CN104445730B - Comprehensive utilization method of wastewater containing phosphorus and fluorine - Google Patents
Comprehensive utilization method of wastewater containing phosphorus and fluorine Download PDFInfo
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- CN104445730B CN104445730B CN201410673626.9A CN201410673626A CN104445730B CN 104445730 B CN104445730 B CN 104445730B CN 201410673626 A CN201410673626 A CN 201410673626A CN 104445730 B CN104445730 B CN 104445730B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B25/00—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
- C01B25/16—Oxyacids of phosphorus; Salts thereof
- C01B25/26—Phosphates
- C01B25/32—Phosphates of magnesium, calcium, strontium, or barium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F11/00—Compounds of calcium, strontium, or barium
- C01F11/20—Halides
- C01F11/22—Fluorides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/105—Phosphorus compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/12—Halogens or halogen-containing compounds
- C02F2101/14—Fluorine or fluorine-containing compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
- C02F2301/08—Multistage treatments, e.g. repetition of the same process step under different conditions
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of wastewater comprehensive utilization, and particularly relates to a comprehensive utilization method of wastewater containing phosphorus and fluorine. The comprehensive utilization method comprises the following steps: carrying out twice neutralization on the wastewater containing phosphorus and fluorine, and controlling the final pH value after each time of neutralization; separating calcium fluoride from wastewater according to the solubility product of calcium fluoride and calcium orthophosphate, so as to enable the main ingredients of wastewater to be calcium orthophosphate and silica gel; separating silica gel by centrifugal separation to obtain a waste liquid containing phosphorus; carrying out secondary neutralization on the waste liquid containing phosphorus to enable the pH value to be 4-7; after generating calcium hydrophosphate, carrying out cooling crystallization treatment; separating calcium hydrophosphate to obtain a clear liquid, so as to realize treatment on wastewater containing phosphorus and fluorine. By adopting the comprehensive utilization method, maximal reutilization of the phosphorus fluorine resource is realized, the by-product silica gel is generated, the product additional value is increased, and the cost of treatment on wastewater containing phosphorus and fluorine is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wastewater utilization technical field, especially a kind of phosphor fluorine containing waste water comprehensive
Close Application way.
Background technology
Phosphor fluorine containing waste water is phosphoric acid production enterprise acid waste water inevitably to be produced;This gives up
Water discharge will cause serious pollution to environment in the environment, for this reason, in prior art generally
Using acid-base neutralization method, phosphor fluorine containing waste water is neutralized to neutral process, and gathers solid-liquid again
Isolation technics, will wherein form after solid slag filtered, acquisition process after clear liquid row
Put;And in phosphoric acid production enterprise, be typically with rock phosphate in powder and carry out reaction with inorganic acid producing,
And rock phosphate in powder contains Determination of Multi-Impurities, such as fluorine element, element silicon, calcium constituent etc., therefore
In manufacturing process, not only will result only in substantial amounts of waste residue and produce, still also result in substantial amounts of
Waste liquid produces;And in this waste liquid, because the impurity content of part fluosilicic acid is higher, concentration is relatively low;
And mix with the phosphoric acid of part low concentration and be difficult to be separated, and then be formed for phosphorus fluorine altogether
The phosphor fluorine containing waste water deposited.
In the above prior art, for the processing method of phosphor fluorine containing waste water, although it can be by
The pollution level of waste water during its discharge carries out certain process, in the hope of reaching discharge standard, but
Its process still can not reach preferable standard, also create processing cost higher and cause simultaneously
The waste of phosphorus fluorine.
Certainly, part researcher is also had to carry out the phosphorus fluorine in phosphorus fluorine waste residue by extraction at present
Recycle, and extraction added so that after the content of calcium ion therein is less by sulfuric acid,
Improve the concentration of phosphate radical therein, and then again phosphate radical is concentrated, obtain phosphate and produce
Product, and fluorine is discharged in phosphate radical concentration process in gaseous form, and the gas to exclusion
Body is absorbed, and then reaches the phosphorus fluorine resource separating in phosphor fluorine containing waste residue or waste liquid,
But, the energy consumption of the method is larger, and the recycling for fluorine resource is more undesirable, will
Part fluorine gas can be led to be difficult to because temperature is too high be absorbed and used, discharge in the environment, is made
Become the secondary pollution of air.
