CN104446358B - A kind of barium slag vitrified brick and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of barium slag vitrified brick and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104446358B CN104446358B CN201410634698.2A CN201410634698A CN104446358B CN 104446358 B CN104446358 B CN 104446358B CN 201410634698 A CN201410634698 A CN 201410634698A CN 104446358 B CN104446358 B CN 104446358B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
Abstract
The present invention relates to barium slag for comprehensive and utilize technical field, especially a kind of barium slag vitrified brick and preparation method thereof, in preparation technology, first comminution pretreatment is carried out to each raw material, make barium slag, coal gangue, shale becomes≤powder of 2mm after, again its solidifying agent is added then to add water and be uniformly mixed, ageing, barium slag can be made in this process, coal gangue, the chemical reaction of microcosmic is there is in the various material compositions in shale when contacting, for the performance of the barium slag vitrified brick prepared further lays certain basis, and adding of solidifying agent, the barium in barium slag is made to be stablized and solidify under the effect of solidifying agent and sintering temperature, avoid the barium in barium slag in the life-time service process of brick, can leach and the phenomenon of contaminate environment occurs, moreover using solid waste barium slag, coal gangue, shale and the solidifying agent raw material as preparation barium slag brick, expand the source of building materials raw material, reduce the preparation cost of building material brick.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to barium slag for comprehensive and utilize technical field, especially a kind of barium slag vitrified brick and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Barium slag is the residual solid after barium salt is produced, and belongs to industrial residue.Barium belongs to heavy metal field, and according to the production technique of barium salt and learn barium slag Data Detection, the barium in barium slag has exceeded 1.7 ~ 4.4 times of limit in GB5085.1 ~ 5085.3 " Hazardous wastes judging standard ", belongs to the danger wastes of heavy metals exceeding standard.Due to barium slag can utilization ratio be lower or utilize cost larger once again once again, for this reason, in prior art, for the process of barium slag, what take is store up processing mode, this not only pollutes soil and pollutes environment, and barium in barium slag is in long-term storing up, due to rainwash, and then penetrate in underground water, and then serious pollution is caused to underground water, and then cause the direct toxic action to organism, for this reason, be badly in need of to find a kind of feasible research approach to the rational comprehensive utilization of barium slag.
At present, brick has become one of comparatively general material of building materials field, and since input for waste ' s reclamation project, technology waste being used for building material brick making field is innumerable, utilize about barium slag at present, mainly barium salt extraction and utilize barium slag to do furring tile etc., extraction and application barium slag being used as barium salt is not extensive, throw away and there is certain technical problem, and barium slag is used for produce furring tile, and reckon without barium in barium slag and to exceed standard excessive toxic properties, as furring tile in life-time service process, barium can be immersed in underground water along with rainwater, thus jeopardized the health of people.Cause secondary pollution, do not reach the application once again to barium slag waste, bring pollution to environment.
In addition, also have and take the barium by barium slag to pass through chemical reaction, after being removed barium element after forming barium sulfate precipitate with vitriol or sulfate radical, its waste residue is being used for the production of other products, after finally wherein each kind of element extraction is comparatively clean, adopt remaining waste gas slag for building field again, and this application will make to need to add wherein a large amount of cement or other tougheners and solidifying agent, and then make the intensity of the brick made and anti-freezing property all can meet the intensity of brick and the demand of hardness, but this method makes the cost of manufacture of brick larger, higher to the comprehensive utilization cost of barium slag waste, simultaneously, in the process that barium is extracted, the insoluble barium salt of waste residue is difficult to extract, and then the barium constituent content in wayward waste residue, the barium content in the brick prepared is made to be difficult to control, and can not be cured barium wherein and stabilization treatment, make the secondary pollution of barium more serious, and then it is serious to cause environmental pollution.
For this reason, this researchist is by long-term Exploration & stu dy, and considering under the prerequisite that barium Slag treatment capacity is larger, then carrying out stabilization and solidification treatment to barium slag, the comprehensive utilization for barium slag provides a kind of selection newly.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem existed in prior art, the invention provides a kind of barium slag vitrified brick, wherein the content of barium slag reaches 30-40%, and the leaching yield of the barium content in the barium slag brick made is lower, comply with the national standard requirements, its intensity be high, the more excellent feature of freezing and thawing performance.
