A kind of split skid-mounted type supercritical water oxidation system
Technical field
The present invention relates to the supercritical sewage treatment reactor of environmental technology field, particularly a kind of Novel separated skid-mounted type supercritical water oxidation system.
Background technology
Water is under conditions of postcritical (T=374 DEG C, P=22.1MPa), and physics, chemical property all occur significantly to change, and forms a kind of gaseous state that had both been different from also different from liquid or the fluid state of solid-state, referred to as supercritical water.Supercritical water can dissolve each other completely with oxygen and gas chromatography matter.It addition, inorganic component and salt solubility in supercritical water is the lowest, almost can Precipitation completely.
Supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) technology is at 20th century advanced oxidation processes that can be destroyed by organic constitution fully, up hill and dale proposing by American scholar Modell of the mid-80 the earliest.Pointing out in one of the big field of listed by American National key technology six " energy and environment ", the most promising waste treatment technique is SCWO method.Supercritical Water Oxidation Technology is under the high-temperature and high-pressure conditions of the critical point (T=374 DEG C, P=22.1MPa) exceeding water, with oxygen or other oxidant, organic matter is carried out the method that " burning " aoxidizes.Compared with traditional waste treatment method, supercritical Water Oxidation Technology is capable of innoxious, minimizing and the resource that refuse processes, and concrete Heterosis exists: (1) reaction speed is fast.Under super critical condition, the dielectric coefficient of water is substantially reduced, oxygen and gas chromatography matter form homogeneous phase in aqueous systems, eliminate resistance to mass tranfer, make the homogeneous oxidizing reaction originally occurring the heterogeneous reaction between liquid phase, solid phase, gas phase to be converted in SCW, faster, the time of staying is short for reaction rate.(2) treatment effeciency is high.Mostly being not required to use catalyst, oxidation efficiency is the highest, and the organic matter of more than 99.9% can combustion oxidation rapidly.(3) the best.By regulation temperature and pressure, thus it is possible to vary physicochemical characteristics such as the density of water, viscosity, diffusion coefficient, dielectric constants, thus change its to organic solubility property, reach selectivity and control the purpose of product.(4) non-secondary pollution.SCWO reaction is to carry out under enclosed environment, meets the requirement of totally-enclosed process, and reaction temperature is far below burning, and product is usually H2O、CO2、N2, seldom produce NOXAnd SO2, the secondary pollutions such as two English, furans will not be produced.(5) product and energy can reclaim.In supercritical Water Oxidation Technology, the inorganic salts that oxidation operation obtains after decomposing all precipitate and all can separate out, and inorganic salts recovery is converted into construction material and recycles;CO2、H2Separable recovery such as end product nontoxic for O etc., can discharge the heat energy of substantial amounts of recoverable in simultaneous oxidation course of reaction.
The process field of supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) technology is extensive, including various industrial wastes, urban biomass refuse, its all kinds of high concentrated organic wastewaters in fields such as conventional method reluctant poisonous and harmful waste water, percolate and military project, space flight, navigations process with the obvious advantage.Supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) technology reaches the clearance of more than 99.9% in the short period of time to these organic liquid wastes, waste water energy.
Supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) technology is after miniaturization technologies maturation, and the human body waste that may further be used to carry out on sci-tech product as high-end in spaceship, submarine etc. processes, and reaches recycling and energy regenerating.The realization of this technology, not only can reduce the expense of transport water resource, also can explore, for the mankind, the flying power that outfield provides longer, produce good prospect in the life-support systems of Aeronautics and Astronautics and nuclear submarine.
At present, domestic existing supercritical water oxidation system is fewer, and function is comprehensive not, and structure design is not reasonable, heavy and cannot move, and is only suitable for the fundamental research in laboratory, is not suitable for carrying out sewage sludge processing item on a small scale;And it is frequently necessary to the parts such as overcritical water oxidization reactor and nozzle at present redesign according to different demands, existing system cannot realize fast assembling-disassembling, very flexible, operation inconvenience, and security to be difficult to ensure.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of Novel separated skid-mounted type supercritical water oxidation system is provided, this system is used not only for small-scale sewage sludge processing item, and for reactor and the design of critical component nozzle and improving provide a set of easy for installation, simple to operate, run the pilot system of safety.
