CN104444374B - A kind of powder low energy consumption high-pressure delivery equipment - Google Patents
A kind of powder low energy consumption high-pressure delivery equipment Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012717 electrostatic precipitator Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000423 heterosexual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 56
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 24
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011143 downstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003250 coal slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003031 feeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Air Transport Of Granular Materials (AREA)
- Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供一种粉体低能耗高压输送装备。提升管底部设有低压输送风入口、下部设有粉体入口，顶部通过快分与上料仓相连；提升管底部的低压输送风入口连接风机，下部的粉体入口与破碎机通过进料器相连；上料仓顶部气体出口设有气固分离器，气固分离器的料腿返回到上料仓中下部，上料仓的底部设有1-12个锥形料斗；锥形料斗上部侧壁设置进气孔，从锥形料斗中部到上料仓底部设置有流化气室，流化气室与风机通过旁路相连；每个锥形料斗的料腿通过阀门与粉体输送泵的上固定阀板异性孔相连，粉体输送泵的下固定阀板异性孔相连的下部料仓先后通过止回阀和阀门与高压喷射泵相连。
The invention provides low-energy-consumption and high-pressure conveying equipment for powder. There is a low-pressure conveying air inlet at the bottom of the riser, a powder inlet at the lower part, and the top is connected to the upper silo through quick separation; the low-pressure conveying air inlet at the bottom of the riser is connected to the fan, and the powder inlet at the lower part is connected to the crusher through the feeder Connected; the gas outlet on the top of the upper silo is provided with a gas-solid separator, and the material leg of the gas-solid separator returns to the middle and lower part of the upper silo, and the bottom of the upper silo is equipped with 1-12 conical hoppers; the upper side of the conical hopper The air inlet hole is set on the wall, and a fluidizing air chamber is set from the middle of the conical hopper to the bottom of the upper hopper, and the fluidizing air chamber is connected with the fan through a bypass; The upper fixed valve plate is connected to the opposite hole, and the lower silo connected to the lower fixed valve plate of the powder delivery pump is connected to the high pressure injection pump through the check valve and the valve successively.
Description
一、技术领域1. Technical field
本发明涉及煤化工领域，特别地，涉及煤粉气体输送。The invention relates to the field of coal chemical industry, in particular, to the transportation of pulverized coal gas.
二、背景技术2. Background technology
煤气化是煤的洁净与高效利用的龙头和关键技术。气流床加压气化是最近几十年发展起来的新型煤并流式气化技术，气化剂与煤粉或煤浆经喷嘴进入气化室，煤的热解、燃烧以及气化反应几乎同时进行，高温保证了煤高效气化，煤中的矿物质成为熔渣后离开气化炉。与其他气化技术相比，加压气流床气化温度高、处理能力大、气体有效成分高、气化效率高，是当今国际上最先进的煤气化技术之一、未来煤合成型气化技术的发展方向。Coal gasification is the leading and key technology for the clean and efficient utilization of coal. Entrained entrained gasification is a new type of co-current coal gasification technology developed in recent decades. The gasification agent and coal powder or coal slurry enter the gasification chamber through the nozzle, and the pyrolysis, combustion and gasification reactions of coal are almost At the same time, the high temperature ensures efficient coal gasification, and the minerals in the coal become slag and leave the gasifier. Compared with other gasification technologies, the pressurized entrained entrained bed gasification temperature is high, the processing capacity is large, the gas active components are high, and the gasification efficiency is high. It is one of the most advanced coal gasification technologies in the world today, and the future coal synthesis gasification The direction of technology development.
