CN104457668B - Portable axletree shaft-diameter measuring instrument - Google Patents

Portable axletree shaft-diameter measuring instrument Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104457668B
CN104457668B CN201410735484.4A CN201410735484A CN104457668B CN 104457668 B CN104457668 B CN 104457668B CN 201410735484 A CN201410735484 A CN 201410735484A CN 104457668 B CN104457668 B CN 104457668B
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China
Prior art keywords
shaft
mounting seat
measuring cell
measurement
seat
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CN201410735484.4A
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CN104457668A (en
Inventor
徐修仁
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LIUZHOU KELU MEASURING INSTRUMENT CO Ltd
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LIUZHOU KELU MEASURING INSTRUMENT CO Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01BMEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B5/00Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
    • G01B5/08Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring diameters
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01BMEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B21/00Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
    • G01B21/10Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring diameters

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • A Measuring Device Byusing Mechanical Method (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of portable axletree shaft-diameter measuring instrument, including measurement seat, measuring cell component, clamping arm component, angle table and data processor;The measurement seat is v block support;Measuring cell component has 2 groups, every group of measuring cell component includes high-acruracy survey element and measuring cell mounting seat, measuring cell mounting seat is the cylinder with hollow endoporus, it is placed on the measurement bar positioning sleeve of mounting seat endoporus bottom after the measurement bar outer cover upper shed copper sheathing of high-acruracy survey element, the measuring cell mounting seat I for measuring axle diameters is arranged on v block cradle top, the measuring cell mounting seat for measuring dust excluding plate is arranged on v block bracket end, clamping arm component as auxiliary support frame includes clamp shaft mounting seat, clamp arm and the roller installed in clamp arm end;Angle table is the angle table with proximity switch;Data processor is electrically connected with the output end and angle table of high-acruracy survey element, and the measuring instrument small volume is convenient for carrying, and high precision is simple to operate.

Description

Portable axletree shaft-diameter measuring instrument
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of axle diameters survey tool, particularly a kind of portable axletree shaft-diameter measuring instrument.
Background technology
In railway working site, especially in car inspection and repair, for make wheel to bearing with energy in axletree installation process Precision-fit requirement is reached, it is necessary to accurately be measured the bearing on car wheel-set, the diameter of axle, to carry out apolegamy work Make, obtain optimal press-fit effect.In general overhaul factory, there is advanced large scale equipment to measure the bearing diameter of axle, the measurement Instrument, can simultaneously measure three diameters in section and be automatically positioned, but expensive.In small locomotive depot or small station, at present Generally by the way of the artificial measurement using outside micrometer, there is more drawback in this metering system, one is accuracy of measurement Influenceed by operator's qualification;Two be worker easily simplify operation, not according to《Railway freight car wheel pair and rolling bearing The assembling regulation of inspection and repair》In requirement, carry out I, II two sections and I, II two sections be uniformly distributed three orientation measurements and take arithmetic and put down Average carries out Journal Diameter Measuring, causes journal diameter data inaccurate, and influence bearing inner race is selected with the assembling magnitude of interference of axle journal Match somebody with somebody, it is unqualified and do over again or occur the feelings such as bolts at axle end is fractureed, bearing inner race is rotated in using so as to bearing press mounting curve occur Condition;Three is that filling in easily for record mistake, leakage item occurs, alter;Four is big inefficiency, labour intensity.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of portable axletree shaft-diameter measuring instrument, the measuring instrument small volume is convenient for carrying, essence Degree is high, simple to operate, and can automatically carry out data acquisition and data processing, is to provide in locomotive depot or small station car inspection and repair Reliable repair apparatus;Preferably solve locomotive depot or small station measures the above-mentioned weak point of axle diameters.
