CN104463936A - Indoor explosion simulation method based on virtual reality - Google Patents
Indoor explosion simulation method based on virtual reality Download PDFInfo
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- CN104463936A CN104463936A CN201410710928.9A CN201410710928A CN104463936A CN 104463936 A CN104463936 A CN 104463936A CN 201410710928 A CN201410710928 A CN 201410710928A CN 104463936 A CN104463936 A CN 104463936A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T13/00—Animation
- G06T13/20—3D [Three Dimensional] animation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T2210/00—Indexing scheme for image generation or computer graphics
- G06T2210/24—Fluid dynamics
Abstract
The invention discloses an indoor explosion simulation method based on virtual reality. The indoor explosion simulation method based on virtual reality comprises the steps that various solid models are constructed; broken models in the various solid models are processed based on the Voronoi image segmentation principle, the rigid body attribute is added to the processed broken model, rigid body movement is simulated according to a rigid body kinematics formula, and explosive breakage simulation is achieved; a particle system used for simulating the explosion effect is combined with the explosive breakage simulation, so that indoor explosion simulation is achieved. According to the indoor explosion simulation method based on virtual reality, an indoor explosion can be simulated quite truly, and a simulation result can serve as the reference for making a relevant emergency plan and can also be used for safety maneuvering of relevant units.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of computer technology, particularly relate to a kind of detonation inside emulation mode based on virtual reality.
Background technology
Virtual reality is a kind of thelematics based on computer graphics, is widely used in industry-by-industry.Various simulation means all must consider real-time and the authenticity of analogue system simultaneously, but the better system of authenticity can require that computing machine does a large amount of calculating on backstage, thus sacrifices real-time; Equally, excessive pursuit real-time also can reduce the demand to simulating realistic.
The simulation of detonation inside is different from the simulation of other accidents, and blast occurs in indoor and understands at a large amount of energy of abrupt release, causes huge destruction, explodes simultaneously and also can produce different consequences according to the difference of ambient indoor environment.
Current stage, simulate relevant method with detonation inside, technology is little; Thus, research and develop a kind of high validity simulating scheme to estimate the harm that may bring of exploding and become particularly important.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of detonation inside emulation mode based on virtual reality, analog simulation can be carried out to detonation inside comparatively really, the reference that simulation result can be formulated as relevant emergency preplan, also can be used as relevant unit and carry out safe rehearsal.
The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
Based on a detonation inside emulation mode for virtual reality, the method comprises:
Build all kinds of solid model;
Based on Voronoi figure segmentation principle, the break-up model in described all kinds of solid model is processed, and add rigid body attribute for the break-up model after process, according to rigid body kinematics formula simulation rigid motion, realize the broken emulation of blast;
The particIe system being used for simulated explosion effect is combined with the broken simulation of described blast, realizes detonation inside emulation.
Further, described all kinds of solid model comprises: person model, character animation model, break-up model and model of place.
Further, describedly process carried out to the break-up model in described all kinds of solid model comprise based on Voronoi figure segmentation principle:
Adopt in the inside of described break-up model the probability density function of normal distribution to distribute and some seeds are set;
According to the break-up model arranging some seeds, adopt delta algorithm to generate three-dimensional Voronoi and scheme;
Model carries out splitting and producing fragment by the three-dimensional Voronoi figure according to generating.
Further, the method also comprises: create the particIe system being used for simulated explosion effect;
Described particIe system comprises: flame particIe system and smoke particle system; Wherein, the fireball size in flame particIe system and duration, by High formulae discovery, do corresponding setting by the data calculated to flame particIe system; Described smoke particle system carries out modeling by Navier-Stokes fluid mechanics equation, calculates smog diffusion and the stressing conditions filling the air process by Navier-Stokes fluid mechanics equation.
As seen from the above technical solution provided by the invention, combine the technology such as particIe system, rigid body smashing principle, 3 D Dynamic Graphics Simulation, propose one is carried out virtual reality under indoor environment method to explosion accident; ParticIe system is responsible for the visual effect playing up blast, makes the effect that simulation reaches more true to nature; And by introducing rigid body smashing principle and the rear fragment produced of Voronoi figure segmentation principle making blast, simulate blast to the impact of periphery object generation and destruction simultaneously; Make whole simulation more lively, true.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present invention, below the accompanying drawing used required in describing embodiment is briefly described, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawings can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
The process flow diagram of a kind of detonation inside emulation mode based on virtual reality that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The process flow diagram of the break process based on Voronoi figure that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The schematic diagram realizing detonation inside emulation that Fig. 3 provides for the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, be clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on embodiments of the invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to protection scope of the present invention.
