CN104458894A - Detecting method and detecting device for T-shaped tail slot of magnetic poles and magnet yokes of high-speed hydrogenerator rotor - Google Patents

Detecting method and detecting device for T-shaped tail slot of magnetic poles and magnet yokes of high-speed hydrogenerator rotor Download PDF

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CN104458894A
CN104458894A CN201410741134.9A CN201410741134A CN104458894A CN 104458894 A CN104458894 A CN 104458894A CN 201410741134 A CN201410741134 A CN 201410741134A CN 104458894 A CN104458894 A CN 104458894A
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stern notch
rotor
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CN104458894B (en
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严晓东
李浩良
孔令华
游光华
楼勇
曾辉
张书友
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Huadong Tianhuangping Pump Storage Co Ltd
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
State Grid Xinyuan Co Ltd
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Huadong Tianhuangping Pump Storage Co Ltd
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
State Grid Xinyuan Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种高速水轮发电机转子磁极磁轭T尾槽的检测方法及装置,检测方法通过磁铁磁化磁极磁轭T尾槽,当存在裂纹时阻断了通过T尾槽表面的磁力线,使磁路中的磁通发生畸变,导致部分磁通逸出T尾槽表面,在空间形成漏磁场,利用磁敏元件获取漏磁信号,并通过漏磁检测仪对漏磁信号进行检测。装置包括裂纹探头检测装置、导向支架和漏磁检测仪,裂纹探头检测装置安装在导向支架上,裂纹探头检测装置通过信号传输线与漏磁检测仪连接;所述裂纹探头检测装置包括经弹性件固定在导向支架上的П形磁铁A和三维霍尔探头,所述三维霍尔探头通过信号放大及数模转换电路经信号端子与信号传输线连接。

The invention discloses a detection method and device for a high-speed hydraulic generator rotor magnetic pole magnetic yoke T tail slot. The detection method uses a magnet to magnetize the magnetic pole magnetic yoke T tail slot, and blocks the magnetic field lines passing through the surface of the T tail slot when there is a crack. , so that the magnetic flux in the magnetic circuit is distorted, causing part of the magnetic flux to escape from the surface of the T-tail groove, forming a leakage magnetic field in the space, using the magnetic sensor to obtain the magnetic flux leakage signal, and detecting the magnetic flux leakage signal through the magnetic flux leakage detector. The device includes a crack probe detection device, a guide bracket and a magnetic flux leakage detector. The crack probe detection device is installed on the guide bracket, and the crack probe detection device is connected with the magnetic flux leakage detector through a signal transmission line; The П-shaped magnet A on the guide bracket and the three-dimensional Hall probe, the three-dimensional Hall probe is connected to the signal transmission line through the signal terminal through the signal amplification and digital-to-analog conversion circuit.

Description

高速水轮发电机转子磁极磁轭T尾槽的检测方法及其装置Detection method and device for high-speed hydraulic generator rotor magnetic pole yoke T tail groove

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及一种T尾槽的检测方法及其装置,特别是一种高速水轮发电机转子磁极磁轭T尾槽的检测方法及其装置。The invention relates to a detection method and a device for a T-tail groove, in particular to a detection method and a device for a T-tail groove of a rotor magnetic pole yoke of a high-speed hydraulic generator.

背景技术Background technique

T尾槽是水轮发电机磁级和磁轭的一种联接结构,由4mm厚度硅钢叠片层叠而成,启停过程中承受了较大的交变应力,特别是其内转角位置应力值最大,易萌生疲劳裂纹,曾发生过因此更换全部发电机磁级磁轭的事故,直接、间接损失巨大。为保证高转速(500r/min)水轮发电机磁极与磁轭联接T尾槽在长期频繁启停工况中的安全,需要对磁极磁轭的T尾槽进行裂纹检测。而检测裂纹的常规无损检测方法有涡流检测(ET)、磁粉检测(MT)和渗透检测(PT),三种方法均能检出非多孔性工件表面的裂纹。常规的涡流检测裂纹时,虽然不使用检测液,无残留问题,但由于层叠硅钢片对涡流信号产生强烈的“边界效应”,使得裂纹涡流信号淹没在本底涡流干扰中,信噪比极低,无法检测出裂纹。常规的磁粉检测,则必须使用水基或油基磁悬液,检测过程中磁悬液会进入叠片间隙,且检测后无法清出,不仅降低磁级磁轭的绝缘还将造成污染。常规的渗透检测裂纹时,除无法解决检测后渗透剂清除问题外,叠片间隙内残留渗透剂的回渗还将大大降低检测灵敏度,造成裂纹的漏检,同样无法应用。The T-tail slot is a connection structure between the magnetic stage and the yoke of the hydraulic generator. It is made of silicon steel laminations with a thickness of 4mm. It bears a large alternating stress during the start-up and stop process, especially the stress value at the inner corner position. The largest, easy to initiate fatigue cracks, and there have been accidents where all the magnetic yokes of generators were replaced, resulting in huge direct and indirect losses. In order to ensure the safety of the T-tail groove connecting the magnetic pole and the yoke of the high-speed (500r/min) hydro-generator under long-term frequent start-stop conditions, it is necessary to perform crack detection on the T-tail groove of the magnetic pole yoke. The conventional non-destructive testing methods for detecting cracks include eddy current testing (ET), magnetic particle testing (MT) and penetrant testing (PT). All three methods can detect cracks on the surface of non-porous workpieces. In the conventional eddy current detection of cracks, although no detection fluid is used, there is no residual problem, but due to the strong "boundary effect" of the laminated silicon steel sheet on the eddy current signal, the crack eddy current signal is submerged in the background eddy current interference, and the signal-to-noise ratio is extremely low , cracks cannot be detected. For conventional magnetic particle inspection, water-based or oil-based magnetic suspension must be used. During the inspection, the magnetic suspension will enter the gap between the laminations and cannot be cleared out after the inspection. This will not only reduce the insulation of the magnetic grade yoke, but also cause pollution. In conventional penetrant detection of cracks, in addition to being unable to solve the problem of penetrant removal after detection, the re-seepage of residual penetrant in the lamination gap will greatly reduce the detection sensitivity, resulting in missed detection of cracks, which is also not applicable.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明的目的在于,提供一种高速水轮发电机转子磁极磁轭T尾槽的无损检测方法及其装置。本发明不仅实现了对磁极磁轭叠片结构T尾槽进行无污染、无残留和不降低绝缘检测的要求,而且灵敏度高、准确性好,完全符合大型水轮发电机组严格的电气和金属安全规定,提高了发电设备运行的可靠性,是水轮发电机运行安全的重要保证。The object of the present invention is to provide a non-destructive testing method and device for the tail slot of the magnetic pole yoke T of the high-speed hydraulic generator rotor. The invention not only realizes the requirement of non-pollution, no residue and no reduction in insulation detection for the T tail slot of the magnetic pole yoke lamination structure, but also has high sensitivity and good accuracy, and fully meets the strict electrical and metal safety requirements of large hydroelectric generator sets The regulations improve the reliability of the operation of power generation equipment and are an important guarantee for the safety of hydroelectric generators.

