CN104453785A - Pneumatic heating device preventing hydrates from being generated at throttling part of gas well - Google Patents
Pneumatic heating device preventing hydrates from being generated at throttling part of gas well Download PDFInfo
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- CN104453785A CN104453785A CN201410563535.XA CN201410563535A CN104453785A CN 104453785 A CN104453785 A CN 104453785A CN 201410563535 A CN201410563535 A CN 201410563535A CN 104453785 A CN104453785 A CN 104453785A
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- Prior art keywords
- heating
- gas well
- self
- temperature
- pneumatic
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 206010037660 Pyrexia Diseases 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000346 nonvolatile oil Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004020 luminiscence type Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002937 thermal insulation foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B36/00—Heating, cooling or insulating arrangements for boreholes or wells, e.g. for use in permafrost zones
- E21B36/04—Heating, cooling or insulating arrangements for boreholes or wells, e.g. for use in permafrost zones using electrical heaters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
A pneumatic heating device preventing hydrates from being generated at the throttling part of a gas well is used for preventing the hydrates from being generated at the throttling part of the gas well. The pneumatic heating device can generate power through the energy of the gas well and then emit heat through the electric energy, and therefore the temperature at the throttling part of an oil nozzle of a well mouth can be increased. The pneumatic heating device is mainly composed of a control valve, a connecting joint, a self-heating fixed oil nozzle, a pneumatic turbine, a transmission shaft, a turbine generator, a temperature controller, electric heating coils, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and a storage battery. The pneumatic heating device has the advantages that the energy of the gas well is used to generate electricity and heat to heat the fixed oil nozzle, the heating temperature is automatically controlled to be higher than the generation temperature of the hydrates, the heat loss is reduced, and therefore the hydrates can be prevented from being generated. The pneumatic heating device can be automatically controlled, is easy to operate, convenient to assemble and disassemble, small in labor intensity and friendly to environment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to oil gas field anti-gas well mouth throttling hydrate generation technique, specifically a kind of device utilizing gas well mouth self-energy to prevent the generation of gas well mouth hydrate.
Background technology
The exploitation of current natural gas occupies more and more consequence in our energy system, but in natural gas extraction and transportation, pressure reduces gradually, volume expansion, and flow velocity increases, and fluid temperature (F.T.) reduces gradually.When temperature is reduced to hydrate generation temperature, in the pipeline of gas well, just hydrate may be formed.Gas hydrates, once be formed, will block pit shaft, pipeline, valve and equipment, have a strong impact on the normal production of gas well, reduce the economic benefit of gas well.
The method that tradition separates Hydrate Plugging mainly contains: (1) removes moisture method; (2) exhausting pipeline method; (3) pipeline heating (hydrate just likely generates lower than uniform temperature); (4) water filling compound inhibitors method etc.In current scene, conventional hydrate inhibitor method and boiler heating pipes collimation method suppress the generation of hydrate, thus reach the effect of de-plugging.
Although above several method can remove the blocking of gas well mouth hydrate, also there is big for environment pollution, complex process, labour intensity large and to drawbacks such as technological requirement are strict.Hydrate inhibitor method requires repeatedly to inject, and big for environment pollution; Traditional heating scene of also wanting provides electric power heating or boiler heating etc., and need external energy, cost of production is high and equipment complicated.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of action effect good, to produce and running cost is low, the device that gas well self-energy prevention of water compound can be utilized to generate.
For achieving the above object, general plotting of the present invention is: this device is directly connected with flow string by screw thread, in the place's throttling of equipment oil nozzle, recycling gas well air-flow drives air impeller to rotate, generated electricity by power transmission shaft drive electrical generators, and then utilize electric energy to generate heat in oil nozzle throttling place, thus improve the temperature at oil nozzle or choke valve place, it is made to generate temperature higher than hydrate, reduce the air velocity of gas well mouth simultaneously, well head is dispelled the heat reduce, keep wellhead temperature, thus reach the effect of prevention of water compound generation.Can also realize in addition, to the automatic control of electric heating coil temperature, making unnecessary electrical power storage or luminescence simultaneously, avoiding the waste of energy.