Another object of the present invention is the preparation method additionally providing a kind of barium slag vitrified brick, barium element in barium slag can be carried out comprehensive comprehensively utilization by the method, and then enhance intensity and the freezing and thawing performance of brick, and by the barium elemental stable in barium slag and be solidificated in wherein, make the leaching yield of barium all lower, reduce the leaching yield of barium element in long-term use procedure in barium slag brick, reduce the pollution of heavy metal barium to environment, improve the comprehensive utilization ratio of barium slag raw material at building materials field simultaneously, reduce environment and store up the pollution rate brought to environment, there is significant economic benefit and the value of environmental protection.
Particularly: by barium slag, solidifying agent, shale, coal gangue according to weight be barium slag 30-40 part, after solidifying agent 10-15 part, shale 40-50 part, coal gangue 5-10 part raw material mix, ripening 1-2d, extrusion moulding, be placed in kiln again and carry out drying treatment, kiln temperature is adopted to be after 50-200 DEG C of vapor cure 24-72h, being placed on temperature is again after firing 48-64h at 900-1100 DEG C, obtains barium slag vitrified brick.
Preferably that barium slag 30 parts, 15 parts, solidifying agent, 45 parts, shale, coal gangue 10 parts are carried out after preparation mixes with parts by weight, then carry out ripening 1-2d, then extrusion moulding.
Preferably that barium slag 35 parts, 13 parts, solidifying agent, 45 parts, shale, coal gangue 7 parts are carried out after preparation mixes with parts by weight, then carry out ripening 1-2d again, then extrusion moulding.
Preferably that barium slag 33 parts, 14 parts, solidifying agent, 45 parts, shale, coal gangue 8 parts are carried out after preparation mixes with parts by weight, then carry out ripening 1-2d again, then extrusion moulding.
The solidifying agent adopted in the present invention is wilkinite, and also can adopt has the material of identical solidification to replace with wilkinite simultaneously.
Adopt in the present invention bentonitic be the wilkinite of montmorillonite containing higher composition, when the material used and wilkinite has an identical or similar solidification replaces, wherein also should add and have montmorillonite.
The content of montmorillonite in wilkinite is more than 70% in the present invention.
The shale that the shale plasticity-adopted in the present invention is higher.
The coal gangue adopted in the present invention is the coal gangue of clay component containing certain ingredients and incendivity composition; In coal gangue, the weight ratio of incendivity composition and clay component is (3-7): (1-5).Concrete incendivity composition accounts for the 20-40% of the total content of coal gangue, and clay component accounts for the 30-40% of the total content of coal gangue.
The present invention is in preparation process, first by barium slag, shale, coal gangue carries out comminution pretreatment, barium slag and coal gangue adopt jaw crusher to carry out fragmentation, quarrying shale roll crusher carries out fragmentation, crushed particles granularity≤2mm, and to be crossed screen-aperture be after the sieve of 2mm, get sieve end raw material, biaxial rneader is placed in successively according to proportioning, and add solidifying agent wilkinite, add the 70-80% needing water inventory, carry out stirring and evenly mixing, stirring velocity is 25-30r/min, after being uniformly mixed, put into ageing storehouse and carry out ageing, two crowded vacuum-extruder is adopted by raw material after ageing 1-2d to carry out extrusion moulding, barium slag brick base after shaping is placed in kiln and carries out drying treatment, room temp 50-200 DEG C, time of drying 24-72h, dried barium slag brick work in-process are placed in and fire kiln, adopt temperature to be 900-1100 DEG C and fire 48-64h, obtain finished product barium slag vitrified brick.
Compared with prior art, the present invention by the application of barium slag and building materials manufacture technology field by above-mentioned technical scheme, is brought following unexpected technique effect to prior art, has significant economic benefit and the value of environmental protection, particular embodiment:
The present invention is by barium slag, solidifying agent, shale, the adding of coal gangue, and then make the brick made unnecessaryly add cement, namely can obtain that intensity is higher, freezing and thawing performance preferably barium slag vitrified brick, and can hold the barium quantity of slag is 30-40%, and then make use of trade waste to greatest extent to carry out the preparation of material of construction, reduce the cost of barium slag waste comprehensive treating process, reduce the pollution condition of barium slag to environment, reduce the cost of manufacture of material of construction brick, improve economic benefit.
Again by the preparation technology of barium slag vitrified brick, the addition sequence of various raw material and adding is controlled opportunity, and control adding fashionable physicochemical environment, and then make the heavy metal substances such as the barium in the barium slag vitrified brick made stabilized, solidification, and then reduce the leaching yield of barium, the intensity of the barium slag brick made and freezing and thawing performance are all improved, it also avoid in the life-time service of brick simultaneously, barium element in brick is leached, and then infiltrate through in underground water, poison the technical problem of the mankind, and by maximized for barium slag application and building material field, improve the comprehensive utilization value of barium slag.