What the present invention proposed is a kind of emulation mode to detonation inside, the method combines particIe system, the technology such as rigid body smashing principle, 3 D Dynamic Graphics Simulation, display, simulates the actual environment that detonation inside occurs, and is estimated the harm of exploding and may bring by flash demo.
The basic thought of particIe system is gathered together as fundamental element by the particle of many simple shapes, forms an irregular fuzzy objective, thus system---the particIe system that formation one is closed.Containing a large amount of particle pels in particIe system, each particle has certain attribute, such as quality, volume coordinate, color, shape, speed, acceleration, life cycle etc.These particle pels are used for playing up some irregular fuzzy objectives as the fundamental element in particIe system.The some numerical results High formula in the incompressible fluid equation of momentum in Navier Stokes equation (Navier-Stokes) is then refer in the render process of exploding in the present invention, random variation model simultaneously in conjunction with particIe system and qualitative, quantitative is simulated detonation inside, is guaranteeing to allow simulation more smooth, true to nature in real situation.
Rigid body fragmentation simulation is one, graphics field heat subject always.The means of rigid body fragmentation simulation mainly concentrate on following two kinds of methods---physically based deformation and splitting based on geometry.The broken analogy method of the rigid body of physically based deformation focuses on the actual physical attribute of reduction object, and simulate effect is true, but due to huge calculated amount sacrifice emulation real-time, reduce Consumer's Experience.The broken analogy method of rigid body based on geometry segmentation is directly based on visual effect, carries out geometry divide to reach broken effect to model.What the present invention adopted is scheme as splitting the algorithm of masterplate, the fragment formed after this algorithm Voronoi network analog solid crushing by oronoi, simulate effect and true fragmentation very close.
Animation part can be made by three-dimensional softwares such as 3DMax (a kind of three-dimensional software), by the ability of person model being carried out to skeleton, covering operation makes person model have to possess motion, then makes character animation by frame technique.The impact that animation will produce periphery personage when showing blast generation in the simulation process of detonation inside.
BillBorading dimension display technologies, be a kind of by the jobbie in three-dimensional scenic towards adjusting, make it all the time towards the technology of a certain target.This technology is widely used in three-dimensional environment modeling, for an extremely complicated geometric model is replaced by the plane that is posted this model texture, and by by this plane towards adjusting to towards viewpoint direction all the time, in the process that user is roamed at three-dimensional scenic, produce 3-D display effect, this method can by the cost of sacrificing a small amount of model authenticity, bring the very big reduction of model modeling difficulty and modeling rendering expense, this technology is also guarantee to emulate an important means of real-time.
Embodiment
The process flow diagram of a kind of detonation inside emulation mode based on virtual reality that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention.As shown in Figure 1, the method mainly comprises the steps:
Step 11, build all kinds of solid model.
In the embodiment of the present invention, described all kinds of solid model comprises: person model, character animation model, break-up model and model of place.
Step 12, based on Voronoi figure segmentation principle, the break-up model in described all kinds of solid model to be processed, and add rigid body attribute for the break-up model after process, according to rigid body kinematics formula simulation rigid motion, realize the broken emulation of blast.
Describedly process is carried out to the break-up model in described all kinds of solid model comprise based on Voronoi figure segmentation principle: adopt in the inside of described break-up model the probability density function of normal distribution to distribute and some seeds are set; According to the break-up model arranging some seeds, adopt delta algorithm to generate three-dimensional Voronoi and scheme; Model carries out splitting and producing fragment by the three-dimensional Voronoi figure according to generating.
Step 13, the particIe system being used for simulated explosion effect to be combined with the broken simulation of described blast, to realize detonation inside emulation.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the described particIe system for simulated explosion effect comprises: flame particIe system and smoke particle system; Wherein, the fireball size in flame particIe system and duration, by High formulae discovery, do corresponding setting by the data calculated to flame particIe system; Described smoke particle system carries out modeling by Navier-Stokes fluid mechanics equation, calculates smog diffusion and the stressing conditions filling the air process by Navier-Stokes fluid mechanics equation.
