A kind of for administering filler and the preparation method of karst ground subsidence
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind ofly for administering filler and the preparation method of karst ground subsidence, belong to groundMatter hazard management field of engineering technology.
Background technology
Oneself is quite serious for the geological hazards that China is caused by karst ground subsidence at present. The whole nation is annual to be sent outThousands of of raw karst ground subsidence geological disasters, cause economic loss to reach billions of units. Wherein impact is tightHeavy area is mainly distributed in the ground such as Guangxi, Yunnan, Guizhou. The generation of karst ground subsidence geological disasterNot only cause the infringement of the structures such as building, road, affect the normal production and operation, but also threatenTo personnel's life, harm ecological environment, cause huge economic loss.
Traditional karst ground subsidence geological hazard control method conventionally adopt change fill out, grouting, concussion burst,Cross over etc., its principle is mainly the distributive law by reducing solution cavity, or the stability of enhancing solution cavity is held itThe power of carrying effectively improves, thereby alleviates its harm. Administer karst ground subsidence ground in application integrated control systemWhen matter disaster, the size of solution cavity scale is the key that improvement technology is chosen, and the thickness size of clay distribution is rightVery high in the requirement of control measures, as the diameter of solution cavity is less than 5m, is less than 3m apart from the degree of depth of soil layerTime, under the effect of soil arching effect, stress can meet the soil body from steady requirement. Processing method generally adoptsSlip casting method, adopts cement mortar mixture to carry out filling, supports upper soil horizon weight, prevents that it is on groundUnder the corrosion of lower water, continue slump, expand the scope of solution cavity. When the diameter of solution cavity be greater than 5m, apart from soil layerThe degree of depth is greater than 3m, and the active force of soil arching effect can not meet the soil body in the time of steady requirement, generally adoptsThe methods such as concussion burst, pile foundation, leap are administered.
Cementing material has vital effect in the consolidated fill of karst region, the composition of cementing material andPerformance directly affects effect and the cost of consolidated fill. Karst region consolidated fill both can have been avoided Underground DissolvedSurface subsidence, ecological disruption and the potential safety hazard that cause in hole, can improve again resource utilization, disappear in a large numberConsumption solid waste, consolidated fill fills improvement method and has obtained the generally attention of engineering circles. TatianaThe people such as Bakharev (AlkaliactivationofAustralianslagcements[J] .CementandConcreteResearch:1999 (29) .) adopt the different activators such as sodium metasilicate, NaOH, sodium carbonateActivate blast-furnace cinder, produce cemented filling material, engineering application result shows, the glue of this fillerKnot body compression strength is very high, but setting time is long, under the effect of underground water, easily runs off. A.R.BroughDeng people (Sodiumsilicate-based, alkali-activatedslagmortarsPart1[J].Strength,hydrationandmicrostrureCementandConcreteResearch,2002,32:865-879.) activate granulated blast-furnace slag by sodium metasilicate, and add NaCl to adjust to condenseTime, find has rapid hardening effect after NaCl adds, but poor with Rock And Soil cementing power. TaylorTo adopt flyash be basic former Deng people (CementChemistry[M], Academeic, London, 1990.)Material, K class alkali is produced filler as exciting agent, and its strength and stability is all better, but at adhesive bondIn C-S-H gel structure water penetration poor, be easy to change the runoff mode of underground water, cause solution cavityTo new Directional Extension, cause secondary disaster. Traditional cement mortar filler is at underground Gao Shui in additionUnder condition, be difficult for cementing, and workability, less stable, filling slurry holds in preparation and course of conveyingEasily produce the phenomenons such as segregation, plugging, cementing material with the cementing process of Rock And Soil in can generation " argillizationNot cementing " phenomenon, regulation effect can not effectively be ensured.
In sum, the improvement method of traditional karst ground subsidence geological disaster exists into fillerThis height, destroy poor, the easy loss of cementing power of groundwater flow mode, charges and the soil body, to geologyThe large shortcomings that waits of environmental perturbation, is unfavorable for applying. How developing practicable karst ground collapsesFall into geological disaster filler and preparation method own through becoming following problem demanding prompt solution.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of economy, effectively collapses for administering karst groundSunken filler and preparation method.
