CN104441321A - Surface treatment method of paper for composite material - Google Patents
Surface treatment method of paper for composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN104441321A CN104441321A CN201410498702.7A CN201410498702A CN104441321A CN 104441321 A CN104441321 A CN 104441321A CN 201410498702 A CN201410498702 A CN 201410498702A CN 104441321 A CN104441321 A CN 104441321A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a surface treatment method for paper for a composite material, and relates to a surface treatment method of paper, which is used for solving the technical problems that a paper strengthening body in the composite material for paper strengthening can absorb moisture easily, and is poor in compatibility with a resin matrix. The method comprises the steps of carrying out plasma treatment on to-be-treated paper, then coating a silane coupling agent solution on the surface, and drying. The paper treated by the paper can act as a strengthening body of a resin-based composite material.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the surface treatment method of paper.
Background technology
At present, the application of composite is day by day extensive, carbon fiber, glass fibre, kevlar fiber etc. all cash out excellent performance as the composite that reinforcing material obtains in specific modulus, elastic modelling quantity, specific strength, tensile strength etc., be widely used in the field such as space flight and aviation, automobile industry, but glass fibre and carbon fibre composite are while bringing convenience to human lives, bring the new problem such as shortage of resources, recycling and ambient influnence to the mankind again.String strengthen resin composite materials be utilize natural reproducible string and resin matrix to be composited a kind of advanced composite material (ACM) as the epoxy resin composite material taking natural plant fibre as reinforcement, the application for resin composite materials opens new approach.The paper be wherein prepared from using natural plant fibre is as the composite of reinforcement, because string opens low price, wide material sources, greatly can reduce the cost of composite, but the composite of strengthening for paper exists because of the easy moisture absorption of strengthening for paper body, simultaneously again because the natural plant fibre in paper has stronger polarity, and resin is apolar substance, polarity is different, and make strengthening for paper body and resin matrix poor compatibility, the interface glue performance of the composite that paper is strengthened by force is poor, and the application of paper in resin composite materials is restricted.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is that in the composite that will solve existing strengthening for paper, paper increases by force the easy moisture absorption of body and the technical problem of poor compatibility with resin matrix, and provides the surface treatment method of composite paper.
The surface treatment method of composite paper of the present invention carries out according to the following steps:
One, pending paper is positioned over modification indoor, then modification room is vacuumized;
Two, the gas for generation of plasma is passed into modification indoor;
Three, start plasma producing apparatus, make the action of plasma of generation in paper surface, carry out plasma treatment;
Four, with water and/or alcohol for solvent, silane coupler is made into the solution that mass percentage concentration is 0.5% ~ 1% concentration, is applied to the paper surface through step 3 process, after drying, complete the surface treatment of composite paper.
Method of the present invention is in high vacuum environment, forms high-octane plasma by plasma producing apparatus, bombards the surface of paper, for oxygen, illustrates, on the surface of paper, following physicochemical change occurs:
(1) the part macromolecular chain of paper surface disconnects, and forms the free radical that chemical reactivity is high;
(2) oxygen atoms existed with plasmoid and the free radical such as ion, rapidly and the combined with radical of paper surface, form new chemical bond;
(3) paper surface is bombarded and is etched, and microstructure, by smooth roughening, is conducive to the infiltration of Lauxite, epoxy resin or unsaturated polyester resin.Silane coating coupling agent layer, more improves paper and resin boundary surface glue performance.
The inventive method, paper carries out after surface treatment through plasma, paper fibre configuration of surface there occurs marked change, during using oxygen as plasma-generating source, introduce multiple oxy radical, make surface easily viscosity and hydrophily enhancing, be conducive to bonding, coating, make paper and resin carry out better compound, obtain the composite that performance is higher.
Method of the present invention also has that technique is simple, easy to operate, process velocity is fast, treatment effect is good, cost is low, not easily causes environmental pollution, the advantage such as energy-conservation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the plasma treatment procedure schematic diagram of test 1.In figure, 1 is modification source of the gas, and 2 is pressure-reducing valve, and 3 is flowmeter, and 4 is modification room, and 5 is modification chamber cap, and 6 is open containers, and 7 is pending paper, and 8 is vavuum pump, and 9 is plasma generator;
Fig. 2 is the SEM figure of sample 0 ' Tensile fracture in embodiment 1;
Fig. 3 is the SEM figure of sample 1 ' Tensile fracture in embodiment 1;
Fig. 4 is the SEM figure of sample 2 ' Tensile fracture in embodiment 1;
Fig. 5 is the SEM figure of sample 3 ' Tensile fracture in embodiment 1;
Fig. 6 is the SEM figure of sample 4 ' Tensile fracture in embodiment 1;
Fig. 7 is the SEM figure of sample 5 ' Tensile fracture in embodiment 1.