For this reason, this researcher combines above-mentioned prior art, and the performance to phosphor fluorine containing waste water,
And then by the phosphorus fluorine in phosphor fluorine containing waste water carry out comprehensive utilization directly carry out in the solution, and then fall
The low energy consumption of whole technique and processing cost, are that the process of phosphor fluorine containing waste water provides one kind
New way.
Content of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem present in prior art, the present invention provides a kind of phosphorous
Phosphorus fluorine can directly constantly be neutralized by the method for comprehensive utilization of fluorine waste water in the solution by multistep
Mode be neutralized process, and then the phosphorus fluorine resource in phosphor fluorine containing waste water is separated
Out comprehensively utilize, and then reduce the cost to phosphor fluorine containing wastewater treatment, reduce energy consumption and
Avoid the loss of phosphorus fluorine resource and the secondary pollution that environment is formed.
Particularly, the present invention is according to the compositing characteristic of sewage, by the phosphor resource in waste water, fluorine
The form that resource exists carries out detailed analysis and understanding, and wherein phosphorus is mainly in the form of phosphoric acid
Exist, fluorine is mainly presented in fluosilicic acid.Can be with calcium oxide, calcium carbonate according to fluosilicic acid
React generation slightly solubility material calcirm-fluoride, phosphoric acid energy and calcium oxide in aqueous or with milk of lime
React the feature generating calcium monohydrogen phosphate in aqueous or with milk of lime, can be by fluorine and phosphorus with heavy
The form formed sediment is separated out, and the difference according to calcirm-fluoride and calcium monohydrogen phosphate solubility product, in difference
Under pH value, calcirm-fluoride and calcium monohydrogen phosphate are separated, both achieved sewage disposal, and to sewage
Middle phosphorus, fluorine resource are reclaimed.
Its specific principle is:Phosphorus, fluorine combined sewage pH value general all below 0.5, acid
Property is stronger.Calcium monohydrogen phosphate is compared according to the solubility of calcirm-fluoride under acid condition lower, work as solution
Middle addition calcium oxide, milk of lime or calcium carbonate, pH value when 1.0-3.5 is with scope calcirm-fluoride first with
The form of precipitation separates out, and its main equation is:
3Ca(OH)2+H2SiF6=3CaF2+SiO2+4H2O
After fluosilicic acid in solution removes, in sewage, main component is phosphoric acid, and PH is in 4.0-7.0
In the range of, phosphoric acid and calcium ion react and calcium monohydrogen phosphate precipitation are obtained, and are continuously added into calcium ion, very
To meeting generating portion tricalcium phosphate, it is crystallized, you can separate out synthos crystal,
Separation of solid and liquid afterwards, you can complete the comprehensive utilization of phosphor fluorine containing waste water.
The detailed technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of method of comprehensive utilization of phosphor fluorine containing waste water, comprises the following steps:
(1) remove slag:The dreg liquid that the exclusion of phosphoric acid production enterprise is come is placed in solid-liquid separation tank,
After solid filtration separation therein, obtain waste water, stand-by;
(2) once neutralize:By step 1) waste water that obtains inserts in a neutralization chamber, and to
Wherein add solubility calcium material, and control temperature to be 20-50 DEG C, using mixing speed be
30-90r/min stir process, the pH value in neutralization chamber of adjustment is 1-3.5, continuously stirred
After 20-60min, put it in subsider, the slag-drip opening of subsider and overflow launder are beaten simultaneously
Open, different from calcirm-fluoride sinking speed using silica gel, the slag liquid of precipitation is excluded from slag-drip opening, liquid
Body flows out from overflow launder;Wherein, slag liquid is calcirm-fluoride slip, and liquid is phosphorous containing silica gel
Solution;Calcirm-fluoride slip is put in centrifugal separator, using the centrifugation speed of 500-1100r/min
Degree separates, and obtains filter cake and filtrate, filtrate return to step 1) mix with waste water, filter cake is placed in
In dryer, using temperature dried process 5-20min for 70-130 DEG C for the temperature, you can obtain
Fluorination calcium product;Solution containing phosphate containing silica gel is placed in filter press and carries out press filtration process, you can obtain
Phosphorus waste liquid and silica gel must be contained, stand-by containing phosphorus waste liquid;
(3) secondary neutralization:By step 2) obtain be placed in secondary neutralization chamber containing phosphorus waste liquid, and
It is added thereto to solubility calcium material, and takes the mode stirring while adding, mixing speed is
30-90r/min, controls temperature to be 25-40 DEG C, measures pH value, control solubility calcium material
Addition, the pH value of stablizing solution is 4-7, controls the addition containing phosphorus waste liquid so that expecting
Starch the interior time of staying in secondary neutralization chamber for 20-50min, after the completion of reaction, slip is put
Enter in centrifugal separator, be 500-2000r/min centrifugal treating 4-8min using centrifugal rotational speed, will
Its filtration treatment, obtains calcium monohydrogen phosphate and clear liquid, and calcium monohydrogen phosphate can be used as feed or fertilizer after drying
Material is sold, and clear liquid return phosphoric acid production technique is circulated utilization, you can complete phosphor fluorine containing
The comprehensive utilization of waste water.