Of the present invention for administering the filler of karst ground subsidence, mainly by organic excite cementingMaterial and structural foam composition, wherein:
Described organic excite cementing material by inorganic hybrid materials, polystyrene and phthalic anhydride byThe weight ratio composition of 1:1.5~3.5:2.8~4.9, wherein said inorganic hybrid materials by zeolite,Gypsum and sodium sulphate are pressed the weight ratio composition of 1:1:1;
Described structural foam is by ureaformaldehyde (polymer that urea and formolite reaction obtain) and polyurethane(polyurethanes) presses the weight ratio composition of 1:2.3~3.5;
Described organic weight ratio that excites cementing material and structural foam is 1:2.5~3.8.
Above-mentionedly also comprise in some prior aries conventional for administering the filler of karst ground subsidenceComponent, as set retarder, water-stop and activator etc. The use of described set retarder, water-stop and activatorAmount and selection are all same as the prior art. Described set retarder is preferably sodium chloride, Boratex, sodium sulphateOr magnesium sulfate etc.; The consumption of described set retarder is to account for 0.001~0.003% of filler gross weight; InstituteThe water-stop of stating is hydrophobic type polyurethane injection slurry, is preferably SUP-202 one-pack-type hydrophobic type polyurethane noteSlurries, SL-669 one-pack-type PU foaming water-stop or SL-668 one-pack-type PU foaming water-stop etc.; Described stoppingThe consumption of aqua is to account for 0.001~0.003% of filler gross weight; Described activator is acetylene alcoholOr ether material, wherein ether material can be dimethyl ether, ether or diphenyl ether etc., described activatorConsumption is to account for 0.001~0.003% of filler gross weight.
In technical solutions according to the invention, in organic composition that excites cementing material, inorganic composite materialThe weight ratio of material, polystyrene and phthalic anhydride is preferably 1:2.0~3.0:3.2~4.4, moreBe preferably 1:2.8:3.5; In the composition of structural foam, the weight ratio of ureaformaldehyde and polyurethaneBe preferably 1:2.5~3.0, more preferably 1:2.9.
In technical solutions according to the invention, the granularity of described gypsum and sodium sulphate is generally 200 order~300Order, the granularity of described zeolite is generally 100 order~200 orders; The granularity of described polystyrene is generally 1~5mm (diameter).
In technical solutions according to the invention, described polystyrene can be also industrial discarded polyphenylEthene.
The viscosity of the filler making by formula of the present invention is 380~760Mpas.
Filler of the present invention can be prepared by existing conventional method, preferably as followsBe prepared:
1. take corresponding raw material by organic composition that excites cementing material, by inorganic hybrid materials, polyphenyl secondThe order of alkene, phthalic anhydride is added to mixer, stirs 10~15 minutes, sealed storage after taking out;
2. take corresponding raw material by the composition of structural foam, be placed in mixer and stir 10~15 pointsClock, sealed storage after taking out;
3. excite cementing material and structural foam to be placed in mixer by proportioning to stir by organic before useMix evenly, obtain compound;
4. in gained compound, add appropriate set retarder, water-stop and activator, after mixing, beCan use.
While using filler of the present invention to administer karst collapse, preferably adopt conventional high-pressure slip-castingForm is injected cave, and wherein grouting pressure is not less than 50~100Mpa, and grout spreading range R is 2~3m, slip casting spacing is preferably 4~6m, and the slurry amount of injection is determined according to solution cavity actual size, slip casting angleBe generally 40 °~45 °.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1, filler composition of the present invention is simple, environment friendly and pollution-free, and material is easy to get, and has enough moneySource, preparation method is simple and easy to control, compared with the fillers such as traditional cement mortar, has significantly reduced and has controlledReason cost.
2, filler of the present invention has the mechanical properties such as good compression, stretching, shearing, bending.Organicly there is high poly-reaction after exciting cementing material to be combined with structural foam, strengthened strandLength, strand is longer, and hardness is larger, and mechanical property is better. Compared with traditional material, fatigue resistanceBetter with impact resistance, be a kind of composite of high-strength light.
