CN104455105A - Floating type brake pad - Google Patents
Floating type brake pad Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104455105A CN104455105A CN201410789954.5A CN201410789954A CN104455105A CN 104455105 A CN104455105 A CN 104455105A CN 201410789954 A CN201410789954 A CN 201410789954A CN 104455105 A CN104455105 A CN 104455105A
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- brake pad
- friction
- brake
- backboard
- disc
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Abstract
The invention discloses a floating type brake pad. The floating type brake pad comprises a back plate, a plurality of friction blocks, disc springs and clamping springs, wherein the friction blocks are arranged on the back plate, the disc springs are arranged between the friction blocks and the back plate, and the friction blocks are connected to the first back plate in a floating mode through the clamping springs. Positioning grooves are formed in the back plate, and the disc springs are arranged inside the positioning grooves. The back plate is divided into a plurality of concentric circular rings by using the circle center of a brake disc matched with the brake pad as the circle center. The circular rings are equal in radial length. The friction area of the friction block inside each circular ring is not larger than 15% of the standard average friction area compared with the standard average friction area. According to the floating type brake pad, the problem of fatigue cracks caused by instantaneous stress concentration during braking of existing disc springs is solved, meanwhile, gaps between the back plate and the friction blocks are reduced, oscillation of the friction blocks is small, meanwhile, the problem of eccentric abrasion of the friction blocks is avoided, and the brake stability is greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of disc brake being applied to bullet train, particularly a kind of floatation type brake pad.
Background technique
In train disk braking system, brake pad is one of critical component, and braking force is applied on brake pad by brake clamp, makes brake pad and the brake disc of brake pad, absorbs kinetic energy, train braking is stopped.When brake pad and brake disc and relative sliding time, slip surface can produce frictional heat.Frictional heat can cause both on the contact surface thermal distortion to occur.Thermal distortion can affect again the contact distribution between rubbing surface conversely.For given friction factor, brake disc also exists certain critical slip circle speed, when higher than this numerical value, nominally equally distributed contact will become unstable, and can regional area mineralization pressure on slip surface and frictional heat concentrated.When the yield limit of the temperature stress that frictional heat causes higher than material, can produce focus in sliding friction surface, this phenomenon is called thermoelastic instability.The generation of focus can aggravate damage and the wearing and tearing of material, even can cause disk type braker generation low-frequency vibration, and these phenomenons are all disadvantageous to the braking of vehicle.Along with the progressively raising of car speed, the requirement of braking ability is also being improved gradually.Therefore, thermoelastic instability problem is also more and more paid close attention to by people.
In order to avoid the thermoelastic instability problem of brake disc, first need to make the thermal distortion of brake disc less, the temperature gradient of the frictional heat produced during braking is less.Existing a kind of settling mode is by avoiding brake pad eccentric wear to realize in the comparatively uniform mode of the frictional heat making brake pad be subject to, such as, Chinese patent document CN201606435U discloses a kind of brake pad with elastic floating structure, belleville spring is installed additional between brake pad and backboard, when high speed brake lining is braked, the angle of brake pad can change to improve effective friction area between brake pad and brake disc, thus alleviating the eccentric wear of brake pad, the frictional heat that the brake pad making size identical produces is roughly equal.But, when practical application, this structure can only make the eccentric wear of brake pad, crackle, fall the phenomenon such as block, defect is alleviated, and the rub distortion of thermogenetic brake disc or seminess do not solve, cause the working life of brake disc lower, the braking ability of break is poor.
For this reason, how to solve the thermoelastic instability problem of brake disc, the thermal distortion reducing brake disc then becomes those skilled in the art's technical barrier urgently to be resolved hurrily.
Summary of the invention
For this reason, technical problem to be solved by this invention is that existing train brake plate thermoelastic instability causes braking ability poor and brake disc life-span shorter problem, and then provides a kind of and reliablely and stablely can make brake pad and brake disc good fit and farthest avoid brake pad eccentric wear and the less brake pad of brake disc thermal distortion.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, floatation type brake pad of the present invention, it comprises, a kind of floatation type brake pad, and it comprises, backboard, and described backboard forms multiple positioning hole; Several brake pads, it comprises, friction part, the positioning part of inserting described positioning hole and the spherical support portion be arranged between described friction part and described positioning part, and the sphere in described spherical support portion protrudes to direction, described positioning part; Several jump rings, described jump ring is connected on described positioning part, is connected to by described brake pad on described backboard; Also comprise the disc spring be arranged between described brake pad and described backboard, described backboard forms locating slot, described disc spring is arranged in described locating slot; With the center of circle of the brake disc coordinated with described brake pad for the center of circle, described backboard is divided into some donuts, described annulus length is radially equal, and the friction area of the described brake pad in each described annulus is no more than 15% of benchmark average friction area up and down compared with benchmark average friction area.