加压气流床气化压力较高，干煤粉加压气化采用高压氮气或CO2干粉密相管输，通过气化喷嘴进入气化炉，具有煤种适应性广、原料消耗低、碳转化率高、冷煤气效率高，气化炉结构以渣抗渣、寿命长等技术优势。在气化炉条件或煤种相同情况下，比水煤浆气化技术节氧16～21%，节煤2～4%，有效气成份高6～10个百分点。但是由于过高压力密相管输细煤粉会引起粉体流动特性发生变化，从而导致输送困难，影响装置稳定运行，因此目前干粉加压气化只能不大于4.0Mpa，且压力越高，气化炉稳定操作难度越大；加之由于高压密相管输，需要干燥煤粉水分小于1%，需要较大的干燥能耗；另外合成气还需要继续压缩加压才能用于下游合成工艺。从高压合成来看，干粉加压气化系统能耗高于水煤浆加压气化。The gasification pressure of the pressurized entrained bed is relatively high. The pressurized gasification of dry coal powder adopts high-pressure nitrogen or CO 2 dry powder dense-phase pipeline transportation, and enters the gasifier through the gasification nozzle. It has wide adaptability to coal types, low raw material consumption, and low carbon emissions. The conversion rate is high, the cold gas efficiency is high, and the gasifier structure has technical advantages such as slag resistance and long service life. Under the condition of the gasifier and the same type of coal, it can save 16-21% of oxygen and 2-4% of coal compared with coal-water slurry gasification technology, and the effective gas content is 6-10 percentage points higher. However, due to the fine coal powder transported by the dense-phase pipe at too high pressure, the flow characteristics of the powder will change, which will lead to difficulty in transportation and affect the stable operation of the device. Therefore, the current pressurized gasification of dry powder can only be no more than 4.0Mpa, and the higher the pressure, the higher the pressure. The more difficult it is to operate the gasifier stably; in addition, due to the high-pressure dense-phase pipeline transportation, the moisture content of the dry coal powder needs to be less than 1%, which requires a large amount of drying energy; in addition, the synthesis gas needs to be continuously compressed and pressurized before it can be used in the downstream synthesis process. From the perspective of high-pressure synthesis, the energy consumption of the dry powder pressurized gasification system is higher than that of the coal-water slurry pressurized gasification system.
为了解决干煤粉加压及连续输送的难题，Texaco公司首先创建了水煤浆气化工艺。与干煤粉进料方式比较，水煤浆进料具有的最大优势在于易于加压，商业化装置的操作压力等级一般在2.6～8.5MPa之间，便于满足多种下游工艺气体压力需求。高压气化不仅可以为甲醇、醋酸等下游工艺节约中间压缩工序，也降低了能耗；原料煤运输、制浆、泵送入炉系统比干粉煤加压气化简单，安全并容易控制、投资省；气化炉结构简单，为耐火砖衬里，制造方便、造价低。但是水煤浆中近40％的水蒸发需要吸收大量的热，从而使冷煤气效率降低，氧耗、煤耗增高；煤浆浓度对煤的成浆性有要求，对煤中的灰含量和灰熔融性有严格要求，这些要求造成了煤的选用范围变窄，特别是对于热值太低的劣质煤，水煤浆进料效果很差；气化炉耐火砖使用寿命较短，一般为1～2年；气化炉烧嘴使用寿命较短。In order to solve the problem of pressurization and continuous transportation of dry coal powder, Texaco first created the coal water slurry gasification process. Compared with the dry coal powder feeding method, the biggest advantage of coal water slurry feeding is that it is easy to pressurize. The operating pressure level of commercial equipment is generally between 2.6 and 8.5 MPa, which is convenient to meet the pressure requirements of various downstream processes. High-pressure gasification can not only save intermediate compression processes for downstream processes such as methanol and acetic acid, but also reduce energy consumption; raw coal transportation, pulping, and pumping into the furnace system are simpler, safer, and easier to control and invest than dry pulverized coal pressurized gasification Saving; the gasifier has a simple structure and is lined with refractory bricks, which is convenient to manufacture and low in cost. However, the evaporation of nearly 40% of the water in the coal-water slurry needs to absorb a large amount of heat, thereby reducing the efficiency of cold gas, increasing the consumption of oxygen and coal; There are strict requirements on melting properties, which narrow the selection range of coal, especially for low-quality coal with too low calorific value, the feeding effect of coal-water slurry is very poor; the service life of refractory bricks in gasifier is short, generally 1 ~2 years; gasifier burner life is short.
