CN104467837A - Time calibration method and device applied to spacecraft - Google Patents
Time calibration method and device applied to spacecraft Download PDFInfo
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- CN104467837A CN104467837A CN201410614738.7A CN201410614738A CN104467837A CN 104467837 A CN104467837 A CN 104467837A CN 201410614738 A CN201410614738 A CN 201410614738A CN 104467837 A CN104467837 A CN 104467837A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a time calibration method and device applied to a spacecraft and belongs to the technical field of time calibration. The time calibration method includes the steps that a voltage controlled crystal oscillator outputs an original frequency signal; a synthesis module generates a synthetic modulating signal; a microwave doubling and mixing module carries out doubling and mixing on the original frequency signal and the synthetic modulating signal to generate a microwave polling signal; within the time from a first moment to a second moment, a first physical subelement carries out frequency discrimination on the microwave polling signal to generate a first optical inspection signal; within the time from the second moment to a third moment, a second physical subelement carries out frequency discrimination on the microwave polling signal to generate a second optical inspection signal; a servo system conducts frequency selective amplification on the first optical inspection signal and the second optical inspection signal, synchronous phase discrimination is conducted on the first optical inspection signal and the synthetic modulating signal to generate a first deviation rectification voltage, synchronous phase discrimination is conducted on the second optical inspection signal and the synthetic modulating signal to generate a second deviation rectification voltage, and the first deviation rectification voltage and the second deviation rectification voltage act on the voltage controlled crystal oscillator. The time calibration method and device guarantee continuity of time calibration and the trouble of replacing atomic frequency standards is avoided.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field time calibration, particularly a kind of time calibrating method and device being applied to spacecraft.
Background technology
For the spacecraft such as satellite, space station, the accuracy of time calibration and continuity are all extremely important.Atomic frequency standard is a kind of frequency source with good stable degree and accuracy, be widely used in the equipment such as satellite, when alkali metal atom approach exhaustion in atomic frequency standard, again an atomic frequency standard heaven can only be changed with the time calibration of continuing spacecraft from ground, not only have impact to the continuity of time calibration, and replacing atomic frequency standard extremely bothers.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve continuity, the very troublesome problem of replacing atomic frequency standard of the calibration of prior art influence time, embodiments provide a kind of time calibrating method and the device that are applied to spacecraft.Described technical scheme is as follows:
On the one hand, embodiments provide a kind of time calibrating method being applied to spacecraft, described time calibrating method comprises:
VCXO exports original frequency signal;
Integration module produces comprehensive modulation signal;
Microwave times frequency mixing module carries out SHG and THG to described original frequency signal and described comprehensive modulation signal simultaneously, produces microwave interrogation signals;
In time from the first moment to the second moment, the first physical sub-unit in physical location carries out frequency discrimination to described microwave interrogation signals, produces the first light inspection signal; Servo system is carried out frequency-selecting amplification to described first light inspection signal and carries out synchronous phase demodulation with described comprehensive modulation signal, produces the first correction voltage and acts on described VCXO;
In time from described second moment to the 3rd moment, the second physical sub-unit in physical location carries out frequency discrimination to described microwave interrogation signals, produces the second light inspection signal; Servo system is carried out frequency-selecting amplification to described second light inspection signal and carries out synchronous phase demodulation with described comprehensive modulation signal, produces the second correction voltage and acts on described VCXO.
In a kind of possible implementation of the present invention, in the time between the 4th moment to described first moment, described time calibrating method also comprises:
Described first physical sub-unit carries out frequency discrimination to described microwave interrogation signals, produces the first light inspection signal;
Described second physical sub-unit carries out frequency discrimination to described microwave interrogation signals, produces the second light inspection signal;
Described servo system, according to described first light inspection signal and described second light inspection signal, produces the 3rd correction voltage and acts on described VCXO.
Alternatively, described servo system, according to described first light inspection signal and described second light inspection signal, produces the 3rd correction voltage and acts on described VCXO, comprising:
The synchronous phase demodulation unit of in servo system first carries out frequency-selecting amplification to described first light inspection signal and carries out synchronous phase demodulation with comprehensive modulation signal, produces the first correction voltage;
The synchronous phase demodulation unit of in servo system second carries out frequency-selecting amplification to described second light inspection signal and carries out synchronous phase demodulation with described comprehensive modulation signal, produces the second correction voltage;
When described first correction voltage and described second voltage of rectify a deviation is positive and negative identical, or when described second correction voltage is 0, the voltage of rectifying a deviation described first of the central processing unit in servo system acts on described VCXO as the 3rd voltage of rectifying a deviation;
When described first correction voltage and described second voltage of rectify a deviation is positive and negative different, or described first rectifies a deviation voltage when being 0, described central processing unit by value be 0 the 3rd voltage of rectifying a deviation act on described VCXO.
On the other hand, embodiments provide a kind of time calibration device being applied to spacecraft, described time calibration device comprises:
VCXO, for exporting original frequency signal;
Integration module, for generation of comprehensive modulation signal;
Microwave times frequency mixing module, for carrying out SHG and THG to described original frequency signal and described comprehensive modulation signal simultaneously, produces microwave interrogation signals;
Physical location, comprises the first physical sub-unit and the second physical sub-unit; Wherein, described first physical sub-unit, in the time from the first moment to the second moment, carries out frequency discrimination to described microwave interrogation signals, produces the first light inspection signal; Described second physical sub-unit, in the time from described second moment to the 3rd moment, carries out frequency discrimination to described microwave interrogation signals, produces the second light inspection signal;
Servo system, for carrying out frequency-selecting amplification to described first light inspection signal and carry out synchronous phase demodulation with described comprehensive modulation signal, produces the first correction voltage and acts on described VCXO; Described second light inspection signal is carried out to frequency-selecting amplification and carries out synchronous phase demodulation with described comprehensive modulation signal, produces the second correction voltage and act on described VCXO.