Benchmark average friction area of the present invention is by the number of the friction area sum of the some described brake pad on backboard divided by annulus.
The position of centre of gravity being positioned at the described brake pad of brake lining center of effort line both sides is no more than 15% of reference range apart from the distance sum of described brake lining center of effort line up and down compared with reference range.Because brake pad is installed on brake lining bearing, and brake clamp is connected by movable joint with brake lining bearing, and therefore, namely the axis of described movable joint forms brake lining center of effort of the present invention line.Described reference range of the present invention be the position of centre of gravity of all described brake pad on described backboard apart from the distance sum of described brake lining center of effort line divided by 2.
The position of centre of gravity being positioned at the described brake pad of brake lining center of effort line both sides is equal apart from the distance sum of described brake lining center of effort line.
Because brake pad is installed on brake lining bearing, and brake clamp is connected by movable joint with brake lining bearing, and namely the axis of described movable joint constitutes brake lining center of effort of the present invention line.
Described locating slot is cylindrical groove, and the diameter of described locating slot is slightly larger than described disc spring diameter.
Described brake pad is by friction piece, locating piece and dunnage one sinter molding, and described friction piece is cylinder chamfered edge cylinder, and it forms described friction part, and described dunnage is the thin plate of middle part for spherical structure, and its land portions forms described spherical support portion; Shaping positioning part, described locating piece one end, described positioning part is inserted in described positioning hole through described dunnage, and the other end is connected with described friction piece.
Described friction piece is provided with several positioning bodies towards the one side of described dunnage, and described dunnage is provided with the positioning hole matched with described positioning body.
Described backboard is one-body molded on the plate face away from described brake pad side dovetail configuration.
Technique scheme of the present invention has the following advantages compared to existing technology:
(1) brake pad of the present invention forms floating type connecting structure by arranging disc spring between brake pad and backboard, when bullet train is braked, brake pad passes through float support, can freely adjust best effort face, the effective brake area of the contact of brake pad and brake disc is increased, alleviates the eccentric wear phenomenon of brake pad.Simultaneously; locating slot offered by backboard; disc spring is installed in locating slot; disc spring can be protected on the one hand; prevent disc spring brake time moment stress concentrate the problem causing fatigue fracture, meanwhile, decrease the gap between backboard and brake pad; make the swing of brake pad less, insensitivity improves greatly.In addition, with the center of circle of the brake disc coordinated with described brake pad for the center of circle, described backboard is divided into some donuts, described annulus length is radially equal, the friction area of the described brake pad in each described annulus is no more than 15% of benchmark average friction area up and down compared with benchmark average friction area, namely the friction area in several equidistant annulus is roughly equal, by changing the arrangement of brake pad on backboard, make the density of heat flow rate of brake disc consistent, the intensification that the frictional heat that during braking, brake pad produces produces at brake disc is uniformly distributed, avoid the too high brake disc caused of existing brake pad temperature gradient to be out of shape or seminess, improve the working life of brake disc, the braking ability of break is greatly improved.
(2) the present invention is centered by brake lining center of effort line, and the described brake pad of the left and right sides is no more than 15% of reference range apart from the distance sum of described brake lining center of effort line up and down compared with reference range.This brake pad can make brake pad on brake lining roughly equal apart from the moment of brake lining center of effort line, avoids the phenomenon of brake pad eccentric wear, and brake pad temperature rise is comparatively even, further increases insensitivity and the working life of break.