The technical solution used in the present invention is: primarily of by-pass valve control, jointing, Self-heating fixed choke, air impeller, power transmission shaft, generator, temperature controller, electric heating coil, temperature pick up, pressure sensor, electric storage means composition.
By-pass valve control is a kind of device of natural gas flow in production control pipeline, and valve adopts flashboard to control the flowing of line gas.
Jointing adopt standard thread form, make device can and on-the-spot appendix seamless link (diameter design is between 62 ~ 114mm), interface and apparatus main body design in 90 °.
Self-heating fixed choke carries out throttling to gas well, and replaceable oil nozzle size, inside has heating plate and Heat Conduction Material, utilizes the spontaneous current heating of device, improves the temperature at oil nozzle place.
Air impeller is inner at apparatus main body, and be the pressure energy of Compressed Gas is converted to mechanical energy and produces the pneumatic apparatus of rotary motion, its rotating shaft is connected with slow-speed shaft, and the highest pressure that bears of air impeller design is 30MPa.
Power transmission shaft is linked together at the rotor axis of air impeller and gear-box, is power transmission device, at the power of device conducted inside air impeller, by rotating shaft conducting power to electrical power generators.
Turbine generator utilizes the rotor of power transmission shaft drive electrical generators to rotate in the stator, and generator amature forms magnetic field by direct current, and this magnetic field is rotated sectioned coil in the stator and formed electric current.Power bracket 500 ~ 2000KW.
Pressure sensor PS1, PS2 pressure limit: 0 ~ 30MPa, experimentation Computer is connected with pressure sensor, monitors and record it.
Temperature pick up PT1, PT2 pressure limit :-50 DEG C ~ 200 DEG C, experimentation Computer is connected with temperature pick up, monitors and record it.
Electric heating coil is wrapped on gas well pipeline, the device heated gas well pipeline by heat transfer, radiation and convection current etc.
Battery is the device of supply and store electrical energy.Electric energy is provided for it when engine power generation is not enough; When electrical power generators is sufficient, battery just stores unnecessary electric energy.
Temperature control equipment is by carrying out automatic analysis to the temperature of temperature pick up, thus changes a kind of control device of Current Control electric heating coil quantity of heat production, and effect is the automatic control realizing throttling place heating.
The feature of apparatus of the present invention is that jointing has screw thread, and make device and on-the-spot appendix seamless link, air-flow enters Self-heating fixed choke and carries out throttling, enters agent set and drives air impeller to rotate, then enter gas transmission line from outlet; Power is passed to generator through power transmission shaft by air impeller, and drive electrical generators generates electricity.The electric current of generator is connected with battery by temperature controller, the temperature controller control and regulation size of current of electric storage means by connecting, thus regulates the calorific value of electric heating coil, makes unnecessary electrical power storage; Electric energy enters Self-heating fixed choke and drives electric fever tablet to generate heat, thus the temperature at heating oil nozzle place; Electric heating coil is connected to temperature pick up, the data of temperature are passed to temperature controller, realize the automatic control of electric heating coil temperature.Electrothermal ring is attachment device, can wrap in equipment place and heat.
The present invention can realize making full use of gas well self-energy by above-mentioned embodiment and carry out well head Automatic-heating, and heating is controlled automatically, reduce gas flow rate simultaneously, thus improve the temperature at surface choke place, effectively prevent the generation of gas well throttling place hydrate.
Adopt technique scheme, compared with prior art, feature of the present invention is: this device utilizes gas well self-energy to generate heat, and technique is simple, and easy to loading and unloading, labour intensity is little, advantages of environment protection.
Figure of description
Fig. 1 is pneumatic heating anti-gas well throttling hydrate generating apparatus overall structure view.
