CN104462637A - Gear pair and rack tooth profile design method for gear and rack type variable ratio steering gear - Google Patents
Gear pair and rack tooth profile design method for gear and rack type variable ratio steering gear Download PDFInfo
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- CN104462637A CN104462637A CN201410522613.1A CN201410522613A CN104462637A CN 104462637 A CN104462637 A CN 104462637A CN 201410522613 A CN201410522613 A CN 201410522613A CN 104462637 A CN104462637 A CN 104462637A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a gear pair and rack tooth profile design method for a gear and rack type variable ratio steering gear. The gear pair and rack tooth profile design method is characterized by comprising the following steps that a gear and a rack are in meshed transmission according to a transmission ratio rule, a certain reference point of the rack is selected, the contact point height of the reference point at each motion instant moment is obtained, and a corresponding height set is obtained; the extreme value of the height set is obtained according to the position relation between a bevel gear and the rack, the obtained extreme value is the height of the tooth profile point corresponding to the reference point, the position of the reference point is changed, and tooth profile points of the whole section until the whole rack tooth profile curved surface are obtained. The generative emulating principle is not adopted, many problems of a traditional method are avoided, principle errors do not exist, and digital solution can be achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of mechanical transmission, relate to alternating axis involute helicoid rack-and-pinion, especially relate to a kind of digital design procedure of pinion and-rack no-load voltage ratio steering gear gear pair rack tooth profile.
Background technology
For improving rack and pinion steering gear steering behaviour, rack-and-pinion can be made by drafting variable ratio rule engaged transmission.In the design of pinion and-rack no-load voltage ratio steering gear gear pair, consider nonstandard gear manufacturing complexity, generally establish gear parameter known, and rack tooth profile is unknown.In order to carry out processing and manufacturing and performance evaluation to pinion and-rack no-load voltage ratio steering gear gear pair, rack tooth profile must be designed.Traditional model becomes emulation design method, although design process is fairly simple, parametrization degree is high, and material calculation is restricted, and design accuracy is not high, and follow-uply also needs the matching carrying out curved surface, and design error is larger.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problem, the invention provides a kind of method for designing of pinion and-rack no-load voltage ratio steering gear gear pair rack tooth profile, this method does not adopt model to become principle of simulation, avoids classic method problems, without the errors of principles, can realize digitizing and solve.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
A method for designing for pinion and-rack no-load voltage ratio steering gear gear pair rack tooth profile, is characterized in that: comprise the steps: to make rack-and-pinion according to ratio of gear rule
engaged transmission, wherein i represents transmission ratio function,
represent gear corner, on tooth bar, selected a certain reference point, obtains the contact point height that this reference point is moved instantaneous at each, obtains corresponding height set; According to the position relationship of helical teeth wheel and rack, obtain the extreme value of highly set, the extreme value obtained is exactly the flank profil point height at this reference point place corresponding, changes reference point locations, and then obtains whole cross section until the flank profil point of whole rack tooth profile curved surface.
In technique scheme, specifically comprise the following steps:
S1: basic design parameters calculates: first according to helical gear basic design parameters, comprise number of teeth z, modulus m, normal tooth rises coefficient h, normal pressure angle
normal direction modification coefficient x, calculates helical gear radius of addendum R
a=R
s+ (h+x) m, base radius
S2: determine cross section step: selected initial cross-section y=y
0, first need to judge y
0whether meet the physical dimension requirement of tooth bar, i.e. y
0whether belong to interval (?b/2, b/2), wherein b represents the facewidth of tooth bar; If do not meet, then show that the flank profil point of rack tooth profile curved surface has calculated; If meet, then start to calculate y
0rack tooth profile point in cross section;
S3: selected reference point step: at calculating certain cross section y
0in rack tooth profile time, first selected initial reference point is x
0, and judge x
0whether meet tooth bar dimensional requirement, i.e. x
0whether belong to interval (?l/2, l/2), wherein l represents the length of tooth bar; If do not meet, then show cross section y
0interior flank profil has calculated, and is y
0increase a step-length, continue the calculating of next Sectional profile; If meet, then start cross section y
0interior x
0the computation process of the flank profil point height at place.
