CN104449807B - A kind of quenching oil extracting visbreaking system - Google Patents
A kind of quenching oil extracting visbreaking system Download PDFInfo
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- CN104449807B CN104449807B CN201310418754.4A CN201310418754A CN104449807B CN 104449807 B CN104449807 B CN 104449807B CN 201310418754 A CN201310418754 A CN 201310418754A CN 104449807 B CN104449807 B CN 104449807B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G21/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by extraction with selective solvents
- C10G21/06—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by extraction with selective solvents characterised by the solvent used
- C10G21/12—Organic compounds only
- C10G21/14—Hydrocarbons
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C7/00—Purification; Separation; Use of additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G21/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by extraction with selective solvents
- C10G21/28—Recovery of used solvent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
- C10G2300/1003—Waste materials
- C10G2300/1007—Used oils
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of quenching oil extracting visbreaking system, comprise: extraction tower and solvent recovery tower, extraction tower is provided with quenching oil opening for feed and solvent feed mouth, extraction tower top connects in the middle part of solvent recovery tower, and solvent recuperation top of tower connects the solvent feed mouth of extraction tower; Described extraction tower hypomere adopts macroporous plate, and extraction tower epimere adopts any tray column or packing tower structure, and macroporous plate accounts for the 20%-100% of total stage number.Extracting visbreaking system of the present invention adds sieve tray in extraction tower, and weight component is better separated, strengthening visbreaking effect.This extraction tower can improve the separating power of tower effectively, alleviates chilling oil bodying tendency at the bottom of tower, reduces tower inner member fouling and blocking, thus improve visbreaking effect, extend manufacture cycle.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ethylene production field, furtherly, relate to a kind of quenching oil extracting visbreaking system.
Background technology
At present, main ethylene unit adopts steam heat cracking technology to produce the basic organic chemical raw materials such as ethene, propylene, divinyl, aromatic hydrocarbons in the world.The raw materials such as lighter hydrocarbons, petroleum naphtha, hydrogenation tail oil and a certain proportion of dilution steam generation are blended in industrial pyrolysis furnace and scission reaction occur under hot conditions, and split product goes out the industrial chemicals such as ethene, propylene, divinyl through operation final production such as over-quenching, compression, separation.
Quenching system is an important component part of ethylene unit, is made up of, carries the task of separating and cracking gasoline, diesel oil, oil fuel component equipment such as quencher, oil scrubber, water wash columns, is also the key equipment reclaiming heat.As the first operation of cracking of ethylene gas disposal, it usually becomes the bottleneck of restriction ethylene unit output and running steady in a long-term, and it runs quality to ethylene unit performance important.
The splitting gas that the outlet of industrial pyrolysis furnace waste heat boiler comes is sent into bottom oil scrubber at quencher after quenching oil spraying cooling, and after reflux cooling, the heavy component in split product coagulates at the bottom of tower and is incorporated in quenching oil.Light constituent in split product, from oil scrubber Base top contact, enters water wash column and continues to be cooled to about 40 DEG C, enter follow-up compression separation system.Most of dilution steam generation required for cracking derives from the UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN of device internal quench oil, and insufficient section is supplemented by pipe network steam.Oil wash column bottom temperature is higher, steam generation more, and it is better that device by utilizing waste heat utilizes, and outer benefit steam consumption is fewer.Therefore the height of oil wash column bottom temperature directly determines the size of waste heat recovery volume, also affects device production cost.In quenching system, quenching oil constantly circulates between quencher and oil wash tower reactor, and it is per hour that its internal circulating load often reaches a few kiloton, and the extraction of oil product only has tens tphs, causes quenching oil to be detained for a long time in system.Owing to containing the unsaturated aromatic hydrocarbon such as vinylbenzene, indenes component in split product quenching oil, the circulation under long high temperature of these materials can be polymerized, and generates macromolecular substance, causes quenching oil viscosity to increase, quenching oil moving situation is worsened, affects heat transfer effect.Owing to cannot improve by quenching oil viscosity influence oil wash column bottom temperature, cause quenching oil heat recuperation incomplete, cause dilution steam generation generating capacity wretched insufficiency, therefore need a large amount of steam to fill into system, cause energy dissipation.Simultaneously because quenching oil viscosity increases, add the power of systemic circulation pump, cause plant energy consumption to remain high.