3, filler of the present invention has good workability, has greatly improved two-phase pulp flowStability, has solved the difficult problem such as segregation, plugging of filling slurry in preparation and course of conveying.
4, filler of the present invention has good mechanical property, water permeability, cementing strength, canWith cementing under high water condition, effectively solve construction material loss in groundwater flow process in solution cavityProblem.
5,, under aforesaid operations, can effectively overcome traditional common cementing material in solution cavity after filling, with holeThe difficult problem of " argillization is not cementing " during wall is cementing, and it is more convenient, quick to construct.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the load-time of preparing filler in experimental example 4 by proportioning described in the embodiment of the present invention 3Relation curve;
Fig. 2 is the load-time of the filler that in experimental example 4, routinely prepared by cement mortar proportion schemeRelation curve.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, of the present invention to understand betterContent, but the present invention is not limited to following examples.
Filler described in following embodiment is prepared by the following method:
1. take corresponding raw material by organic composition that excites cementing material, by inorganic hybrid materials (boiling whereinStone, gypsum and sodium sulphate are crushed to respectively corresponding requirements), the order of polystyrene, phthalic anhydride addsEnter to mixer, stir 15 minutes, sealed storage after taking out;
2. take corresponding raw material by the composition of structural foam, be placed in mixer and stir 10 minutes, getGo out rear sealed storage;
3. excite cementing material and structural foam to be placed in mixer by proportioning to stir by organic before useMix 10 minutes, obtain compound;
4. in gained compound, add set retarder, water-stop and the activator of proportional quantity, stir 10 minutesObtain.
Embodiment 1
For administering the filler of karst ground subsidence, by organic cementing material, structural foam material of excitingMaterial, set retarder, water-stop and activator composition, wherein:
Described organic excite cementing material by inorganic hybrid materials, polystyrene and phthalic anhydride byThe weight ratio composition of 1:2.5:3.5, described inorganic hybrid materials is pressed by zeolite, gypsum and sodium sulphateThe weight ratio composition of 1:1:1;
Described structural foam is made up of by the weight ratio of 1:2.5 ureaformaldehyde and polyurethane;
Described organic weight ratio that excites cementing material and structural foam is 1:3.5;
Described set retarder is sodium chloride, and its consumption is to account for 0.001% of filler gross weight;
Described water-stop is SUP-202 one-pack-type hydrophobic type polyurethane injection slurry, and its consumption is for accounting for filling0.003% of material gross weight;
Described activator is acetylene alcohol, and its consumption is to account for 0.002% of filler gross weight.
Embodiment 2
For administering the filler of karst ground subsidence, by organic cementing material, structural foam material of excitingMaterial, set retarder, water-stop and activator composition, wherein:
Described organic excite cementing material by inorganic hybrid materials, polystyrene and phthalic anhydride byThe weight ratio composition of 1:3.0:3.5, described inorganic hybrid materials is pressed by zeolite, gypsum and sodium sulphateThe weight ratio composition of 1:1:1;
Described structural foam is made up of by the weight ratio of 1:2.6 ureaformaldehyde and polyurethane;
Described organic weight ratio that excites cementing material and structural foam is 1:3.1;
Described set retarder is sodium chloride, and its consumption is to account for 0.002% of filler gross weight;
Described water-stop is SUP-202 one-pack-type hydrophobic type polyurethane injection slurry, and its consumption is for accounting for filling0.001% of material gross weight;
Described activator is acetylene alcohol, and its consumption is to account for 0.001% of filler gross weight.