S4: selected motion instantaneous point step: at x
0in the computation process of place's flank profil point height, setting motion instantaneous point x
n, also to judge x simultaneously
nwhether meet the demands, i.e. x
0whether belong to interval
wherein R
crepresent the distance of sector shaft and rack tooth end face, ψ represents the angle of sector shaft line and tooth bar; If do not meet, then show corresponding x
0the flank profil point height set at place has solved, and tries to achieve x by extreme value computing
0highly will gather clearing after the flank profil point height at place, and be x
0increase a step-length, continue the flank profil point high computational of next reference point; If meet, then carry out motion instantaneous point x
nthe intersection point at place solves.
S5: solve the total angle of rotation
step: in the intersection point solution procedure of carrying out motion instantaneous point xn place, is first calculated the displacement of tooth bar, is derived by inverse function, calculate helical gear corner according to reference point and motion instantaneous point.Spiral corner is obtained relative to the corner of spiral gear midsection according to the spiral gear cross section that oblique gear spiral angle calculates motion instantaneous point corresponding.Helical gear corner and spiral corner are added and obtain the total angle of rotation;
S6: solve intersection point step: according to the point circle of gear, dedendum circle, involute urve expression formula and the total angle of rotation, builds motion instantaneous point straight line x=x successively
nthe mathematical model solved with point circle, dedendum circle, involute urve intersection point under motion instantaneous state
wherein u represents intersection polar angle,
represent pressure angle, calculate motion instantaneous point x
nthe intersection point at place, and be stored in flank profil point height set M.Change x
nvalue and repeat step S6, until x
ndo not meet the demands;
S7: solve reference point place flank profil elevation procedure: ask for maximal value Z in set M
max, be corresponding x
0flank profil point height.
S8: solve selected Sectional profile step: change x
0value, calculate set { Z
max, be cross section y
0the flank profil point height at upper each position point place.
S9: solve whole rack tooth profile step: change y
0value, obtain whole rack tooth profile point height.
In technique scheme, in S5, in the calculating of described spiral gear corner, comprise the calculating of tooth bar moving displacement, the inverse function derivation of rack displacement expression formula, the calculating of spiral gear corner; In the inverse function derivation of described rack displacement expression formula, getting tooth fan corner is antiderivative independent variable, and rack displacement is antiderivative dependent variable, when known rack displacement, solves the inverse function of rack displacement expression formula, and then obtains tooth fan corner.
In technique scheme, in described step S6, the calculating of intersection point comprises solving of intersection point on the solving of intersection point on the solving of intersection point on point circle, dedendum circle, involute urve: calculate by reference to point and perpendicular to the straight line of tooth bar plane of movement and the coordinate of gear-profile intersection point, comprise the tooth fan point circle in cross section, dedendum circle, involute urve intersection point solve three kinds of situations, the tooth fan corner of trying to achieve in often kind of situation may have multiple, needs the angular range corresponding to every section of tooth fan flank profil to carry out judging, screening.
In technique scheme, in described step S7, according to the flank profil point height set at corresponding reference point place, adopt the method for getting extreme value to draw reference point place flank profil point height: the method that extreme value is got in described employing draws reference point place flank profil point height, need the position relationship considering that tooth bar and tooth are fanned.If tooth fan is above tooth bar, then minimum value is got in tooth depth set; If tooth fan is below tooth bar, then maximal value is got in tooth depth set.
Beneficial effect is analyzed: material calculation is little, and computational accuracy is high, avoids classic method problems, without the errors of principles, can realize digitizing and solve.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is method flow diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, but do not limit the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention includes following steps:
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention includes following steps: S1: basic design parameters calculation procedure; S2: determine cross section step; S3: selected reference point step; S4: selected motion instantaneous point step; S5: solve corner step; S6: solve intersection point step; S7: solve reference point flank profil elevation procedure; S8: solve selected Sectional profile step; S9: solve whole rack tooth profile step.