(3) further, backboard and brake pad are locked by jump ring by brake pad of the present invention, make the connection of each parts simply compact.The friction part of brake pad is set to cylinder chamfered edge column structure, and multiple brake pad intermeshes, and realizes the locking of brake pad substantially horizontal in pad back plate mounting plane.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to make content of the present invention be more likely to be clearly understood, below according to a particular embodiment of the invention and by reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is further detailed explanation, wherein
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of floatation type brake pad of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that the A-A of Fig. 1 is to sectional view;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of brake pad of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the assembly structure schematic diagram of floatation type brake pad of the present invention;
In figure, reference character is expressed as:
1-backboard, 11-positioning hole, 12-locating slot, 2-brake pad, 21-friction part, 22-spherical support portion, 23-positioning part, 231-locating groove, 3-jump ring, 4-disc spring, 5-friction piece, 51-positioning body, 6-locating piece, 7-dunnage, 71-positioning hole, 8-dovetail configuration, A-brake disc, B-brake clamp, C-movable joint, D-brake lining bearing.
Embodiment
Below with reference to accompanying drawing, following examples are used to be further elaborated the present invention.
Fig. 1, Fig. 2 are floatation type brake pad of the present invention, and it comprises, and are spliced mutually the backboard be formed by connecting by two pieces of backboards 1; Be arranged on several brake pads 2 on described backboard 1; Be arranged at the disc spring 4 between described brake pad 2 and described backboard 1, and described brake pad 2 can be connected to jump ring 3 on described backboard 1 by floating ground.As shown in Figure 1, with the virtual center of circle of described backboard 1 for the center of circle, described backboard 1 is divided into three annulus (in figure the separated annulus of circular arc dot and dash line), three described annulus length is radially equal, the friction area of the described brake pad 2 in each described annulus is no more than 12% of benchmark average friction area up and down compared with benchmark average friction area, and namely the friction area of equidistant annulus is roughly equal.The arrangement of this brake pad can make the density of heat flow rate of backboard consistent, the intensification that the frictional heat that during braking, brake pad produces produces at backboard is uniformly distributed, avoid the too high backboard caused of existing brake pad temperature gradient to be out of shape or seminess, improve the working life of brake pad.
Further, brake pad of the present invention is centered by brake lining center of effort line, and the described brake pad of both sides is roughly equal apart from the distance of described brake lining center of effort line.As shown in Figure 4, because brake pad A is installed on brake lining bearing D, and brake clamp B is connected by movable joint C with brake lining bearing D, and namely the axis of described movable joint C forms brake lining center of effort of the present invention line.As shown in Figure 1, in nine pieces of brake pads on this brake pad, the brake pad 2 of upside is (a+b+c+d+e) apart from the distance of described brake lining center of effort line, the brake pad 2 on right side is (f+g+h+i) apart from the distance of described brake lining center of effort line, i.e. (a+b+c+d+e) ≈ (f+g+h+i).This brake pad can make brake pad on brake lining equal apart from the moment of brake lining center of effort line, and avoid the phenomenon of brake pad eccentric wear, insensitivity improves; Further, brake pad temperature improves comparatively even, and the working life of brake pad improves.
Can be found out by thermal imaging experiment, common brake lining is when 385kph, and the same card temperature difference of brake disc reaches more than 400 DEG C, when brake disc localized heat stress exceedes the yield limit of disc material itself, to plastic deformation be produced, and produce thermal stress at deformation place simultaneously, brake disc is cracked.And brake lining also will produce oscillatory type friction in braking process, brake lining will bear larger frequent impact, and the phenomenon such as block, metal transfer easily appears falling in friction piece.The above-mentioned brake pad of the application is under same operating, and card is heated evenly, and the temperature difference is no more than 150 DEG C; Improve the working life of brake disc greatly, substantially increase the safe application performance of brake lining.
As shown in Figure 2, described backboard 1 forms multiple positioning hole 11 for connecting described brake pad 2; Preferably, described backboard 1 forms the coaxial locating slot 12 of multiple and described positioning hole 11, described disc spring 4 placed by described locating slot 12, the diameter of described locating slot 12 is slightly larger than the external diameter of described disc spring 4, can prevent disc spring 4 when braking moment stress concentrate the problem causing fatigue fracture, meanwhile, described backboard 1 arranges locating slot 12 and can reduce gap between backboard 1 and brake pad 2, make the swing of brake pad 2 less, insensitivity improves greatly.In the present embodiment, described backboard 1 is one-body molded on the side away from described brake pad 2 dovetail configuration 8, and described dovetail configuration 8 is shaping by integrally casting with described backboard 1.