Embodiment 3
For administering the filler of karst ground subsidence, by organic cementing material, structural foam material of excitingMaterial, set retarder, water-stop and activator composition, wherein:
Described organic excite cementing material by inorganic hybrid materials, polystyrene and phthalic anhydride byThe weight ratio composition of 1:3.0:2.0, described inorganic hybrid materials is pressed by zeolite, gypsum and sodium sulphateThe weight ratio composition of 1:1:1;
Described structural foam is made up of by the weight ratio of 1:3.5 ureaformaldehyde and polyurethane;
Described organic weight ratio that excites cementing material and structural foam is 1:2.6;
Described set retarder is Boratex, and its consumption is to account for 0.003% of filler gross weight;
Described water-stop is SL-669 one-pack-type PU foaming water-stop, and its consumption is total for accounting for filler0.002% of weight;
Described activator is diphenyl ether, and its consumption is to account for 0.003% of filler gross weight.
Embodiment 4
For administering the filler of karst ground subsidence, by organic cementing material, structural foam material of excitingMaterial, set retarder, water-stop and activator composition, wherein:
Described organic excite cementing material by inorganic hybrid materials, polystyrene and phthalic anhydride byThe weight ratio composition of 1:1.5:4.9, described inorganic hybrid materials is pressed by zeolite, gypsum and sodium sulphateThe weight ratio composition of 1:1:1;
Described structural foam is made up of by the weight ratio of 1:2.3 ureaformaldehyde and polyurethane;
Described organic weight ratio that excites cementing material and structural foam is 1:3.8;
Described set retarder is sodium sulphate, and its consumption is to account for 0.002% of filler gross weight;
Described water-stop is SL-668 one-pack-type PU foaming water-stop, and its consumption is for accounting for filler gross weight0.001% of amount;
Described activator is dimethyl ether, and its consumption is to account for 0.003% of filler gross weight.
Embodiment 5
For administering the filler of karst ground subsidence, by organic cementing material, structural foam material of excitingMaterial, set retarder, water-stop and activator composition, wherein:
Described organic excite cementing material by inorganic hybrid materials, polystyrene and phthalic anhydride byThe weight ratio composition of 1:3.5:2.8, described inorganic hybrid materials is pressed by zeolite, gypsum and sodium sulphateThe weight ratio composition of 1:1:1;
Described structural foam is made up of by the weight ratio of 1:3.0 ureaformaldehyde and polyurethane;
Described organic weight ratio that excites cementing material and structural foam is 1:2.5;
Described set retarder is magnesium sulfate, and its consumption is to account for 0.001% of filler gross weight;
Described water-stop is SUP-202 one-pack-type hydrophobic type polyurethane injection slurry, and its consumption is for accounting for filling0.001% of material gross weight;
Described activator is acetylene alcohol, and its consumption is to account for 0.001% of filler gross weight.
Experimental example 1: filling effect test
Adopt two schemes to fill the underground karst cavity of 2 similar sizes in new district, Lingui, Guilin CityFill out, the wherein hole diameter 3.2m of solution cavity 1, the dark 4.5m in hole, hole is apart from the about 7m of buried depth on ground;The hole diameter 3.08m of solution cavity 2, the dark 5.1m in hole, hole is apart from the about 6.8m of buried depth on ground.
The first scheme be adopt traditional cement mortar charging formula, mix proportion scheme be routinely water:Cement: sand=1:2.3:2.5 (weight ratio). Adopt high-pressure grout injector to carry out slip casting to solution cavity 1, according to phaseClose job specfication and operate, be full of and reach cement conservation length of time after detect.
First scheme is that the filler making by the embodiment of the present invention 1 carries out filling to solution cavity 2, adoptsWith QZJ100B drilling machine, solution cavity is intended administering in soil and hole, 35 ° of dip angle of hole, bore diameter 20cm,Adopt BW-118 high-pressure grout injector that mixed liquor is injected to solution cavity, grouting pressure is 0.3MPa, reaches pressureHigher limit 3MPa stops slip casting.
Within 28 days, adopt afterwards SIR-2 type geologic radar detection instrument to detect the slip casting effect of two schemes,Result is as follows:
The physical prospecting testing result of the first scheme shows: the pack completeness of solution cavity is only 40%, and filling inequalityEven, wall gummed in hole is poor, and cement mortar materials are large;
The testing result of first scheme shows: the pack completeness of solution cavity has reached 100%, filler and holeWall adhesion effect is good, and because filler has dilatancy, filling materials are less with respect to cement mortar.
