CN104467327A - Permanent magnet segmented PWM array sine wave disc type motor - Google Patents
Permanent magnet segmented PWM array sine wave disc type motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN104467327A CN104467327A CN201410812713.8A CN201410812713A CN104467327A CN 104467327 A CN104467327 A CN 104467327A CN 201410812713 A CN201410812713 A CN 201410812713A CN 104467327 A CN104467327 A CN 104467327A
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- permanent magnet
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K16/00—Machines with more than one rotor or stator
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K16/00—Machines with more than one rotor or stator
- H02K16/02—Machines with one stator and two or more rotors
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of disc type motors, in particular to a sine wave disc permanent magnet synchronous motor, and discloses a permanent magnet segmented PWM array sine wave disc type motor. The permanent magnet segmented PWM array sine wave disc type motor comprises rotor discs, stator discs and permanent magnets, and the permanent magnets are mounted on the rotor discs. The stator discs are mounted between every two stator discs, and the number of the rotor discs is larger than the number of the stator discs by one. The stator discs and the rotor discs are coaxially mounted, and the stator discs and the rotor discs are alternately arrayed in the axial direction. The permanent magnets of each pole on the rotor discs are arranged in a segmented mode, the number of the permanent magnet segments under each pole is an odd number, and the width of each permanent magnet segment is determined according to the PWM principle. The harmonic component of the induced electromotive force of the motor is lowered, and the harmonic loss of the motor is reduced. The vortex loss of the permanent magnets is lowered, the temperature of the permanent magnets on rotors is lowered, the high-temperature demagnetization risk of the permanent magnets is lowered, and the efficiency of the motor is improved. The permanent magnets of each pole are the same in thickness and are beneficial to processing and designing. Meanwhile, after multiple segments of permanent magnets are divided, the mounting process can be better simplified.
Description
Technical field
Permanent magnet segmentation PWM of the present invention arranges sinusoidal wave disc type electric machine and relates to disc type electric machine field, particularly a kind of sine wave disk type permanent magnet synchronous machine.
Background technology
In machine field, magneto is high due to its compact conformation, power density, is therefore subject to the lasting extensive concern of academia and industrial quarters always.Disc type electric machine, as an important branch of magneto, along with the appearance of the development of permanent magnetic material, particularly high-performance Ne-Fe-B permanent-magnet material, obtains further development.It is little that disc type permanent magnet synchronous electric motor has axial dimension compared to radial permanent magnet synchronous machine, and overload capacity waits key property by force, therefore has higher using value in the occasion that some environmental requirements are higher.
Although disc type electric machine has torque density high, due to the existence of permanent magnet, under unloaded and band carry, there is larger core loss.For the disc type electric machine (as square wave permanent magnetic disc type electric machine) that air gap magnetic density waveform harmonic content is large, because air-gap field contains a large amount of high order harmonic components, for there being stator structure unshakable in one's determination, a large amount of core loss can be produced in stator core in the process of High Rotation Speed, thus reduce the operational efficiency of disc type electric machine; For coreless stator structure, stator winding is directly exposed in air-gap field, therefore high-speed cruising, and stator winding can produce eddy current loss, and the frequency quadratic power of eddy current loss and air gap flux density is in direct ratio, very large eddy current loss can be brought to causing high order harmonic component.Therefore, under the condition that guaranteed output density is constant, improve the important directions that air gap magnetic density waveform sine degree is disc type electric machine design optimization.