Described solubility calcium material is one of calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide, calcium carbonate or several
Kind.
PH value in a described neutralization chamber is 1.5-3.
PH value in a described neutralization chamber is 2-2.5.
PH value in described secondary neutralization chamber is 5-6.
PH value in described secondary neutralization chamber is 4.5-5.5.
PH value in described secondary neutralization chamber is 5.5-6.5.
Compared with prior art, the technique effect of the present invention is embodied in:
1. pass through to pass through to neutralize twice by phosphor fluorine containing waste water, and control the end after each neutralization
PH value, and then according to the solubility product of calcirm-fluoride, synthos, the calcirm-fluoride in waste water is separated
Out so that the main component in waste water is synthos and silica gel, and pass through centrifugation,
After silica gel therein is separated, obtain contain phosphorus waste liquid, then will contain phosphorus waste liquid carry out secondary in
With, and then make pH value therein be 4-7, and then after generation calcium monohydrogen phosphate, then crystallisation by cooling
Process, after isolating calcium monohydrogen phosphate, obtain clear liquid, and then reach the process to phosphor fluorine containing waste water,
Phosphorus fluorine resource therein is not only carried out maximized recycling by the method, but also generates
Byproduct silica gel, improves added value of product, reduces the cost of phosphor fluorine containing wastewater treatment.
2., in the whole technique of the present invention, there is not high temperature and concentrate, and then there is not energy consumption and ask
Topic, further makes the cost to phosphor fluorine containing wastewater utilization reduce, and guarantees whole
Technique is carried out in a liquid, is not result in the generation of waste gas, reduces Sewage treatment and utilizes phosphorus fluorine
During resource, secondary pollution rate that environment is caused, there is the significant value of environmental protection and economic benefit.
Specific embodiment
Technical scheme is further limited with reference to specific embodiment
Fixed, but claimed scope is not only limited to description.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method of comprehensive utilization of phosphor fluorine containing waste water, comprises the following steps:
(1) remove slag:The dreg liquid that the exclusion of phosphoric acid production enterprise is come is placed in solid-liquid separation tank,
After solid filtration separation therein, obtain waste water, stand-by;
(2) once neutralize:By step 1) waste water that obtains inserts in a neutralization chamber, and to
Wherein add solubility calcium material, and control temperature to be 20 DEG C, be 30r/min using mixing speed
Stir process, the pH value in neutralization chamber of adjustment is 1, after continuously stirred 20min, by it
Put in subsider, the slag-drip opening of subsider and overflow launder are opened simultaneously, using silica gel and fluorine
Change calcium sinking speed difference, the slag liquid of precipitation is excluded from slag-drip opening, and liquid flows out from overflow launder;
Wherein, slag liquid is calcirm-fluoride slip, and liquid is the solution containing phosphate containing silica gel;By calcirm-fluoride material
Slurry is put in centrifugal separator, and the centrifugal speed using 500r/min separates, and obtains filter cake and filter
Liquid, filtrate return to step 1) mix with waste water, filter cake is placed in dryer, using temperature is
70 DEG C of temperature dried process 5min, you can obtain fluorination calcium product;Solution containing phosphate containing silica gel
It is placed in filter press and carries out press filtration process, you can obtain and contain phosphorus waste liquid and silica gel, treat containing phosphorus waste liquid
With;
(3) secondary neutralization:By step 2) obtain be placed in secondary neutralization chamber containing phosphorus waste liquid, and
It is added thereto to solubility calcium material, and takes the mode stirring while adding, mixing speed is
30r/min, controls temperature to be 25 DEG C, measures pH value, control the addition of solubility calcium material
Amount, the pH value of stablizing solution is 4, controls addition containing phosphorus waste liquid so that slip is two
In secondary neutralization chamber, the interior time of staying is 20min, after the completion of reaction, slip is put into centrifugation point
In disembarking, it is 500r/min centrifugal treating 4min using centrifugal rotational speed, its filtration treatment obtains
Obtain calcium monohydrogen phosphate and clear liquid, calcium monohydrogen phosphate can as feed or fertilizer sales, and be incited somebody to action clear after drying
Liquid returns phosphoric acid production technique and is circulated utilization, you can complete the comprehensive profit of phosphor fluorine containing waste water
With.
