CN104446800B - 一种贵长猕猴桃追肥及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种贵长猕猴桃追肥及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN104446800B CN104446800B CN201410732333.3A CN201410732333A CN104446800B CN 104446800 B CN104446800 B CN 104446800B CN 201410732333 A CN201410732333 A CN 201410732333A CN 104446800 B CN104446800 B CN 104446800B
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- 235000009436 Actinidia deliciosa Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 235000009434 Actinidia chinensis Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 235000021028 berry Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 244000298715 Actinidia chinensis Species 0.000 title claims abstract 9
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphosphorus decaoxide Chemical compound O1P(O2)(=O)OP3(=O)OP1(=O)OP2(=O)O3 DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- KMQAPZBMEMMKSS-UHFFFAOYSA-K calcium;magnesium;phosphate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O KMQAPZBMEMMKSS-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000005083 Zinc sulfide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- FZQSLXQPHPOTHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N [K+].[K+].O1B([O-])OB2OB([O-])OB1O2 Chemical compound [K+].[K+].O1B([O-])OB2OB([O-])OB1O2 FZQSLXQPHPOTHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- MXZRMHIULZDAKC-UHFFFAOYSA-L ammonium magnesium phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[Mg+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O MXZRMHIULZDAKC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- BVTBRVFYZUCAKH-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium selenite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Se]([O-])=O BVTBRVFYZUCAKH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
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- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- NVIFVTYDZMXWGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium metaborate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]B=O NVIFVTYDZMXWGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 235000015921 sodium selenite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960001471 sodium selenite Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- WUUHFRRPHJEEKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripotassium borate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] WUUHFRRPHJEEKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Zn+2] DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H iron(3+) sulfate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[Fe+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000360 iron(III) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- BMQVDVJKPMGHDO-UHFFFAOYSA-K magnesium;potassium;chloride;sulfate;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.[Mg+2].[Cl-].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BMQVDVJKPMGHDO-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims 1
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
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- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 244000298697 Actinidia deliciosa Species 0.000 description 54
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- 244000144730 Amygdalus persica Species 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000282553 Macaca Species 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RDXARWSSOJYNLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [P].[K] Chemical compound [P].[K] RDXARWSSOJYNLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229930003268 Vitamin C Natural products 0.000 description 1
- DHKHZGZAXCWQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[K] Chemical compound [N].[K] DHKHZGZAXCWQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- UQGFMSUEHSUPRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N disodium;3,7-dioxido-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3,5,7-tetraborabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].O1B([O-])OB2OB([O-])OB1O2 UQGFMSUEHSUPRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- 235000015203 fruit juice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002515 guano Substances 0.000 description 1
- SEOVTRFCIGRIMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indole-3-acetic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CC(=O)O)=CNC2=C1 SEOVTRFCIGRIMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- SBIBMFFZSBJNJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N selenium;zinc Chemical compound [Se]=[Zn] SBIBMFFZSBJNJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 235000019154 vitamin C Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 208000016261 weight loss Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H zinc phosphate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229910000165 zinc phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