In preparation technology, first comminution pretreatment is carried out to each raw material, make barium slag, coal gangue, the grain graininess of shale reaches≤2mm, mix again, and then make barium slag, coal gangue, the physical-chemical reaction of microcosmic is there is in the various material compositions in shale when contacting, and then improve the intensity of barium slag brick and the freezing and thawing performance of preparation, and adding of solidifying agent continuous after bonding, the barium element in barium slag is made to obtain stabilization, solidification, and then avoid the barium in barium slag in the life-time service process of brick, can leach and the phenomenon of contaminate environment occurs, moreover using solid waste barium slag, coal gangue, shale and the solidifying agent raw material as preparation barium slag brick, expand the source of building materials raw material, reduce the preparation cost of building material brick.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with concrete embodiment, further restriction is done to technical scheme of the present invention, but claimed scope is not only confined to done description.
Embodiment 1
A kind of barium slag vitrified brick, its material composition is barium slag 30kg, solidifying agent 15kg, shale 45kg, coal gangue 10kg.
The preparation method of this barium slag vitrified brick, comprises the following steps:
(1) raw materials pretreatment: first barium slag, shale, coal gangue are carried out comminution pretreatment, barium slag and coal gangue adopt jaw crusher to carry out fragmentation, quarrying shale roll crusher carries out fragmentation, crushed particles granularity≤2mm, and to be crossed screen-aperture be after the sieve of 2mm, get sieve end raw material, stand-by;
(2) raw material mixing: get step 1) through fragmentation, sieve barium slag, shale, coal gangue after processing, be placed in biaxial rneader successively, and add solidifying agent wilkinite, add and need 70% of water inventory, carry out stirring and evenly mixing, stirring velocity is 25r/min, after being uniformly mixed, put into ageing storehouse and carry out ageing, ageing 1d, stand-by;
(3) extrusion moulding: by step 2) adopt two crowded vacuum-extruder to carry out extrusion moulding the raw material after ripening, vacuum tightness is 0.02-0.08MPa.
(4) pre-treatment: by step 3) the barium slag brick base that obtains is placed in kiln and carries out drying treatment, room temp 50 DEG C, time of drying 24h.
(5) stage is fired: by step 4) the barium slag brick work in-process that obtain are placed in and fire kiln, adopt temperature to be 900 DEG C and fire 48h, obtain finished product barium slag vitrified brick.
Described solidifying agent is wilkinite, and containing montmorillonite in wilkinite;
The content of montmorillonite is 70%;
Embodiment 2
On the basis of embodiment 1, other steps are all with embodiment 1, and a kind of barium slag vitrified brick, its material composition is barium slag 35kg, solidifying agent 13kg, shale 45kg, coal gangue 7kg.
The preparation method of this barium slag vitrified brick, comprises the following steps:
(1) raw materials pretreatment: first barium slag, shale, coal gangue are carried out comminution pretreatment, barium slag and coal gangue adopt jaw crusher to carry out fragmentation, quarrying shale roll crusher carries out fragmentation, crushed particles granularity≤2mm, and to be crossed screen-aperture be after the sieve of 2mm, get sieve end raw material, stand-by;
(2) raw material mixing: get step 1) through fragmentation, sieve barium slag, shale, coal gangue after processing, be placed in biaxial rneader successively, and add solidifying agent wilkinite, add and need 80% of water inventory, carry out stirring and evenly mixing, stirring velocity is 30r/min, after being uniformly mixed, put into ageing storehouse and carry out ageing, ageing 2d, stand-by;
(3) extrusion moulding: by step 2) adopt two crowded vacuum-extruder to carry out extrusion moulding the raw material after ripening, vacuum tightness is 0.02-0.08MPa.
(4) pre-treatment: by step 3) the barium slag brick base that obtains is placed in kiln and carries out drying treatment, room temp 200 DEG C, time of drying 72h.
(5) stage is fired: by step 4) the barium slag brick work in-process that obtain are placed in and fire kiln, adopt temperature to be 1100 DEG C and fire 64h, obtain finished product barium slag vitrified brick.
Described solidifying agent is wilkinite, and containing montmorillonite in wilkinite;
The content of montmorillonite is 73%.