本发明的技术方案:高速水轮发电机转子磁极磁轭T尾槽的检测方法,其特征在于:通过磁铁磁化磁极磁轭T尾槽,当存在裂纹时阻断了通过T尾槽表面的磁力线,使磁路中的磁通发生畸变,导致部分磁通逸出T尾槽表面,在空间形成漏磁场,利用磁敏元件获取漏磁信号,并通过漏磁检测仪对漏磁信号进行检测。The technical scheme of the present invention: the detection method of the T-tail groove of the rotor magnetic pole yoke of the high-speed hydraulic generator, which is characterized in that: the T-tail groove of the magnetic pole yoke is magnetized by a magnet, and the magnetic field lines passing through the surface of the T-tail groove are blocked when there is a crack , so that the magnetic flux in the magnetic circuit is distorted, causing part of the magnetic flux to escape from the surface of the T-tail groove, forming a leakage magnetic field in the space, using the magnetic sensor to obtain the magnetic flux leakage signal, and detecting the magnetic flux leakage signal through the magnetic flux leakage detector.

前述的高速水轮发电机转子磁极磁轭T尾槽的检测方法中,通过探头导向支架将探头送至检测位置,并利用恒力结构使探头紧贴受检面,П形磁铁A磁化检测部位的铁磁性叠片,产生感应磁场,当激发的磁力线在T尾槽被检位置上遇到裂纹时,将在裂纹处形成漏磁场,漏磁场被探头中的磁敏元件接收并转化为数字信号,通过漏磁检测仪对裂纹漏磁场进行信号处理和显示,从而判定被检T尾槽是否存在裂纹。In the aforementioned detection method of the rotor magnetic pole yoke T tail groove of the high-speed hydraulic generator, the probe is sent to the detection position through the probe guide bracket, and the constant force structure is used to make the probe close to the surface under inspection, and the П-shaped magnet A magnetizes the detection position The ferromagnetic laminations generate an induced magnetic field. When the excited magnetic field lines encounter a crack at the tested position of the T tail groove, a leakage magnetic field will be formed at the crack. The leakage magnetic field is received by the magnetic sensitive element in the probe and converted into a digital signal. , through the magnetic flux leakage detector to process and display the signal of the crack leakage magnetic field, so as to determine whether there is a crack in the checked T tail groove.

前述的高速水轮发电机转子磁极磁轭T尾槽的检测方法中,所述判定被检T尾槽是否存在裂纹的方法是,将三维霍尔探头通过导向支架置于检测部位,三维霍尔探头中的霍尔元件Z与磁极磁轭叠片平面平行,使三维霍尔探头的X、Y、Z三个方向信号均置零;当X方向信号与Z方向信号强度之比大于等于25:1时或Y方向信号与Z方向信号强度之比大于等于50:1时,则判断被检测部位的叠片表面存在异常。In the aforementioned detection method for the T tail groove of the rotor magnetic pole yoke of the high-speed hydraulic generator, the method for determining whether there is a crack in the T tail groove under inspection is to place the three-dimensional Hall probe at the detection position through the guide bracket, and the three-dimensional Hall probe The Hall element Z in the probe is parallel to the plane of the magnetic pole yoke lamination, so that the X, Y, and Z direction signals of the three-dimensional Hall probe are all set to zero; when the ratio of the X direction signal to the Z direction signal strength is greater than or equal to 25: 1 or when the ratio of the Y-direction signal to the Z-direction signal intensity is greater than or equal to 50:1, it is judged that there is an abnormality on the laminated surface of the detected part.