The present invention solves its technical problem and is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of Novel separated skid-mounted type supercritical water oxidation system, it is characterised in that: this reaction system is made up of the gas pressurization system of separate, material pressurization distribution system, supercritical reaction device system and gas-liquid separation sampling system;Wherein, gas pressurization system is made up of oxidant storage tank, nitrogen storage tank, the first stop valve, the second stop valve, air compressor, booster pump, high-pressure gas cylinder and filter, oxidant storage tank, nitrogen storage tank are connected to booster pump by the first stop valve, the second stop valve respectively, air compressor drives booster pump that oxidant, nitrogen are carried out supercharging, booster pump outlet connects filter, filter outlet connects oxygen interface A, and booster pump connects high-pressure gas cylinder;
Material pressurization distribution system includes desalted water storage tank, fuel reservoir, sewage storage tank, first, second triple valve, first, second, third, fourth measuring pump, sewage storage tank is connected to sewage/desalted water interface B through the first measuring pump after being connected with desalted water storage tank by the first triple valve, fuel reservoir is connected to fuel/desalted water interface C through the second measuring pump after being connected with desalted water storage tank by the second triple valve, and desalted water storage tank connects desalted water interface D and desalted water interface E by the 3rd measuring pump, the 4th measuring pump respectively;
Supercritical reaction device system is made up of first, second, third, fourth flow controller, first, second, third preheater, reactor, bus-bar, system back pressure valve;Sewage/desalted water interface B is connected to reactor by first flow controller, oxygen interface A is leaded up to second flow controller and is connected to reactor, oxygen interface A is separately leaded up to the 3rd flow controller, the first preheater and is connected to reactor, fuel/desalted water interface C is connected to reactor by the 4th flow controller, the second preheater, desalted water interface E is connected to reactor through the 3rd preheater, bus-bar, desalted water interface D is connected to reactor, and reactor is connected to interface F by system back pressure valve;
Gas-liquid separation sample cyclic system is made up of gas-liquid separator, gas sampling mouth, liquid sample mouth, interface F is connected to gas-liquid separator, the gas vent of gas-liquid separator connects gas sampling mouth, the liquid outlet of gas-liquid separator connects liquid sample mouth, gas sampling mouth connects gas discharge port, and liquid sample mouth connects liquid discharge port.
And, described reactor is evaporation wall type reactor.
And, described bus-bar is connected to reactor by three road desalted water pipelines, and desalted water is equally divided into three identical road water of flow and enters the evaporation wall of reactor by bus-bar.
Advantages of the present invention and having the beneficial effect that
1, the Novel separated skid-mounted type supercritical water oxidation system of the present invention, it is made up of the gas pressurization system of separate, material pressurization distribution system, supercritical reaction device system and gas-liquid separation sampling system, use split skid-mounted type structure, it is moved easily and installs, high pressure oxygen part and other parts can be separated, more safe and reasonable.
2, the Novel separated skid-mounted type supercritical water oxidation system of the present invention, by using bus-bar, decreases the use of flowmeter, reduces cost.
3, the Novel separated skid-mounted type supercritical water oxidation system of the present invention, reactor exit is reduced temperature by the cooling of desalted water, decreases the follow-up corrosion causing material.
Four split skid parts can be concentrated on a data acquisition and control platform by 4, the Novel separated skid-mounted type supercritical water oxidation system of the present invention, convenient control and operation.
5, design science of the present invention is reasonable, is used not only for small-scale sewage sludge processing item, and for reactor and the design of critical component nozzle and improving provide a set of easy for installation, simple to operate, run the pilot system of safety.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the frame principle figure of the gas pressurization system of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the frame principle figure of the material pressurization distribution system of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the frame principle figure of the supercritical reaction device system of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the frame principle figure of the gas-liquid separation sampling system of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below by specific embodiment, the invention will be further described, and following example are illustrative, is not determinate, it is impossible to limit protection scope of the present invention with this.
A kind of Novel separated skid-mounted type supercritical water oxidation system, this reaction system is made up of the gas pressurization system of separate, material pressurization distribution system, supercritical reaction device system and gas-liquid separation sampling system.Wherein, gas pressurization system is made up of oxidant storage tank, nitrogen storage tank, the first stop valve, the second stop valve, air compressor, booster pump, high-pressure gas cylinder and filter, oxidant storage tank, nitrogen storage tank are connected to booster pump by the first stop valve, the second stop valve respectively, air compressor drives booster pump that oxidant, nitrogen are carried out supercharging, booster pump outlet connects filter, filter outlet connects oxygen interface A, and booster pump connects high-pressure gas cylinder.Nitrogen is used for purging system.For the consideration of safety problem, gas pressurization system should be separated with other system, maintains a certain distance.Oxidant after gas pressurization system Stress control at 20-30MPa.