水煤浆加压气化和干煤粉加压气化各有优势，平分秋色。但如果解决了煤粉高压输送难题，煤粉水含量要求放宽、气化压力得到进一步提高，并且不用外部的高压氮气和CO2，高压气化剂既当稀相输送气又是雾化气和工作气，那么干煤粉加压气化将更具优势，能够大幅度降低合成型煤气化的能耗，增加煤化工的竞争力，也是煤气化技术获取跨越式突破的希望和热点之一。因此开发低能耗、操作简单、运行可靠、投资省的粉体高压输送工艺和装备是目前气流床气化技术亟待解决难题之一。CWS pressurized gasification and dry coal powder pressurized gasification each have their own advantages and are evenly divided. However, if the problem of high-pressure pulverized coal transportation is solved, the requirements for pulverized coal water content will be relaxed, the gasification pressure will be further increased, and no external high-pressure nitrogen and CO 2 will be used. Working gas, then dry pulverized coal pressurized gasification will have more advantages, can greatly reduce the energy consumption of synthetic coal gasification, increase the competitiveness of coal chemical industry, and is also one of the hopes and hotspots for coal gasification technology to achieve a leapfrog breakthrough. Therefore, the development of powder high-pressure conveying technology and equipment with low energy consumption, simple operation, reliable operation and low investment is one of the problems to be solved urgently in the current entrained bed gasification technology.
三、发明内容3. Contents of the invention
本发明的目的就是为了克服现有粉体密相高压输送工艺存在的缺陷和不足而提供一种粉体低能耗高压输送装备，具有输送压力高、流程简单、操作简便、运行可靠、能耗和投资低等优点，用于煤气化可满足产业部门的要求。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a powder low-energy high-pressure conveying equipment in order to overcome the defects and deficiencies existing in the existing powder dense-phase high-pressure conveying process, which has the advantages of high conveying pressure, simple process, easy operation, reliable operation, and low energy consumption. Low investment and other advantages, used in coal gasification can meet the requirements of industrial sectors.
本发明的技术方案：Technical scheme of the present invention:
本发明提供一种粉体高压输送装备，主要由风机、提升管、上料仓、气固分离器、锥形料斗、进气孔、料腿、上固定阀板、中间旋转阀体、中间料仓、下固定阀板、下部料仓、高压喷射泵、提升管顶部、低压输送风入口、粉体入口、破碎机、进料器、气体出口、流化气室、阀门、粉体输送泵、止回阀、快分组成。其特征在于提升管底部设有低压输送风入口、下部设有粉体入口，提升管顶部通过快分与上料仓相连；提升管底部的低压输送风入口连接风机，下部的粉体入口与破碎机通过进料器相连；上料仓顶部气体出口设有气固分离器，气固分离器的料腿返回到上料仓中下部，上料仓的底部设有1-12个锥形料斗；锥形料斗上部侧壁设置进气孔，从锥形料斗中部到上料仓底部设置有流化气室，将所有锥形料斗封闭在流化气室内，流化气室与风机通过旁路相连；粉体输送泵由上固定阀板、中间旋转阀体和下固定阀板通过中心轴串联组成，上下固定阀板和中间旋转阀体沿圆周开有1-20个、大小相同的异性孔，中间旋转阀体的异性孔形成了中间料仓；每个锥形料斗的料腿通过阀门与粉体输送泵的上固定阀板异性孔相连，粉体输送泵的下固定阀板异性孔相连的下部料仓先后通过止回阀和阀门与高压喷射泵相连。The invention provides a powder high-pressure conveying equipment, which is mainly composed of a fan, a riser, an upper material bin, a gas-solid separator, a conical hopper, an air inlet, a material leg, an upper fixed valve plate, an intermediate rotary valve body, an intermediate material Silo, lower fixed valve plate, lower silo, high-pressure jet pump, top of riser, low-pressure conveying air inlet, powder inlet, crusher, feeder, gas outlet, fluidization chamber, valve, powder conveying pump, It consists of check valve and quick release. It is characterized in that there is a low-pressure conveying air inlet at the bottom of the riser, and a powder inlet at the lower part, and the top of the riser is connected with the upper silo through quick separation; the low-pressure conveying air inlet at the bottom of the riser is connected to the fan, and the powder inlet at the lower part is connected with the crushing The machine is connected through the feeder; the gas outlet on the top of the upper silo is equipped with a gas-solid separator, and the legs of the gas-solid separator return to the middle and lower part of the upper silo, and the bottom of the upper silo is equipped with 1-12 conical hoppers; Air inlet holes are set on the side wall of the upper part of the conical hopper, and a fluidizing air chamber is set from the middle of the conical hopper to the bottom of the upper silo, all the conical hoppers are enclosed in the fluidizing air chamber, and the fluidizing air chamber is connected to the fan through a bypass ;The powder conveying pump is composed of upper fixed valve plate, middle rotary valve body and lower fixed valve plate connected in series through the central shaft. The upper and lower fixed valve plates and the middle rotary valve body have 1-20 opposite-shaped holes of the same size along the circumference. The opposite hole of the middle rotary valve body forms the middle bin; the material leg of each conical hopper is connected with the opposite hole of the upper fixed valve plate of the powder conveying pump through the valve, and the opposite hole of the lower fixed valve plate of the powder conveying pump is connected. The lower silo is connected with the high-pressure injection pump successively through the check valve and the valve.
