CN104451663A - Preparation method for nickel-based glass fiber composite material based on laser cladding - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a laser cladding coating method for iron-based titanium carbide. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps: 1, selecting 45# steel as a cladding substrate, polishing to be smooth and clean by 600-mesh sand paper, thoroughly removing oil stains and rust on the surface of the substrate by an acetone solution; 2, drying nickel-based powder in a drying machine at 120 DEG C for 60 minutes; 3, arranging glass fibers on the substrate, and prearranging nickel-based powder on the surface of the 45# steel substrate, wherein the powder is 1-5 mm in thickness; 4, cladding by a high-power semiconductor laser device, wherein the laser power is 3,000 W. The selected and used optical spot is 2-8 mm in width, the focal length is 370 mm, the scanning speed is 8 mm/s or 16 mm/s, and argon gas is adopted as protection gas.

Description

A kind of preparation method of the Ni-based glass fiber compound material based on laser melting coating

The invention belongs to laser melting coating metal composite field, particularly relate to a kind of preparation method of laser fusion covered nickel base glass fiber compound material.

Background technology

Laser melting coating is the Laser Surface Modification Technology of a kind of advanced person, add cladding material (powder feeding, wire feed, preset etc.) on workpiece (or body material) surface, by high-energy-density LASER HEATING, cladding material and matrix surface sheet metal is made to reach molten state rapidly, now by the heat conduction of workpiece itself, rapid solidification crystallization is cladding layer, to obtain metallurgical binding between body material and thinning ratio is low and have modified layer or the repair layer of various characteristic.The alloy coat of cladding different properties on the body material of cheapness, can significantly improve the performance such as wear-resisting, anti-corrosion, heat-resisting and anti-oxidant of substrate surface, have vast potential for future development.Compared with traditional process for modifying surface, laser melting and coating process has following characteristics:

(1) laser melting coating causes the thermal distortion of body material hardly, and process cycle is short, and production efficiency is high;

(2) traditional surface modifying method (thermospray, plating etc.) is compared, the scope of the cladding material selected by laser melting coating is quite extensive, comprise Ni-based, cobalt-based, iron-based, carbide composite material and various stupalith, and material use efficiency is high;

(3) thickness of laser cladding layer, shape, thinning ratio and composition are controlled, and between matrix, bonding force is strong;

(4) compared with cast alloy, alloy coat dense structure, crystal grain is tiny, and wear resistance and hardness all increase.

The current main flow of laser melting coating clad material is self-fluxing alloyed powder.It is the alloy that self can play solvent action, and namely when remelting, alloy itself has from deoxy performance with from slag making performance.Using maximum in current clad material is Fe, Co, Ni base self-fluxing alloyed powder.Wherein Fe based powders price is minimum, and Co base price lattice are the highest, but Fe based powders in corrosion resisting property not as Ni base and Co based powders, therefore nickel-based self-fluxing alloy is inexpensive and have certain solidity to corrosion and high-temperature self-lubrication effect and extremely pay attention to.

Nickel base self-fluxing alloy powder is the most typical, and the low self-fluxing nature of fusing point is good, has good toughness and shock-resistant ability, resistance toheat and antioxidant property.The performance of resistance to intermetallic frictional wear and low stress abrasive wear is all good, also has higher corrosion resistance nature, most widely used general, but high-temperature behavior is not as Co-based alloy powder.Co-based alloy powder is used in the part be exposed under high temperature corrosion atmosphere, has very high high temperature resistant solidity to corrosion and antioxidant property.Nickel-base alloy can substituting cobalt metal, has very important application prospect.Cobalt is quite rare and expensive metal, and nickel is widely used and more cheap, is usually used in the cladding of high pressure gas turbine blade or the modification of screw in injection molding machine.

Glass fibre characteristic: glass is a kind of with crisp well-known material, glass is once being heated, just can be drawn into the glass fibre also thinner than hair, it just becomes soft as synthon, and tough and tensile degree even will exceed the steel wire of same thickness, although glass is different with glass fibre appearance, but their structure is the same, its transverse section is nearly all complete circle, the equal cylinder of outward appearance, and diameter is 2-20 micron.Glass reinforced plastic fortifying fibre diameter used is 5-9 micron, only have ten parts of hair, but the tensile strength of monofilament is up to 100-300 kilograms per square millimeter, than natural fiber and man-made fiber height 5-10 doubly, than high-strength steel height 1-2 doubly.Before compound, glass fibre should be made felt pan or textiles, or cutting short-forming fiber as required.

Compared with non-metal-matrix composite, the potentiality of metal-base composites not yet give full play to, and application surface is narrow, and ripe kind is little.This situation is until the mid-1970s ability and sagacity take a favorable turn.Within 1974, first time has been affirmed the exactness of development and application metal-base composites by U.S. material consulting office, represents and will pay attention to and support this work.The a series of strict requirement that the development of this mainly Aeronautics and Astronautics, energy industry proposes, it seems to only have and relies on metal-base composites and fine pottery porcelain and can solve.Metal-base composites toughener used, except graphite, boron fibre, also has high-tensile steel wires, high-meltiing alloy silk (tungsten, molybdenum) and whisker (aluminum oxide, silicon carbide) etc.These fibers are used for forming matrix material with aluminium, magnesium, titanium, copper and mickel cobalt base superalloy respectively.