Solubility calcium material is calcium carbonate.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method of comprehensive utilization of phosphor fluorine containing waste water, comprises the following steps:
(1) remove slag:The dreg liquid that the exclusion of phosphoric acid production enterprise is come is placed in solid-liquid separation tank,
After solid filtration separation therein, obtain waste water, stand-by;
(2) once neutralize:By step 1) waste water that obtains inserts in a neutralization chamber, and to
Wherein add solubility calcium material, and control temperature to be 50 DEG C, be 90r/min using mixing speed
Stir process, the pH value in neutralization chamber of adjustment is 3.5, after continuously stirred 60min, by it
Put in subsider, the slag-drip opening of subsider and overflow launder are opened simultaneously, using silica gel and fluorine
Change calcium sinking speed difference, the slag liquid of precipitation is excluded from slag-drip opening, and liquid flows out from overflow launder;
Wherein, slag liquid is calcirm-fluoride slip, and liquid is the solution containing phosphate containing silica gel;By calcirm-fluoride material
Slurry is put in centrifugal separator, and the centrifugal speed using 1100r/min separates, and obtains filter cake and filter
Liquid, filtrate return to step 1) mix with waste water, filter cake is placed in dryer, using temperature is
130 DEG C of temperature dried process 20min, you can obtain fluorination calcium product;Phosphorous molten containing silica gel
Liquid is placed in filter press and carries out press filtration process, you can obtains and contains phosphorus waste liquid and silica gel, containing phosphorus waste liquid
Stand-by;
(3) secondary neutralization:By step 2) obtain be placed in secondary neutralization chamber containing phosphorus waste liquid, and
It is added thereto to solubility calcium material, and takes the mode stirring while adding, mixing speed is
90r/min, controls temperature to be 40 DEG C, measures pH value, control the addition of solubility calcium material
Amount, the pH value of stablizing solution is 7, controls addition containing phosphorus waste liquid so that slip is two
In secondary neutralization chamber, the interior time of staying is 50min, after the completion of reaction, slip is put into centrifugation point
In disembarking, it is 2000r/min centrifugal treating 8min using centrifugal rotational speed, by its filtration treatment,
Obtain calcium monohydrogen phosphate and clear liquid, calcium monohydrogen phosphate as feed or fertilizer sales, and can be incited somebody to action after drying
Clear liquid returns phosphoric acid production technique and is circulated utilization, you can complete the comprehensive profit of phosphor fluorine containing waste water
With.
Solubility calcium material is calcium hydroxide.
Embodiment 3
A kind of method of comprehensive utilization of phosphor fluorine containing waste water, comprises the following steps:
(1) remove slag:The dreg liquid that the exclusion of phosphoric acid production enterprise is come is placed in solid-liquid separation tank,
After solid filtration separation therein, obtain waste water, stand-by;
(2) once neutralize:By step 1) waste water that obtains inserts in a neutralization chamber, and to
Wherein add solubility calcium material, and control temperature to be 35 DEG C, be 60r/min using mixing speed
Stir process, the pH value in neutralization chamber of adjustment is 2, after continuously stirred 40min, by it
Put in subsider, the slag-drip opening of subsider and overflow launder are opened simultaneously, using silica gel and fluorine
Change calcium sinking speed difference, the slag liquid of precipitation is excluded from slag-drip opening, and liquid flows out from overflow launder;
Wherein, slag liquid is calcirm-fluoride slip, and liquid is the solution containing phosphate containing silica gel;By calcirm-fluoride material
Slurry is put in centrifugal separator, and the centrifugal speed using 850r/min separates, and obtains filter cake and filter
Liquid, filtrate return to step 1) mix with waste water, filter cake is placed in dryer, using temperature is
100 DEG C of temperature dried process 15min, you can obtain fluorination calcium product;Phosphorous molten containing silica gel
Liquid is placed in filter press and carries out press filtration process, you can obtains and contains phosphorus waste liquid and silica gel, containing phosphorus waste liquid
Stand-by;
(3) secondary neutralization:By step 2) obtain be placed in secondary neutralization chamber containing phosphorus waste liquid, and
It is added thereto to solubility calcium material, and takes the mode stirring while adding, mixing speed is
60r/min, controls temperature to be 30 DEG C, measures pH value, control the addition of solubility calcium material
Amount, the pH value of stablizing solution is 6, controls addition containing phosphorus waste liquid so that slip is two
In secondary neutralization chamber, the interior time of staying is 35min, after the completion of reaction, slip is put into centrifugation point
In disembarking, it is 1500r/min centrifugal treating 7min using centrifugal rotational speed, by its filtration treatment,
Obtain calcium monohydrogen phosphate and clear liquid, calcium monohydrogen phosphate as feed or fertilizer sales, and can be incited somebody to action after drying
Clear liquid returns phosphoric acid production technique and is circulated utilization, you can complete the comprehensive profit of phosphor fluorine containing waste water
With.