- C05D1/02—Manufacture from potassium chloride or sulfate or double or mixed salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种贵长猕猴桃追肥及其制备方法,该追肥由质量百分比的有机肥53.65~74.75%、氮肥8~12%、磷肥6~12%、钾肥10~16%、硼肥0.25~1.0%、钙肥0.5~0.25%、镁肥0.25~1.0%、铁肥0.05~0.2%、锌肥0.1~0.6%和硒肥0.1~0.6%组成。制备时称取各组份粉碎过筛后充分混合;将得到的混合物过筛制成粉末并筛分烘干,最后包装即可。本发明结合贵长猕猴桃需肥规律和贵长猕猴桃对微量元素需求适当添加微量元素,可提高贵长猕猴桃经济效益、营养品质、风味品质和贮藏品质,增加有益元素积累和降低重金属元素在果实中的积累。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及猕猴桃栽培技术领域,具体涉及一种贵长猕猴桃追肥及其制备方法。
背景技术
猕猴桃,也称狐狸桃、猕猴梨、藤梨、羊桃、木子、毛木果,奇异果、麻藤果等,广泛分布于中国南方山岭之间。猕猴桃为雌雄异株的大型落叶木质藤本植物。雄株多毛叶小,雄株花也较早出现于雌花;雌株少毛或无毛,花叶均大于雄株。花期为5—6月,果熟期为8—10月。其中,贵长猕猴桃是一种常见的猕猴桃品种,其主要产自贵州省修文县地区,在西南地区其它省份也有一定分布。贵长猕猴桃果体长圆柱形,果肉呈翠绿色,具有果肉细嫩,肉质多浆,果汁丰富,清甜爽口,酸甜适中的独特品质,深为广大消费者所青睐,显示出很好的经济效益。
然而,不同果园的贵长猕猴桃栽培管理不一致,导致目前贵长猕猴桃的单位面积产量、产值不高和丰欠高低悬殊等现象,使得贵长猕猴桃难以形成规模化标准化的栽培,究其原因,猕猴桃的基肥和追肥的施用对猕猴桃的产量等影响很大。
猕猴桃一年有三个需肥高峰期,一是秋季采摘后到休眠期,这个时期猕猴桃地上部分处于休眠状态,植株养分开始向地下部分转移,根系开始吸收养分供第二年开花结果,这个时期需肥量大概占全年养分60~70%,主要以氮主,吸收部分磷钾。二是春季萌芽期,大概占全年养分20%,主要以氮钾为主,吸收部分磷肥。三是果实膨大期,大概占全年养分20%,主要以磷钾为主。经调查,目前很多种植贵长猕猴桃的果园土壤碱解氮营养含量虽然适宜,但果园土壤普遍缺磷和钾,而果农在栽培猕猴桃中因为没有适宜的贵长品种猕猴桃栽培专用追肥而盲目施用不适宜的肥料,更容易破坏果园土壤的环境,造成猕猴桃低产、低质、土壤面源污染等问题。因此,专门研制一种用于贵长猕猴桃栽培的追肥是十分有必要的。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了克服现有技术的不足,提供一种用于猕猴桃栽培的追肥及其制备方法,以改善猕猴桃栽培土壤环境,提高猕猴桃产量。
本发明的技术方案是这样的:一种猕猴桃追肥,它由以下质量百分比的组份组成:有机肥53.65~74.75%、氮肥8~12%、磷肥6~12%、钾肥10~16%、硼肥0.25~1.0%、钙肥0.5~0.25%、镁肥0.25~1.0%、铁肥0.05~0.2%、锌肥0.1~0.6%和硒肥0.1~0.6%。
优选的,该猕猴桃追肥,它由以下质量百分比的组份组成:有机肥64.7%、氮肥10%、磷肥8%、钾肥14%、硼肥0.5%、钙肥1.5%、镁肥0.5%、铁肥0.1%、锌肥0.3%和硒肥0.4%。
在前述的猕猴桃追肥的各组份中:
有机肥是以畜禽排泄物为基础原料,加入农作物秸秆、油粕、泥炭土、酒糟、药渣并经腐熟发酵而成的。优选的,有机肥是将畜禽排泄物、农作物秸秆、油粕、泥炭土、酒糟、药渣按质量比为5:2:1:1:0.5:0.5均匀混合,并将水分保持在45~55%,pH 为6.0~6.8,加入质量百分比为2~3%的EM发酵菌剂,腐熟10~12天后加工制成。
有机肥加工制成后加入0.1~0.3%有效活性菌,该有效活性菌代谢产物富含生长素、吲哚乙酸、细胞分裂素等植物生长素,有效活性菌数≥2.0亿个/g,选择市场中常用的微生物菌剂即可。
另外,本发明所用的氮肥是指铵态氮肥、硝态氮肥或酰胺态氮肥中的一种或两种以上的组合;磷肥是指五氧化二磷、天然磷肥(海鸟粪、兽骨粉和鱼骨粉等)或化学磷肥(过磷酸钙、钙镁磷肥等)中的一种或两种以上的组合;钾肥是指氯化钾、硫酸钾、草木灰、钾泻盐中的一种或两种以上的组合;硼肥是指硼酸、硼砂、偏硼酸钠、四硼酸钾或聚硼酸钾中的一种或两种以上的组合;钙肥是指生石灰、熟石灰、石灰石粉或钙镁磷肥中的一种或两种以上的组合;镁肥是指硫酸镁、氯化镁、钾镁肥、磷酸镁铵或钙镁磷肥中的一种或两种以上的组合;铁肥是指硫酸亚铁;锌肥是指硫酸锌、磷酸锌、硫化锌中的一种或两种以上的组合;硒肥是指亚硒酸钠。
本发明的猕猴桃追肥的制备方法包括如下步骤:
1)原料称量:按质量百分比比例称取有机肥、氮肥、磷肥、钾肥、硼肥、钙肥、镁肥、铁肥、锌肥和硒肥;
2)混合:将称取的追肥成分物质粉碎过筛后充分混合;
3)筛分:将步骤2)得到的混合物过筛径为小于或等于3mm的筛,制成肥料粉末;
4)烘干:将筛分好的肥料粉末烘干,含水量保持在小于或等于12%;