Solution procedure of the present invention is: S1: first according to the basic design parameters of full-height tooth fan, comprises tooth fan modulus, tooth the fan number of teeth, addendum coefficient, pressure angle etc., calculates the radius of addendum, root radius etc. of full-height tooth fan.Spur gear mesh form can regard the special case of spiral gear mesh form as, and therefore selected spiral gear mesh form is research object.
S2: selected initial cross-section y=y
0, first need to judge y
0whether meet the demands.If do not meet, then show that the flank profil point of rack tooth profile curved surface has calculated; If meet, then start to calculate y
0rack tooth profile point in cross section.
S3: at calculating certain cross section y
0in rack tooth profile time, first selected initial reference point is x
0, and judge x
0whether meet tooth bar dimensional requirement.If do not meet, then show cross section y
0interior flank profil has calculated, and is y
0increase a step-length, continue the calculating of next Sectional profile; If meet, then start cross section y
0interior x
0the computation process of the flank profil point height at place.
S4: at x
0in the computation process of place's flank profil point height, setting motion instantaneous point x
n, also to judge x simultaneously
nwhether meet the demands.If do not meet, then show corresponding x
0the flank profil point height set at place has solved, and tries to achieve x by extreme value computing
0highly will gather clearing after the flank profil point height at place, and be x
0increase a step-length, continue the flank profil point high computational of next reference point; If meet, then carry out motion instantaneous point x
nthe intersection point at place solves.
S5: carrying out motion instantaneous point x
nin the intersection point solution procedure at place, first calculate the displacement of tooth bar according to reference point and motion instantaneous point, derived by inverse function, calculate the corner of tooth fan
S6: according to point circle, dedendum circle, involute urve expression formula and the instantaneous corner that moves of tooth fan
build straight line x=x successively
nthe mathematical model solved with point circle, dedendum circle, involute urve intersection point under motion instantaneous state, calculates motion instantaneous point x
nthe intersection point at place, and be stored in flank profil point height set M.After completing the intersection point calculation under above-mentioned a certain motion instantaneous state, be x
nincrease a step-length, repeat said process, until x
ndo not satisfy condition.
S7: according to step S6, obtains flank profil point height set M, asks for maximal value Z in set M
max, be corresponding x
0flank profil point height.
S8: by changing x
0value, repeat S3 ?S7 step, calculate set { Z
max, be cross section y
0the flank profil point height at upper each position point place.
S9: after a certain Sectional profile point has calculated, changes y
0value, repeat S2 ?S8 step, obtain whole rack tooth profile point height.
The above; it is only preferred embodiment of the present invention; not the present invention is imposed any restrictions, every above embodiment is done according to the inventive method essence any simple modification, change and equivalence change, all still belong in the protection domain of the technology of the present invention method.
Claims (5)
1. a method for designing for pinion and-rack no-load voltage ratio steering gear gear pair rack tooth profile, is characterized in that: comprise the steps: to make rack-and-pinion according to ratio of gear rule
engaged transmission, wherein i represents transmission ratio function,
represent gear corner, on tooth bar, selected a certain reference point, obtains the contact point height that this reference point is moved instantaneous at each, obtains corresponding height set; According to the position relationship of helical teeth wheel and rack, obtain the extreme value of highly set, the extreme value obtained is exactly the flank profil point height at this reference point place corresponding, changes reference point locations, and then obtains whole cross section until the flank profil point of whole rack tooth profile curved surface.