Material pressurization distribution system includes desalted water storage tank, fuel reservoir, sewage storage tank, first, second triple valve, first, second, third, fourth measuring pump, sewage storage tank is connected to sewage/desalted water interface B through the first measuring pump after being connected with desalted water storage tank by the first triple valve, fuel reservoir is connected to fuel/desalted water interface C through the second measuring pump after being connected with desalted water storage tank by the second triple valve, and desalted water storage tank connects desalted water interface D and desalted water interface E by the 3rd measuring pump, the 4th measuring pump respectively.Sewage and fuel are switched over desalted water by the first tee ball valve, the second tee ball valve respectively.Desalted water is further divided into two-way, and a road is used as the evaporation wall water of reactor, and another road is for the cooling water of reactor exit.
System start after, first pass through the second tee ball valve be switched to desalted water carry out heat up increase, reach 450-560 DEG C, 20-30MPa time be switched to fuel, fuel is carried out heat up pressurization.Fuel, sewage and desalted water all carry out traffic monitoring by measuring pump.Desalted water is divided into two-way, and a road connects desalted water interface E, and its flow-control, at 6-12L/h, is used for entering evaporation wall;Another road connects desalted water interface D, and its flow-control is at 220-280L/h, for the cooling of reactor exit.
Supercritical reaction device system is made up of first, second, third, fourth flow controller, first, second, third preheater, reactor, bus-bar, system back pressure valve;Sewage/desalted water interface B is connected to reactor by first flow controller, oxygen interface A is leaded up to second flow controller and is connected to reactor, oxygen interface A is separately leaded up to the 3rd flow controller, the first preheater and is connected to reactor, and fuel/desalted water interface C is connected to reactor by the 4th flow controller, the second preheater.Reactor is evaporation wall type reactor.Desalted water interface E is connected to reactor through the 3rd preheater, bus-bar, and desalted water interface D is connected to reactor, and reactor is connected to interface F by system back pressure valve.
The flow of fuel, oxygen and sewage is regulated by flow controller (flowmeter monitors, regulates valve), fuel flow rate controls at 4-8L/h, oxygen flux control is at 2-3Kg/h, oxygen is divided into two-way, one tunnel mixes with fuel after entering reactor, and a road mixes with sewage after entering reactor.Sewage before entering reactor need not heating, and before entering reactor, fuel and the oxygen mixed with fuel to preheat, and are preheating to 450-560 DEG C.The desalted water of the interface E being used as evaporation wall water first passes through preheater and is heated to 200-300 DEG C, is then passed through a bus-bar and desalted water is equally divided into the identical three road water entrance evaporation wall being about 2-4L/h of flow.The temperature in reactor exit, at 220-280L/h, is dropped to 50-90 DEG C by interface D flow-control.Pressure in each branch of desalted water, fuel and sewage is regulated and controled at 20-30MPa by the pump in reactor exit system back pressure valve and each branch.
Gas-liquid separation sample cyclic system is made up of gas-liquid separator, gas sampling mouth, liquid sample mouth, and interface F is connected to gas-liquid separator, and the gas vent of gas-liquid separator connects gas sampling mouth, and the liquid outlet of gas-liquid separator connects liquid sample mouth.
Gas sampling mouth and liquid sample mouth are respectively kept with gas discharge port and liquid discharge port, gas-liquid separator is entered from reactor material out, after gas-liquid separation, can be by thief hatch with carry out gas and liquid sample is monitored reaction, reacting gas and liquid and released by the anti-outlet of gas discharge port and liquid.
Gas pressurization system, material pressurization distribution system, supercritical reaction device system, four parts of gas-liquid separation sampling system are splits, between be attached by pipe fitting;These four parts all use skid form, are moved easily;The signal of four parts is integrated in a data acquisition and controls platform.In split skid-mounted type supercritical water oxidation system, reactor is monitored by camera, it is possible to find produced problem in course of reaction in time.
Although disclosing embodiments of the invention and accompanying drawing for the purpose of illustration, but it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that: without departing from the present invention and spirit and scope of the appended claims, various replacements, to change and modifications be all possible, therefore, the scope of the present invention is not limited to embodiment and accompanying drawing disclosure of that.