Solubility calcium material is calcium oxide.
Here it is important to point out that, above example is only limitted to technical scheme is done
Further elucidated above and explanation, be not the further restriction to technical scheme.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of method of comprehensive utilization of phosphor fluorine containing waste water is it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) remove slag:The dreg liquid that phosphoric acid production enterprise is ejected is placed in solid-liquid separation tank, after solid filtration separation therein, obtains waste water, stand-by;
(2) once neutralize:The waste water that step (1) is obtained is inserted in a neutralization chamber, and it is added thereto to solubility calcium material, and control temperature to be 20-50 DEG C, it is 30-90r/min stir process using mixing speed, the pH value in neutralization chamber of adjustment is 1-3.5, after continuously stirred 20-60min, put it in subsider, the slag-drip opening of subsider and overflow launder are opened simultaneously, different from calcirm-fluoride sinking speed using silica gel, the slag liquid of precipitation is excluded from slag-drip opening, and liquid flows out from overflow launder;Wherein, slag liquid is calcirm-fluoride slip, and liquid is the solution containing phosphate containing silica gel;Calcirm-fluoride slip is put in centrifugal separator, centrifugal speed using 500-1100r/min separates, obtain filter cake and filtrate, filtrate return to step (1) is mixed with waste water, filter cake is placed in dryer, using temperature dried process 5-20min for 70-130 DEG C for the temperature, you can obtain fluorination calcium product;Solution containing phosphate containing silica gel is placed in filter press and carries out press filtration process, you can obtains and contains phosphorus waste liquid and silica gel, stand-by containing phosphorus waste liquid;
(3) secondary neutralization:Step (2) is obtained and is placed in secondary neutralization chamber containing phosphorus waste liquid,And it is added thereto to solubility calcium material,And take the mode stirring while adding,Mixing speed is 30-90r/min,Temperature is controlled to be 25-40 DEG C,Measure pH value,Control the addition of solubility calcium material,The pH value of stablizing solution is 4-7,Control the addition containing phosphorus waste liquid,The slip interior time of staying in secondary neutralization chamber is made to be 20-50min,After the completion of reaction,Slip is put in centrifugal separator,It is 500-2000r/min centrifugal treating 4-8min using centrifugal rotational speed,By its filtration treatment,Obtain calcium monohydrogen phosphate and clear liquid,As feed or fertilizer sales after calcium monohydrogen phosphate drying,And clear liquid return phosphoric acid production technique is circulated utilization,The comprehensive utilization of phosphor fluorine containing waste water can be completed;
Described solubility calcium material is one or more of calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide, calcium carbonate.
2. the method for comprehensive utilization of phosphor fluorine containing waste water as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that the pH value in a described neutralization chamber is 1.5-3.
3. the method for comprehensive utilization of phosphor fluorine containing waste water as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that the pH value in a described neutralization chamber is 2-2.5.
4. the method for comprehensive utilization of phosphor fluorine containing waste water as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that the pH value in described secondary neutralization chamber is 5-6.
5. the method for comprehensive utilization of phosphor fluorine containing waste water as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that the pH value in described secondary neutralization chamber is 4.5-5.5.
6. the method for comprehensive utilization of phosphor fluorine containing waste water as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that the pH value in described secondary neutralization chamber is 5.5-6.5.
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