As shown in Figure 2, described brake pad 2 comprises friction part 21, the positioning part 23 of inserting described positioning hole 11 and the spherical support portion 22 be arranged between described friction part 21 and described positioning part 23, the sphere in described spherical support portion 22 protrudes to direction, described positioning part 23.In the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 3, described brake pad 2 is by friction piece 5, locating piece 6 and dunnage 7 one sinter molding, described friction piece 5 is cylinder chamfered edge cylinder, it forms described friction part 21, and multiple brake pad intermeshes, and realizes the locking of brake pad substantially horizontal in pad back plate mounting plane; Described dunnage 7 for middle part be the thin plate of spherical structure, its profile is consistent with the shape of described friction piece 5, and its land portions forms described spherical support portion 22; Shaping positioning part 23, described locating piece 6 one end, described positioning part 23 is inserted in described positioning hole 11 through described dunnage 7, and the other end is connected with described friction piece 5.Wherein, described positioning part 23 forms locating groove 231.
Be more prone to locate when sintering to make friction piece 5 and described dunnage 7, in present embodiment, described friction piece 5 is provided with several positioning bodies 51 towards the one side of described dunnage 7, and described dunnage 7 is provided with the positioning hole 71 matched with described positioning body 51.
During braking device work, retardation pressure acts on described backboard 1, is delivered on described brake pad 2 by some disc springs 4, and some brake pads 2 steadily laminating brake disc implement braking.Make brake lining brake pad can realize three-dimensional minor rotation because described disc spring 4 contacts with the spherical support portion 22 of described brake pad 2, with the fricting working surface making brake pad farthest with brake disc, prevent the problem of brake pad eccentric wear.
In other embodiments, described backboard 1 for the center of circle, is divided into some equidistant annulus with the center of circle of described brake disc by described brake pad, and the friction area of the described brake pad 2 in each described annulus is equal; Centered by brake lining center of effort line, the described brake pad 2 of both sides is equal apart from the distance sum of described brake lining center of effort line; Above scheme is perfect condition of the present invention.And consider the processing cost of brake pad, described brake pad with the center of circle of described brake disc for the center of circle, described backboard 1 is divided into some equidistant annulus, and the friction area of the described brake pad 2 in each described annulus is no more than 15% of benchmark average friction area up and down and can ensures that the temperature gradient of backboard is lower compared with benchmark average friction area; Centered by brake lining center of effort line, the described brake pad 2 of both sides is no more than 15% of reference range up and down apart from the Distance geometry of described brake lining center of effort line compared with reference range can ensure that both sides moment is roughly equal, avoids eccentric wear excessive.
Obviously, above-described embodiment is only for clearly example being described, and the restriction not to mode of execution.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description.Here exhaustive without the need to also giving all mode of executions.And thus the apparent change of extending out or variation be still among the protection domain of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. a floatation type brake pad, it comprises,
Backboard (1), described backboard (1) forms multiple positioning hole (11);
Several brake pads (2), it comprises, friction part (21), the positioning part (23) of inserting described positioning hole (11) and the spherical support portion (22) be arranged between described friction part (21) and described positioning part (23), the sphere of described spherical support portion (22) protrudes to described positioning part (23) direction;
Several jump rings (3), described jump ring (3) is connected on described positioning part (23), is connected to by described brake pad (2) on described backboard (1); It is characterized in that:
Also comprise the disc spring (4) be arranged between described brake pad (2) and described backboard (1), described backboard (1) forms locating slot (12), described disc spring (4) is arranged in described locating slot (12); With the center of circle of the brake disc coordinated with described brake pad for the center of circle, described backboard (1) is divided into some donuts, described annulus length is radially equal, and the friction area of the described brake pad (2) in each described annulus is no more than 15% of benchmark average friction area up and down compared with benchmark average friction area.。
2. floatation type brake pad according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the position of centre of gravity being positioned at the described brake pad (2) of brake lining center of effort line both sides is no more than 15% of reference range apart from the distance sum of described brake lining center of effort line up and down compared with reference range.
3. brake pad according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the position of centre of gravity being positioned at the described brake pad (2) of brake lining center of effort line both sides is equal apart from the distance sum of described brake lining center of effort line.
4., according to the arbitrary described floatation type brake pad of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that:
Described locating slot (12) is cylindrical groove, and the diameter of described locating slot (12) is slightly larger than described disc spring (4) diameter.