For the sine of air gap magnetic density waveform, there is different schemes from rotor structure optimization.No matter for radial permanent magnet synchronous machine or disc type electric machine, by changing the shape of every extremely lower permanent magnet, the air gap flux density of comparatively sine can be formed.As surface-mount type permagnetic synchronous motor, by change the permanent magnet under each rotor pole pole embrace or change permanent magnet radian can realize each extremely under air-gap field sineization.Patent 201010293089.7 discloses a kind of permagnetic synchronous motor, although it is permanent magnet built-in rotor structure, rotor pole adopts a kind of special construction, reaches the object of air gap flux density sine.These methods in fact also bring the increase of permanent magnet difficulty of processing, and gas length is uneven simultaneously, can have influence on the power density of motor.Patent 200910310623.8 discloses a kind of Halbach array external rotor of composite-structure permanent magnet motor, owing to adopting Halbach array structure, is therefore easy to the change of the sine realizing air gap flux density.Unauthorized patent: 200510047678.6 propose a kind of AC plate type non-core permasyn based on Halbach array, and what its rotor adopted is also Halbach array magnet structure.It should be noted that, although Halbach array permanent magnet applications has in magneto improve many benefits such as air-gap field sine degree and the close amplitude of magnetic, but, each magnetizing direction of every section of permanent magnet of Halbach array that extremely descends is different, increase the difficulty of the processing of permanent magnet, also bring the problems of installing difficulty on rotor simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the weak point for disc type electric machine, a kind of permanent magnet segmentation PWM is provided to arrange sinusoidal wave disc type electric machine, according to PWM principle by every extremely under permanent magnet be divided into some sections and arrange, thus realize the sine of air gap magnetic density waveform, be conducive to reducing the close high order harmonic component of motor gas-gap magnetic, improve the sine degree of air gap flux density, thus reduce the loss on stator, improve motor operational efficiency.
Permanent magnet segmentation PWM takes following technical scheme to realize when arranging sinusoidal wave disc type electric machine: permanent magnet segmentation PWM arranges sinusoidal wave disc type electric machine and comprises rotor disk, stator disc and permanent magnet, and permanent magnet is arranged on rotor disk; Stator disc is arranged between two rotor disks, at least more than stator disc number one of rotor disk number, and stator disc and rotor disk are coaxially installed, and stator disc and rotor disk are alternately arranged in the axial direction; Every pole permanent magnet subsection setup on rotor disk, often extremely under permanent magnet hop count be odd number, the width of every section of permanent magnet is determined according to pulse-width modulation (PWM) principle.
On described rotor, 2k+1 block permanent magnet is installed in every pole, wherein k be greater than zero positive integer, kth+1 piece of permanent magnet is arranged on the centerline of every pole, other 2k block permanent magnets are divided into two parts, symmetrical is arranged on kth+1 piece of both sides, k block permanent magnet is installed on every limit, and the width of every block permanent magnet reduces from centre gradually to edge, and two pieces of permanent magnet width for center line symmetry are the same; The width of 2k+1 block permanent magnet calculates according to pulse length modulation principle (PWM), its every extremely under installation site be also that the Proportionality design calculated according to pulse length modulation principle (PWM) obtains.
Described disc type electric machine adopts coreless stator structure or has stator structure unshakable in one's determination.
The thickness of described epitrochanterian permanent magnet is determined according to the size of required air gap flux density, and magnetic is close larger, and required permanent magnet is thicker.
On rotor, the permanent magnet of every pole is divided into some sections, and institute's segments is no less than 3 sections, often extremely under permanent magnet segments be 3,5,7,9 ... odd number block number, often extremely under permanent magnet extremely descend permanent magnet segments and its position of installing jointly to determine according to this.