In a kind of possible implementation of the present invention, described first physical sub-unit also for, in the time between the 4th moment to described first moment, frequency discrimination is carried out to described microwave interrogation signals, produce first light inspection signal;
Described second physical sub-unit also for, in the time between described 4th moment to described first moment, frequency discrimination is carried out to described microwave interrogation signals, produce second light inspection signal;
Described servo system also for, according to described first light inspection signal and described second light inspection signal, produce the 3rd correction voltage act on described VCXO.
Alternatively, described servo system comprises:
First synchronous phase demodulation unit, for carrying out frequency-selecting amplification to described first light inspection signal and carry out synchronous phase demodulation with comprehensive modulation signal, produces the first correction voltage;
Second synchronous phase demodulation unit, for carrying out frequency-selecting amplification to described second light inspection signal and carry out synchronous phase demodulation with described comprehensive modulation signal, produces the second correction voltage;
Central processing unit, positive and negative identical for voltage of rectifying a deviation when described first correction voltage and described second, or when described second correction voltage is 0, described first correction voltage is acted on described VCXO as the 3rd correction voltage; When described first correction voltage and described second voltage of rectify a deviation is positive and negative different, or described first rectifies a deviation voltage when being 0, is that the 3rd voltage of rectifying a deviation of 0 acts on described VCXO by value.
In the another kind of possible implementation of the present invention, described physical location also comprises:
Spectroscopic lamp, inside is filled with rubidium and starter gas, for providing pumping light;
Microwave cavity, is arranged on outside described first physical sub-unit and described second physical sub-unit, provides microwave field for the microwave resonance for atom;
Uniform magnetic field coil, encloses and arranges around described microwave cavity, for generation of the weak magnetostatic field parallel with microwave magnetic field direction;
Magnetic cup, is arranged on outside described microwave cavity, for shielding electromagnetic wave;
Constant temperature subelement, is arranged between described microwave cavity and described magnetic cup, for stablizing the temperature in described microwave cavity;
Screen, between described first physical sub-unit and described second physical sub-unit, for isolating the microwave interference between described first physical sub-unit and described second physical sub-unit.
Alternatively, described first physical sub-unit comprises:
First coupling loop, for transmitting microwave interrogation signals;
First integrated filtering resonance bubble, inside is filled with rubidium and buffer gas, for filtering and atomic resonance;
First photocell, for detecting integrated filtering resonance bubble transmitted light, produces the first light inspection signal;
Wherein, described first integrated filtering resonance bubble is positioned at described spectroscopic lamp and described first photronic centre;
Described second physical sub-unit comprises:
Second coupling loop, for transmitting microwave interrogation signals;
Second integrated filtering resonance bubble, inside is filled with rubidium and buffer gas, for filtering and atomic resonance;
Second photocell, for detecting integrated filtering resonance bubble transmitted light, produces the second light inspection signal;
Wherein, described second integrated filtering resonance bubble is positioned at described spectroscopic lamp and described second photronic centre.
Preferably, the shape that described first integrated filtering resonance absorption is steeped and described second integrated filtering resonance is steeped, structure, size are all identical.
In another possible implementation of the present invention, described first muon physics unit comprises:
First spectroscopic lamp, inside is filled with rubidium and starter gas, for providing pumping light;
First microwave cavity, provides microwave field for the microwave resonance for atom;
First uniform magnetic field coil, encloses and arranges, for generation of the weak magnetostatic field parallel with microwave magnetic field direction around described first microwave cavity;
First magnetic cup, is arranged on outside described first microwave cavity, for shielding electromagnetic wave;
First constant temperature subelement, is arranged between described first microwave cavity and described first magnetic cup, for stablizing the temperature in described first microwave cavity;
First coupling loop, for transmitting microwave interrogation signals;
First integrated filtering resonance bubble, inside is filled with rubidium and buffer gas, for filtering and atomic resonance;
First photocell, for detecting integrated filtering resonance bubble transmitted light, produces the first light inspection signal;
Wherein, described first integrated filtering resonance bubble is positioned at described first spectroscopic lamp and described first photronic centre;
Described second muon physics unit comprises:
Second spectroscopic lamp, inside is filled with rubidium and starter gas, for providing pumping light;
Second microwave cavity, provides microwave field for the microwave resonance for atom;
Second uniform magnetic field coil, encloses and arranges, for generation of the weak magnetostatic field parallel with microwave magnetic field direction around described second microwave cavity;
Second magnetic cup, is arranged on outside described first microwave cavity, for shielding electromagnetic wave;
Second constant temperature subelement, is arranged between described second microwave cavity and described second magnetic cup, for stablizing the temperature in described second microwave cavity;
Second coupling loop, for transmitting microwave interrogation signals;
Second integrated filtering resonance bubble, inside is filled with rubidium and buffer gas, for filtering and atomic resonance;
Second photocell, for detecting integrated filtering resonance bubble transmitted light, produces the second light inspection signal;
Wherein, described second integrated filtering resonance bubble is positioned at described second spectroscopic lamp and described second photronic centre.