Quenching oil is as the important heat-transfer medium of ethylene unit, and the rising of its viscosity directly can have influence on the normal running of pyrolyzer, gasoline splitter and dilution steam generation generation systems, even quenching oil recycle system pipeline and equipment blocking accident occurs.Quench oil system the high loading steady running of ethylene unit long period and energy-saving and cost-reducing on play a part very important.
Traditional process for reducing viscosity adds modified thinning oil (Pyrolysis gas oil PGO) to reduce viscosity.Pyrolysis gas oil PGO blending in quenching oil, though the effect reducing quenching oil viscosity can be played, also Shortcomings part.First, the internal circulating load of Pyrolysis gas oil PGO in oil scrubber can be increased, strengthen the gas phase load in the middle part of oil scrubber tower reactor to tower, correspondingly reduce the processing power of oil scrubber; Secondly, containing a large amount of components such as vinylbenzene, naphthalene, indenes in Pyrolysis gas oil PGO, when they are along with quenching oil circulation time, polymkeric substance can be produced by polymerization reaction take place, and on the column plate accumulating in oil scrubber or filler, affect heat transfer and the mass transfer effect of column plate and filler, make tower pressure reduction increase, the processing power of tower declines; Again, due to the increase of Pyrolysis gas oil PGO internal circulating load, can component containing part diesel oil in the pyrolysis gasoline of tower top and the Pyrolysis fuel oil PFO of tower reactor extraction, have influence on the quality of pyrolysis gasoline and oil fuel, the operation of follow-up quenching water column time serious, can be made to worsen; Finally, because the amount of quenching oil is very large, therefore in order to reduce chilling oil viscosity, usually need to mix a large amount of Pyrolysis gas oil PGOs, and the time of injecting is longer, otherwise visbreaking effect is poor.
Viscosity depressant is that research department and ethene patent business worked out the chemical agent of various applicable reduction quenching oil viscosity both at home and abroad in recent years, suppresses the activity of polyreaction free radical to realize visbreaking target by adding chemical assistant.Chinese patent CN101062880A proposes a kind of quench oil viscosity reductant be made up of stopper, dispersion agent and metal passivator, there is the effect suppressing polymerization, prevent gathering and passivating metallic surfaces, reduce corrosion and the fouling of quenching system equipment, add-on is few, and there is satisfactory stability, the side effect of oil-water emulsion can not be produced.Add viscosity depressant and do not change quenching oil composition, fundamentally cannot solve quenching oil viscosity high problem.
Visbreaking tower visbreaking principle is, from the quenching oil of quenching oil circulation pump outlet, under the control of temperature control valve (TCV), the ethane cracking gas come with Control for Pyrolysis Furnace Area contacts in nozzle mixer, and the light constituent in quenching oil is vaporized, and enters visbreaking tower with splitting gas.Visbreaking tower is made up of two sections, and epimere is a cyclonic separator, and hypomere is a free-falling district.After mixture enters visbreaking tower, first in cyclonic separator, carry out the separation of liquid phase, the light constituent of vaporizing in ethane cracking gas and quenching oil enters oil scrubber tower reactor from visbreaking tower tower top, the heavy liquid phase component of not vaporizing passes through hypomere, enter visbreaking tower tower reactor, output to tank field as byproduct (Pyrolysis fuel oil PFO).Like this, from quenching oil, fractionate out the heavier feeds containing a large amount of resin and asphalt selectively and light material is stayed in systems in which, the light component concentration in quench oil circulated is increased, thus reducing quenching oil viscosity.Utilize ethane outlet of still splitting gas or directly use the steam stripped mode of steam heat, by the light constituent stripping in quenching oil is turned back in the recycle system, the oil that in the increase quenching oil recycle system, lightweight oil dilution proportion viscosity is high is utilized to realize visbreaking, to ensure system stable operation.
The weak point of the method is: one is that ethane stove must use high compressed steam air lift when burning, and gas phase directly returns quenching oil column, and quenching oil column load is high; Two is that to send light constituent content in heavy fuel oil after stripping outside less, sends pipeline outside and easily blocks.From the condition of production of each cover ethylene unit, only have part ethylene unit Reduce viscosity tower normal operation and reach certain visbreaking effect.Because visbreaking system cloud gray model is abnormal, there is larger gap in the actual motion index of most of device quench oil system and original design value, becomes the bottleneck of limit production ability.Adopt the steam stripped process for reducing viscosity of water vapor in actually operating because heavy fuel oil in fact all can not normally run in the blocking of visbreaking tower reactor.