2. the method for designing of pinion and-rack no-load voltage ratio steering gear gear pair rack tooth profile according to claim 1, is characterized in that: specifically comprise the following steps:
S1: basic design parameters calculates: first according to helical gear basic design parameters, comprise number of teeth z, modulus m, normal tooth rises coefficient h, normal pressure angle
normal direction modification coefficient x, calculates helical gear radius of addendum R
a=R
s+ (h+x) m, base radius
S2: determine cross section step: selected initial cross-section y=y
0, first need to judge y
0whether meet the physical dimension requirement of tooth bar, i.e. y
0whether belong to interval (?b/2, b/2), wherein b represents the facewidth of tooth bar; If do not meet, then show that the flank profil point of rack tooth profile curved surface has calculated; If meet, then start to calculate y
0rack tooth profile point in cross section;
S3: selected reference point step: at calculating certain cross section y
0in rack tooth profile time, first selected initial reference point is x
0, and judge x
0whether meet tooth bar dimensional requirement, i.e. x
0whether belong to interval (?1/2,1/2), wherein 1 represents the length of tooth bar; If do not meet, then show cross section y
0interior flank profil has calculated, and is y
0increase a step-length, continue the calculating of next Sectional profile; If meet, then start cross section y
0interior x
0the computation process of the flank profil point height at place.
S4: selected motion instantaneous point step: at x
0in the computation process of place's flank profil point height, setting motion instantaneous point x
n, also to judge x simultaneously
nwhether meet the demands, i.e. x
0whether belong to interval
Wherein R
crepresent the distance of sector shaft and rack tooth end face, ψ represents the angle of sector shaft line and tooth bar; If do not meet, then show corresponding x
0the flank profil point height set at place has solved, and tries to achieve x by extreme value computing
0highly will gather clearing after the flank profil point height at place, and be x
0increase a step-length, continue the flank profil point high computational of next reference point; If meet, then carry out motion instantaneous point x
nthe intersection point at place solves.
S5: solve the total angle of rotation
step: carrying out motion instantaneous point x
nin the intersection point solution procedure at place, first calculate the displacement of tooth bar according to reference point and motion instantaneous point, derived by inverse function, calculate helical gear corner.Spiral corner is obtained relative to the corner of spiral gear midsection according to the spiral gear cross section that oblique gear spiral angle calculates motion instantaneous point corresponding.Helical gear corner and spiral corner are added and obtain the total angle of rotation;
S6: solve intersection point step: according to the point circle of gear, dedendum circle, involute urve expression formula and the total angle of rotation, builds motion instantaneous point straight line x=x successively
nthe mathematical model solved with point circle, dedendum circle, involute urve intersection point under motion instantaneous state
wherein u represents intersection polar angle,
represent pressure angle, calculate motion instantaneous point x
nthe intersection point at place, and be stored in flank profil point height set M.Change x
nvalue and repeat step S6, until x
ndo not meet the demands;
S7: solve reference point place flank profil elevation procedure: ask for maximal value Z in set M
max, be corresponding x
0flank profil point height.
S8: solve selected Sectional profile step: change x
0value, calculate set { Z
max, be cross section y
0the flank profil point height at upper each position point place.
S9: solve whole rack tooth profile step: change y
0value, obtain whole rack tooth profile point height.
3. the method for designing of pinion and-rack no-load voltage ratio steering gear gear pair rack tooth profile according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in S5, in the calculating of described spiral gear corner, comprise the calculating of tooth bar moving displacement, the inverse function derivation of rack displacement expression formula, the calculating of spiral gear corner; In the inverse function derivation of described rack displacement expression formula, getting tooth fan corner is antiderivative independent variable, and rack displacement is antiderivative dependent variable, when known rack displacement, solves the inverse function of rack displacement expression formula, and then obtains tooth fan corner.
4. the method for designing of pinion and-rack no-load voltage ratio steering gear gear pair rack tooth profile according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step S6, the calculating of intersection point comprises solving of intersection point on point circle, on dedendum circle, intersection point solves, the solving of intersection point on involute urve: to calculate by reference to point and perpendicular to the straight line of tooth bar plane of movement and the coordinate of gear-profile intersection point, comprise the point circle in tooth fan cross section, dedendum circle, involute urve intersection point solves three kinds of situations, the tooth fan corner of trying to achieve in often kind of situation may have multiple, the angular range corresponding to every section of tooth fan flank profil is needed to judge, screening.