To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:A kind of portable axletree shaft-diameter measuring instrument, including Measurement seat, measuring cell component, clamping arm component, angle table and data processor;
The measurement seat is v block support, and the supporting plate for dead axle is arranged on v block support both wings;
The measuring cell component has 2 groups, and every group of measuring cell component includes that high-acruracy survey element and measuring cell are pacified Dress seat, the measuring cell mounting seat is the cylinder with hollow endoporus, and measurement bar positioning sleeve is installed installed in measuring cell Seat endoporus bottom;It is placed in measuring cell mounting seat endoporus after the measurement bar outer cover upper shed copper sheathing of high-acruracy survey element On measurement bar positioning sleeve, the special spring of high-acruracy survey element promotes probe one end to lead to the measurement bar of high-acruracy survey element Spring close contact, the other end and data processor connection are crossed, the other end of measurement bar is the probe of displacement transducer;For pacifying The measuring cell mounting seat I of the high-acruracy survey element I of the dress measurement axletree diameter of axle is arranged on v block cradle top, for installing The measuring cell mounting seat II for measuring the high-acruracy survey element II of dust guard seat diameter is arranged on v block support port;
The clamping arm component includes clamp shaft mounting seat, clamp shaft, cam, handlebar, clamp arm and roller;It is described Clamp shaft mounting seat is arranged on measurement seat, and clamp shaft is arranged in clamp shaft mounting seat, and cam passes through bearing pin and clamp shaft phase Even, handlebar is fixed on cam, and roller is arranged on clamp arm end;By handlebar rotation cam, drive clamp shaft upper and lower It is mobile, so as to drive clamp arm to move up and down, finally drive roller to move up and down or horizontal hunting or locking;
The angle table is the angle table with proximity switch;
The data processor includes central processing unit, and its data input, output end are high-precision with each measuring cell component Spend measuring cell output end be connected, its data processor input also respectively with the proximity switch signal output part of angle table Connection.
Its further technical scheme is:The angle table with proximity switch includes pointer, angle scale, dial plate and table Seat, the dial plate is a cylinder, and there is the boss for installing rotating shaft at center, and there is the disk of boss on two sides centered on the gauge stand, There is the stairstepping through hole for running through on boss, gauge stand connects and composes a framework with the cylinder of dial plate;Rotating shaft is located at the interior of framework Portion, one end are connected perpendicular to dial plate with dial plate, and the other end is stretched into the boss of gauge stand, tightened by bolt, support shaft be fixed on from In dial plate rotating shaft nearby, its dial plate contact surface is provided with wave spring washer, the swing rod that lower end is fixed with pendulum is fixed on Near gauge stand side in rotating shaft, angle scale is fixed on the outside of dial plate, and pointer is fixed on angle scale outside, on the angle scale Scale rises by indicating 30 °, 90 °, 120 °, 150 ° of scale respectively counterclockwise from horizontal direction, proximity switch is fixed on gauge stand, Its position respectively with 30 ° of scale on angle scale, 90 °, 120 °, 150 ° of position it is corresponding, when the spindle is rotated, be fixed on rotating shaft On swing rod it is corresponding with proximity switch respectively, meanwhile, signal is sent to central processing unit by corresponding proximity switch respectively.
The measuring instrument also includes two handles, is separately mounted to measure the both sides of seat.
Because the portable axletree shaft-diameter measuring instrument for taking above technical scheme, the present invention has the characteristics that and beneficial effect Really:
1st, the portable axletree shaft-diameter measuring instrument of the present invention is first as measurement using 0.2 micron order high accuracy displacement sensor Part, certainty of measurement is high, and certainty of measurement reaches a μm level, and measurement diameter tolerance is 0.027mm.
2nd, the portable axletree shaft-diameter measuring instrument of the present invention is used and is enclosed within after high-acruracy survey member outboard again brass bushing In being put into bottom and having a measuring cell mounting seat of measurement bar positioning sleeve, high-acruracy survey element is subject to measuring cell mounting seat and Huang The double shielding of copper sheathing, will not be subject to any infringement, meanwhile, with measurement bar positioning sleeve fixation measuring bar, tested surface is unshifted, Meet the detection validity of high-precision sensor, it is ensured that the accuracy of measurement data.