In order to realize the Sine distribution of air-gap field, often extremely descend multistage permanent magnet to be arranged on rotor according to pulse length modulation principle, the width of every section also designs accordingly, thus reaches the effect of air-gap field Sine distribution.Concrete, every pole installation 2k+1 block permanent magnet on rotor, wherein k be greater than zero positive integer; According to pulse length modulation principle, every extremely under 2k+1 block permanent magnet in kth+1 piece of permanent magnet be arranged on the centerline of every pole, other 2k block permanent magnets are divided into two parts, symmetry is arranged on the both sides of kth+1 piece of permanent magnet center line, k block permanent magnet is installed on every limit, the width of every block permanent magnet reduces from centre gradually to edge, and the width of two pieces of permanent magnets of relative centre line symmetry is the same; The width of 2k+1 block permanent magnet calculates according to pulse length modulation principle, its every extremely under installation site be also that the Proportionality design calculated according to pulse length modulation principle (PWM) obtains.Pulse length modulation principle (PWM) in fact replaces a half-sinusoid with the pulse that a series of constant amplitude is not wide; By half-sinusoid 2k+1 decile, then can regard the pulse train that 2k+1 is connected with each other as, width is equal, but amplitude is not etc.; Finally replace with rectangular pulse, constant amplitude, not wide, mid point overlaps, area equation.That is, the installation site central point of n-th piece of permanent magnet is identical with the central point of the n-th Square wave pulses, and permanent magnet width equals the width of rectangular pulse.The width of described every section of permanent magnet and the position of permanent magnet are determined according to pulse length modulation principle, and computational methods are as follows: rotor is extremely lower point N number of permanent magnet often, and wherein N is more than or equal to 3, and under setting magnetic state, the arc length of the every pole of permanent magnet is L, often extremely under position coordinates be
, so the expression formula of sine wave modulation ripple is set as
; H be greater than 0 numerical value; Then extremely corresponding waveforms amplitude is descended also to be H at this, by determining width and the position of every section of permanent magnet at this extremely lower intersection point between corresponding carrier wave and sine wave modulation ripple; The center line of every block permanent magnet is consistent with the center line of the square wave that this extremely lower corresponding carrier wave is formed with sinusoidal wave intersection point, and width is the width of square wave.
Technique scheme is mainly the segments of every pole permanent magnet and the determination of installation site on rotor, thus reaches the desirable sine wave distribution of air-gap field.According to pulse length modulation principle (PWM), generally every segments of permanent magnet that extremely descends is odd number, and the sine degree of the more air gap flux densities of segments is higher.But, because permanent magnet segmentation is too many, difficulty of processing and permanent magnet mounting process also more complicated.In addition, the width of every section of permanent magnet blocks is determined according to PWM principle and segments, different permanent magnet blocks one extremely under along the circumferential direction have more diverse location the permanent magnet blocks of different in width be installed.And the magnetic density of air gap can be ensured by the adjusted design of choosing of the thickness of every block permanent magnet.
The thickness of permanent magnet is calculated by disc type electric machine magnetic circuit and obtains, and the size of air-gap field density arranges the thickness of corresponding permanent magnetism as required, and computational methods are as follows:
Air gap flux density amplitude:
,
Be wherein
for every block magnetic pole thickness,
for rotor disk number,
for permanent magnet residual magnetism density,
for the axial space length of stator region between rotor disk.
Disc-type permanent magnet motor of the present invention has following outstanding beneficial effect:
1) adopt permanent magnet PWM fragmentation technique, achieve the Sine distribution of air-gap field from motor body, thus be conducive to the harmonic component reducing motor induced potential, reduce the harmonic loss of motor.
2) often extremely descend permanent magnet fragmentation technique owing to have employed, thus reduce the eddy current loss of permanent magnet, reduce the temperature of permanent magnet on rotor, reduce permanent magnet high temperature demagnetization risk, improve electric efficiency.
3) adopt segmentation permanent magnet, every pole permanent magnet thickness is identical is conducive to fabrication design; After being divided into multistage permanent magnet, the installation magnetic field repulsive force each other of permanent magnet can reduce, thus is conducive to the simplification of mounting process simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
below with reference to accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described:
Fig. 1 is arrangement permanent magnetism of the present invention sinusoidal wave disk type coreless motor electric component structural representation;
Fig. 2 is the rotor structure schematic diagram of the every extremely lower point three sections of permanent magnets of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the rotor structure schematic diagram of the every extremely lower point five sections of permanent magnets of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the PWM location mode of the every extremely lower point three sections of permanent magnets of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the PWM location mode of the every extremely lower point three sections of permanent magnets of the embodiment of the present invention;
In figure: 1, disc type stator armature winding, 2, rotor yoke, 3, permanent magnet.