In the embodiment of the present invention, particIe system is a kind of figure thought effectively can simulating irregular movement scenery or phenomenon, it is regarded the fuzzy objective of motion to determine by limited having the set that the fluidized particle of attribute forms as, particle is full of the space residing for it in a continuous or discrete manner, and constantly moves.Particle has certain attribute, as quality, residing locus, outward appearance (as color, brightness, shape, size etc.), movement properties (as speed, acceleration etc.), lifetime etc., the attribute that particle has depends primarily on concrete application.
For the ease of understanding, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 2-3, the present invention is described further.
As shown in Figure 2, the above-mentioned detonation inside modeling scheme of the embodiment of the present invention can complete by instruments such as 3Ds Max and Unity3D (a kind of game engine).
Preliminary preparation mainly by 3Ds Max, comprising: 1) make all kinds of solid models in scene, comprise person model, character animation, break-up model, model of place; 2) based on the break process of Voronoi figure.As shown in Figure 3, first, in break-up model, seed is placed; These Seed Points are for obtained Voronoi polygon and getable chip shape can play conclusive effect below, consider broken randomness, these point choose should centered by the point of impingement stochastic distribution, the probability density function of normal distribution can be adopted to decide the distribution of seed; Namely application point with r be radius region in the number N of seed, these seeds obey stochastic distribution again in region; After seed is placed, classical delta algorithm can be adopted to generate three-dimensional Voronoi and to scheme; After generating Voronoi figure, according to generation Voronoi figure, model is carried out splitting and producing fragment.
Post-processed mainly completes in Unity3D, building comprising environment, the establishment of particIe system, the simulation of physical effect, and the writing of script; Specifically:
1) environmental structure: environmental structure refers to that the surrounding enviroment by accident occurs are simulated out by 3-D technology.This part is two parts, the landform occurred by the terrain editor device drafting accident of Unity3D platform, then creates mock-up by 3Ds Max.Under mock-up being imported to Unity3D platform, put in suitable landform, to build a complete demo environment.
2) physical effect simulation: physical effect is mainly realized by the physical engine on Unity 3D platform.Developer can simulate the physical effects such as Rigid Body Collision, vehicle drive, cloth, gravity efficiently, realistically by physical engine, makes game picture more truly lively.The mainly impinger used in embodiments of the present invention and rigid body (the two all belongs to the simulation of physical effect), impinger is used to collision detection and simulated crash effect; Rigid body defines the weight of object, friction factor, the character such as material.
3) establishment of particIe system.Blast is generally all caused by explosive or chemical substance.Be characterized in that moment can discharge powerful heat energy, form high temperature and high pressure gas, flame, and expansion work to external world.Therefore, when blast process produces, generally have following performance: produce flame, produce smog, ambient substance is impacted.So should be this emulation establishment two kinds of particIe systems---flame particIe system and blast particIe system.
In order to ensure the authenticity emulated, the fireball size in flame particIe system and duration can High formulae discovery again, do corresponding setting by the data calculated to flame particIe system; Smoke particle system needs to carry out modeling by Navier-Stokes equation.After blast generation, smog can enter air with certain speed, because smog can rub with air, can be subject to the effect of air shearing forces and produce rotation, distortion, forming turbulence effects.In addition, the temperature of periphery and the temperature difference of smog itself are also the large key elements affecting smog movement.So smog diffusion can be calculated by Navier-Stokes fluid mechanics equation, fill the air the stressing conditions of process, thus more accurately emulated by particIe system.
Complete animation, game or a making for virtual scene, all be unable to do without building of environment, the establishment of particIe system, the simulation of physical effect and this few part of Script controlling, and they divide the work difference, are but several links necessary in manufacturing process.By the agency of before environmental structure, it has built the scene of virtual reality, can draw all static scenes (such as: the chain of mountains, sea, house, trees flowers and plants, tables, chairs and benches) by the cooperation of Unity3D and 3Ds Max, particIe system is mainly used to simulation irregular movement scenery or phenomenon (such as: flame, blast, smog), physical effect acts on material object, those static scenes made in environmental structure process exactly in kind, material object for static state adds physical characteristics just can allow it realize certain physical effect, be such as that a stone adds gravity characteristic, he will simulated stone in the motion being subject to making in gravitational situation, for stone adds rigid body attribute, stone has just had weight, material, the characteristics such as friction, for stone adds impinger, he just can simulate when the reaction made after stone and physical contact is (such as according to speed and the weight of stone hits, can judge that thing movement tendency is after an impact hit in stone river according to the law of conservation of momentum), when fall the control axis that this control is equivalent to whole simulation process, it is by script regulation, judges, where should simulate what kind of effect.Such as script can control to go out simulation in a time A place and once explode, and simulates 2 direction strong wind, allow a book drop etc. from bookshelf in c time C position in b time B position.