Detailed description of the invention
Detailed description of the invention one: the surface treatment method of the composite paper of present embodiment carries out according to the following steps:
One, pending paper is positioned over modification indoor, then modification room is vacuumized;
Two, the gas for generation of plasma is passed into modification indoor;
Three, start plasma producing apparatus, make the action of plasma of generation in paper surface, carry out plasma treatment;
Four, with water and/or alcohol for solvent, silane coupler is made into the solution that mass percentage concentration is 0.5% ~ 1%, is applied to the paper surface through step 3 process, after drying, complete the surface treatment of composite paper.
Detailed description of the invention two: the vacuum after present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one vacuumize unlike modification room in step one is 5 ~ 30Pa.Other is identical with detailed description of the invention one.
In present embodiment, the vacuum degree of modification room is less, is more easy to form plasma, and process intensity is higher.
Detailed description of the invention three: the vacuum after present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one vacuumize unlike modification room in step one is 6 ~ 20Pa.Other is identical with detailed description of the invention one.
Detailed description of the invention four: one of present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one to three are ammonia, oxygen, inert gas or air unlike the gas for generation of plasma in step 2.Other is identical with one of detailed description of the invention one to three.
The plasma produced in present embodiment is cold plasma.Described inert gas is nitrogen or helium.
Detailed description of the invention five: one of present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one to four are RF plasma generator or microwave plasma-generator unlike plasma producing apparatus in step 3.Other is identical with one of detailed description of the invention one to four.
In present embodiment, plasma generator provides environment to the occurring source such as oxygen, nitrogen for generation of plasma gas, makes it become plasma.
Detailed description of the invention six: one of present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one to five are 50 ~ 500W unlike the processing power of step 3 intermediate ion body generating means.Other is identical with one of detailed description of the invention one to five.
In present embodiment, the power of plasma generator is larger, and process intensity is higher.
Detailed description of the invention seven: one of present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one to five are 100 ~ 300W unlike the processing power of step 3 intermediate ion body generating means.Other is identical with one of detailed description of the invention one to five.
Detailed description of the invention eight: the processing time that one of present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one to seven act on paper surface unlike plasma in step 3 is 0.5 ~ 25min.Other is identical with one of detailed description of the invention one to seven.
Detailed description of the invention nine: the processing time that one of present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one to seven act on paper surface unlike plasma in step 3 is 20min.Other is identical with one of detailed description of the invention one to seven.
Detailed description of the invention ten: one of present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one to nine are 0.8% unlike the mass percentage concentration of silane coupler in step 4.Other is identical with one of detailed description of the invention one to nine.
Detailed description of the invention 11: one of present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one to ten draw together typographic printing paper, newsprint, offset paper, art paper, magazine paper, cover paper, embossed paper, India paper, writing paper, white board or brown paper unlike described paper bag.Other is identical with one of detailed description of the invention one to ten.
Verify beneficial effect of the present invention by the following examples:
Embodiment 1:(is with reference to accompanying drawing 1) surface treatment method of the composite paper of the present embodiment carries out according to the following steps:
One, pending newspaper 7 is positioned over the opening plexiglass box 6 of modification indoor, then the absolute pressure be evacuated in vacuum chamber is 15Pa by modification room 4;
Two, oxygen is passed in modification room 4 with the flow of 40m1/min;
Three, plasma generator 9 is started, the power of plasma generator is 100W, make the action of plasma of generation in paper surface, carry out plasma treatment 5min (sample 1), 10min (sample 2), 20min (sample 3), 30min (sample 4), 40min (sample 5) respectively;
Four, take ethanol as solvent, silane coupler is made into the solution that mass percentage concentration is 0.5%, be applied to the newspaper surface through step 3 process, after drying, complete the surface treatment of composite newspaper.
Under the swabbing action of vavuum pump, indoor formation high vacuum environment (vacuum: 15Pa) of modification; Modification source is oxygen, after pressure-reducing valve decompression, is controlled by flowmeter with the flow of 40m1/min (due to vacuum level requirements, flow is less, in order to avoid vavuum pump load is too large).Test shows, as long as there is oxygen to enter, flow is more little more easily reaches set vacuum, also saves treatment media simultaneously.Vacuum is key parameter, and uninterrupted finally also will meet the requirement of vacuum.) entering modification indoor, the indoor placement plasma generator of modification and opening plexiglass box, contain pending newspaper in plexiglass box.Cover modification chamber cap, under the high vacuum environment of 15Pa, the power regulating plasma generator is 100W, and oxygen molecule is dissociated into the cold plasma comprising high reaction activity free radical, and newspaper accepts high activity plasma treatment.