前述的高速水轮发电机转子磁极磁轭T尾槽的检测方法中,再通过磁粉检测方法对存在异常磁场的部位进行复检;磁粉检测方法按下述步骤进行:In the aforementioned detection method of the rotor magnetic pole yoke T tail groove of the high-speed hydro-generator, the magnetic particle detection method is used to re-examine the position where there is an abnormal magnetic field; the magnetic particle detection method is carried out according to the following steps:

清擦漏磁检测中信号异常部位表面;Clean the surface of the signal abnormal part in the magnetic flux leakage detection;

打开磁粉检测装置电源;Turn on the power of the magnetic particle testing device;

将磁粉检测装置的探头置于异常部位表面;Place the probe of the magnetic particle detection device on the surface of the abnormal part;

轻微晃动磁悬液喷壶,均匀喷洒磁悬液在异常部位表面;Slightly shake the magnetic suspension watering can, and evenly spray the magnetic suspension on the surface of the abnormal part;

通过漏磁场吸附施加在表面的磁粉,在365nm波长的紫外线光照下形成目视可见的磁痕,从而确定被检测磁极磁轭T尾槽存在裂纹。The magnetic powder applied on the surface is adsorbed by the leakage magnetic field, and visually visible magnetic marks are formed under the ultraviolet light of 365nm wavelength, so as to confirm that there is a crack in the T tail groove of the tested magnetic pole yoke.

前述的高速水轮发电机转子磁极磁轭T尾槽的检测方法中,所述的磁悬液由以下重量份的原料混合而成:71-73份乙醇、16-18份乙酸乙酯、2.5-3.5份三氯甲烷、1.5-2.5份丙酮、0.15-0.25份荧光磁粉;荧光磁粉粒度为350目。In the detection method of the aforementioned high-speed hydraulic generator rotor pole yoke T tail slot, the magnetic suspension is mixed by the following raw materials in parts by weight: 71-73 parts of ethanol, 16-18 parts of ethyl acetate, 2.5 - 3.5 parts of chloroform, 1.5-2.5 parts of acetone, 0.15-0.25 parts of fluorescent magnetic powder; the particle size of the fluorescent magnetic powder is 350 mesh.

实现前述的高速水轮发电机转子磁极磁轭T尾槽检测方法的检测装置,其特征在于:包括裂纹探头检测装置、导向支架和漏磁检测仪,裂纹探头检测装置安装在导向支架上,裂纹探头检测装置通过信号传输线与漏磁检测仪连接;所述裂纹探头检测装置包括经弹性件固定在导向支架上的П形磁铁A和三维霍尔探头,三维霍尔探头布置在П形磁铁A的开口处两极之间,且向前伸出至П形磁铁A两脚斜面延伸的顶端,所述三维霍尔探头通过信号放大及数模转换电路经信号端子与信号传输线连接。Realize the detection device of the aforementioned high-speed hydraulic generator rotor magnetic pole yoke T tail slot detection method, which is characterized in that it includes a crack probe detection device, a guide bracket and a magnetic flux leakage detector, and the crack probe detection device is installed on the guide bracket. The probe detection device is connected with the magnetic flux leakage detector through a signal transmission line; the crack probe detection device includes a П-shaped magnet A and a three-dimensional Hall probe fixed on the guide bracket through an elastic member, and the three-dimensional Hall probe is arranged on the П-shaped magnet A. Between the two poles of the opening, and extending forward to the top of the slanted legs of the П-shaped magnet A, the three-dimensional Hall probe is connected to the signal transmission line through the signal terminal and the signal transmission line through the signal amplification and digital-to-analog conversion circuit.

前述的高速水轮发电机转子磁极磁轭T尾槽的检测装置中,所述的三维霍尔探头为三维磁敏霍尔元件阵列,由X、Y、Z三个相互垂直的片状霍尔元件组成,三个霍尔元件T形布置,能同时测量XYZ三个方向上的磁场大小和方向。In the detection device of the aforementioned high-speed hydro-generator rotor magnetic pole yoke T tail slot, the three-dimensional Hall probe is a three-dimensional magnetically sensitive Hall element array, which consists of three mutually perpendicular sheet-like Hall elements X, Y, and Z. Composed of components, three Hall elements are arranged in a T shape, which can simultaneously measure the magnitude and direction of the magnetic field in the three directions of XYZ.

前述的高速水轮发电机转子磁极磁轭T尾槽的检测装置中,所述导向支架上设有手柄,用于移动导向支架。In the aforementioned detecting device for the tail slot of the magnetic pole yoke T of the high-speed hydro-generator rotor, the guide bracket is provided with a handle for moving the guide bracket.

前述的高速水轮发电机转子磁极磁轭T尾槽的检测装置中,所述П形磁铁A,为钕镍钴型永磁体,用于对被检部位进行磁化,开口两极脚成45°斜面状,分别与T尾槽内转角两侧面贴合In the aforementioned high-speed water turbine generator rotor pole yoke T tail groove detection device, the П-shaped magnet A is a neodymium-nickel-cobalt permanent magnet, which is used to magnetize the part to be tested, and the two poles of the opening form a 45° slope Shaped, respectively attached to the two sides of the inner corner of the T tail groove