The beneficial effect that the technical scheme that the embodiment of the present invention provides is brought is:
By in the time from the first moment to the second moment, the first physical sub-unit in physical location carries out frequency discrimination to microwave interrogation signals, produces the first light inspection signal; Servo system is carried out frequency-selecting amplification to the first light inspection signal and carries out synchronous phase demodulation with comprehensive modulation signal, produces the first correction voltage and acts on VCXO; In time from the second moment to the 3rd moment, the second physical sub-unit in physical location carries out frequency discrimination to microwave interrogation signals, produces the second light inspection signal; Servo system is carried out frequency-selecting amplification to the second light inspection signal and carries out synchronous phase demodulation with comprehensive modulation signal, produce the second correction voltage and act on VCXO, during alkali metal atom approach exhaustion in the first physical sub-unit, the work of the first physical sub-unit is taken over by the second physical sub-unit, ensure that the continuity of time calibration, and avoid and change the trouble of atomic frequency standard, be specially adapted to the spaceborne time calibration such as satellite, space station.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, below the accompanying drawing used required in describing embodiment is briefly described, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of atomic frequency standard that the embodiment of the present invention provides;
Fig. 2 is a kind of flow chart being applied to the time calibrating method of spacecraft that the embodiment of the present invention one provides;
Fig. 3 is a kind of structural representation being applied to the time calibration device of spacecraft that the embodiment of the present invention two provides;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the physical location that the embodiment of the present invention two provides.
Embodiment
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearly, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiment of the present invention is described further in detail.
The basic structure of first composition graphs 1 pair of atomic frequency standard and operation principle are simply introduced below.This structure is only citing, not as limitation of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, atomic frequency standard comprises VCXO 1, isolated amplifier 2, microwave times frequency mixing module 3, physical location 4, integration module 5 and servo system 6.Wherein, VCXO 1 is for exporting original frequency signal; Isolated amplifier 2 is for being undertaken isolating and amplifying by the output frequency signal of VCXO 1; Integration module 5 is for generation of comprehensive modulation signal; Microwave times frequency mixing module 3 carries out SHG and THG, to produce microwave interrogation signals for the comprehensive modulation signal produced output signal and the integration module 5 of isolated amplifier 2 simultaneously; Physical location 4, for carrying out frequency discrimination to microwave interrogation signals, produces light inspection signal; Servo system 6, for carrying out frequency-selecting amplification and square wave shaping to light inspection signal and carry out synchronous phase demodulation with comprehensive modulation signal, produces correction voltage and acts on VCXO 1, to adjust the output frequency of VCXO 1; By said structure unit, the output frequency of VCXO 1 is locked in atomic ground state hyperfine 0-0 centre frequency the most at last.
Embodiment one
Embodiments provide a kind of time calibrating method being applied to spacecraft, see Fig. 2, this time calibrating method comprises:
Step 101: VCXO exports original frequency signal.
Step 102: integration module produces comprehensive modulation signal.
Step 103: microwave times frequency mixing module carries out SHG and THG to institute's original frequency signal and comprehensive modulation signal simultaneously, produces microwave interrogation signals.
In the present embodiment, step 101-103 can be same as the prior art, is not described in detail in this.
After execution step 10-103, if in the time from the first moment to the second moment, then perform step 104-105; If in the time from the second moment to the 3rd moment, then perform step 106-107.Wherein, the first moment can be the initial time that atomic frequency standard enters operating state, also can be the initial time that atomic frequency standard enters stable state, as enter operating state in atomic frequency standard initial time after 1 year after.Second moment is when being the alkali metal atom approach exhaustion in the first physical sub-unit, as after four after the first moment year.3rd moment is when being the alkali metal atom approach exhaustion in the second physical sub-unit, behind 4 to five years after the second moment.
Step 104: the first physical sub-unit in physical location carries out frequency discrimination to microwave interrogation signals, produces the first light inspection signal.
Step 105: servo system is carried out frequency-selecting amplification to the first light inspection signal and carries out synchronous phase demodulation with comprehensive modulation signal, produces the first correction voltage and acts on VCXO.
Particularly, when the first correction voltage is less than 0, the first correction voltage acts on VCXO, and the frequency of the original frequency signal that VCXO exports increases; When the first correction voltage is greater than 0, the first correction voltage acts on VCXO, and the frequency of the original frequency signal that VCXO exports reduces.Finally, the original frequency signal that VCXO exports is locked in the hyperfine 0-0 jump frequency of ground state of rubidium atom.
Step 106: the second physical sub-unit in physical location carries out frequency discrimination to microwave interrogation signals, produces the second light inspection signal.
Step 107: servo system is carried out frequency-selecting amplification to the second light inspection signal and carries out synchronous phase demodulation with comprehensive modulation signal, produces the second correction voltage and acts on VCXO.
In a kind of implementation of the present embodiment, this time calibrating method can also comprise:
In time between the 4th moment to the first moment, the first physical sub-unit carries out frequency discrimination to microwave interrogation signals, produces the first light inspection signal;
In time between the 4th moment to the first moment, the second physical sub-unit carries out frequency discrimination to microwave interrogation signals, produces the second light inspection signal;
Servo system, according to the first light inspection signal and the second light inspection signal, produces the 3rd correction voltage and acts on VCXO.