Fig. 2 is Self-heating fixed choke overall structure view
Fig. 3 is air impeller TRT overall structure lateral view
Fig. 4 is device air impeller part-structure view
Fig. 5 is device Electrothermal ring topology view
In figure: 1, air inlet port, 2, Self-heating fixed choke, 3, air impeller TRT, 4, gas outlet, 5, electric wire, 6, temperature controller, 7, battery, 8, air inlet port, 9, fixed choke, 10, Heat Conduction Material, 11, electricity fever tablet, 12, gas outlet, 13, turbine case, 14, turbine wheel, 15, sealing ring, 16, turbine wheel shaft, 17, intermediate, 18, fuel feed hole, 19, dividing plate, 20, stator, 21, rotor, 22, power transmission shaft, 23, lead-in wire, 24, air inlet port, 25, air inlet switch, 26, turbo blade, 27, gas outlet, 28, go out air cock, 29, heating collar housing, 30, isolation layer, 31, electric heating layer, 32, heat-conducting layer, 33, installation opening, 34, assembling band.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and enforcement, the present invention is described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, pneumatic heating anti-gas well throttling hydrate generating apparatus, it comprises 1, air inlet port, and 2, Self-heating fixed choke, 3, air impeller TRT, 4, gas outlet, 5, electric wire, 6, temperature controller, 7, battery, described air inlet port 1 is connected with on-the-spot pipeline; Described Self-heating fixed choke 2 li carries out throttling to gas well, and replaceable oil nozzle size, inside has heating plate and Heat Conduction Material, utilizes the spontaneous current heating of device, improves the temperature at oil nozzle place; Described air impeller TRT is made up of turbine, generator, and the air-flow after throttling drives turbine rotation, and turbine is generated electricity by power transmission shaft drive electrical generators; Described temperature controller 6 is automatic control equipment, can carry out distribution adjustment by analysis temperature sensor signal to the electric current entered; Described battery is electrical storage device, stores when outside electricity, supplements when outside electricity is low.
As shown in Figure 2, Self-heating fixed choke, it comprises 8, air inlet port, and 9, fixed choke, 10, Heat Conduction Material, 11, electric fever tablet, 12, gas outlet, described fixed choke 9 can need change according to scene; Described electric fever tablet 11 is rare metal fever tablet; Described Heat Conduction Material is Al-alloy products, and has multiple heat elimination hole.
As shown in Figure 3, air impeller TRT, it comprises 13, turbine case, 14, turbine wheel, 15, sealing ring, 16, turbine wheel shaft, 17, intermediate, 18, fuel feed hole, 19, dividing plate, 20, stator, 21, rotor, 22, power transmission shaft, 23, lead-in wire, described turbine case 13 has the set casing of device, supporter and lid, adopts screw to be connected and fixed between lid and supporter; Described turbine wheel 14 is fixed on turbine wheel shaft 16, drives it to rotate by the flowing of gas, thus drives power transmission shaft 22 to rotate; Described sealing ring 15 is fixed on power transmission shaft 22, prevents the effusion of gas, the tightness of assurance device; Described intermediate 17 is the device of the inner fixed conveyor axle of device; Described fuel feed hole 18 enters the passage of power transmission shaft for lubrication oil; Described stator 20 is magnetic part, and rotor 21 rotates cutting magnetic induction line and forms electric current in magnetic field, then enters temperature controller through lead-in wire 23;
As shown in Figure 4, air impeller parts comprise 24, air inlet port, and 25, air inlet switch, 26, turbo blade, 27, gas outlet, 28, go out air cock, described air inlet port 24 has jointing, by screw thread and production flow line seamless link; Described air inlet switch 25, go out air cock 27 for Valve controlling switch, the inflow and outflow of gas is controlled;
As shown in Figure 5, Electrothermal ring parts comprise 29, heating collar housing, and 30, isolation layer, 31, electric heating layer, 32, heat-conducting layer, 33, installation opening, 34, assembling band.Described heating collar housing 29 is colloid housing, has waterproof, the characteristic such as sun-proof; Described isolation layer 30 is fire-retardant heat insulation foam; Described electric heating layer 31 has multiple rare metal fever tablet; Described heat-conducting layer 32 is Al-alloy products, and has multiple heat elimination hole; Described installation opening 33 is the opening portion of Electrothermal ring, facilitates on-the-spot parcel equipment; Described assembling band 34, can according to device diameters size manual adjustments for convenience of the tight parcel equipment de-sign of heating collar.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the jointing of gas well waterproof compound generating apparatus is by screw thread and production flow line seamless link, Self-heating fixed choke is had to carry out throttling to gas after the jointing of device, gas enters in the main body of device, because gas has very high flow velocity, drive air impeller to rotate, gas flow rate reduces afterwards, by jointing bleeder main body, enter normal production flow line; Air impeller rotates and drives drive axis simultaneously, power transmission shaft drives the rotor of motor to rotate in the stator, generator amature forms magnetic field by direct current, after this magnetic field is rotated in the stator, coil in magnetic force line cutting stator, in coil, induction is except electromotive force, at generator terminal place coating-forming voltage after the electromotive force superposition of a lot of coil, thus forms electrical current.The electric current that turbine generator produces enters temperature controller, temperature control system carries out Treatment Analysis to the signal that temperature pick up on pipeline is beamed back, automatically the calorific value of electric heating coil on fever tablet on Self-heating fixed choke or pipeline is controlled by changing size of current, unnecessary electric current enters in battery and stores simultaneously, uses when generated energy is few in order to system.