前述的高速水轮发电机转子磁极磁轭T尾槽的检测装置中,还包括裂纹磁粉检测装置;裂纹磁粉检测装置包括П形磁铁B,为钕镍钴型永磁体,用于对被检部位进行磁化,开口两极脚成45°斜面状,分别与T尾槽内转角两侧面贴合;In the detection device of the aforementioned high-speed hydro-generator rotor magnetic pole yoke T tail groove, it also includes a crack magnetic particle detection device; the crack magnetic particle detection device includes a П-shaped magnet B, which is a neodymium-nickel-cobalt type permanent magnet, and is used to detect the position of the detected part. For magnetization, the two poles of the opening are formed into a 45° inclined plane, which are respectively attached to the two sides of the inner corner of the T tail slot;

中心波长为365nm的微型LED型紫外灯,固定在П形磁铁B开口处两级之间,用于激发荧光磁粉;A micro-LED ultraviolet lamp with a central wavelength of 365nm is fixed between the two stages at the opening of the П-shaped magnet B to excite fluorescent magnetic powder;

电源端子,安装在П形磁铁B上,连接微型LED型紫外灯;Power terminal, installed on the П-shaped magnet B, connected to the miniature LED type ultraviolet lamp;

带开关及关断显示的直流电源,内置电池,为紫外线灯提供电源;DC power supply with on/off display and built-in battery to provide power for the UV lamp;

阻燃性电源线,用于连接直流电源和电源端子。Flame-retardant power cord for connecting DC power supply and power terminals.

与现有技术相比,本发明通过可对高速水轮发电机磁极磁轭的T尾槽裂纹进行检测,及时发现工件在运行中产生的危险裂纹,避免其扩展开裂,威胁机组的安全运行。本发明不仅实现了对磁极磁轭叠片结构T尾槽进行无污染、无残留和不降低绝缘检测的要求,而且灵敏度高、准确性好,完全符合大型水轮发电机组严格的电气和金属安全规定,提高了发电设备运行的可靠性,是水轮发电机运行安全的重要保证。Compared with the prior art, the present invention detects the cracks in the T-tail groove of the magnetic pole yoke of the high-speed hydro-generator, timely discovers the dangerous cracks generated during the operation of the workpiece, and avoids the expansion of the cracks, threatening the safe operation of the unit. The invention not only realizes the requirement of non-pollution, no residue and no reduction in insulation detection for the T tail slot of the magnetic pole yoke lamination structure, but also has high sensitivity and good accuracy, and fully meets the strict electrical and metal safety requirements of large hydroelectric generator sets The regulations improve the reliability of the operation of power generation equipment and are an important guarantee for the safety of hydroelectric generators.

本发明采用T尾槽专用裂纹漏磁检测探头,集磁化和三维磁场检测功能为一体,可对磁极磁轭叠片裂纹进行灵敏、快速的检测,且对工件的电气性能无任何影响。The invention adopts a special crack magnetic flux leakage detection probe for the T-tail groove, which integrates the functions of magnetization and three-dimensional magnetic field detection, and can detect the cracks of the magnetic pole yoke laminations sensitively and quickly without any influence on the electrical performance of the workpiece.

通过XYZ三方向裂纹漏磁信号的特征比对,实现了裂纹信号与磁极叠片间隙信号的鉴别,解决了常规漏磁方法无法检出叠片裂纹的难题。Through the characteristic comparison of the crack magnetic flux leakage signal in the XYZ three directions, the identification of the crack signal and the magnetic pole lamination gap signal is realized, and the problem that the conventional magnetic flux leakage method cannot detect the lamination crack is solved.

为保证漏磁探头检测过程中的位置的准确和稳定,设计了特制的探头支架向及导向装置,此支架还支持探头的快速更换以兼顾荧光磁粉检测。In order to ensure the accuracy and stability of the position of the magnetic flux leakage probe during the detection process, a special probe bracket and guide device are designed. This bracket also supports the rapid replacement of the probe to take into account the fluorescent magnetic particle detection.

T尾槽专用裂纹荧光磁粉检测探头,及不降低工件绝缘性能的无残留荧光磁粉配方,并制定了相应的检测工艺,实现裂纹的复检,提高了裂纹检测的高可靠性。Special crack fluorescent magnetic particle detection probe for T tail groove, and non-residual fluorescent magnetic powder formula that does not reduce the insulation performance of the workpiece, and the corresponding detection process has been formulated to realize the re-inspection of cracks and improve the high reliability of crack detection.

本发明可对高速水轮发电机磁极磁轭的T尾槽裂纹进行检测,及时发现工件在运行中产生的危险裂纹,以避免其扩展开裂,威胁机组的安全运行。本发明能准确可靠判断T尾槽中裂纹的存在及当量深度。The invention can detect the cracks in the T-tail groove of the magnetic pole yoke of the high-speed hydraulic generator, and timely discover the dangerous cracks generated during the operation of the workpiece, so as to avoid the expansion cracks and threaten the safe operation of the unit. The invention can accurately and reliably judge the existence and equivalent depth of cracks in the T tail groove.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本发明的结构示意图;Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;

图2是裂纹探头检测装置的结构示意图;Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a crack probe detection device;

图3是三维霍尔探头的结构示意图;Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a three-dimensional Hall probe;

图4是裂纹漏磁检测状态示意图;Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of crack magnetic flux leakage detection state;

图5是裂纹磁粉检测装置的结构示意图。Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a crack magnetic particle detection device.