This test newspaper is after oxygen gas plasma process and coating processing, ruptured to the lower-C-C-key of water affinity originally in newspaper surface, and carry out chemical graft with oxygen gas plasma, form polar group (comprising :-C=O dials base ,-COOH shuttle base), surface C-C/C-H linkage content reduces by 35%, and oxy radical (C-O/C=O/-COOH etc.) improves 26%, there is Si in addition, the elements such as K, Na, show that newspaper surface obtains effectively etching and chemical bond restructuring.
Through newspaper surface, the wetability of epoxy resin is tested, the infiltration angle of untreated paper surface and epoxy resin is 10 ° ~ 15 °, and after plasma treatment, epoxy resin thorough impregnation paper, the complete wetting time is 5s ~ 10s, and the time that the polar group formed keeps active in normal temperature air is about 10 days.Because angle of wetting change, polar group are formed and surface etch effect, the interface glue performance of treated newspaper and resin adhesive improves.
The time of the plasma treatment of sample 1,2,3,4 and 5 lengthens successively, and after process, the complete wetting time reduces with the increase in processing time.
Sample 1,2,3,4,5 and untreated newspaper are carried out extension test, and result is as shown in table 1,
The hot strength of table 1 newspaper sample
| Untreated newspaper | Sample 1 | Sample 2 | Sample 3 | Sample 4 | Sample 5 | |
| Hot strength (MPa) | 0.45 | 0.49 | 0.52 | 0.57 | 0.51 | 0.40 |
Stretched test can be known, the hot strength of the newspaper do not processed is 0.45MPa, the hot strength of the sample after process has had obvious lifting, the hot strength of sample 3 is 0.57MPa, more untreated hot strength have an appointment 25% lifting, but along with the growth in processing time, sample 5, its performance has had certain reduction, under the condition of the present embodiment, therefore process the best results of 20min.
Newspaper sample 1,2,3,4 and 5 through the present embodiment process is applied epoxy resin respectively, folded 10 layers, temperature be 120 DEG C, pressure be the condition of 5MPa under after solidification, obtain composite 1 ', 2 ', 3 ', 4 ' and 5 ' successively.Undressed newspaper is also prepared composite at identical conditions simultaneously, be designated as 0 '.The mechanical performance of test compound material, the data obtained are listed in table 2.
The mechanical strength of the composite of the newspaper after table 2 processes and the preparation of untreated newspaper
As can be seen from Table 1, after plasma treatment, the mechanical strength of sample all has raising in various degree.The combination property of the sample of plasma treatment 20min is best.
Fig. 2,3,4,5,6,7 is followed successively by the SEM figure that sample 0 ', 1 ', 2 ', 3 ', 4 ' and 5 ' carries out the section after extension test, and as can be seen from figure therefrom, before and after paper process, incision position paper fibre and interface topography have a greater change.Fig. 2 is the cross-section morphology of the untreated composite sample 0 ' of paper, and on its fracture interface, seriously, interfacial separation is obvious for fiber and MATRIX CRACKING phenomenon, there is the fiber of a large amount of pull-off, extract length longer, the fiber surface extracted is bright and clean, and adhered resin is few, the interface cohesion of illustrative material is very poor, under external force, fiber and Matrix separation, cause a large amount of Interface Crackings, spike protein gene to such material, hinder Stress transmit, integral material occur very soon along fiber axis to failure by shear.Fig. 3 is the fracture apperance of paper through the composite of 5min plasma treatment of 1 ' sample, and fiber and interlaminar resin still ftracture, but the length of extracting of fiber diminishes, containing a small amount of resin mass on the fiber surface extracted.Fig. 4 is the fracture apperance of paper through the composite of 10min plasma treatment of 2 ' sample, Interface Cracking phenomenon obviously tails off, but there is the fiber pull-out of larger amt, the fiber surface extracted has a small amount of resin adheres, length is shorter, fibrous fracture relatively neat, after paper plasma treatment is described, the interfacial adhesion of its composite is improved.Fig. 5 is the composite SEM of paper after 20min plasma treatment of 3 ' sample, and Interface Cracking reduces, and fracture surface can be seen into the resin matrix of block, and fiber pull-out phenomenon reduces, and fibrous fracture is more neat.Fig. 6 is the fracture SEM of paper composite after 30min plasma treatment of 4 ' sample, and Interface Cracking phenomenon is comparatively serious, and laminar shear vestige appears in the fiber fracture extracted.Fig. 7 is the fracture apperance of composite after 40min plasma treatment of 5 ' sample, and Interface Cracking phenomenon is serious, and the visible processing time is long, and the interface performance of paper composite material is deteriorated, and is the optimization process time when therefore the processing time is 20min.