风机可以是离心风机或罗茨风机，压力为0.003MPa-0.03MPa，输送高度为3m-50m。The fan can be a centrifugal fan or a Roots fan, the pressure is 0.003MPa-0.03MPa, and the conveying height is 3m-50m.
快分可以是离心旋风器、卧式惯旋、T型快分或弯管式快分。The quick separation can be a centrifugal cyclone, a horizontal inertial rotation, a T-type quick separation or a bent pipe quick separation.
进料器可以是星型旋转进料器、螺旋进料器或喷射进料器The feeder can be a star rotary feeder, screw feeder or jet feeder
上料仓粉体为为鼓泡流化态。The powder in the upper silo is in a bubbling fluidized state.
气固分离器可以是离心旋风器、卧式惯旋、布袋除尘器、静电除尘器或滤管除尘器。The gas-solid separator can be centrifugal cyclone, horizontal inertial cyclone, bag filter, electrostatic precipitator or filter tube filter.
高压喷射泵的输送气体压力为2.6MPa-10MPa，输送距离为0.1m-50m。The delivery gas pressure of the high-pressure jet pump is 2.6MPa-10MPa, and the delivery distance is 0.1m-50m.
四、附图说明4. Description of drawings
附图为本发明的结构示意图。Accompanying drawing is the structural representation of the present invention.
附图的图面设明如下：The drawings of the accompanying drawings are set as follows:
1.风机、2.提升管、3.上料仓、4.气固分离器、5.锥形料斗、6.进气孔、7.料腿、8.上固定阀板、9.中间旋转阀体、10.中间料仓、11.下固定阀板、12.下部料仓、13.高压喷射泵、14.提升管顶部、15.低压输送风入口、16.粉体入口、17.破碎机、18.进料器、19.气体出口、20.流化气室、21.阀门、22.粉体输送泵、23.中心轴、24.异型孔、25.止回阀、26.快分1. Fan, 2. Riser, 3. Upper silo, 4. Gas-solid separator, 5. Conical hopper, 6. Air inlet, 7. Material leg, 8. Upper fixed valve plate, 9. Middle rotation Valve body, 10. Intermediate silo, 11. Lower fixed valve plate, 12. Lower silo, 13. High-pressure jet pump, 14. Top of riser, 15. Low-pressure conveying air inlet, 16. Powder inlet, 17. Crushing Machine, 18. Feeder, 19. Gas outlet, 20. Fluidizing gas chamber, 21. Valve, 22. Powder conveying pump, 23. Central shaft, 24. Shaped hole, 25. Check valve, 26. Fast Minute
下面结合附图和实施例来详述本发明的结构特点。The structural features of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
五、具体实施方式5. Specific implementation
本发明提供一种粉体低能耗高压输送装备，主要由风机（1）、提升管（2）、上料仓（3）、气固分离器（4）、锥形料斗（5）、进气孔（6）、料腿（7）、上固定阀板（8）、中间旋转阀体（9）、中间料仓（10）、下固定阀板（11）、下部料仓（12）、高压喷射泵（13）、提升管顶部（14）、低压输送风入口（15）、粉体入口（16）、破碎机（17）、进料器（18）、气体出口（19）、流化气室（20）、阀门（21）、粉体输送泵（22）、中心轴（23）、异型孔（24）、止回阀（25）、快分（26）组成。其特征在于提升管（2）底部设有低压输送风入口（15）、下部设有粉体入口（16），提升管顶部（14）通过快分（26）与上料仓（3）相连；提升管（2）底部的低压输送风入口（15）连接风机（1），下部的粉体入口（16）与破碎机（17）通过进料器（18）相连；上料仓（3）顶部的气体出口（19）设有气固分离器（4），气固分离器（4）的料腿返回到上料仓（3）中下部，上料仓（3）的底部设有1-12个锥形料斗（5）；锥形料斗（5）上部侧壁设置进气孔（6），从锥形料斗（5）中部到上料仓（3）底部设置有流化气室（20），将所有锥形料斗（5）封闭在流化气室（20）内，流化气室（20）与风机（1）通过旁路相连；粉体输送泵（22）由上固定阀板（8）、中间旋转阀体（9）和下固定阀板（11）通过中心轴（23）串联组成，上下固定阀板和中间旋转阀体沿圆周开有1-20个、大小相同的异性孔（24），中间旋转阀体（9）的异性孔（24）形成了中间料仓（10）；每个锥形料斗（5）的料腿（7）通过阀门（21）与粉体输送泵（22）的上固定阀板（8）异性孔（24）相连，粉体输送泵（22）的下固定阀板（11）异性孔（24）相连的下部料仓（12）先后通过止回阀（25）和阀门（21）与高压喷射泵（13）相连。