附图中的标记为:1-漏磁检测仪,2-信号传输线,3-手柄,4-导向支架,5-裂纹探头检测装置,6-弹性件,7-磁极磁轭,8-T尾槽,9-П形磁铁A,10-信号端子,11-信号放大及数模转换电路,12-三维霍尔探头,13-П形磁铁B,14-电源端子,15-微型LED型紫外灯,16-阻燃性电源线,17-直流电源。The marks in the drawings are: 1-magnetic flux leakage detector, 2-signal transmission line, 3-handle, 4-guiding bracket, 5-crack probe detection device, 6-elastic part, 7-magnetic pole yoke, 8-T tail Slot, 9-П-shaped magnet A, 10-signal terminal, 11-signal amplification and digital-to-analog conversion circuit, 12-three-dimensional Hall probe, 13-П-shaped magnet B, 14-power terminal, 15-miniature LED type ultraviolet lamp , 16-flame retardant power cord, 17-DC power supply.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步的说明,但并不作为对本发明限制的依据。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but not as a basis for limiting the present invention.

实施例。高速水轮发电机转子磁极磁轭T尾槽的检测方法,通过探头导向支架将探头送至检测位置,并利用恒力结构使探头紧贴受检面,П形磁铁A磁化检测部位的铁磁性叠片,产生感应磁场,当激发的磁力线在T尾槽被检位置上遇到裂纹时,将在裂纹处形成漏磁场,漏磁场被探头中的磁敏元件接收并转化为数字信号,通过漏磁检测仪对裂纹漏磁场进行信号处理和显示,从而判定被检T尾槽是否存在裂纹。Example. The detection method of the rotor magnetic pole yoke T tail groove of the high-speed hydro-generator is to send the probe to the detection position through the probe guide bracket, and use the constant force structure to make the probe close to the surface under inspection. The laminated sheets generate an induced magnetic field. When the excited magnetic field lines encounter a crack at the tested position of the T-tail groove, a leakage magnetic field will be formed at the crack. The leakage magnetic field is received by the magnetic sensitive element in the probe and converted into a digital signal. The magnetic detector performs signal processing and display on the leakage magnetic field of the crack, so as to determine whether there is a crack in the checked T tail groove.

所述判定被检T尾槽是否存在裂纹的方法是,如图4所示,将三维霍尔探头通过导向支架置于检测部位,三维霍尔探头中的霍尔元件Z与磁极磁轭叠片平面平行;使三维霍尔探头的X、Y、Z三个方向信号均置零;当X方向信号与Z方向信号强度之比大于等于25:1时或Y方向信号与Z方向信号强度之比大于等于50:1时,则判断被检测部位的叠片表面存在异常。The method for determining whether there is a crack in the checked T tail groove is, as shown in FIG. The planes are parallel; the X, Y, and Z direction signals of the three-dimensional Hall probe are all set to zero; when the ratio of the X direction signal to the Z direction signal strength is greater than or equal to 25:1 or the ratio of the Y direction signal to the Z direction signal strength When it is greater than or equal to 50:1, it is judged that there is an abnormality on the surface of the laminated sheet at the detected part.

再通过磁粉检测方法对存在异常磁场的部位进行复检;磁粉检测方法按下述步骤进行:Then use the magnetic particle detection method to re-examine the parts with abnormal magnetic field; the magnetic particle detection method is carried out according to the following steps:

清擦漏磁检测中信号异常部位表面;Clean the surface of the signal abnormal part in the magnetic flux leakage detection;

打开磁粉检测装置电源;Turn on the power of the magnetic particle testing device;

将磁粉检测装置的探头置于异常部位表面;Place the probe of the magnetic particle detection device on the surface of the abnormal part;

轻微晃动磁悬液喷壶,均匀喷洒磁悬液在异常部位表面;Slightly shake the magnetic suspension watering can, and evenly spray the magnetic suspension on the surface of the abnormal part;

通过漏磁场吸附施加在表面的磁粉,在365nm波长的紫外线光照下形成目视可见的磁痕,从而确定被检测磁极磁轭T尾槽存在裂纹。The magnetic powder applied on the surface is adsorbed by the leakage magnetic field, and visually visible magnetic marks are formed under the ultraviolet light of 365nm wavelength, so as to confirm that there is a crack in the T tail groove of the tested magnetic pole yoke.

所述的磁悬液由以下重量份的原料混合而成:71-73份乙醇、16-18份乙酸乙酯、2.5-3.5份三氯甲烷、1.5-2.5份丙酮、0.15-0.25份荧光磁粉;荧光磁粉粒度为350目。磁悬液沸点低于80℃,一经施加,常温下将在短时间内迅速挥发,无液体残留。使用过程如下:该磁悬液应在使用前5分钟内配置,装入密闭压力喷壶,在裂纹试板上1mm线槽上校验灵敏度,磁悬液有效期不得超过30分钟。在紫外线灯下观察被检出是否存在裂纹磁痕(吸附了荧光磁粉的裂纹,在365nm波长紫外线的照射下,将显现出明亮的黄绿色荧光)。比较好的是,所述磁悬液由以下重量份的原料混合而成:72.8份乙醇、17份乙酸乙酯、3份三氯甲烷、2份丙酮、0.2份荧光磁粉。The magnetic suspension is mixed by the following raw materials in parts by weight: 71-73 parts of ethanol, 16-18 parts of ethyl acetate, 2.5-3.5 parts of chloroform, 1.5-2.5 parts of acetone, 0.15-0.25 parts of fluorescent magnetic powder ; The particle size of fluorescent magnetic powder is 350 mesh. The boiling point of the magnetic suspension is lower than 80°C. Once applied, it will evaporate rapidly at room temperature in a short time without any liquid residue. The use process is as follows: The magnetic suspension should be prepared within 5 minutes before use, put into a closed pressure watering can, and the sensitivity should be checked on the 1mm wire groove on the crack test plate. The validity period of the magnetic suspension should not exceed 30 minutes. Observe under the ultraviolet lamp whether there are cracks and magnetic marks detected (cracks that absorb fluorescent magnetic powder will show bright yellow-green fluorescence under the irradiation of ultraviolet rays with a wavelength of 365nm). Preferably, the magnetic suspension is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 72.8 parts of ethanol, 17 parts of ethyl acetate, 3 parts of chloroform, 2 parts of acetone, and 0.2 parts of fluorescent magnetic powder.