In this kind of implementation, the 4th moment was the initial time that atomic frequency standard enters operating state, and the first moment was the initial time that atomic frequency standard enters stable state, behind a year after the 4th moment.
Alternatively, servo system, according to the first light inspection signal and the second light inspection signal, produces the 3rd correction voltage and acts on VCXO, can comprise:
The synchronous phase demodulation unit of in servo system first carries out frequency-selecting amplification to the first light inspection signal and carries out synchronous phase demodulation with comprehensive modulation signal, produces the first correction voltage;
The synchronous phase demodulation unit of in servo system second carries out frequency-selecting amplification to the second light inspection signal and carries out synchronous phase demodulation with comprehensive modulation signal, produces the second correction voltage;
When the first correction voltage and second voltage of rectify a deviation is positive and negative identical, or when the second correction voltage is 0, the voltage of rectifying a deviation first of the central processing unit in servo system acts on VCXO as the 3rd voltage of rectifying a deviation;
When the first correction voltage and second voltage of rectify a deviation is positive and negative different, or first rectifies a deviation voltage when being 0, central processing unit by value be 0 the 3rd voltage of rectifying a deviation act on VCXO.
Understandably, according to the first light inspection signal and the second light inspection signal, produce the 3rd correction voltage and act on VCXO, at the initial stage of atomic frequency standard work, the interference of periphery or inside can be avoided, improve the short-term stability of atomic frequency standard.In the mid-term of atomic frequency standard work, atomic frequency standard has entered highly stable operating state, only needs, according to the first light inspection signal, to produce the first correction voltage.In the later stage of atomic frequency standard work, due to the alkali metal approach exhaustion in the first physical sub-unit, cannot work on, and the alkali metal in the second physical sub-unit also has, now according to the second light inspection signal, produce the second correction voltage, atomic frequency standard can work on.
In specific implementation, peripheral circuit is needed to provide temperature field, magnetic field and radiofrequency field due to when the first physical sub-unit and the work of the second physical sub-unit, that is, only have when temperature field, magnetic field and radiofrequency field are applied on the first physical sub-unit and the second physical sub-unit simultaneously, the first physical sub-unit and the second physical sub-unit could work.And peripheral circuit is subject to the control of central processing unit, therefore whether central processing unit by cutting off one or more (i.e. the Control peripheral circuits) in temperature field, magnetic field and radiofrequency field, can work to the first physical sub-unit and the second physical sub-unit and controlling.Such as, central processing unit cuts off magnetic field, and the atom in the first physical sub-unit and the second physical sub-unit can not divide, and the first physical sub-unit and the second physical sub-unit can not work.And for example, central processing unit cuts off radiofrequency field, although atom creates division by magnetic fields, do not have radiofrequency field to excite, the first physical sub-unit and the second physical sub-unit can not work equally.For another example, central processing unit cuts off temperature field, atom can not build-up of luminance luminous, the first physical sub-unit and the second physical sub-unit still can not work.
Particularly, because the radiofrequency field on physical sub-unit is produced by microwave interrogation signals, microwave interrogation signals is transmitted by coupling loop, when the first physical sub-unit and the second physical sub-unit use same uniform magnetic field coil, constant temperature subelement, central processing unit is by transmitting microwave interrogation signals to a physical sub-unit, another does not transmit microwave interrogation signals, can realize working or not working when two physical sub-unit are different.
When the first physical sub-unit and the second physical sub-unit use different uniform magnetic field coils, constant temperature subelement, central processing unit can pass through the one or more controls in uniform magnetic field coil, constant temperature subelement, coupling loop, realizes working or not working when two physical sub-unit are different.
So the central processing unit arranged in atomic frequency standard can control whole processing procedure, at the initial stage of atomic frequency standard work, as the First Year of atomic frequency standard work, control the first physical sub-unit and the second physical sub-unit works simultaneously; In the mid-term of atomic frequency standard work, if the Second Year of atomic frequency standard work was to the 5th year, controls the first physical sub-unit and work independently; In the later stage of atomic frequency standard work, after 5 years of atomic frequency standard work, control the second physical sub-unit and work independently.
The embodiment of the present invention is by the time from the first moment to the second moment, and the first physical sub-unit in physical location carries out frequency discrimination to microwave interrogation signals, produces the first light inspection signal; Servo system is carried out frequency-selecting amplification to the first light inspection signal and carries out synchronous phase demodulation with comprehensive modulation signal, produces the first correction voltage and acts on VCXO; In time from the second moment to the 3rd moment, the second physical sub-unit in physical location carries out frequency discrimination to microwave interrogation signals, produces the second light inspection signal; Servo system is carried out frequency-selecting amplification to the second light inspection signal and carries out synchronous phase demodulation with comprehensive modulation signal, produce the second correction voltage and act on VCXO, during alkali metal atom approach exhaustion in the first physical sub-unit, the work of the first physical sub-unit is taken over by the second physical sub-unit, ensure that the continuity of time calibration, and avoid and change the trouble of atomic frequency standard, be specially adapted to the spaceborne time calibration such as satellite, space station.