Embodiment 2:: air-treatment newspaper
Adjustment modification room vacuum is 20Pa, modification source is air, flow is 30ml/min, plasma generator power is 200W, processing time 30min, and all the other processing procedures and parameter are with embodiment 1.Newspaper after air plasma process, its surface is reduced to 0 ° to the angle of wetting of epoxy resin from 12.5 °, and the thorough impregnation time is about 10s, and the time that the polar group formed keeps active in normal temperature air is about 10 days.Because angle of wetting change, polar group are formed and surface etch effect, the interface glue performance of treated newspaper and resin adhesive improves.The newspaper processed through embodiment 2 and the mechanical strength of untreated newspaper are listed in table 3.
The mechanical strength of the newspaper that table 3 processes through embodiment 2
Embodiment 3: ammonia handling of paper
Adjustment modification room vacuum is 20Pa, modification source is ammonia, flow is 30ml/min, plasma generator power is 200W, processing time 10min, and all the other processing procedures and parameter are with embodiment 1.Paper after ammonia plasmas process, its surface is reduced to 0 ° to the angle of wetting of epoxy resin from 12.4 °, and the thorough impregnation time is about 7s, and the time that the polar group formed keeps active in normal temperature air is about 10 days.Because angle of wetting change, polar group are formed and surface etch effect, the interface glue performance of treated paper and resin adhesive improves.The newspaper processed through embodiment 3 and the mechanical strength of untreated newspaper are listed in table 4.
The mechanical strength of the newspaper that table 4 processes through embodiment 3 and untreated newspaper
Claims (10)
1. the surface treatment method of composite paper, is characterized in that the method is carried out according to the following steps:
One, pending paper is positioned over modification indoor, then modification room is vacuumized;
Two, the gas for generation of plasma is passed into modification indoor;
Three, start plasma producing apparatus, make the action of plasma of generation in paper surface, carry out plasma treatment;
Four, with water and/or alcohol for solvent, silane coupler is made into the solution that mass percentage concentration is 0.5% ~ 1%, is applied to the paper surface through step 3 process, after drying, complete the surface treatment of composite paper.
2. the surface treatment method of composite paper according to claim 1, it is characterized in that modification room in step one vacuumize after air pressure be 5 ~ 30Pa.
3. the surface treatment method of composite paper according to claim 1, it is characterized in that modification room in step one vacuumize after air pressure be 6 ~ 20Pa.
4. the surface treatment method of composite paper according to claim 1 and 2, to is characterized in that in step 2 for generation of the gas of plasma it being ammonia, oxygen, inert gas or air.
5. the surface treatment method of composite paper according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that in step 3, plasma producing apparatus is RF plasma generator or microwave plasma-generator.
6. the surface treatment method of composite paper according to claim 5, is characterized in that the processing power of RF plasma generator or microwave plasma-generator is 50 ~ 500W.
7. the surface treatment method of composite paper according to claim 5, is characterized in that the processing power of RF plasma generator or microwave plasma-generator is 100 ~ 300W.
8. the surface treatment method of composite paper according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that the processing time that plasma in step 3 acts on paper surface is 0.5 ~ 25min.
9. the surface treatment method of composite paper according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that the processing time that plasma in step 3 acts on paper surface is 20min.
10. the surface treatment method of composite paper according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that described paper bag draws together typographic printing paper, newsprint, offset paper, art paper, magazine paper, cover paper, embossed paper, India paper, writing paper, white board or brown paper.
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| CN109468881A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-03-15 | 合肥绿普包装材料有限公司 | A method of improving stone paper packaging material printing quality |
| CN110284354A (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2019-09-27 | 合肥宜果科技服务有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of biomass packing board |
| CN113119528A (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2021-07-16 | 福建农林大学 | Method for manufacturing waterproof straw |
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| CN113119528A (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2021-07-16 | 福建农林大学 | Method for manufacturing waterproof straw |
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Application publication date: 20150325 |