The invention provides a low-energy-consumption high-pressure conveying equipment for powder, which mainly consists of a fan (1), a riser (2), an upper hopper (3), a gas-solid separator (4), a conical hopper (5), an air inlet Hole (6), material leg (7), upper fixed valve plate (8), middle rotary valve body (9), middle silo (10), lower fixed valve plate (11), lower hopper (12), high pressure Jet pump (13), riser top (14), low-pressure delivery air inlet (15), powder inlet (16), crusher (17), feeder (18), gas outlet (19), fluidization gas Chamber (20), valve (21), powder conveying pump (22), central shaft (23), special-shaped hole (24), check valve (25), quick separation (26). It is characterized in that the bottom of the riser (2) is provided with a low-pressure conveying air inlet (15), the lower part is provided with a powder inlet (16), and the top of the riser (14) is connected to the upper material bin (3) through a quick separation (26); The low-pressure conveying air inlet (15) at the bottom of the riser (2) is connected to the fan (1), and the powder inlet (16) at the lower part is connected to the crusher (17) through the feeder (18); The gas outlet (19) is provided with a gas-solid separator (4), and the material leg of the gas-solid separator (4) returns to the middle and lower part of the upper silo (3), and the bottom of the upper silo (3) is provided with 1-12 A conical hopper (5); the upper side wall of the conical hopper (5) is provided with an air inlet (6), and a fluidizing air chamber (20) is provided from the middle of the conical hopper (5) to the bottom of the upper silo (3) , all the conical hoppers (5) are sealed in the fluidization air chamber (20), and the fluidization air chamber (20) is connected with the fan (1) through a bypass; the powder delivery pump (22) is fixed by the upper valve plate ( 8), the middle rotary valve body (9) and the lower fixed valve plate (11) are connected in series through the central shaft (23), and the upper and lower fixed valve plates and the middle rotary valve body have 1-20 opposite-shaped holes of the same size along the circumference (24), the heterosexual hole (24) of the middle rotary valve body (9) forms the middle silo (10); the material leg (7) of each conical hopper (5) passes through the valve (21) and the powder conveying pump The upper fixed valve plate (8) of the (22) is connected to the opposite hole (24), and the lower silo (12) connected to the lower fixed valve plate (11) of the powder delivery pump (22) and the opposite hole (24) passes through the non-return Valve (25) and valve (21) are connected with high-pressure injection pump (13).
风机（1）可以是离心风机或罗茨风机，压力为0.003MPa-0.03MPa，输送高度为3m-50m。The fan (1) can be a centrifugal fan or a Roots fan, the pressure is 0.003MPa-0.03MPa, and the conveying height is 3m-50m.
快分（26）可以是离心旋风器、卧式惯旋、T型快分或弯管式快分。The fast separation (26) can be a centrifugal cyclone, a horizontal inertial rotation, a T-type fast separation or an elbow type fast separation.
进料器（18）可以是星型旋转进料器、螺旋进料器或喷射进料器The feeder (18) can be a star rotary feeder, screw feeder or jet feeder
上料仓（3）粉体为为鼓泡流化态。The powder in the upper silo (3) is in a bubbling fluidized state.