Claims (4)
1. pneumatic heating anti-gas well throttling hydrate generating apparatus, it is characterized in that: mainly contain air inlet port (1), Self-heating fixed choke (2), air impeller TRT (3), gas outlet (4), electric wire (5), temperature controller (6), the parts such as battery (7).
2. the pneumatic heating anti-gas well throttling hydrate generating apparatus according to claim 1, is characterized in that: after air inlet port (1) jointing adopts Design of Screw Thread to be connected on gas transmission line; After Self-heating fixed choke (2) is connected on air inlet port (1); Air impeller TRT (3) is connected by pipeline with Self-heating fixed choke (2); Temperature controller (6) is communicated with by electric wire (5) with air impeller TRT (3), battery (7), Self-heating fixed choke (2).
3. Self-heating fixed choke according to claim 1, is characterized in that: oil nozzle (9) is fixed on device top, fixes with bolt; Electricity fever tablet (11) is fixed on device gap, is connected with air impeller TRT (3) by electric wire; Heat Conduction Material (10) is Al-alloy products, directly contacts with oil nozzle.
4. the air impeller TRT according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: turbine wheel (14) is fixed in turbine case (13), be connected with power transmission shaft (22) by turbine wheel shaft (16), power transmission shaft (22) is connected with rotor (21); Stator (20) is fixed on TRT inside; Device is connected with temperature controller (6) by electric wire.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410563535.XA CN104453785A (en) | 2014-10-21 | 2014-10-21 | Pneumatic heating device preventing hydrates from being generated at throttling part of gas well |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410563535.XA CN104453785A (en) | 2014-10-21 | 2014-10-21 | Pneumatic heating device preventing hydrates from being generated at throttling part of gas well |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104453785A true CN104453785A (en) | 2015-03-25 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410563535.XA Pending CN104453785A (en) | 2014-10-21 | 2014-10-21 | Pneumatic heating device preventing hydrates from being generated at throttling part of gas well |
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| CN (1) | CN104453785A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112696613A (en) * | 2021-02-26 | 2021-04-23 | 西南石油大学 | Anti-freezing and anti-blocking throttling oil nozzle |
| CN114320232A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2022-04-12 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Heating control device for gas well annular pressure relief pipeline |
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| CN203430482U (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2014-02-12 | 吉效科 | Wellhole-pipeline self-energy heating paraffin removal integrated device |
| CN103775026A (en) * | 2014-01-16 | 2014-05-07 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Self-generating electric heat tracing device for natural gas well |
-
2014
- 2014-10-21 CN CN201410563535.XA patent/CN104453785A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20090284013A1 (en) * | 2008-05-15 | 2009-11-19 | General Electric Company | Dry 3-way catalytic reduction of gas turbine NOx |
| RU2449112C1 (en) * | 2010-08-13 | 2012-04-27 | Открытое Акционерное Общество "Ставропольский радиозавод "Сигнал" (ОАО "Ставропольский радиозавод "Сигнал") | Method of thermal rates regulating of oil wells and oil pipelines |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114320232A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2022-04-12 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Heating control device for gas well annular pressure relief pipeline |
| CN114320232B (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2024-03-26 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Heating control device for annular pressure relief pipeline of gas well |
| CN112696613A (en) * | 2021-02-26 | 2021-04-23 | 西南石油大学 | Anti-freezing and anti-blocking throttling oil nozzle |
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Application publication date: 20150325 |