The splitting gas that Chinese patent CN101074184 proposes pyrolyzer outlet comes is sent into bottom oil scrubber after cooling, carries out separating substances, forms three bursts of backflows; Quenching oil at the bottom of tower is after cooling, and part returns oil scrubber, and part is sent outside; Stage casing dish oil is after cooling, and part returns oil scrubber, and part is blended at the bottom of tower and is used as adjusting viscosity, and part is sent outside; Trim the top of column gasoline enters through pipeline, and pyrolyzer sends into rear system after carrying out logistics cooling the most at last.This method only optimizes oil scrubber temperature distribution, does not change quenching oil composition, little to the effect of reduction viscosity, and increases oil scrubber stage casing load, affects throughput.
Though aforesaid method partly can play the effect reducing quenching oil viscosity, the high problem of quenching oil viscosity fundamentally cannot be solved.It is reasonable not all to there is Reduce viscosity system design in current domestic a lot of ethylene unit, quenching oil viscosity is high, and quenching oil column tower top temperature is higher, bottom temperature is on the low side, and Reduce viscosity system cloud gray model is unstable, the problems such as heat recovery efficiency is low, quenched water emulsification often.Ensureing that quench oil system is made up of and operational condition the material be suitable for from technological design, will take innovative approach to irrational visbreaking technique, is the key point of guarantee system continuous and steady operation.
Summary of the invention
For solving problems of the prior art, the invention provides a kind of quenching oil extracting visbreaking system.By extracting and recovery, reduce chilling oil viscosity, decrease energy consumption.
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of quenching oil extracting visbreaking system.
Comprise:
Extraction tower and solvent recovery tower, extraction tower is provided with quenching oil opening for feed and solvent feed mouth, and extraction tower top connects in the middle part of solvent recovery tower, and solvent recuperation top of tower connects the solvent feed mouth of extraction tower;
Described extraction tower hypomere adopts macroporous plate, and extraction tower epimere adopts any tray column or packing tower structure, and macroporous plate accounts for the 20%-100% of total stage number.
Described macroporous plate is preferably dual-flow tray.
The theoretical plate number of described extraction tower is 0.1-20, is preferably 2-8.
Extraction tower middle and upper part arranges quenching oil opening for feed, and extraction tower bottom arranges solvent feed mouth.
Quenching oil from ethylene unit obtains visbreaking quenching oil through extracting with after reclaiming.
Specifically comprise the following steps:
(1) solvent extraction: quenching oil and solvent are implemented solvent extraction in extraction tower, the light constituent in quenching oil is separated in tower with heavy constituent, isolates and takes out heeltap green grass or young crops and extract oil; Extract oil is discharged from tower top, takes out the blue or green discharge at the bottom of tower of the heeltap;
(2) solvent recuperation: the extract oil obtained from step (1), by step-down and/or after heating up, is separated at solvent recovery tower and obtains solvent and visbreaking quenching oil.
Solvent adopts one or more of C2-C9 hydrocarbon, is preferably C3-C5 hydrocarbon one or more.
The charge-mass ratio of solvent and quenching oil is 0.01-20, is preferably 0.5-5.
In extraction tower, full-bodied quenching oil contacts with solvent counter current, because quenching oil viscosity is very high, is not easy to be uniformly dispersed, and quenching oil and solvent are difficult to fully contact, and mass-transfer efficiency is low, affects the visbreaking effect of quenching oil.Set up the tower such as filler or column plate inner member and can improve tower mass-transfer efficiency, if but tower inner member arranges unreasonable, and can cause the fouling in tower of full-bodied quenching oil, even block column plate.
Macropore dual-flow tray has superior " self-cleaning " function, be mainly reflected in, 1. the tower tray that dual-flow tray is formed is gas-liquid counter current, and the impact of gas-liquid is stirred and to be mixed with making the solid homogeneous in liquid and lifting rain with liquid stream is elevated, and can not produce the latch up phenomenon that sediment causes.2. the liquid on dual-flow tray tower tray only axially moves, and without gas liquid cross-flow, more without stagnant area, also there is not dead angle, therefore can not produce the alluvial blocking of solid.3. because macropore dual-flow tray screening area is comparatively large, the solids under gas shock effect in liquid is difficult to form bridge formation latch up phenomenon at sieve aperture, and its anti-blockage capability is better than existing conventional float valve, standing valve or filling-material structure.