5. the method for designing of pinion and-rack no-load voltage ratio steering gear gear pair rack tooth profile according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step S7, according to the flank profil point height set at corresponding reference point place, adopt the method for getting extreme value to draw reference point place flank profil point height: the method that extreme value is got in described employing draws reference point place flank profil point height, need the position relationship considering that tooth bar and tooth are fanned.If tooth fan is above tooth bar, then minimum value is got in tooth depth set; If tooth fan is below tooth bar, then maximal value is got in tooth depth set.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104728378A (en) * | 2015-04-01 | 2015-06-24 | 湖北工业大学 | Design method of automobile steering device gear sector and rack pair |
| CN106541186A (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-03-29 | 武汉理工大学 | The processing method that a kind of circulating ball type no-load voltage ratio steering gear gear pair tooth fans flank profil |
| CN106695023A (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-05-24 | 武汉理工大学 | Machining method for rack tooth profile of circulating ball type variable ratio diverter gear pair |
| CN107323520A (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2017-11-07 | 湖北三环汽车方向机有限公司 | A kind of New Cycle ball steering gear with variable ratio rocker arm shaft tooth fans rack pair |
| CN107584177A (en) * | 2017-08-21 | 2018-01-16 | 武汉理工大学 | The processing method of pinion and-rack no-load voltage ratio steering gear gear pair rack tooth profile |
| CN108137082A (en) * | 2015-10-08 | 2018-06-08 | 罗伯特博世汽车转向有限公司 | For the steering gear of vehicle |
| CN108167416A (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2018-06-15 | 山东农业大学 | The modeling method of no-load voltage ratio rack in a kind of no-load voltage ratio steering gear Thickened-tooth rack pair |
| CN108984889A (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2018-12-11 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of mechanical no-load voltage ratio diverter gear pair rack tooth profile digital design procedure |
| CN109027186A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2018-12-18 | 武汉理工大学 | The discretization envelope design method of diverter gear ratio rack |
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Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104728378B (en) * | 2015-04-01 | 2017-07-11 | 湖北工业大学 | A kind of secondary method for designing of automobile steering device tooth fan tooth bar |
| CN104728378A (en) * | 2015-04-01 | 2015-06-24 | 湖北工业大学 | Design method of automobile steering device gear sector and rack pair |
| CN108137082A (en) * | 2015-10-08 | 2018-06-08 | 罗伯特博世汽车转向有限公司 | For the steering gear of vehicle |
| CN106695023A (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-05-24 | 武汉理工大学 | Machining method for rack tooth profile of circulating ball type variable ratio diverter gear pair |
| CN106541186A (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-03-29 | 武汉理工大学 | The processing method that a kind of circulating ball type no-load voltage ratio steering gear gear pair tooth fans flank profil |
| CN107323520A (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2017-11-07 | 湖北三环汽车方向机有限公司 | A kind of New Cycle ball steering gear with variable ratio rocker arm shaft tooth fans rack pair |
| CN107323520B (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2019-05-31 | 湖北三环汽车方向机有限公司 | A kind of circulating ball type steering gear with variable ratio rocker arm shaft tooth fan rack gear pair |
| CN107584177A (en) * | 2017-08-21 | 2018-01-16 | 武汉理工大学 | The processing method of pinion and-rack no-load voltage ratio steering gear gear pair rack tooth profile |
| CN107584177B (en) * | 2017-08-21 | 2019-03-26 | 武汉理工大学 | The processing method of pinion and-rack no-load voltage ratio diverter gear pair rack tooth profile |
| CN108167416A (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2018-06-15 | 山东农业大学 | The modeling method of no-load voltage ratio rack in a kind of no-load voltage ratio steering gear Thickened-tooth rack pair |
| CN108167416B (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2019-08-02 | 山东农业大学 | The modeling method of no-load voltage ratio rack gear in a kind of Thickened-tooth rack gear pair |
| CN108984889A (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2018-12-11 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of mechanical no-load voltage ratio diverter gear pair rack tooth profile digital design procedure |
| CN108984889B (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2020-08-25 | 武汉理工大学 | Digital design method for gear pair rack tooth profile of mechanical variable-ratio steering gear |
| CN109027186A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2018-12-18 | 武汉理工大学 | The discretization envelope design method of diverter gear ratio rack |
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