3rd, the portable axletree shaft-diameter measuring instrument of the present invention is used and clamps arm component as auxiliary support frame, with v block Support assorted forms three stress points, fit angle table rotation, it is ensured that the work of measuring instrument safety and stability;Using v block support As measurement support, diameter principle is measured with v block, make tested axle diameters D and measuring cell measuring surface to special spring Promote the linear apart from △ h of probe output end(Referring to Fig. 7), zero-bit is calibrated by standard round, use relative measurement Method, it is ensured that the accuracy of measurement data.
4th, angle table carries out anglec of rotation design using gravity, when angle table is rotated with portable axletree shaft-diameter measuring instrument When, the swing rod 99 that lower end is fixed with pendulum 910 is motionless, when be carved with pointer orientation angle disk 30 °, 90 °, 120 °, 150 ° During a certain anglec of rotation, swing rod 99 will be corresponding with one of corresponding proximity switch 951,952,953,954- on gauge stand 913, approach Switch biography removes signal, and the diameter of axle diameters or dust excluding plate when measuring cell measures this angle immediately is above-mentioned several by measuring The data of angle, you can the need for meet diameter measurement code, that is, require that the diameter of axle will measure three diameters in regulation section, often Secondary turn of 120 ° of measurements once, are surveyed three times altogether;Dust excluding plate will be measured twice, i.e., the need for every turn 90 ° of measurements once.
5th, the portable axletree shaft-diameter measuring instrument compact of the present invention, is easy to carry, and is adapted to medium sized vehicle section, wheel shop It is easy to operate or outdoor repairing is used.
Below, the technical characteristic in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments to the portable axletree shaft-diameter measuring instrument of the present invention makees further Explanation.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1~Fig. 3 is the overall structure diagram of the portable axletree shaft-diameter measuring instrument of the present invention:
Fig. 1:Front view, Fig. 2:Side view, Fig. 3:Top view;
Fig. 4 is angle table overall structure diagram(Front view);
Fig. 5:The A-A direction views of Fig. 4(Proximity switch distribution schematic diagram);
Fig. 6:Angle scale structural representation;
Fig. 7:It is the portable axletree shaft-diameter measuring instrument measurement diameter schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 8:Data processor and high-acruracy survey element and the proximity switch electrical connection schematic diagram of angle table.
In figure:
1- measures seat, 2- measuring cells mounting seat I, 3- openings copper sheathing, 4- high-acruracy survey elements, 4a- high-acruracy surveys Element I, 4b- high-acruracy surveys element II, the special springs of 401- promote probe, 402- measurement bars, 5- measurement bar positioning sleeves, 6- Supporting plate, 7- handlebars, 8- cams, 9- angle tables, 10- handle balls;
11- bearing pins, 12,25,27-A profile shaft check rings, 13- clamp shafts, 14 clamp shaft mounting seats, 15-16- be oriented to Stop collar, 18- clamp arms;19th, 22- hex nuts, 20- locating shafts, 21- keys, 23- plain washers, 24- roller supporting axles, 26- axles Hold, 28- rollers, 29,36,39,43- hexagon socket cap head screws, 30- spring bases, 31- set screws;
32- measuring cells mounting seat II, 33,34,35- springs, 37- Handle mounts I, 38,45,47- crossed countersunk head spiral shells Nail, 40- handles, 41- Handle mounts II, 42- milled screws, 44- fillister head screws, 46- shaft shoulder guide plates;
91- pointers, 92- angle scales, 93- dial plates, 94- cross recessed countersunk head sscrews;95th, 951,952,953,954- is close to opening Close, 97- wave spring washers, 98- support shafts, 99- swing rods, 910- pendulums, 912- axle sleeves, 913- gauge stands, 914- adjustment spiral shells Nail, 915- rotating shafts, 96,916- Cross Recess Head Screws.