Embodiment two
Embodiments provide a kind of time calibration device being applied to spacecraft, see Fig. 3, this time calibration device comprises:
VCXO 201, for exporting original frequency signal;
Integration module 202, for generation of comprehensive modulation signal;
Microwave times frequency mixing module 203, for carrying out SHG and THG to original frequency signal and comprehensive modulation signal simultaneously, produces microwave interrogation signals;
Physical location 204, comprises the first physical sub-unit 2041 and the second physical sub-unit 2041; Wherein, the first physical sub-unit, in the time from the first moment to the second moment, carries out frequency discrimination to microwave interrogation signals, produces the first light inspection signal; Second physical sub-unit 2042, in the time from the second moment to the 3rd moment, carries out frequency discrimination to microwave interrogation signals, produces the second light inspection signal;
Servo system 205, for carrying out frequency-selecting amplification to the first light inspection signal and carry out synchronous phase demodulation with comprehensive modulation signal, produces the first correction voltage and acts on VCXO 201; Second light inspection signal is carried out to frequency-selecting amplification and carries out synchronous phase demodulation with comprehensive modulation signal, produces the second correction voltage and act on VCXO 201.
In the present embodiment, the first moment can be the initial time that atomic frequency standard enters operating state, also can be the initial time that atomic frequency standard enters stable state, as enter operating state in atomic frequency standard initial time after 3-5 after.Second moment is when being the alkali metal atom approach exhaustion in the first physical sub-unit, as behind 5 after the first moment year.3rd moment is when being the alkali metal atom approach exhaustion in the second physical sub-unit, as behind 5 after the second moment year.
In time calibration, 87Rb atomic transition frequency is 6834.687MHz, inquire after to realize resonance and synchronously detect, must by microwave interrogation signals being transferred in atomic resonance transition center frequency frequency, namely the microwave interrogation signals coming from quartz oscillator (i.e. VCXO 201) is produced, and in the hyperfine 0-0 jump frequency of the ground state output frequency of VCXO 201 being locked in rubidium atom.
VCXO 201 is initialize signal sources of excitation microwave field, and provide standard frequency to export, the correction voltage control that its frequency of oscillation exports by servo system 205, for time calibration, its phase noise determines the characteristic of making an uproar mutually of the output signal beyond servo loop bandwidth.
The quantum frequency discrimination signal (i.e. light inspection signal) that physical location 204 exports by servo circuit changes direct current correction voltage into, controls the output frequency of VCXO 201, thus completes the locking of loop.
In a kind of implementation of the present embodiment, the first physical sub-unit 2041 can also be used for, and in the time between the 4th moment to the first moment, carries out frequency discrimination to microwave interrogation signals, produces the first light inspection signal.
Second physical sub-unit 2042 can also be used for, and in the time between the 4th moment to the first moment, carries out frequency discrimination to microwave interrogation signals, produces the second light inspection signal.
Servo system 205 can also be used for, and according to the first light inspection signal and the second light inspection signal, produces the 3rd correction voltage and acts on VCXO 201.
In this kind of implementation, the 4th moment was the initial time that atomic frequency standard enters operating state, and the first moment was the initial time that atomic frequency standard enters stable state, after the 3-5 after the 4th moment.
Alternatively, servo system 205 can comprise:
First synchronous phase demodulation unit 2051, for carrying out frequency-selecting amplification to the first light inspection signal and carry out synchronous phase demodulation with comprehensive modulation signal, produces the first correction voltage;
Second synchronous phase demodulation unit 2052, for carrying out frequency-selecting amplification to the second light inspection signal and carry out synchronous phase demodulation with comprehensive modulation signal, produces the second correction voltage;
Central processing unit 2053, positive and negative identical for voltage of rectifying a deviation when the first correction voltage and second, or when the second correction voltage is 0, the first correction voltage is acted on VCXO 201 as the 3rd correction voltage; When the first correction voltage and second voltage of rectify a deviation is positive and negative different, or first rectifies a deviation voltage when being 0, is that the 3rd voltage of rectifying a deviation of 0 acts on VCXO 201 by value.
In the another kind of implementation of the present embodiment, see Fig. 4, physical location 204 can also comprise:
Spectroscopic lamp 2043, inside is filled with rubidium and starter gas, for providing pumping light;
Microwave cavity 2044, is arranged on outside the first physical sub-unit 2041 and the second physical sub-unit 2042, provides microwave field for the microwave resonance for atom;
Uniform magnetic field coil 2045, encloses and arranges around microwave cavity 2044, for generation of the weak magnetostatic field parallel with microwave magnetic field direction;
Magnetic cup 2046, is arranged on outside microwave cavity 2044, for shielding electromagnetic wave;
Constant temperature subelement 2047, is arranged between microwave cavity 2044 and magnetic cup 2046, for the temperature in stability microwave chamber 2044;
Screen 2048, between the first physical sub-unit 2041 and the second physical sub-unit 2042, for isolating the microwave interference between the first physical sub-unit 2041 and the second physical sub-unit 2042.
In the present embodiment, spectroscopic lamp 2043 is rubidium lamps of an electrodless discharge, in bulb except being filled with rubidium, is also filled with the inertia starter gas that excitation potential is low.Conventional starter gas is Kr or Ar.Whole spectroscopic lamp 2043 is by radio frequency source excitation luminescence.
