, therefore when rejecting above-mentioned two
When planting situation, according to STBC order criterion, it can prove, it is 2 to carry algorithm and can obtain transmitting diversity exponent number.
Note：
For situation 3.1, there is a kind of special possibility to need discussion.When Q is even number, and P=Q/2, effective scattering
Matrix number of combinations isAnd no longer it is f (Q, P).For example, working as Nt=Q=4, and during P=2, all collision matrix combinations
Number is 6, is respectively (1,2), (1,3), (Isosorbide-5-Nitrae), (2,3), (2,4) and (3,4), wherein the scattering square of (1,2) for activation simultaneously
Call number of battle array, etc..Therefore f (Q, P)=4, selects first four and combines (1,2) herein, (1,3), and (Isosorbide-5-Nitrae), (2,3) are standby
Choosing combination.But be can be seen that from situation 2.2 when (Isosorbide-5-Nitrae), (2,3) are chosen simultaneously when, transmitting diversity can not be obtained, because
This is for combination (Isosorbide-5-Nitrae), (2,3), it is necessary to give up one.Simultaneously from situation 3.1 it can be seen that remaining collision matrix is combined as
Effective combination, that is to say, that (1,2), (1,3), (Isosorbide-5-Nitrae), either (1,2), (1,3), (2,3) are effective combination.
Again because effective collision matrix number of combinations is necessary for 2 integral number power, therefore effective number of combinations is
Experiment simulation
This section mainly illustrated by emulating the bit error rate (BER) under different transmitting antenna numbers set forth herein
The performance of GSTSK-CI schemes, and be compared with SM-OSTBC schemes.The number of reception antenna is set to N in this sectionr
=4, and all performance comparisions be BER values be 10-4When done.Simultaneously it is assumed that channel condition information H only has receiving terminal
Know.
Fig. 2, which gives, works as NtWhen=6, under 5.5,6 and 7.5bits/s/Hz spectrum efficiency, GSTSK-CI and C (6,
4,4), C1 (6,4,4) SM-OSTBC BER performance comparisions.First, when spectrum efficiency is 5.5bits/s/Hz, GSTSK-
CI (6,4,4) can obtain 1.5dB or so coding gain compared with C (6,4,4).Secondly, it is 6bits/s/Hz in spectrum efficiency
When C1 (6,4,4) need 4 radio frequency links, and suggested plans GSTSK-CI needs only to 3 radio frequency links, while compared with C1
(6,4,4) also about 1.5dB gain.Finally, when spectrum efficiency is 7bits/s/Hz, compared to C (6,4,4),
GSTSK-CI (6,4,4) can obtain about 3dB gain.
In figure 3, it is N in transmitting antenna number there is shown herein GSTSK-CIt=8 and NtWhen=10, corresponding spectrum efficiency
BER performances when respectively 6.5,7 and 6,7.5bits/s/Hz, and carried out with the SM-OSTBC schemes under same frequency spectrum efficiency
Compare.Obvious GSTSK-CI can obtain more preferable BER performances compared with SM-OSTBC.First, when spectrum efficiency is 6.5bits/
During s/Hz, GSTSK-CI (8,4,4) can obtain about 2.5dB gain compared with C1 (8,4,4).It is in spectrum efficiency
During 7.5bits/s/Hz, GSTSK-CI (10,4,4) is compared with C (10,4,4) about 2.4 dB gains.Secondly, in spectrum efficiency
During respectively 7 and 6bits/s/Hz, SM-OSTBC is compared to, the GSTSK-CI that suggests plans is saving the feelings of a radio frequency link
Under condition, more preferable BER performances can be still obtained, figure it is seen that GSTSK-CI can be obtained respectively compared with SM-OSTBC
0.9dB and 1.8dB coding gain.
The technological thought of above content only to illustrate the invention, it is impossible to which protection scope of the present invention is limited with this, it is every to press
According to technological thought proposed by the present invention, any change done on the basis of technical scheme each falls within claims of the present invention
Protection domain within.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of broad sense space-time based on unit matrix loop structure moves key modulation method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
1) N is contained for onetRoot transmitting antenna and NrThe GSTSK-CI systems of root reception antenna, first when transmitting for every T
In gap, B=log2 f(Q,P)+Plog2M-bit enters transmitting terminal, and will be divided into two after this B bit progress serioparallel exchange
Point, it is respectively：B1=log2F (Q, P) and B2=Plog2M；Wherein, 2≤T≤Nt；P is per activation simultaneously in T transmission time slot
Collision matrix number, Q be total collision matrix number, M is phase-shift keying (PSK) PSK constellations or quadrature amplitude modulation qam constellation
Order of modulation, i.e. signal points in PSK or qam constellation；
2) by the B after serioparallel exchange1=log2F (Q, P) bit is used for from Q collision matrix being pre-designed activating PP=1 ..., P；Wherein,For total effective collision matrix number of combinations；Remaining B2=
Plog2M-bit is modulated to P M-PSK/QAM symbols s(p), p=1 ..., P；Wherein,Expression takes P combination from Q
Number, symbolRepresent to integer2 integer power is taken as downwards；
3) by step 2) the middle P collision matrix A activated(p)With corresponding P M-PSK/QAM symbols s(p)It is multiplied, and is added
Launch code word to final GSTSK-CI
The design of GSTSK-CI Q collision matrix, its method is specific as follows：
Contain N for onetRoot transmitting antenna GSTSK-CI modulating systems, collision matrix number is Q=Nt；Each scattering square
Battle array is comprising a unit matrix IT, and ITIn the movement of collision matrix centralized cycle, ITNonzero element respectively q-th scatter square
Q rows in battle array are to theOK, wherein q=1, K, Nt, andRepresent (q+T-1) and NtRemainder, its
In, T span is 2~4；In every T transmission time slot, when activating P simultaneously from Q collision matrix, then there are P
Antenna is activated in same time slot, then GSTSK-CI collision matrix is shown below：
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| CN108234082B (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2020-08-04 | 重庆邮电大学 | Space modulation-based full diversity space-time coding method |
| CN109889242B (en) * | 2019-01-24 | 2021-11-12 | 东华大学 | Central circulation weight generalized space shift keying modulation device and modulation method |
| CN113612505B (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2022-08-23 | 中国计量大学上虞高等研究院有限公司 | Reconfigurable intelligent surface-based space-time shift keying method |
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