气固分离器（4）可以是离心旋风器、卧式惯旋、布袋除尘器、静电除尘器或滤管除尘器。The gas-solid separator (4) can be a centrifugal cyclone, a horizontal inertial cyclone, a bag filter, an electrostatic precipitator or a filter tube dust collector.
高压喷射泵（13）的输送气体压力为2.6MPa-10MPa，输送距离为0.1m-50m。The delivery gas pressure of the high-pressure jet pump (13) is 2.6MPa-10MPa, and the delivery distance is 0.1m-50m.
实施例1，具体运行时，破碎机（17）将粉煤粉碎成小于150μm的细煤粉后，利用风机（1）的大量气体通过低压输送风入口（15）进入提升管（2），将从提升管（2）下部的粉体入口（16）加入的细煤粉输送到提升管顶部（14），然后通过快分（26）将细煤粉输送到上料仓（3），输送的气体通过气固分离器（4）回收细煤粉后外排。风机（1）的少量气体通过旁路接入到流化气室（20），然后从锥形料斗（5）上部侧壁进气孔（6）喷入使上料仓（3）中细煤粉形成流化态，细煤粉流入锥形料斗（5）料腿（7），通过阀门（21）流到粉体输送泵（22）上固定阀板（8）的异性孔中；当上固定阀板（8）和中间旋转阀体（9）的异型孔（24）交叉和重合时，细煤粉通过上固定阀板（8）的异型孔（24）流入粉体输送泵中间旋转阀体（9）的中间料仓（10）；装有细煤粉料的中间料仓（10）围绕主心轴（23）快速水平旋转，经过密封面将细煤粉转移到与下固定阀板（11）开孔相连的下部料仓（12）；下部料仓（12）的细煤粉先后通过止回阀（25）和阀门（21）流到高压喷射泵（13），被高压气化稀相输送到粉煤加压气化炉中雾化和气化，从而实现了细煤粉从低压到高压的交错排料输送，既解决了密相管输细煤粉由于过高压力会引起细煤粉流动特性发生变化，从而导致输送困难，影响装置稳定运行的难题；又降低了对煤粉水含量的苛刻要求，从而减少了干燥能耗；还低压下实现了一点输送、多点出料，大幅度降低了投资和工艺复杂性、操作安全并容易控制。Example 1, during specific operation, after the pulverized coal is crushed into fine coal powders smaller than 150 μm by the pulverizer (17), a large amount of gas from the fan (1) enters the riser (2) through the low-pressure delivery air inlet (15), and the The fine coal powder added from the powder inlet (16) at the lower part of the riser (2) is conveyed to the top of the riser (14), and then the fine coal powder is conveyed to the upper hopper (3) through the quick separation (26). The gas passes through the gas-solid separator (4) to recover the fine coal powder and then discharges. A small amount of gas from the fan (1) is connected to the fluidization gas chamber (20) through a bypass, and then injected into the air inlet (6) on the upper side wall of the conical hopper (5) to make the fine coal in the upper hopper (3) The powder forms a fluidized state, and the fine coal powder flows into the conical hopper (5) material leg (7), and flows through the valve (21) into the opposite hole of the fixed valve plate (8) on the powder delivery pump (22); When the special-shaped hole (24) of the fixed valve plate (8) and the middle rotary valve body (9) intersect and overlap, fine coal powder flows into the middle rotary valve of the powder delivery pump through the special-shaped hole (24) of the upper fixed valve plate (8) The intermediate silo (10) of the body (9); the intermediate silo (10) containing fine coal powder rotates quickly and horizontally around the main spindle (23), and transfers the fine coal powder to the lower fixed valve plate through the sealing surface. (11) The lower silo (12) connected by openings; the fine coal powder in the lower silo (12) flows through the check valve (25) and the valve (21) to the high-pressure jet pump (13) successively, and is gasified by high pressure The dilute phase is transported to the pulverized coal pressurized gasifier for atomization and gasification, thereby realizing the staggered discharge and transportation of fine coal powder from low pressure to high pressure, which not only solves the problem of fine coal powder transported by dense phase pipes due to excessive pressure The flow characteristics of pulverized coal change, which leads to difficulty in transportation and affects the stable operation of the device; it also reduces the stringent requirements on the water content of pulverized coal, thereby reducing the energy consumption of drying; it also realizes one-point transportation and multi-point discharge under low pressure , greatly reducing investment and process complexity, safe operation and easy control.