Microwave cavity 2044, uniform magnetic field coil 2045 and the first physical sub-unit 2041 or the second physical sub-unit 2042 form resonant probe part.The Main Function of microwave cavity 2044 is for the microwave resonance of atom provides suitable microwave field.The effect of uniform magnetic field coil 2045 is weak magnetostatic fields that generation one and microwave magnetic field direction parallel, make atomic ground state hyperfine structure generation Zeeman splitting, and provide quantization axle for atomic transition, simultaneously by regulating the size of electric current in uniform magnetic field coil 2045, change the intensity in magnetic field, the output frequency of micro-tensioning system.
Constant temperature subelement 2047 provides the operational environment of temperature constant.
Alternatively, the first physical sub-unit 2041 comprises:
First coupling loop 2041a, for transmitting microwave interrogation signals;
First integrated filtering resonance bubble 2041b, inside is filled with rubidium and buffer gas, for filtering and atomic resonance;
First photocell 2041c, for detecting integrated filtering resonance bubble transmitted light, produces the first light inspection signal;
Wherein, the first integrated filtering resonance bubble 2041b is positioned at the centre of spectroscopic lamp 2043 and the first photocell 2041c.
In the present embodiment, the microwave of external electrical circuit is introduced in microwave cavity 2044 by the first coupling loop 2041a.First photocell 2041c selects the silicon photocell having better sensitivity at 800nm place, as the detector of the first integrated filtering resonance bubble 2041b transmitted light.
Filter and atomic resonance for carrying out in the first integrated filtering resonance bubble 2041b, except needing to be filled with except appropriate 87Rb and 85Rb, also need the mixed buffer gas being filled with suitable pressure, to carry out fluorescent quenching, energy level mixes and reduces Doppler frequency-shift.Namely the ground state hyperfine transition frequency of the 87Rb atom in the first integrated filtering resonance bubble 2041b is the quantum frequency discrimination reference frequency of rubidium time calibration.
Alternatively, the second physical sub-unit 2042 comprises:
Second coupling loop 2042a, for transmitting microwave interrogation signals;
Second integrated filtering resonance bubble 2042b, inside is filled with rubidium and buffer gas, for filtering and atomic resonance;
Second photocell 2042c, for detecting integrated filtering resonance bubble transmitted light, produces the second light inspection signal;
Wherein, the second integrated filtering resonance bubble 2042b is positioned at the centre of spectroscopic lamp 2043 and the second photocell 2042c.
Understandably, in time from the first moment to the second moment, first integrated filtering resonance bubble 2041b participates in normal optical pumping according to principle existing time calibration, light detects, namely have microwave interrogation signals to be applied in the first integrated filtering resonance bubble 2041b by the first coupling loop 2041a, and now the second integrated filtering resonance bubble 2042b does not have the feed-in of microwave field energy.As time goes by, in time from the second moment to the 3rd moment, alkali metal in first integrated filtering resonance bubble 2041b will consume gradually, and the second integrated filtering resonance bubble 2042b is not owing to consuming, such as after 5 years, first integrated filtering resonance bubble 2041b will become useless bubble, at this moment atomic frequency standard will enable second integrated filtering resonance bubble 2042b carry out work continuity, now microwave interrogation signals by the second coupling loop 2042a be fed into second integrated filtering resonance bubble 2042b in.
Preferably, the first integrated filtering resonance absorption bubble 2041b and the second integrated filtering resonance bubble shape of 2042b, structure, size are all identical.
Similarly, the first photocell 2041c is identical with the model of the second photocell 2042c.
In another implementation of the present embodiment, the first muon physics unit can comprise:
First spectroscopic lamp, inside is filled with rubidium and starter gas, for providing pumping light;
First microwave cavity, provides microwave field for the microwave resonance for atom;
First uniform magnetic field coil, encloses and arranges, for generation of the weak magnetostatic field parallel with microwave magnetic field direction around the first microwave cavity;
First magnetic cup, is arranged on outside the first microwave cavity, for shielding electromagnetic wave;
First constant temperature subelement, is arranged between the first microwave cavity and the first magnetic cup, for stablizing the temperature in the first microwave cavity;
First coupling loop, for transmitting microwave interrogation signals;
First integrated filtering resonance bubble, inside is filled with rubidium and buffer gas, for filtering and atomic resonance;
First photocell, for detecting integrated filtering resonance bubble transmitted light, produces the first light inspection signal;
Wherein, the first integrated filtering resonance bubble is positioned at the first spectroscopic lamp and the first photronic centre.
Second muon physics unit can comprise:
Second spectroscopic lamp, inside is filled with rubidium and starter gas, for providing pumping light;
Second microwave cavity, provides microwave field for the microwave resonance for atom;
Second uniform magnetic field coil, encloses and arranges, for generation of the weak magnetostatic field parallel with microwave magnetic field direction around the second microwave cavity;
Second magnetic cup, is arranged on outside the first microwave cavity, for shielding electromagnetic wave;
Second constant temperature subelement, is arranged between the second microwave cavity and the second magnetic cup, for stablizing the temperature in the second microwave cavity;
Second coupling loop, for transmitting microwave interrogation signals;
Second integrated filtering resonance bubble, inside is filled with rubidium and buffer gas, for filtering and atomic resonance;
Second photocell, for detecting integrated filtering resonance bubble transmitted light, produces the second light inspection signal;
Wherein, the second integrated filtering resonance bubble is positioned at the second spectroscopic lamp and the second photronic centre.