Embodiment
With reference to accompanying drawing 1 ~ 4, permanent magnet segmentation PWM of the present invention arranges sinusoidal wave disc type electric machine and comprises rotor disk, stator disc and permanent magnet, and permanent magnet is arranged on rotor disk; Stator disc is arranged between two rotor disks, at least more than stator disc number one of rotor disk number, and stator disc and rotor disk are coaxially installed, and stator disc and rotor disk are alternately arranged in the axial direction; Every pole permanent magnet subsection setup on rotor disk, often extremely under permanent magnet hop count be odd number, the width of every section of permanent magnet is determined according to pulse-width modulation (PWM) principle.
On described rotor, 2k+1 block permanent magnet is installed in every pole, wherein k be greater than zero positive integer, kth+1 piece of permanent magnet is arranged on the centerline of every pole, other 2k block permanent magnets are divided into two parts, symmetrical is arranged on kth+1 piece of both sides, k block permanent magnet is installed on every limit, and the width of every block permanent magnet reduces from centre gradually to edge, and two pieces of permanent magnet width for center line symmetry are the same; The width of 2k+1 block permanent magnet calculates according to pulse length modulation principle (PWM), its every extremely under installation site be also that the Proportionality design calculated according to pulse length modulation principle (PWM) obtains.
Described disc type electric machine adopts coreless stator structure or has stator structure unshakable in one's determination.
The thickness of described epitrochanterian permanent magnet is determined according to the size of required air gap flux density, and magnetic is close larger, and required permanent magnet is thicker.
As shown in Figure 1, the invention solves a kind of rotor structure generating sinusoidal wave air-gap field, be the rotor structure of sinusoidal wave disc type electric machine of the present invention as shown in Figures 2 and 3, its rotor is all be 2 pairs of electrode structures, every extremely under be divided into three sections of permanent magnets and four sections of permanent magnets respectively, one extremely under the width of every block permanent magnet calculate according to pulse modulation technology PWM principle.The general principle of pulse modulation technology is the square wave that multiple constant amplitude can be become not wide by pulse area equal principle equivalence a sine wave.
More than discuss epitrochanterian permanent magnet each extremely under position and the certain relation of width demand fulfillment, determine according to PWM principle, below concrete example is illustrated how to determine permanent magnet installation site, width and thickness.
With reference to the rotor structure shown in Fig. 2, often extremely lower point of three permanent magnets, setting the arc length of the every pole of permanent magnet under magnetic state is L, often extremely under position coordinates be
, the expression formula of sine wave modulation ripple can be set as so as shown in Figure 4:
；
H can be set as that 1 grade is greater than arbitrarily the numerical value of 0.
The amplitude of triangular wave carrier is also H, one extremely under waveform by every extremely under the segments of permanent magnet determine, be the triangular carrier under three sections shown in Fig. 4.Determined width and the position of every section of permanent magnet by the intersection point between triangular carrier and sine wave modulation ripple, installation site and the width of permanent magnet segmentation below every pole can be calculated by three square waves below in Fig. 4; The center line of every block permanent magnet is consistent with the center line of the square wave that triangular carrier is formed with sinusoidal wave intersection point, and width is the width of square wave.And the thickness of permanent magnet can calculate acquisition by disc type electric machine magnetic circuit, need the much thickness that corresponding permanent magnetism is set of air-gap field density.Should be noted that a bit, also can by keeping above-mentioned triangular wave carrier amplitude constant, the amplitude that adjustment is sinusoidal wave, its amplitude is reduced, can reduce the width of permanent magnet so accordingly, thus the magnetic reducing gas magnetic magnetic field is close.
In like manner can obtain, as shown in Figure 3 every extremely under permanent magnet be divided into five sections, its segmentation position and width can calculate acquisition according to Fig. 5.Principle according to this, often extremely descend permanent magnet be divided into 7 sections, 9 sections ... position and the computational methods of width similar.
Above embodiment is only and technological thought of the present invention is described, can not limit protection scope of the present invention with this, and every technological thought proposed according to the present invention, any change that technical scheme basis is done, all falls within scope.