Specific embodiment
A kind of portable axletree shaft-diameter measuring instrument, the portable axletree shaft-diameter measuring instrument includes measurement seat 1, measuring cell group Part, clamping arm component, angle table and data processor;
As shown in FIG. 1 to 3, the measurement seat 1 is v block support, and the supporting plate 6 for dead axle is arranged on V-type On retort stand both wings;
The measuring cell component has 2 groups, and every group of measuring cell component includes that high-acruracy survey element and measuring cell are pacified Dress seat, the measuring cell mounting seat is the cylinder with hollow endoporus, and measurement bar positioning sleeve 5 is installed installed in measuring cell Seat endoporus bottom;It is placed in measuring cell mounting seat after the outer cover upper shed copper sheathing 3 of measurement bar 402 of high-acruracy survey element 4 On measurement bar positioning sleeve 5 in hole, the special spring of high-acruracy survey element promotes 401 one end of probe and high-acruracy survey element Measurement bar 402 be in close contact by spring, the other end and data processor are connected, the other end of measurement bar 402 is that displacement is passed The probe of sensor;Measuring cell mounting seat I 2 for installing the 4a of high-acruracy survey element I of measurement axle diameters is arranged on V-type Retort stand top(Referring to Fig. 1), the measuring cell mounting seat II of the 4b of high-acruracy survey element II for installing measurement dust excluding plate 32 are arranged on v block support port(Referring to Fig. 3);
The clamping arm component includes clamp shaft mounting seat 14, clamp shaft 13, cam 8, handlebar 7, the and of clamp arm 18 Roller;The clamp shaft mounting seat 14 is arranged on measurement seat 1, and clamp shaft 13 is arranged in clamp shaft mounting seat 14, and cam 8 leads to Cross bearing pin to be connected with clamp shaft 13, handlebar 7 is fixed on the cams 8, roller 28 passes through roller supporting axle 24, spring base 30, spiral shell Nail is arranged on sequentially to be installed in the end of clamp arm 18, the centre bore of spring base 30 and is cased with spring 33,34 and locating shaft 20;By regulation Screw 31 and key 21 can adjust the installation elasticity and precision of roller 28(Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2);
By the rotation cam 8 of handlebar 7, clamp shaft 13 is driven to move up and down, so that drive clamp arm 18 to move up and down, most Roller is driven to move up and down or horizontal hunting or locking afterwards(Referring to Fig. 1);The size of clamping force can adjust set screw 31, change Become spring pressure to realize.
The angle table is the angle table 9 with proximity switch;As shown in Fig. 4~Fig. 6, the angle with proximity switch Degree table 9 includes pointer 91, angle scale 92, dial plate 93 and gauge stand 913, and the dial plate 93 is a cylinder, and there is installation rotating shaft at center 915 boss, there is the disk of boss on two sides centered on the gauge stand 913, there is the stairstepping through hole for running through, gauge stand on boss 913 connect and compose a framework with the cylinder of dial plate;Rotating shaft 915 is located inside, one end of framework perpendicular to dial plate and dial plate 93 connections, the other end is stretched into the boss of gauge stand 913, is tightened by bolt, and support shaft 98 is fixed on the rotating shaft from dial plate 93 nearby On 915, its wave spring washer 97 is provided with dial plate contact surface, twisting adjustment screw 14 can adjust wave spring washer Elastic force, increases and decreases the pivoting friction resistance of rotating shaft 15, prevents it from swinging back and forth;The swing rod 99 that lower end is fixed with pendulum 910 is fixed on Near the side of gauge stand 913 in rotating shaft 915, the rotating shaft 915 is respectively arranged with axle sleeve with gauge stand 913, the boss junction of dial plate 93 912;Angle scale 92 is fixed on the outside of dial plate 93, and pointer 91 is fixed on the outside of angle scale 92, the center of angle scale 92 and rotating shaft 915 shaft core position is consistent;Scale on the angle scale 92 rise from horizontal direction by indicate respectively counterclockwise 30 °, 90 °, 120 °, 150 ° of scale, proximity switch 951,952,953,954 is fixed on gauge stand 913, its position respectively with angle scale 92 on 30 ° of scale, 90 °, 120 °, 150 ° of position correspondence, when the spindle is rotated, be fixed on swing rod 99 in rotating shaft 915 respectively with The correspondence of proximity switch 951,952,953,954, meanwhile, by corresponding proximity switch 951,952,953,954 respectively to centre Reason device sends signal.