Extracting visbreaking system of the present invention adds sieve tray in extraction tower, and weight component is better separated, strengthening visbreaking effect.This extraction tower can improve the separating power of tower effectively, alleviates chilling oil bodying tendency at the bottom of tower, reduces tower inner member fouling and blocking, thus improve visbreaking effect, extend manufacture cycle.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 system schematic of the present invention
Description of reference numerals:
1 extraction tower, 2,3 reducing valve, 4 interchanger, 5 solvent recovery towers, 6 water coolers, 7 solvent cycle compressors, 8 condensers, 9 mixing tanks.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, further illustrate the present invention.
11008mPa.s when chilling oil viscosity used is normal pressure 50 DEG C in embodiment, quenching oil mid-boiling point accounts for 33% of gross weight higher than the component of 629 DEG C.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of quenching oil extracting visbreaking system, comprising: extraction tower and solvent recovery tower, extraction tower is provided with quenching oil opening for feed and solvent feed mouth, extraction tower top connects in the middle part of solvent recovery tower, and solvent recuperation top of tower connects the solvent feed mouth of extraction tower;
Extracting stage number is 11 pieces, and theoretical plate number is 2, and column plate is the macroporous plate of percentage of open area 18% aperture φ 24mm, and quenching oil opening for feed is on the 1st block of column plate, and solvent feed mouth is under the 11st block of column plate.
Be that solvent carries out the process of solvent extraction visbreaking to quenching oil with propane.Quenching oil feeding temperature is 70 DEG C, and pressure is 5MPa, flow 10t/h.Solvent feed temperature is 70 DEG C, and pressure is 5MPa, flow 10t/h.Extraction tower temperature is 70 DEG C, and pressure is 5MPa.Extraction tower tower top isolates extract oil, isolates and take out heeltap green grass or young crops at the bottom of tower.After pitch is depressurized to 0.8MPa normal pressure desolvation mutually, as oil fuel extraction.
The extract oil that extraction tower tower top flows out is depressurized to 0.8MPa, after adjustment temperature to 70 DEG C, sends in the middle part of solvent recovery tower.Solvent recovery tower is void tower, this pressure tower 0.8MPa, and in tower, uniformity of temperature profile is 70 DEG C.Now solvent is declined to a great extent by density, and dissolving power declines, thus realizes solvent and visbreaking chilling oil separating.Obtain solvent from solvent recuperation column overhead, and be pressurized to 5MPa and recycle.Obtain visbreaking quenching oil 3616kg/h from solvent recovery tower tower reactor, during normal pressure 50 DEG C, viscosity is 6.7mPa.s.In this operating condition, the extraction tower operational cycle reaches more than 300 days.
Embodiment 2:
Ethylene unit Reduce viscosity system extracting stage number is 22 pieces, and theoretical plate number is 4, and column plate is the macroporous plate of percentage of open area 15% aperture φ 20mm, and quenching oil opening for feed is on the 1st block of column plate, and solvent feed mouth is under the 24th block of column plate.
Be that solvent carries out the process of solvent extraction visbreaking to quenching oil with normal butane.Quenching oil feeding temperature is 150 DEG C, and pressure is 5MPa, flow 10t/h.Solvent feed temperature is 150 DEG C, and pressure is 5MPa, flow 50t/h.Extraction tower temperature is 150 DEG C, and pressure is 5MPa.Extraction tower tower top isolates extract oil, isolates and take out heeltap green grass or young crops at the bottom of tower.After pitch is depressurized to 1MPa normal pressure desolvation mutually, as oil fuel extraction.
The extract oil that extraction tower tower top flows out is depressurized to 1MPa, after adjustment temperature to 150 DEG C, sends in the middle part of solvent recovery tower.Solvent recovery tower is void tower, this pressure tower 1MPa, and in tower, uniformity of temperature profile is 150 DEG C.Now solvent is declined to a great extent by density, and dissolving power declines, thus realizes solvent and visbreaking chilling oil separating.Obtain solvent from solvent recuperation column overhead, and be pressurized to 5MPa and recycle.Obtain visbreaking quenching oil 5631kg/h from solvent recovery tower tower reactor, during normal pressure 50 DEG C, viscosity is 6.5mPa.s.In this operating condition, the extraction tower operational cycle reaches more than 300 days.