采用磁极磁轭叠片裂纹对比试板Using pole yoke lamination crack comparison test plate

试板材质:硅钢片;试板厚度:5mmTest plate material: silicon steel sheet; test plate thickness: 5mm

试板尺寸:240mm×225mmTest plate size: 240mm×225mm

人工缺陷:线槽(模拟裂纹);加工方法:电火花加工Artificial defect: wire groove (simulated crack); processing method: EDM

#1试块:线槽尺寸:深1.0mm;长4mm;开口宽度0.25mm#1 Test block: Groove size: depth 1.0mm; length 4mm; opening width 0.25mm

#2试块:线槽尺寸:深2.0mm;长4mm;开口宽度0.25mm#2 Test block: Groove size: depth 2.0mm; length 4mm; opening width 0.25mm

#3试块:线槽尺寸:深3.0mm;长4mm;开口宽度0.25mm#3 Test block: Groove size: depth 3.0mm; length 4mm; opening width 0.25mm

裂纹对比试板的使用:Use of crack comparison test plate:

以试板上的线槽模拟实际裂纹,如检测装置测出实际裂纹的信号强度,与试板上某深度线槽信号一致,则以此线槽深度作为实际裂纹的当量深度。Use the wire groove on the test plate to simulate the actual crack. If the signal strength of the actual crack measured by the detection device is consistent with the signal of the wire groove at a certain depth on the test board, then use the wire groove depth as the equivalent depth of the actual crack.

漏磁检测前,在试板上对漏磁检测装置进行灵敏度校验和标定;Before the magnetic flux leakage detection, the sensitivity verification and calibration of the magnetic flux leakage detection device shall be carried out on the test board;

裂纹检测后,对在检测中发现的裂纹信号进行比对测量,以确定裂纹的当量深度。After the crack detection, the crack signal found in the detection is compared and measured to determine the equivalent depth of the crack.

检测过程中,可随时对漏磁及磁粉检测系统灵敏度进行验证和校核。During the detection process, the sensitivity of the magnetic flux leakage and magnetic particle detection system can be verified and checked at any time.

裂纹的质量评定和处理:Quality assessment and treatment of cracks:

评定:assessment:

裂纹当量深度为1mm~2mm时,定为I级;When the equivalent depth of the crack is 1mm~2mm, it is rated as Class I;

裂纹当量深度为2mm~3mm时,定为II级;When the equivalent depth of the crack is 2mm~3mm, it is rated as Class II;

裂纹当量深度大于3mm时,定为III级;When the crack equivalent depth is greater than 3mm, it is classified as Class III;

处理:deal with:

I级缺陷,打磨消除;Class I defects, polished to eliminate;

II级缺陷,打磨消除并将该处修为C型;For grade II defects, remove them by grinding and repair them to type C;

III级缺陷,更换该叠片或对此裂纹实施挖补。For Class III defects, replace the lamination or fill in the crack.

所有缺陷处理后,应对修补处重新进行检测,合格后方可投入使用。After all the defects are dealt with, the repaired part should be re-tested, and it can be put into use only after passing the test.

实现上述的高速水轮发电机转子磁极磁轭T尾槽检测方法的检测装置,构成如图1-5所示,包括裂纹探头检测装置5、导向支架4和漏磁检测仪1,裂纹探头检测装置5安装在导向支架4上,裂纹探头检测装置5通过信号传输线2与漏磁检测仪1连接;所述裂纹探头检测装置5包括经弹性件6固定在导向支架4上的П形磁铁A9和三维霍尔探头12,三维霍尔探头12布置在П形磁铁A9的开口处两极之间,且向前伸出至П形磁铁A9两脚斜面延伸的顶端,所述三维霍尔探头12通过信号放大及数模转换电路11经信号端子10与信号传输线2连接。所述三维霍尔探头12能够对被检部位进行磁化,同时检测XYZ三个维度上的磁场强度;信号放大及数模转换电路11可同步将三维霍尔探头12产生的三组信号整形转换并放大,通过信号端子与信号传输线相接,将检测信号传输至漏磁检测仪主机。导向支架可将裂纹探头检测装置固定于检测位置,并向裂纹探头检测装置施加恒力支持,避免移动检测时探头产生过大的跳动和摆动。The detection device for realizing the above-mentioned high-speed hydraulic generator rotor pole yoke T tail groove detection method is composed as shown in Figure 1-5, including a crack probe detection device 5, a guide bracket 4 and a magnetic flux leakage detector 1, and a crack probe detection device 5. The device 5 is installed on the guide bracket 4, and the crack probe detection device 5 is connected with the magnetic flux leakage detector 1 through the signal transmission line 2; the crack probe detection device 5 includes a П-shaped magnet A9 fixed on the guide bracket 4 through an elastic member 6 and The three-dimensional Hall probe 12, the three-dimensional Hall probe 12 is arranged between the two poles of the opening of the П-shaped magnet A9, and extends forward to the top of the inclined plane of the two legs of the П-shaped magnet A9, and the three-dimensional Hall probe 12 passes the signal The amplification and digital-to-analog conversion circuit 11 is connected to the signal transmission line 2 via the signal terminal 10 . The three-dimensional Hall probe 12 can magnetize the part to be inspected, and simultaneously detect the magnetic field strength in the three dimensions of XYZ; the signal amplification and digital-to-analog conversion circuit 11 can simultaneously shape and transform the three groups of signals generated by the three-dimensional Hall probe 12 and Amplify, connect the signal terminal with the signal transmission line, and transmit the detection signal to the host of the magnetic flux leakage detector. The guide bracket can fix the crack probe detection device at the detection position, and apply constant force support to the crack probe detection device, so as to avoid excessive jumping and swinging of the probe during mobile detection.