The data processor includes central processing unit, display module and input, output interface module(I/O modules), its The input of I/O modules, output end are connected with the output end of the high-acruracy survey element of each measuring cell component, its I/O module Input be also connected with the proximity switch signal output part of angle table respectively, can anti-leak-stopping by delay confirmation signal designation Inspection and flase drop.
The present invention portable axletree shaft-diameter measuring instrument measurement diameter of axle diameter principle as shown in fig. 7, using v block support as Measurement auxiliary stand, diameter principle is measured with v block, makes tested axle diameters D and measuring cell measuring surface to special spring Promote the linear apart from △ h of probe output end(Referring to Fig. 7), zero-bit is calibrated by standard round, use relative measurement Method, it is ensured that the accuracy of measurement data;In Fig. 7, D is axle diameters, and △ h are high-acruracy survey element measuring surface to special bullet Spring promotes the distance of probe.
In the present invention, the data processing of the data processor and the computational methods of data are to utilize prior art, Here is omitted.
Measuring instrument of the present invention also includes two handles 40, is respectively mounted by Handle mount I 37, Handle mount II 41 In the both sides of measurement seat 1.
The portable axletree shaft-diameter measuring instrument of the present invention can measure the D types axletree and its shaft shoulder that the axletree diameter of axle is 130cm(It is anti- Dirt plate)It is 150cmE types axletree and its shaft shoulder with the axletree diameter of axle(Dust excluding plate), measure two kinds of measurements of different size model axletree Instrument basic structure is identical, simply v block support size, clamping arm component, supporting screw, nut, pad equidimension It is different.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of portable axletree shaft-diameter measuring instrument, it is characterised in that:The portable axletree shaft-diameter measuring instrument includes measurement seat, surveys Amount component element, clamping arm component, angle table and data processor;
It is described measurement seat (1) be v block support, for dead axle supporting plate (6) installed in v block support both wings;
The measuring cell component has 2 groups, and every group of measuring cell component includes high-acruracy survey element and measuring cell mounting seat, The measuring cell mounting seat is the cylinder with hollow endoporus, and measurement bar positioning sleeve (5) is installed in measuring cell mounting seat Endoporus bottom;It is placed in measuring cell mounting seat after measurement bar (402) outer cover upper shed copper sheathing (3) of high-acruracy survey element On measurement bar positioning sleeve (5) in hole, the special spring of high-acruracy survey element promotes probe (401) one end and high-acruracy survey The measurement bar (402) of element is in close contact by spring, the other end and data processor are connected, the other end of measurement bar (402) It is the probe of displacement transducer;Measuring cell mounting seat I for installing the high-acruracy survey element I (4a) of the measurement axletree diameter of axle (2) installed in v block cradle top, the measurement unit of the high-acruracy survey element II (4b) for installing measurement dust guard seat diameter Part mounting seat II (32) is installed in v block support port;
The clamping arm component includes clamp shaft mounting seat (14), clamp shaft (13), cam (8), handlebar (7), clamp arm And roller (28) (18);The clamp shaft mounting seat (14) in measurement seat (1), installed in clamp shaft pacify by clamp shaft (13) In dress seat (14), cam (8) is connected by bearing pin with clamp shaft (13), and handlebar (7) is fixed on cam (8), roller (28) Installed in clamp arm (18) end;By handlebar (7) rotation cam (8), clamp shaft (13) is driven to move up and down, so as to drive Clamp arm (18) is moved up and down, and finally drives roller to move up and down or horizontal hunting or locking;
The angle table is the angle table (9) with proximity switch;
The data processor includes central processing unit, and its data input, output end are surveyed with the high accuracy of each measuring cell component The output end for measuring element is connected, and proximity switch signal output part of its data processor input also respectively with angle table connects Connect.