5., according to the arbitrary described floatation type brake pad of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that:
Described brake pad (2) is by friction piece (5), locating piece (6) and dunnage (7) one sinter molding, described friction piece (5) is cylinder chamfered edge cylinder, it forms described friction part (21), described dunnage (7) for middle part be the thin plate of spherical structure, its land portions forms described spherical support portion (22); Shaping positioning part, described locating piece (6) one end (23), described positioning part (23) is inserted in described positioning hole (11) through described dunnage (7), and the other end is connected with described friction piece (5).
6. floatation type brake pad according to claim 5, is characterized in that:
Described friction piece (5) is provided with several positioning bodies (51) towards the one side of described dunnage (7), and described dunnage (7) is provided with the positioning hole (71) matched with described positioning body (51).
7. floatation type brake pad according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
Described backboard (1) is one-body molded on the plate face away from described brake pad (2) side dovetail configuration (8).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410789954.5A CN104455105A (en) | 2014-12-17 | 2014-12-17 | Floating type brake pad |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410789954.5A CN104455105A (en) | 2014-12-17 | 2014-12-17 | Floating type brake pad |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104455105A true CN104455105A (en) | 2015-03-25 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410789954.5A Pending CN104455105A (en) | 2014-12-17 | 2014-12-17 | Floating type brake pad |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106678206A (en) * | 2015-09-28 | 2017-05-17 | 北京浦然轨道交通科技有限公司 | Adjustable floating brake pad |
| CN106996430A (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2017-08-01 | 克诺尔车辆设备(苏州)有限公司 | A kind of floating type brake lining |
| CN107061577A (en) * | 2017-04-11 | 2017-08-18 | 北京天宜上佳新材料股份有限公司 | A kind of brake pad with big amount of floating flexible member |
| CN108700145A (en) * | 2016-01-13 | 2018-10-23 | 克诺尔轨道车辆系统有限公司 | Brake lining for rail vehicle disk brake |
| CN109058337A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2018-12-21 | 博深工具股份有限公司 | A kind of floating structure train brake plate of abnormal shape disc spring connection |
| CN109073005A (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2018-12-21 | 克诺尔轨道车辆系统有限公司 | The brake lining of partially lined disk brake for rail vehicle, brake lining are in the arrangement system on liner retainer and for friction element to be assembled the method on the liner support of brake lining |
| CN109931352A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2019-06-25 | 中车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司 | Elastic floating brake lining |
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| CN204327815U (en) * | 2014-12-17 | 2015-05-13 | 北京天宜上佳新材料有限公司 | Floatation type brake pad |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106678206A (en) * | 2015-09-28 | 2017-05-17 | 北京浦然轨道交通科技有限公司 | Adjustable floating brake pad |
| CN108700145A (en) * | 2016-01-13 | 2018-10-23 | 克诺尔轨道车辆系统有限公司 | Brake lining for rail vehicle disk brake |
| US10816050B2 (en) | 2016-01-13 | 2020-10-27 | Knorr-Bremse Systeme für Schienenfahrzeuge GmbH | Brake lining for disc brakes of rail vehicles |
| CN109073005A (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2018-12-21 | 克诺尔轨道车辆系统有限公司 | The brake lining of partially lined disk brake for rail vehicle, brake lining are in the arrangement system on liner retainer and for friction element to be assembled the method on the liner support of brake lining |
| CN109073005B (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2020-09-22 | 克诺尔轨道车辆系统有限公司 | Brake lining, arrangement system and method for assembling friction element |
| CN107061577A (en) * | 2017-04-11 | 2017-08-18 | 北京天宜上佳新材料股份有限公司 | A kind of brake pad with big amount of floating flexible member |
| CN106996430A (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2017-08-01 | 克诺尔车辆设备(苏州)有限公司 | A kind of floating type brake lining |
| CN109931352A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2019-06-25 | 中车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司 | Elastic floating brake lining |
| CN109058337A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2018-12-21 | 博深工具股份有限公司 | A kind of floating structure train brake plate of abnormal shape disc spring connection |
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Address after: 100094 Beijing city Haidian District Town West Xin Li Tun Cun Nan Railway North 500 meters Applicant after: Beijing Tianyi good new materials Limited by Share Ltd Address before: 102206 Beijing city Haidian District town Yongtai Village No. 198 Applicant before: Beijing Tianyishangjia New Materials Co., Ltd. |
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Application publication date: 20150325 |