The embodiment of the present invention is by the time from the first moment to the second moment, and the first physical sub-unit in physical location carries out frequency discrimination to microwave interrogation signals, produces the first light inspection signal; Servo system is carried out frequency-selecting amplification to the first light inspection signal and carries out synchronous phase demodulation with comprehensive modulation signal, produces the first correction voltage and acts on VCXO; In time from the second moment to the 3rd moment, the second physical sub-unit in physical location carries out frequency discrimination to microwave interrogation signals, produces the second light inspection signal; Servo system is carried out frequency-selecting amplification to the second light inspection signal and carries out synchronous phase demodulation with comprehensive modulation signal, produce the second correction voltage and act on VCXO, during alkali metal atom approach exhaustion in the first physical sub-unit, the work of the first physical sub-unit is taken over by the second physical sub-unit, ensure that the continuity of time calibration, and avoid and change the trouble of atomic frequency standard, be specially adapted to the spaceborne time calibration such as satellite, space station.
It should be noted that: what above-described embodiment provided is applied to the time calibration device of spacecraft when the alignment time, only be illustrated with the division of above-mentioned each functional module, in practical application, can distribute as required and by above-mentioned functions and be completed by different functional modules, internal structure by device is divided into different functional modules, to complete all or part of function described above.In addition, the time calibration device of what above-described embodiment provided be applied to spacecraft belongs to same design with the time calibrating method embodiment being applied to spacecraft, and its specific implementation process refers to embodiment of the method, repeats no more here.
The invention described above embodiment sequence number, just to describing, does not represent the quality of embodiment.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or part of step realizing above-described embodiment can have been come by hardware, the hardware that also can carry out instruction relevant by program completes, described program can be stored in a kind of computer-readable recording medium, the above-mentioned storage medium mentioned can be read-only memory, disk or CD etc.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. be applied to a time calibrating method for spacecraft, described time calibrating method comprises:
VCXO exports original frequency signal;
Integration module produces comprehensive modulation signal;
Microwave times frequency mixing module carries out SHG and THG to described original frequency signal and described comprehensive modulation signal simultaneously, produces microwave interrogation signals;
It is characterized in that, described time calibrating method also comprises:
In time from the first moment to the second moment, the first physical sub-unit in physical location carries out frequency discrimination to described microwave interrogation signals, produces the first light inspection signal; Servo system is carried out frequency-selecting amplification to described first light inspection signal and carries out synchronous phase demodulation with described comprehensive modulation signal, produces the first correction voltage and acts on described VCXO;
In time from described second moment to the 3rd moment, the second physical sub-unit in physical location carries out frequency discrimination to described microwave interrogation signals, produces the second light inspection signal; Servo system is carried out frequency-selecting amplification to described second light inspection signal and carries out synchronous phase demodulation with described comprehensive modulation signal, produces the second correction voltage and acts on described VCXO.
2. time calibrating method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in the time between the 4th moment to described first moment, described time calibrating method also comprises:
Described first physical sub-unit carries out frequency discrimination to described microwave interrogation signals, produces the first light inspection signal;
Described second physical sub-unit carries out frequency discrimination to described microwave interrogation signals, produces the second light inspection signal;
Described servo system, according to described first light inspection signal and described second light inspection signal, produces the 3rd correction voltage and acts on described VCXO.
3. time calibrating method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described servo system, according to described first light inspection signal and described second light inspection signal, produces the 3rd correction voltage and acts on described VCXO, comprising:
The synchronous phase demodulation unit of in servo system first carries out frequency-selecting amplification to described first light inspection signal and carries out synchronous phase demodulation with comprehensive modulation signal, produces the first correction voltage;
The synchronous phase demodulation unit of in servo system second carries out frequency-selecting amplification to described second light inspection signal and carries out synchronous phase demodulation with described comprehensive modulation signal, produces the second correction voltage;
When described first correction voltage and described second voltage of rectify a deviation is positive and negative identical, or when described second correction voltage is 0, the voltage of rectifying a deviation described first of the central processing unit in servo system acts on described VCXO as the 3rd voltage of rectifying a deviation;
When described first correction voltage and described second voltage of rectify a deviation is positive and negative different, or described first rectifies a deviation voltage when being 0, described central processing unit by value be 0 the 3rd voltage of rectifying a deviation act on described VCXO.
4. be applied to a time calibration device for spacecraft, described time calibration device comprises:
VCXO, for exporting original frequency signal;
Integration module, for generation of comprehensive modulation signal;
Microwave times frequency mixing module, for carrying out SHG and THG to described original frequency signal and described comprehensive modulation signal simultaneously, produces microwave interrogation signals;
It is characterized in that, described time calibration device also comprises:
Physical location, comprises the first physical sub-unit and the second physical sub-unit; Wherein, described first physical sub-unit, in the time from the first moment to the second moment, carries out frequency discrimination to described microwave interrogation signals, produces the first light inspection signal; Described second physical sub-unit, in the time from described second moment to the 3rd moment, carries out frequency discrimination to described microwave interrogation signals, produces the second light inspection signal;
Servo system, for carrying out frequency-selecting amplification to described first light inspection signal and carry out synchronous phase demodulation with described comprehensive modulation signal, produces the first correction voltage and acts on described VCXO; Described second light inspection signal is carried out to frequency-selecting amplification and carries out synchronous phase demodulation with described comprehensive modulation signal, produces the second correction voltage and act on described VCXO.