风机（1）压力为0.02MPa，输送高度为20m。The pressure of the fan (1) is 0.02MPa, and the conveying height is 20m.
上料仓（3）粉体为为鼓泡流化态。The powder in the upper silo (3) is in a bubbling fluidized state.
高压喷射泵（13）的输送气体压力为2.6MPa-10MPa，输送距离为0.5m喷入气流床加压气化炉发生气化反应。The pressure of the gas delivered by the high-pressure jet pump (13) is 2.6MPa-10MPa, and the delivery distance is 0.5m. The gas is injected into the entrained-bed pressurized gasifier for gasification reaction.
实施例2：将煤粉替换为焦粉，风机（1）压力为0.03MPa，输送高度为50m，其余不变。Example 2: Coal powder is replaced by coke powder, the pressure of the fan (1) is 0.03MPa, the conveying height is 50m, and the rest remain unchanged.
本发明所提供的粉体低能耗高压输送设备，通过低压提升、流化态分料输出，水平旋转交错排料，利用高压工作气通过高压喷射泵抽吸输送，粉体流动性能几乎不受气体压力变化影响，且对煤粉水含量的要求苛刻度大大降低，从源头上解决了密相管输细粉体由于过高压力会引起粉体流动特性发生变化，从而导致输送困难、影响装置稳定运行的难题，避免了使用外部的高压氮气或CO2、增加成本以及粉体需要过度干燥、能耗高的重大缺陷。从中试结果看，相对粉体高压密相管输，节能70%以上，降低输送成本和投资50%以上。The powder low-energy and high-pressure conveying equipment provided by the present invention adopts low-pressure lifting, fluidized state material distribution and output, horizontal rotation and staggered discharge, and high-pressure working gas is used to pump and transport through high-pressure jet pumps, and the powder flow performance is hardly affected by gas. Influenced by pressure changes, and the requirements for the water content of pulverized coal are greatly reduced, which solves the problem of fine powder transported by dense-phase pipes from the source. Due to excessive pressure, the flow characteristics of the powder will change, resulting in difficulty in transportation and affecting the stability of the device. Difficulties in operation, avoiding the major defects of using external high-pressure nitrogen or CO 2 , increasing costs, excessive drying of powder, and high energy consumption. According to the pilot test results, compared with powder high-pressure dense-phase pipeline transportation, it can save energy by more than 70%, and reduce transportation costs and investment by more than 50%.
在低压上料斗中通过流态化实现了一点输送、多点出料，大幅度降低了投资和设备复杂性；水平旋转的粉体输送泵交错排料，工作气高压喷射泵抽吸稀相输送，低能耗地实现了实现了粉体从低压到高压的稀相输送，操作安全并容易控制，避免了外部气体的污染，密封性强，输送压力高达10MPa，远远高于目前的密相管输细粉体的4.0Mpa,与水浆输送技术可以相媲美，用于干煤粉加压气化，气化剂高压稀相输送和雾化，大幅度的降低合成型煤气化的能耗，增加干煤粉加压气化以及煤化工的竞争力，使煤气化技术得到跨越式突破。In the low-pressure upper hopper, one-point conveying and multi-point discharge are realized through fluidization, which greatly reduces investment and equipment complexity; horizontally rotating powder conveying pumps staggered discharge, and working gas high-pressure jet pump sucks dilute phase conveying , with low energy consumption, the dilute phase transportation of powder from low pressure to high pressure is realized, the operation is safe and easy to control, avoiding the pollution of external air, the sealing is strong, and the transportation pressure is as high as 10MPa, which is much higher than the current dense phase tube The 4.0Mpa fine powder conveying technology is comparable to the water slurry conveying technology. It is used for pressurized gasification of dry coal powder, high-pressure dilute phase conveying and atomization of gasification agent, and greatly reduces the energy consumption of synthetic coal gasification. Increase the competitiveness of dry pulverized coal pressurized gasification and coal chemical industry, and make a leapfrog breakthrough in coal gasification technology.
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| CN2509139Y (en) * | 2001-12-07 | 2002-09-04 | 天津市阿斯米机械设备制造安装工程有限公司 | Efficient powder materials conveying machinery |
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