所述的三维霍尔探头12为三维磁敏霍尔元件阵列,由X、Y、Z三个相互垂直的片状霍尔元件组成,三个霍尔元件T形布置,能同时测量XYZ三个方向上的磁场大小和方向。The three-dimensional Hall probe 12 is a three-dimensional magnetically sensitive Hall element array, which is composed of three mutually perpendicular chip Hall elements X, Y, and Z. The three Hall elements are arranged in a T shape, and can simultaneously measure three XYZ elements. The magnitude and direction of the magnetic field in the direction.

所述导向支架4上设有手柄3,用于移动导向支架。The guide bracket 4 is provided with a handle 3 for moving the guide bracket.

所述П形磁铁A9,为钕镍钴型永磁体,用于对被检部位进行磁化,开口两极脚成45°斜面状,分别与T尾槽内转角两侧面贴合The П-shaped magnet A9 is a neodymium-nickel-cobalt permanent magnet, which is used to magnetize the part to be inspected. The two poles of the opening are inclined at 45°, and are respectively attached to the two sides of the inner corner of the T tail groove.

还包括裂纹磁粉检测装置;裂纹磁粉检测装置包括П形磁铁B13,为钕镍钴型永磁体,用于对被检部位进行磁化,开口两极脚成45°斜面状,分别与T尾槽内转角两侧面贴合;It also includes a crack magnetic powder detection device; the crack magnetic powder detection device includes a П-shaped magnet B13, which is a neodymium-nickel-cobalt permanent magnet, used to magnetize the part to be inspected, and the two poles of the opening are in the shape of a 45° inclined plane, which are respectively aligned with the inner corners of the T tail groove. Fitted on both sides;

中心波长为365nm的微型LED型紫外灯15,固定在П形磁铁B13开口处两级之间,用于激发荧光磁粉;A micro-LED type ultraviolet lamp 15 with a central wavelength of 365nm is fixed between the two stages of the opening of the П-shaped magnet B13, and is used to excite fluorescent magnetic powder;

电源端子14,安装在П形磁铁B13上,连接微型LED型紫外灯15;The power supply terminal 14 is installed on the П-shaped magnet B13, and is connected to the miniature LED type ultraviolet lamp 15;

带开关及关断显示的直流电源17,内置电池,为微型LED型紫外灯15提供电源;DC power supply 17 with switch and shutdown display, built-in battery, provides power for micro LED type ultraviolet lamp 15;

阻燃性电源线16,用于连接直流电源17和电源端子14。The flame-retardant power cord 16 is used for connecting the DC power source 17 and the power terminal 14 .

本发明的基本原理:当磁极磁轭的T尾槽被磁化时,裂纹将阻断通过工件表面的磁力线,使磁路中的磁通发生畸变,导致部分磁通逸出工件表面,在空间形成漏磁场,利用磁感应元件(探头)获取该信号,并通过检测仪对漏磁信号的处理,判定裂纹的尺寸与深度。The basic principle of the present invention: when the T-tail slot of the magnetic pole yoke is magnetized, the crack will block the magnetic field lines passing through the surface of the workpiece, and the magnetic flux in the magnetic circuit will be distorted, causing part of the magnetic flux to escape from the surface of the workpiece and form in space. Leakage magnetic field, use the magnetic induction element (probe) to obtain the signal, and through the processing of the magnetic flux leakage signal by the detector, determine the size and depth of the crack.

Claims (10)