5. time calibration device according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described first physical sub-unit also for, in the time between the 4th moment to described first moment, frequency discrimination is carried out to described microwave interrogation signals, produce first light inspection signal;
Described second physical sub-unit also for, in the time between described 4th moment to described first moment, frequency discrimination is carried out to described microwave interrogation signals, produce second light inspection signal;
Described servo system also for, according to described first light inspection signal and described second light inspection signal, produce the 3rd correction voltage act on described VCXO.
6. time calibration device according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described servo system comprises:
First synchronous phase demodulation unit, for carrying out frequency-selecting amplification to described first light inspection signal and carry out synchronous phase demodulation with comprehensive modulation signal, produces the first correction voltage;
Second synchronous phase demodulation unit, for carrying out frequency-selecting amplification to described second light inspection signal and carry out synchronous phase demodulation with described comprehensive modulation signal, produces the second correction voltage;
Central processing unit, positive and negative identical for voltage of rectifying a deviation when described first correction voltage and described second, or when described second correction voltage is 0, described first correction voltage is acted on described VCXO as the 3rd correction voltage; When described first correction voltage and described second voltage of rectify a deviation is positive and negative different, or described first rectifies a deviation voltage when being 0, is that the 3rd voltage of rectifying a deviation of 0 acts on described VCXO by value.
7. the time calibration device according to any one of claim 4-6, is characterized in that, described physical location also comprises:
Spectroscopic lamp, inside is filled with rubidium and starter gas, for providing pumping light;
Microwave cavity, is arranged on outside described first physical sub-unit and described second physical sub-unit, provides microwave field for the microwave resonance for atom;
Uniform magnetic field coil, encloses and arranges around described microwave cavity, for generation of the weak magnetostatic field parallel with microwave magnetic field direction;
Magnetic cup, is arranged on outside described microwave cavity, for shielding electromagnetic wave;
Constant temperature subelement, is arranged between described microwave cavity and described magnetic cup, for stablizing the temperature in described microwave cavity;
Screen, between described first physical sub-unit and described second physical sub-unit, for isolating the microwave interference between described first physical sub-unit and described second physical sub-unit.
8. time calibration device according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described first physical sub-unit comprises:
First coupling loop, for transmitting microwave interrogation signals;
First integrated filtering resonance bubble, inside is filled with rubidium and buffer gas, for filtering and atomic resonance;
First photocell, for detecting integrated filtering resonance bubble transmitted light, produces the first light inspection signal;
Wherein, described first integrated filtering resonance bubble is positioned at described spectroscopic lamp and described first photronic centre;
Described second physical sub-unit comprises:
Second coupling loop, for transmitting microwave interrogation signals;
Second integrated filtering resonance bubble, inside is filled with rubidium and buffer gas, for filtering and atomic resonance;
Second photocell, for detecting integrated filtering resonance bubble transmitted light, produces the second light inspection signal;
Wherein, described second integrated filtering resonance bubble is positioned at described spectroscopic lamp and described second photronic centre.
9. time calibration device according to claim 8, is characterized in that, the shape that described first integrated filtering resonance absorption bubble steeps with described second integrated filtering resonance, structure, size are all identical.
10. the time calibration device according to any one of claim 4-6, is characterized in that, described first muon physics unit comprises:
First spectroscopic lamp, inside is filled with rubidium and starter gas, for providing pumping light;
First microwave cavity, provides microwave field for the microwave resonance for atom;
First uniform magnetic field coil, encloses and arranges, for generation of the weak magnetostatic field parallel with microwave magnetic field direction around described first microwave cavity;
First magnetic cup, is arranged on outside described first microwave cavity, for shielding electromagnetic wave;
First constant temperature subelement, is arranged between described first microwave cavity and described first magnetic cup, for stablizing the temperature in described first microwave cavity;
First coupling loop, for transmitting microwave interrogation signals;
First integrated filtering resonance bubble, inside is filled with rubidium and buffer gas, for filtering and atomic resonance;
First photocell, for detecting integrated filtering resonance bubble transmitted light, produces the first light inspection signal;
Wherein, described first integrated filtering resonance bubble is positioned at described first spectroscopic lamp and described first photronic centre;
Described second muon physics unit comprises:
Second spectroscopic lamp, inside is filled with rubidium and starter gas, for providing pumping light;
Second microwave cavity, provides microwave field for the microwave resonance for atom;
Second uniform magnetic field coil, encloses and arranges, for generation of the weak magnetostatic field parallel with microwave magnetic field direction around described second microwave cavity;
Second magnetic cup, is arranged on outside described first microwave cavity, for shielding electromagnetic wave;
Second constant temperature subelement, is arranged between described second microwave cavity and described second magnetic cup, for stablizing the temperature in described second microwave cavity;
Second coupling loop, for transmitting microwave interrogation signals;
Second integrated filtering resonance bubble, inside is filled with rubidium and buffer gas, for filtering and atomic resonance;
Second photocell, for detecting integrated filtering resonance bubble transmitted light, produces the second light inspection signal;
Wherein, described second integrated filtering resonance bubble is positioned at described second spectroscopic lamp and described second photronic centre.
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| CN113050752A (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2021-06-29 | 中车青岛四方车辆研究所有限公司 | Method and storage medium for time synchronization of two central processing units |
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| CN104467837B (en) | 2017-09-19 |
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