Experimental example 2: permeability test
The present invention program: prepare filler by proportioning described in the embodiment of the present invention 1, then make 200cm× 200cm reference block, makes 5.
Cement mortar proportion scheme: water routinely: cement: sand=1:2.3:2.5 (weight ratio), with sameCement mortar is made 200cm × 200cm reference block by the method for sample, makes 5, and preparation process does not needStir.
Two kinds of sample maintenances, after 28 days, adopt YT020 type water penetration tester to carry out water permeabillity test, measureIts coefficient of permeability K.
Result shows: the test block coefficient of permeability K that cement mortar is made is 0.013~0.024, belongs to thoroughly weakWater-based; The test block coefficient of permeability K making by the embodiment of the present invention 1 proportioning is 0.618~0.84. It is visible,Filler of the present invention has good water penetration, can not impact the footpath flow path direction of underground water
Experimental example 3: cementing argillization test
Cement mortar proportion scheme: press water: cement: sand=1:2.3:2.5 (weight ratio). Press cement mortar:Clay=1:1 (weight ratio) is mixed with test block, places Hose Test after 48 hours.
The present invention program: prepare filler by proportioning described in the embodiment of the present invention 2, then press filling materialMaterial mixture: earth=1:1 (weight ratio) is mixed with test block, places Hose Test test after 48 hours.
Result shows: cement mortar block is under identical time, identical current are washed away, and clay comes offReach 80%; And on filler of the present invention clay to come off be only 3.5%. Visible, of the present inventionThe cementing argillization successful of filler is better than cement mortar.
Experimental example 4: fatigue resistance test
The present invention program: prepare filler by proportioning described in the embodiment of the present invention 3, then make 150cm× 150cm reference block, makes 5.
Cement mortar proportion scheme: water routinely: cement: sand=1:2.1:2.0 (weight ratio). With sameCement mortar is made 150cm × 150cm reference block by the method for sample, makes 5, and preparation process does not needStir.
Two kinds of sample maintenances, after 28 days, adopt SPL-30A type fatigue tester to add Cyclic Loading, according to negativeThe relation curve of lotus-time is differentiated its fatigue resistance; Wherein Fig. 1 is by proportioning described in the embodiment of the present invention 3Prepare the relation curve of the load-time of filler, Fig. 2 is for preparing by above-mentioned cement mortar proportion schemeThe relation curve of load-time of filler.
Result shows: the relation curve of the test block load-time of being made up of cement mortar, cement briquetteAfter two round load tests, test block is broken, and intensity obviously reduces; And filling of the present inventionThe test block that material is made is after 8 round load tests, and only there is a slight drawing crack on surface, test block wholeBody and intensity do not become substantially.
Experimental example 5: impact resistance test
The present invention program: prepare filler by proportioning described in the embodiment of the present invention 3, then make 250cm× 250cm reference block, makes 5.
Cement mortar proportion scheme: routinely water: cement: sand=1:2.5:2.0 (weight ratio). WithCement mortar is made 250cm × 250cm reference block by same method, makes 5, and preparation process is notNeed to stir.
Two kinds of sample maintenances, after 28 days, adopt the full-automatic shock machine of JB-30A microcomputer screen display to add impactLoad load, differentiates its impact resistance according to display screen anti-impact force size.
Result shows: shown by the full-automatic shock machine screen display of JB-30A microcomputer screen display impact force data,The test block anti-impact force size that cement mortar is made is 3.5KN; And filler of the present invention is madeTest block impact resistance size is 4.1KN; Its impact resistance is slightly better than cement mortar, meets fillerRequirement of strength.
From above-mentioned test, filler of the present invention is applied to and administers karst ground subsidence groundIn the measure of matter disaster solution cavity, can obviously reach the Strength and stability requirement of filling, can ensure to controlReason groundwork basis has good specific stiffness, specific strength, can improve again the rigidity of base integral, moreImportantly can not cause the environmental pollution in groundwater flow process, can significantly reduce the expense of improvement.