1. the detection method of high speed magnet pole of rotor of hydraulic generator yoke T stern notch, it is characterized in that: by magnet magnetization magnetic pole yoke T stern notch, the magnetic line of force by T stern notch surface has been blocked when there is crackle, magnetic flux in magnetic circuit is distorted, cause part magnetic flux effusion T stern notch surface, form stray field in space, utilize magneto sensor to obtain magnetic leakage signal, and by Magnetic Flux Leakage Testing Instrument, magnetic leakage signal is detected.
2. the detection method of high speed magnet pole of rotor of hydraulic generator yoke T stern notch according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: by probe guiding trestle, probe is delivered to detection position, and utilize constant force structure to make probe be close to subject face, the magnetization of П shape magnet A detects the ferromagnetism lamination at position, produce induced field, when the magnetic line of force excited runs into crackle on the tested position of T stern notch, stray field will be formed in cracks, stray field is received by the magneto sensor in popping one's head in and is converted into digital signal, by Magnetic Flux Leakage Testing Instrument, signal transacting and display are carried out to crack stray field, thus judge whether tested T stern notch exists crackle.
3. the detection method of high speed magnet pole of rotor of hydraulic generator yoke T stern notch according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the method whether tested T stern notch of described judgement exists crackle is, be placed in by guiding trestle by three-dimensional hall probe and detect position, the Hall element Z in three-dimensional hall probe is parallel with magnetic pole rim lamination plane; Make X, Y, Z tri-equal zero setting of direction signal of three-dimensional hall probe; When X-direction signal is more than or equal to 25:1 with the ratio of Z-direction signal intensity or when Y-direction signal is more than or equal to 50:1 with the ratio of Z-direction signal intensity, then judge that the laminate surface of detection site exists abnormal.
4. the detection method of high speed magnet pole of rotor of hydraulic generator yoke T stern notch according to claim 3, be is characterized in that, then rechecked the position that there is anomalous field by magnetic powder detection method; Magnetic powder detection method is carried out in the steps below:
Snag clearly abnormal signal portion faces in Magnetic testi;
Open Magnetic testing installation's power source;
The probe of Magnetic testing device is placed in abnormal portion faces;
Weak vibrations magnetic flaw detection ink watering can, evenly sprays magnetic flaw detection ink at abnormal portion faces;
Be applied to the magnetic on surface by stray field absorption, under the ultraviolet illumination of 365nm wavelength, form visual visible magnetic trace, thus determine that detected magnetic pole yoke T stern notch exists crackle.
5. the detection method of high speed magnet pole of rotor of hydraulic generator yoke T stern notch according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described magnetic flaw detection ink is mixed by the raw material of following weight portion: 71-73 part ethanol, 16-18 part ethyl acetate, 2.5-3.5 part methenyl choloride, 1.5-2.5 part acetone, 0.15-0.25 part MPI fluorescent magnetic particles; MPI fluorescent magnetic particles granularity is 350 orders.
6. realize the pick-up unit of the high speed magnet pole of rotor of hydraulic generator yoke T stern notch detection method described in any one of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that: comprise crackle probe detector (5), guiding trestle (4) and Magnetic Flux Leakage Testing Instrument (1), crackle probe detector (5) is arranged on guiding trestle (4), and crackle probe detector (5) is connected with Magnetic Flux Leakage Testing Instrument (1) by signal transmssion line (2); Described crackle probe detector (5) comprises and is fixed on П shape magnet A (9) on guiding trestle (4) and three-dimensional hall probe (12) through elastic component (6), three-dimensional hall probe (12) is arranged between opening part the two poles of the earth of П shape magnet A (9), and extending out to forward the top of П shape magnet A (9) bipod inclined-plane extension, described three-dimensional hall probe (12) is amplified by signal and D/A converting circuit (11) is connected with signal transmssion line (2) through signal terminal (10).
7. the pick-up unit of high speed magnet pole of rotor of hydraulic generator yoke T stern notch according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: described three-dimensional hall probe (12) is three-dimensional magnetosensitive Hall element array, be made up of the orthogonal sheet Hall element of X, Y, Z tri-, three Hall element landing tees are put, and can measure the magnetic field size and Orientation on XYZ tri-directions simultaneously.
8. the pick-up unit of high speed magnet pole of rotor of hydraulic generator yoke T stern notch according to claim 6, is characterized in that: described guiding trestle (4) is provided with handle (3), for mobile guide support.
9. the pick-up unit of high speed magnet pole of rotor of hydraulic generator yoke T stern notch according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: described П shape magnet A (9), for neodymium nickel cobalt type permanent magnet, for magnetizing tested position, opening the two poles of the earth pin inclined plane shape at 45 °, fits with T stern notch inside lock two sides respectively.
10. the pick-up unit of high speed magnet pole of rotor of hydraulic generator yoke T stern notch according to claim 6, is characterized in that: also comprise crackle Magnetic testing device; Crackle Magnetic testing device comprises П shape magnet B (13), is neodymium nickel cobalt type permanent magnet, and for magnetizing tested position, opening the two poles of the earth pin inclined plane shape at 45 °, fits with T stern notch inside lock two sides respectively;
Centre wavelength is the miniature LED type uviol lamp (15) of 365nm, is fixed between П shape magnet B (13) opening part two-stage, for fluorescence excitation magnetic;
Power supply terminal (14), is arranged in П shape magnet B (13), connects miniature LED type uviol lamp (15);
The direct supply (17) of belt switch and shutoff display, internal battery, for miniature LED type uviol lamp (15) provides power supply;
Anti-flammability power lead (16), for connecting direct supply (17) and power supply terminal (14).
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CN105510353A (en) * 2015-11-26 2016-04-20 国家电网公司 Generator rotor magnetic pole T tail groove crack automatic detection device
CN105510353B (en) * 2015-11-26 2018-02-16 国家电网公司 Power generator rotor magnetic pole T stern notch crackle automatic detection devices
CN114994006A (en) * 2022-07-20 2022-09-02 安徽省国盛量子科技有限公司 Crack orthogonal detection system and detection method based on NV color center sensing technology
CN114994006B (en) * 2022-07-20 2022-11-11 安徽省国盛量子科技有限公司 Crack orthogonal detection system and detection method based on NV color center sensing technology
WO2025079216A1 (en) * 2023-10-12 2025-04-17 三菱ジェネレーター株式会社 Defect detection device and method for manufacturing defect detection device

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