5)包装:用防潮肥料专用袋进行包装。
在果园使用时,果园使用时,于每年3月中旬施追肥一次,占肥料总量的40%,猕猴桃每株每年施本发明的贵长猕猴桃追肥1~2Kg。果园使用时,施用方法可采用穴施、环状沟施、放射状沟施、两侧沟施(每年轮换东西或南北)等中的一种或几种相结合。果园土壤类型为黄红壤、黄棕壤、黄壤、暗棕壤、黑壤、石灰土、水稻土等的猕猴桃果园中适用于本发明的贵长猕猴桃追肥。
本发明结合贵长猕猴桃需肥规律和贵长猕猴桃对微量元素需求适当添加微量元素,可极大提高贵长猕猴桃经济效益、营养品质、风味品质和贮藏品质,还可增加有益元素积累和降低重金属元素在果实中的积累。本发明同现有技术相比具有明显有益效果,经济效益、社会效益、生态效益良好,能明显改善猕猴桃品质、延长猕猴桃贮藏时间、增加果农经济收入、提高对人体有益的微量元素锌硒含量、降低对人体有害的重金属镉铅在猕猴桃果实中的积累,对猕猴桃产业发展具有良好有益效果。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步的详细说明。
实施例1:
贵长猕猴桃追肥制备:
原料称量:按质量配比称取有机肥(畜禽排泄物:农作物秸秆:油粕:泥炭土:酒糟:药渣=5:2:1:1:0.5:0.5)647Kg、氮肥100Kg、磷肥(P2O5)80Kg、钾肥(KCl:K2SO4=1:1)140Kg、硼肥(Na2B4O7·10H2O)5Kg、钙肥(CaCl2)15Kg、镁肥(MgSO4)5Kg、铁肥(FeSO4)1Kg、锌肥(ZnSO4)3Kg和硒肥(Na2SeO4)4Kg;将所称成分物质粉碎过筛后充分混合;将混合物过筛径为≤3mm的筛,制成肥料粉末后烘干,控制含水量≤12%。,最后用防潮肥料专用袋进行包装。
追肥使用:果园土壤类型为暗棕壤,使用时,每年3月中旬每株猕猴桃施本发明的猕猴桃追肥一次1~2Kg,占该株猕猴桃所施肥料总量的40%,施用方法为环状沟施。
技术效果:
如表1~表4所示,与不施肥比较,本发明的贵长猕猴桃追肥使用后能显著提高猕猴桃产量,亩产达2026.78Kg、产值达2.84万元、肥料成本仅为0.04万元/亩、纯收益比对照增加0.79万元/亩;提高猕猴桃14.90%的维生素C含量、51.24%的可溶性总糖含量、59.77%的可溶性固形物含量、降低10.80%的可滴定酸含量、糖酸比高4.29,并能明显提高平均单果重和改善果形指数;使猕猴桃失重率降低26.53%、延长贮藏时间26天;还能增加猕猴桃锌含量59.39 ug·kg-1、增加猕猴桃硒含量28.90 ug·kg-1、降低18.53%的重金属镉在猕猴桃果实中积累、降低26.22%的重金属铅在猕猴桃果实中积累。与普通追肥相比,本发明的贵长猕猴桃追肥提高猕猴桃产量17.67%、纯收益比普通追肥增加0.44万元/亩;各项品质、贮藏性能以及锌硒含量和镉铅积累量指标含量表现良好,肥料效果优于普通追肥。
从该实施例可见,本发明的这种贵长猕猴桃追肥在田间应用效果显著,能显著提高猕猴桃产量、改善猕猴桃品质、延长猕猴桃贮藏期、提高对人体有益的微量元素锌硒含量、降低对人体有害的重金属元素镉铅在猕猴桃果实中的积累。
当然,以上只是本发明的具体应用范例,本发明还有其他的实施方式,任何未脱离本发明技术方案内容,依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与修饰,均仍属于本发明技术方案的范围内。
Claims (4)
1.一种贵长猕猴桃追肥,其特征在于:它由以下质量百分比的组份组成:有机肥53.65~74.75%、氮肥8~12%、磷肥6~12%、钾肥10~16%、硼肥0.25~1.0%、钙肥0.5~0.25%、镁肥0.25~1.0%、铁肥0.05~0.2%、锌肥0.1~0.6%和硒肥0.1~0.6%;有机肥是将畜禽排泄物、农作物秸秆、油粕、泥炭土、酒糟、药渣按质量比为5:2:1:1:0.5:0.5均匀混合,并将水分保持在45~55%,pH 为6.0~6.8,加入质量百分比为2~3%的EM发酵菌剂,腐熟10~12天后加工制成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的贵长猕猴桃追肥,其特征在于:所述有机肥加工制成后加入0.1~0.3%有效活性菌。
3.根据权利要求1所述的贵长猕猴桃追肥,其特征在于:所述氮肥是指铵态氮肥、硝态氮肥或酰胺态氮肥中的一种或两种以上的组合;所述磷肥是指五氧化二磷、天然磷肥或化学磷肥中的一种或两种以上的组合;所述钾肥是指氯化钾、硫酸钾、草木灰、钾泻盐中的一种或两种以上的组合;所述硼肥是指硼酸、硼砂、偏硼酸钠、四硼酸钾和聚硼酸钾中的一种或两种以上的组合;所述钙肥是指生石灰、熟石灰、石灰石粉和钙镁磷肥中的一种或两种以上的组合;所述镁肥是指硫酸镁、氯化镁、钾镁肥、磷酸镁铵和钙镁磷肥中的一种或两种以上的组合;所述铁肥是指硫酸亚铁或硫酸铁或者二者的组合;所述锌肥是指硫酸锌、磷酸锌、硫化锌中的一种或两种以上的组合;所述硒肥是指亚硒酸钠。
4.一种如上述任意一项权利要求所述的贵长猕猴桃追肥的制备方法,其特征在于该方法包括如下步骤:
1)原料称量:按质量百分比比例称取有机肥、氮肥、磷肥、钾肥、硼肥、钙肥、镁肥、铁肥、锌肥和硒肥;
2)混合:将称取的追肥成分物质粉碎过筛后充分混合;
3)筛分:将步骤2)得到的混合物过筛径为小于或等于3mm的筛,制成肥料粉末;
4)烘干:将筛分好的肥料粉末烘干,含水量保持在小于或等于12%;
5)包装:用防潮肥料专用袋进行包装。
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