2. portable axletree shaft-diameter measuring instrument according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The angle with proximity switch Degree table includes pointer (91), angle scale (92), dial plate (93) and gauge stand (913), and the dial plate (93) is a cylinder, and center has The boss of rotating shaft (915) is installed, there is the disk of boss on two sides centered on the gauge stand (913), there is the ladder for running through on boss Shape through hole, gauge stand (913) connects and composes a framework with the cylinder of dial plate;Rotating shaft (915) is hung down positioned at the inside of framework, one end Directly it is connected with dial plate (93) in dial plate, the other end is stretched into the boss of gauge stand (913), tightened by bolt, support shaft (98) is fixed In dial plate (93) rotating shaft (915) nearby, its dial plate contact surface is provided with wave spring washer (97), lower end is fixed with The swing rod (99) of pendulum (910) is fixed in rotating shaft (915) near gauge stand (913) side, and angle scale (92) is fixed on dial plate (93) outside, pointer (91) be fixed on angle scale (92) outside, the scale on the angle scale (92) rise from horizontal direction by 30 °, 90 °, 120 °, 150 ° of scale are indicated respectively counterclockwise, and proximity switch (951,952,953,954) is fixed on gauge stand (913) on, its position respectively with 30 ° of scale on angle scale (92), 90 °, 120 °, 150 ° of position it is corresponding, work as axis of rotation When, the swing rod (99) being fixed in rotating shaft (915) is corresponding with proximity switch (951,952,953,954) respectively, meanwhile, corresponded to Proximity switch (951,952,953,954) send signal to central processing unit respectively.
3. portable axletree shaft-diameter measuring instrument according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The measuring instrument also includes two one or two Hand(40), it is separately mounted to measure seat(1)Both sides.
CN201410735484.4A 2014-12-05 2014-12-05 Portable axletree shaft-diameter measuring instrument Active CN104457668B (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201410735484.4A CN104457668B (en) 2014-12-05 2014-12-05 Portable axletree shaft-diameter measuring instrument

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CN104457668B true CN104457668B (en) 2017-06-13

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Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021209300A1 (en) * 2020-04-15 2021-10-21 Liebherr-Components Biberach Gmbh Measuring device for measuring a cable diameter

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CN106185172A (en) * 2015-05-07 2016-12-07 苏州塞维拉上吴电梯轨道系统有限公司 A kind of T-shaped guide rail feeding clamping device
CN106123743A (en) * 2016-06-08 2016-11-16 无锡职业技术学院 The detection device of a kind of cylinder outside diameter, system and method
CN109000539B (en) * 2016-10-31 2020-10-30 安徽省行千里知识产权服务有限公司 Special chuck for testing diameter error of cable for power supply system
CN108981635A (en) * 2018-05-30 2018-12-11 朱承启 Portable axle shaft-diameter measuring instrument
CN111390530A (en) * 2020-04-15 2020-07-10 河北京车轨道交通车辆装备有限公司 Press mounting method for bearing of wheel axle box of railway vehicle
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CN2656939Y (en) * 2003-07-23 2004-11-17 上海航天卫星应用有限公司 Portable axle diameter measuring device
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CN202083318U (en) * 2011-04-28 2011-12-21 包连新 Portable measurer for wheel diameter of locomotive

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EP0554920A2 (en) * 1989-05-02 1993-08-11 Eaton Leonard, Inc. Optical probe
CN2503452Y (en) * 2001-09-21 2002-07-31 天津钢管有限责任公司 Adjustable steel pipe roundness and external caliper
CN2656939Y (en) * 2003-07-23 2004-11-17 上海航天卫星应用有限公司 Portable axle diameter measuring device
CN201193942Y (en) * 2008-04-17 2009-02-11 程钢 Cylinder measuring apparatus
CN202083318U (en) * 2011-04-28 2011-12-21 包连新 Portable measurer for wheel diameter of locomotive

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021209300A1 (en) * 2020-04-15 2021-10-21 Liebherr-Components Biberach Gmbh Measuring device for measuring a cable diameter

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