Claims (6)
1. permanent magnet segmentation PWM arranges a sinusoidal wave disc type electric machine, it is characterized in that, comprises rotor disk, stator disc and permanent magnet, and permanent magnet is arranged on rotor disk; Stator disc is arranged between two rotor disks, at least more than stator disc number one of rotor disk number, and stator disc and rotor disk are coaxially installed, and stator disc and rotor disk are alternately arranged in the axial direction; Every pole permanent magnet subsection setup on rotor disk, often extremely under permanent magnet hop count be odd number, the width of every section of permanent magnet is determined according to pulse length modulation principle.
2. permanent magnet segmentation PWM according to claim 1 arranges sinusoidal wave disc type electric machine, it is characterized in that: on described rotor, 2k+1 block permanent magnet is installed in every pole, wherein k be greater than zero positive integer, kth+1 piece of permanent magnet is arranged on the centerline of every pole, other 2k block permanent magnets are divided into two parts, and symmetrical is arranged on kth+1 piece of both sides, and k block permanent magnet is installed on every limit, the width of every block permanent magnet reduces from centre gradually to edge, and two pieces of permanent magnet width for center line symmetry are the same; The width of 2k+1 block permanent magnet calculates according to pulse length modulation principle, and it is also obtain according to the Proportionality design of pulse length modulation principle calculating in every extremely lower installation site.
3. permanent magnet segmentation PWM according to claim 1 arranges sinusoidal wave disc type electric machine, it is characterized in that: described disc type electric machine adopts coreless stator structure or has stator structure unshakable in one's determination.
4. permanent magnet segmentation PWM according to claim 1 arranges sinusoidal wave disc type electric machine, it is characterized in that: the thickness of described epitrochanterian permanent magnet is determined according to the size of required air gap flux density, and magnetic is close larger, and required permanent magnet is thicker.
5. permanent magnet segmentation PWM according to claim 1 and 2 arranges sinusoidal wave disc type electric machine, it is characterized in that, the width of described every section of permanent magnet and the position of permanent magnet are determined according to pulse length modulation principle, computational methods are as follows: rotor is extremely lower point N number of permanent magnet often, wherein N is more than or equal to 3, under setting magnetic state, the arc length of the every pole of permanent magnet is L, often extremely under position coordinates be
, so the expression formula of sine wave modulation ripple is set as
; H be greater than 0 numerical value; Then extremely corresponding waveforms amplitude is descended also to be H at this, by determining width and the position of every section of permanent magnet at this extremely lower intersection point between corresponding carrier wave and sine wave modulation ripple; The center line of every block permanent magnet is consistent with the center line of the square wave that this extremely lower corresponding carrier wave is formed with sinusoidal wave intersection point, and width is the width of square wave.
6. permanent magnet segmentation PWM according to claim 4 arranges sinusoidal wave disc type electric machine, it is characterized in that, the thickness of permanent magnet is calculated by disc type electric machine magnetic circuit and obtains, and the size of air-gap field density arranges the thickness of corresponding permanent magnetism as required, and computational methods are as follows:
Air gap flux density amplitude:
,
Be wherein
for every block magnetic pole thickness,
for rotor disk number,
for permanent magnet residual magnetism density,
for the axial space length of stator region between rotor disk.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410812713.8A CN104467327A (en) | 2014-12-24 | 2014-12-24 | Permanent magnet segmented PWM array sine wave disc type motor |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410812713.8A CN104467327A (en) | 2014-12-24 | 2014-12-24 | Permanent magnet segmented PWM array sine wave disc type motor |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2022170894A1 (en) * | 2021-02-10 | 2022-08-18 | 株洲中车时代电气股份有限公司 | Permanent magnet arrangement method for electric motor |
| WO2023173769A1 (en) * | 2022-03-16 | 2023-09-21 | 浙江方正电机股份有限公司 | Rotor structure and forming method therefor, and electric motor structure |
-
2014
- 2014-12-24 CN CN201410812713.8A patent/CN104467327A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2022170894A1 (en) * | 2021-02-10 | 2022-08-18 | 株洲中车时代电气股份有限公司 | Permanent magnet arrangement method for electric motor |
| WO2023173769A1 (en) * | 2022-03-16 | 2023-09-21 | 浙江方正电机股份有限公司 | Rotor structure and forming method therefor, and electric motor structure |
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Application publication date: 20150325 |
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