In the embodiment of the present invention, particIe system is combined with the broken simulation of described blast and realizes detonation inside and emulate; Exemplary, the fragment generated by Unity3D platform adds rigid body and collision characteristic, meanwhile, is also that the particle generated in particIe system adds rigid body and collision characteristic by Unity3D platform; Like this, when explosion happens, the speed of particIe system meeting initialization particle and quality, according to principle of conservation of momentum, a large amount of particles can be applied on bomb fragments, makes fragment also can follow newtonian motion formula, forms the effects such as splashing, landing, bounce-back.
In the embodiment of the present invention, Unity3D needs to receive in 3DMax the entity file and animation file that create, need the file in 3DMax to derive with the document form of .fbx, and it is proper use of to import to ability in Unity3D with the form of resource bag.Unity3D, as the resource management center of whole engineering, needs to integrate multiple resources.All resources are done on the platform and are integrated process, finally issue.
In embodiment of the present invention such scheme, combine the technology such as particIe system, rigid body smashing principle, 3 D Dynamic Graphics Simulation, propose one is carried out virtual reality under indoor environment method to explosion accident; ParticIe system is responsible for the visual effect playing up blast, makes the effect that simulation reaches more true to nature; And by introducing rigid body smashing principle and the rear fragment produced of Voronoi figure segmentation principle making blast, simulate blast to the impact of periphery object generation and destruction simultaneously; Make whole simulation more lively, true.
Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can be well understood to above-described embodiment can by software simulating, and the mode that also can add necessary general hardware platform by software realizes.Based on such understanding, the technical scheme of above-described embodiment can embody with the form of software product, it (can be CD-ROM that this software product can be stored in a non-volatile memory medium, USB flash disk, portable hard drive etc.) in, comprise some instructions and perform method described in each embodiment of the present invention in order to make a computer equipment (can be personal computer, server, or the network equipment etc.).
The above; be only the present invention's preferably embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, is anyly familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; the change that can expect easily or replacement, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claims.
Claims (4)
1., based on a detonation inside emulation mode for virtual reality, it is characterized in that, the method comprises:
Build all kinds of solid model;
Based on Voronoi figure segmentation principle, the break-up model in described all kinds of solid model is processed, and add rigid body attribute for the break-up model after process, according to rigid body kinematics formula simulation rigid motion, realize the broken emulation of blast;
The particIe system being used for simulated explosion effect is combined with the broken simulation of described blast, realizes detonation inside emulation.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described all kinds of solid model comprises: person model, character animation model, break-up model and model of place.
3. method according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, describedly carries out process to the break-up model in described all kinds of solid model comprise based on Voronoi figure segmentation principle:
Adopt in the inside of described break-up model the probability density function of normal distribution to distribute and some seeds are set;
According to the break-up model arranging some seeds, adopt delta algorithm to generate three-dimensional Voronoi and scheme;
Model carries out splitting and producing fragment by the three-dimensional Voronoi figure according to generating.
4. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the method also comprises: create the particIe system being used for simulated explosion effect;
Described particIe system comprises: flame particIe system and smoke particle system; Wherein, the fireball size in flame particIe system and duration, by High formulae discovery, do corresponding setting by the data calculated to flame particIe system; Described smoke particle system carries out modeling by Navier-Stokes fluid mechanics equation, calculates smog diffusion and the stressing conditions filling the air process by Navier-Stokes fluid mechanics equation.
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Effective date of registration: 20220425 Address after: 100044 Beijing city Haidian District Shangyuan Village No. 3 Patentee after: Beijing Jiaotong University Patentee after: Institute of chemical defense, Chinese Academy of Military Sciences Address before: 100044 Beijing city Haidian District Shangyuan Village No. 3 Patentee before: Beijing Jiaotong University |