Embodiment 3
On the basis of embodiment 1, other steps are all with embodiment 1, and a kind of barium slag vitrified brick, its material composition is barium slag 33kg, solidifying agent 14kg, shale 45kg, coal gangue 8kg.
The preparation method of this barium slag vitrified brick, comprises the following steps:
(1) raw materials pretreatment: first barium slag, shale, coal gangue are carried out comminution pretreatment, barium slag and coal gangue adopt jaw crusher to carry out fragmentation, quarrying shale roll crusher carries out fragmentation, crushed particles granularity≤2mm, and to be crossed screen-aperture be after the sieve of 2mm, get sieve end raw material, stand-by;
(2) raw material mixing: get step 1) through fragmentation, sieve barium slag, shale, coal gangue after processing, be placed in biaxial rneader successively, and add solidifying agent wilkinite, add and need 75% of water inventory, carry out stirring and evenly mixing, stirring velocity is 28r/min, after being uniformly mixed, put into ageing storehouse and carry out ageing, ageing 1.5d, stand-by;
(3) extrusion moulding: by step 2) adopt two crowded vacuum-extruder to carry out extrusion moulding the raw material after ripening, vacuum tightness is 0.02-0.08MPa.
(4) pre-treatment: by step 3) the barium slag brick base that obtains is placed in kiln and carries out drying treatment, room temp 150 DEG C, time of drying 48h.
(5) stage is fired: by step 4) the barium slag brick work in-process that obtain are placed in and fire kiln, adopt temperature to be 1000 DEG C and fire 60h, obtain finished product barium slag vitrified brick.
Described solidifying agent is wilkinite, and containing montmorillonite in wilkinite;
The content of montmorillonite is 75%.
Embodiment 4
A kind of barium slag vitrified brick, its material composition is barium slag 38kg, solidifying agent 10kg, shale 42kg, coal gangue 10kg.
The preparation method of this barium slag vitrified brick, comprises the following steps:
(1) raw materials pretreatment: first barium slag, shale, coal gangue are carried out comminution pretreatment, barium slag and coal gangue adopt jaw crusher to carry out fragmentation, quarrying shale roll crusher carries out fragmentation, crushed particles granularity≤2mm, and to be crossed screen-aperture be after the sieve of 2mm, get sieve end raw material, stand-by;
(2) raw material mixing: get step 1) through fragmentation, sieve barium slag, shale, coal gangue after processing, be placed in biaxial rneader successively, and add solidifying agent wilkinite, add and need 73% of water inventory, carry out stirring and evenly mixing, stirring velocity is 27r/min, after being uniformly mixed, put into ageing storehouse and carry out ageing, ageing 1.3d, stand-by;
(3) extrusion moulding: by step 2) adopt two crowded vacuum-extruder to carry out extrusion moulding the raw material after ripening.
(4) pre-treatment: by step 3) the barium slag brick base that obtains is placed in kiln and carries out drying treatment, room temp 100 DEG C, time of drying 60h.
(5) stage is fired: by step 4) the barium slag brick work in-process that obtain are placed in and fire kiln, adopt temperature to be 950 DEG C and fire 63h, obtain finished product barium slag vitrified brick.
Described solidifying agent is wilkinite, and containing montmorillonite in wilkinite;
The content of montmorillonite is 78%.
Embodiment 5
A kind of barium slag vitrified brick, its material composition is barium slag 36kg, solidifying agent 15kg, shale 40kg, coal gangue 9kg.
The preparation method of this barium slag vitrified brick, comprises the following steps:
(1) raw materials pretreatment: first barium slag, shale, coal gangue are carried out comminution pretreatment, barium slag and coal gangue adopt jaw crusher to carry out fragmentation, quarrying shale roll crusher carries out fragmentation, crushed particles granularity≤2mm, and to be crossed screen-aperture be after the sieve of 2mm, get sieve end raw material, stand-by;
(2) raw material mixing: get step 1) through fragmentation, sieve barium slag, shale, coal gangue after processing, be placed in biaxial rneader successively, and add solidifying agent wilkinite, add and need 78% of water inventory, carry out stirring and evenly mixing, stirring velocity is 29r/min, after being uniformly mixed, put into ageing storehouse and carry out ageing, ageing 1.9d, stand-by;
(3) extrusion moulding: by step 2) adopt two crowded vacuum-extruder to carry out extrusion moulding the raw material after ripening.
(4) pre-treatment: by step 3) the barium slag brick base that obtains is placed in kiln and carries out drying treatment, room temp 80 DEG C, time of drying 36h.