Embodiment 3:
Ethylene unit Reduce viscosity system extraction tower bottom is the macroporous plate of percentage of open area 12% aperture φ 18mm, and plate number is 11 pieces, and theoretical plate number is 2; Top is 2m height wire packing, and number of theoretical plate is 8.Full tower number of theoretical plate is 10, and macroporous plate accounts for 20%, and wire packing accounts for 80%.Quenching oil opening for feed is more than wire packing, and solvent feed mouth is under the 11st block of macroporous plate column plate.
Be that solvent carries out the process of solvent extraction visbreaking to quenching oil with normal butane.Quenching oil feeding temperature is 180 DEG C, and pressure is 5MPa, flow 10t/h.Solvent feed temperature is 180 DEG C, and pressure is 5MPa, flow 50t/h.Extraction tower temperature is 180 DEG C, and pressure is 5MPa.Extraction tower tower top isolates extract oil, isolates and take out heeltap green grass or young crops at the bottom of tower.After pitch is depressurized to 1MPa normal pressure desolvation mutually, as oil fuel extraction.
The extract oil that extraction tower tower top flows out is depressurized to 1MPa, after adjustment temperature to 180 DEG C, sends in the middle part of solvent recovery tower.Solvent recovery tower is void tower, this pressure tower 1MPa, and in tower, uniformity of temperature profile is 180 DEG C.Now solvent is declined to a great extent by density, and dissolving power declines, thus realizes solvent and visbreaking chilling oil separating.Obtain solvent from solvent recuperation column overhead, and be pressurized to 5MPa and recycle.Obtain visbreaking quenching oil 7817kg/h from solvent recovery tower tower reactor, during normal pressure 50 DEG C, viscosity is 32.4mPa.s.In this operating condition, the extraction tower operational cycle reaches more than 300 days.
Comparative example 1:
Existing visbreaking tower top is cyclonic separator, and bottom is void tower.Visbreaking tower technique is for draw one quenching oil from the ethylene unit quenching oil recycle system, and its temperature is 195 DEG C, and pressure is 0.16MPa.Ethane stove splitting gas temperature is 500 DEG C, and pressure is 0.16MPa.This quenching oil and ethane stove splitting gas are mixed into visbreaking tower, and visbreaking tower pressure is 0.16MPa, and temperature is 272 DEG C, and tower top is separated and obtains visbreaking quenching oil, isolates heavy fuel oil at the bottom of tower.(viscosity is 65mm to the visbreaking quenching oil of 272 DEG C
2/ s).Existing visbreaking tower controls tower top temperature difficulty, visbreaking quenching oil and middle oil fuel inferior separating effect, heavy fuel oil viscosity high easily blocking tower reactor and transfer line.
Claims (5)
1. a quenching oil extracting visbreaking unit, is characterized in that:
Described device comprises: extraction tower and solvent recovery tower, extraction tower is provided with quenching oil opening for feed and solvent feed mouth, and extraction tower top connects in the middle part of solvent recovery tower, and solvent recuperation top of tower connects the solvent feed mouth of extraction tower;
Described extraction tower hypomere adopts macroporous plate, and extraction tower epimere adopts any tray column or packing tower structure, and macroporous plate accounts for the 20%-100% of total stage number.
2. quenching oil extracting visbreaking unit as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that:
Described macroporous plate is dual-flow tray.
3. quenching oil extracting visbreaking unit as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that:
The theoretical plate number of described extraction tower is 0.1-20.
4. quenching oil extracting visbreaking unit as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that:
The theoretical plate number of described extraction tower is 2-8.
5. the quenching oil extracting visbreaking unit as described in one of claims 1 to 3, is characterized in that:
Extraction tower middle and upper part arranges quenching oil opening for feed, and extraction tower bottom arranges solvent feed mouth.
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| CN1233644A (en) * | 1998-04-24 | 1999-11-03 | 中国石油化工总公司 | Composite process for modulation thermal conversion and solvent deasphalting |
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| CN1233644A (en) * | 1998-04-24 | 1999-11-03 | 中国石油化工总公司 | Composite process for modulation thermal conversion and solvent deasphalting |
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