At present, the research of laser melting coating metal-based fibers matrix material is little, and Ni-based and glass fibre has respective remarkable characteristic, the invention provides a kind of preparation method of matrix material.

Summary of the invention

Invent the preparation for laser cladding method main at present mainly metal composite, propose processing method prepared by the matrix material that adds glass fibre in metal-powder.

The invention provides a kind of preparation method of laser fusion covered nickel base glass fiber compound material, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:

Step one: choose the matrix of 45# steel as cladding, bright and clean with 600 order sand paperings, then remove clean matrix surface greasy dirt and rusty stain with acetone soln;

Step 2: nickel base powder is placed in dryer and dries, temperature 120 DEG C, 60 minutes time;

Step 3: glass fibre is placed on matrix, nickel base powder is preset at 45# steel matrix surface, powder thickness 1mm ~ 5mm;

Step 4: use high-power semiconductor laser cladding, wherein laser power is 3000W.Selected hot spot is wide is 2 ~ 8mm, focal length 370mm.Sweep velocity is 8mm/s, 16mm/s, and shielding gas is argon gas.

The granularity of the nickel base powder in step 2 is 50 ~ 100 μm.

The present invention has the following advantages:

1, laser melting coating can improve the performance such as wear-resisting, anti-corrosion, heat-resisting and anti-oxidant of substrate surface;

2, the low self-fluxing nature of nickel base self-fluxing alloy powder fusing point is good, has good toughness and shock-resistant ability, resistance toheat and antioxidant property, and the performance of resistance to intermetallic frictional wear and low stress abrasive wear is all good, also has higher corrosion resistance nature

3, glass fibre is soft as synthon, and tough and tensile degree even will exceed the steel wire of same thickness.

4, laser facula width is large, can obtain the cladding layer of larger area;

5, the matrix material of laser fusion covered nickel base powder and fiber is a kind of new processing method.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the cladding layer macro morphology of example of the present invention

Fig. 2 is the SEM metallograph of example one of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the SEM metallograph of example two of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the SEM metallograph of example one of the present invention

Fig. 5 is the SEM metallograph of example two of the present invention

Embodiment

Example one:

(1) 45# steel with V-type groove is chosen as the matrix of cladding, V-type groove size 0.7mm × 2.1mm, bright and clean with 600 order sand paperings, then remove clean matrix surface greasy dirt and rusty stain with acetone soln;

(2) nickel base powder is placed in dryer dries, temperature 120 DEG C, 60 minutes time;

(3) be placed in by glass fibre in V-type groove, nickel base powder is preset at 45# steel matrix surface, powder thickness 1.5mm;

(4) use high-power semiconductor laser cladding, wherein laser power is 3000W.Selected hot spot is wide is 2 ~ 8mm, focal length 370mm.Sweep velocity is 8mm/s, and shielding gas is argon; .

(5) through micro-hardness testing, gained cladding layer average hardness 384.2HV, after cladding, cladding layer macro morphology as shown in Figure 1, and SEM metallograph as shown in Figure 2,4.

Example two:

(1) 45# steel with V-type groove is chosen as the matrix of cladding, V-type groove size 0.7mm × 2.1mm, bright and clean with 600 order sand paperings, then remove clean matrix surface greasy dirt and rusty stain with acetone soln;

(2) nickel base powder is placed in dryer dries, temperature 120 DEG C, 60 minutes time;

(3) be placed in by glass fibre in V-type groove, nickel base powder is preset at 45# steel matrix surface, powder thickness 1.5mm;

(4) use high-power semiconductor laser cladding, wherein laser power is 3000W.Selected hot spot is wide is 2 ~ 8mm, focal length 370mm.Sweep velocity is 16mm/s, and shielding gas is argon gas;

(5) through micro-hardness testing, gained cladding layer average hardness 307.3HV, after cladding, cladding layer macro morphology as shown in Figure 1, and SEM metallograph is as shown in Fig. 3,5.

Claims (2)

1. the invention provides a kind of preparation method of laser fusion covered nickel base glass fiber compound material, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:

Step one: choose the matrix of 45# steel as cladding, bright and clean with 600 order sand paperings, then remove clean matrix surface greasy dirt and rusty stain with acetone soln;

Step 2: nickel base powder is placed in dryer and dries, temperature 120 DEG C, 60 minutes time;

Step 3: glass fibre is placed on matrix, nickel base powder is preset at 45# steel matrix surface, powder thickness 1.5mm;

Step 4: use high-power semiconductor laser cladding, wherein laser power is 3000W.Selected hot spot is wide is 2 ~ 8mm, focal length 370mm.Sweep velocity is 8mm/s, 16mm/s, and shielding gas is argon gas.

2. the preparation method of Ni-based glass fiber compound material as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the granularity of the nickel base powder in step 2 is: 50 ~ 100 μm.