(5) stage is fired: by step 4) the barium slag brick work in-process that obtain are placed in and fire kiln, adopt temperature to be 1050 DEG C and fire 50h, obtain finished product barium slag vitrified brick.
Described solidifying agent is wilkinite, and containing montmorillonite in wilkinite;
The content of montmorillonite is more than 70%.
The present invention studies through lot of experiments formula, and according to GB GB5085.3-2007 " Hazardous wastes judging standard leaching characteristic identification ", to according to above embodiment 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3, embodiment 4, the preparation method of embodiment 5 and composition of raw materials prepare barium slag brick and carry out leaching toxicity test, its result is optimized more than national standard standard, in barium slag brick, the leaching yield of barium is 0.2-0.3 times that GB GB5085.3-2007 " Hazardous wastes judging standard leaching characteristic identification " specifies, compare barium slag original leaching barium content, its toxicity is when meeting Standard, more be better than GB, and the barium constituent content easily leached with major part in stabilization barium slag can be fixed, reduce the risk of toxicity degree making barium slag brick with barium slag, simultaneously, by the control of processing parameter, the intensity of the barium slag brick obtained and freeze-thaw resistance performance also meet the requirement of standard GB/T 5101-2003 " fired common brick ".
It is important to point out at this; above embodiment and test example are only limitted to be further elaborated technical scheme of the present invention and illustrate; to contribute to the understanding of those skilled in the art to the technical scheme of present specification; for this reason; the essential characteristics of the non-protruding that those skilled in the art make on this basis and the improvement of non-significant progress, all belong to protection category of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a barium slag vitrified brick, is characterized in that, its material composition take parts by weight as barium slag 30-40 part, solidifying agent 10-15 part, shale 40-50 part, coal gangue 5-10 part; Described solidifying agent is wilkinite, and containing montmorillonite in wilkinite, the content of montmorillonite is more than 70%.
2. barium slag vitrified brick as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described material composition take parts by weight as barium slag 30 parts, 15 parts, solidifying agent, 45 parts, shale, coal gangue 10 parts.
3. barium slag vitrified brick as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described material composition take parts by weight as barium slag 35 parts, 13 parts, solidifying agent, 45 parts, shale, coal gangue 7 parts.
4. barium slag vitrified brick as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described material composition take parts by weight as barium slag 33 parts, 14 parts, solidifying agent, 45 parts, shale, coal gangue 8 parts.
5. the preparation method of the barium slag vitrified brick as described in any one of claim 1-4, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) raw materials pretreatment: first barium slag, shale, coal gangue are carried out comminution pretreatment, barium slag and coal gangue adopt jaw crusher to carry out fragmentation, quarrying shale roll crusher carries out fragmentation, crushed particles granularity≤2mm, and to be crossed screen-aperture be after the sieve of 2mm, get sieve end raw material, stand-by;
(2) raw material mixing: get barium slag, shale, the coal gangue of step (1) after fragmentation, process of sieving, be placed in biaxial rneader successively, and add solidifying agent wilkinite, add the 70-80% needing water inventory, carry out stirring and evenly mixing, stirring velocity is 25-30r/min, after being uniformly mixed, put into ageing storehouse and carry out ageing, ageing 1-2d, stand-by;
(3) extrusion moulding: step (2) adopted by the raw material after ripening two crowded vacuum-extruder to carry out extrusion moulding;
(4) pre-treatment: barium slag brick base step (3) obtained is placed in kiln and carries out drying treatment, room temp 50-200 DEG C, time of drying 24-72h;
(5) fire the stage: barium slag brick work in-process step (4) obtained are placed in fires kiln, adopt temperature to be 900-1100 DEG C and fire 48-64h, obtain finished product barium slag vitrified brick.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN106277924A (en) * | 2016-08-11 | 2017-01-04 | 王法军 | A kind of is the method for artificial stone by barite waste residue low-temperature sintering |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108530036A (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2018-09-14 | 贵州永合益环保科技有限公司 | A kind of technique preparing environmental protection brick using phosphorite tailings |
| CN110590333A (en) * | 2019-10-09 | 2019-12-20 | 凯里学院 | Method for improving structure and performance of barium slag ceramic tile |
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| CN101012117A (en) * | 2006-12-08 | 2007-08-08 | 浙江省常山中能新型建材有限公司 | Energy-saving wall material prepared by shale and waste slag, and preparing method thereof |
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