CN1044410C - Pointers separately controlled electric clock - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a pointer separate control type electronic clock which is composed of a clock shell, two or three stepping motors, a transmission mechanism, a pointer and a control circuit, wherein the transmission mechanism is provided with a worm and worm wheel pair. Every pointer is respectively driven by a corresponding motor and the transmission mechanism, and the worm is made by winding steel wires on a worm shaft. A remote control box of the control circuit is separated from a clock and can be remotely controlled by one clock or a plurality of clocks. The present invention is provided with a rolling blind mechanism to avoid indicating wrong time when malfunction occurs in the clock, the present invention is controlled by a single chip microprocessor, and the position of the pointer is detected by a Hall transducer. The present invention has the advantages of high timing precision, quick and accurate time correction and large pointer turning moment and can be widely used for an occasion that controlling and controlled clocks with high precision are used for timing or a large-sized clock and a building clock are used for timing.

Description

Pointers separately controlled electric clock

The invention belongs to the timing clock and watch, more clearly saying so is used for the pointer electron clock of accurate timing in occasions such as office, school, hotel, naval vessel, airport, station, square and families.

Mechanical clock is by clockwork spring or segregation drive gear train, during drive, the minute, second pointer rotates express time.Its poor accuracy has very complicated train, and the error of accumulation can not be revised easily.Electronic clock has the little characteristics of accumulated error, but because of the precision class of quartz crystal is generally not high, the error of long-term accumulation is also bigger, generally greater than 1 second/month.The precision of quartz crystal of coveting will cause the raising of cost, promote also economical inadequately.In addition, the consistance between some electronic clocks is also relatively poor.

The synchronized clocks cost in past is low, precision is high, easy control, consistance are also fine, but that it mostly is greatly is digital.The synchronized clocks of pointer-type remains in following shortcoming: 1, still adopt traditional train speed change.The electric pulse that master clock comes only drives second hand, and hour hands and minute hand roller are variable speed drives, in the time of can not arbitrarily adjusting, the position of minute, second pin.In addition, train self driving error is also big, and the moment of torsion of transmission is less.2, during the alignment time, follow the tracks of by eye-observation, at leisure the time, the minute, second stylus alignment, bothersome, time-consuming and calibration error is big.Even 3 increase the position detecting mechanism of second hands, because of the time, between the minute, second three by mechanically contact, still can not realize the random adjustment of three pointers.

Application number is that 90102678.6 patented claim discloses a kind of clock and watch that have two motors at least, its pointer each by a direct motor drive, do not adopt traditional train transmission.But this structure only is applicable to two pin clock and watch basically, and to three pin clock and watch, its thickness space will increase greatly; The armature spindle of its motor is the tooth axle, but this has just determined it is de-rotation, needs the pointer counterweight, and moment is little, need be special, and the cost height, the scope of application is little; And there is not the pointer position supervisory circuit, even the timing error of pointer indication also can't be corrected.In addition, No. 90102678.6 patented claims are Stepping Motor Control mode openly, and it is unknown whether can to implement the reader.But, make two stepper motors more, more easily realize with the control circuit of synchronous coordination mapping mode operation.

Purpose of the present invention is to overcome above-mentioned shortcoming and defect, provides a kind of traditional gear train assembly of having abandoned, the accuracy of timekeeping height; In the time of can arbitrarily adjusting rapidly, three pointers of minute, second, fast and accurate during the school; The pointer driving torque is big; Can be combined into the synchronized clocks of arbitrary number, time consistency is good; The clock and watch thickness space is little; The stepper motor that uses does not have special construction, and the scope of application is big; Can prevent the misdirection time; The Stepping Motor Control mode is reliable, accurate, sensitive; And the pointer electron clock that cost is lower, volume is less.

In order to achieve the above object, pointers separately controlled electric clock of the present invention is by the clock shell, be installed in two or three stepper motors in the clock shell, be installed in the clock shell with the axle binding of stepper motor and with the separately-driven gear train of stepper motor, be installed in the clock shell link with gear train and with stepper motor through gear train is separately-driven can indicate respectively the time, the pointer of minute, second, pointer position testing circuit and the control circuit that stepper motor is controlled constituted.In other words, the present invention includes two or three independently pointer drive systems, every cover pointer drive system comprises a stepper motor and gear train.Gear train by with the axle of stepper motor with screw is connected the worm screw that is fastened on the same axial line, and the worm gear of worm mesh constituted, worm gear and pointer are fixed together.Gear train has two cover or three covers, with two or three stepper motors drive respectively and and then when driving respectively, divide two or the time, three pointers of minute, second.The axis of gear train worm screw intersects each other into 120 degree.The worm screw of this configuration can avoid disposing up and down, thereby can significantly reduce thickness space of the present invention, makes it to make thin type.Worm screw, Worm wheel transmission mechanism transmission speed ratio moment of torsion big, that transmit is big and be unidirectional delivery, thereby can realize that one-level slows down, and especially can be used for making large-scale and ultra-large type clock and watch.

The worm shaft that worm screw is made by metal or nonmetal rigidity material, be spirally wound on the worm shaft and steel wire that two ends are separately fixed at the worm shaft two ends constitutes.Steel wire is wrapped on the worm shaft, and such worm screw process for machining and manufacturing is simple, and certain flexibility is arranged, and has well soft identical characteristic between the worm gear, reduces the requirement to parts processing and assembly precision greatly.

The Stepping Motor Control circuit by be installed in the special-purpose control enclosure, with stepper motor only with lead link to each other can remote control telepilot and the driving circuit that is installed in the stepper motor in the clock shell constitute.

Clock shell top is installed with a structure of rolling.It by the motor that is installed in clock shell top, with the coaxial curtain rolling shaft that is connected with feather key of motor, curtain rolling shaft on the roller shutter fixed constituted.Structure of rolling is controlled by control circuit, links to each other with lead with control circuit.When clock and watch normally moved, this mechanism's roller shutter was rolled, and is the top that the garden column is positioned at dial plate.When having a power failure or other fault when causing clock and watch out of service, control circuit discharges, and curtain rolling shaft and motor slippage are put down roller shutter fast, and dial plate is covered.The color of roller shutter is identical with the pointer color, looks from afar, and like a flat board of the same colour, thus the clock and watch misdirection time that can prevent fault effectively.When clock and watch recovered normal operation, roller shutter was rolled automatically, and clock and watch just can normally show the time.

Driving circuit is by chip microprocessor and program storage thereof, input circuit, output circuit, pointer position testing circuit and driving translation circuit by chip microprocessor control, provide adjustment button and the input circuit of adjusting signal to chip microprocessor, constitute to the power circuit of foregoing circuit supply of electrical energy.Telepilot is made of the transformer, regulator rectifier circuit, microprocessor, program storage, input circuit, keyboard circuit, clock and watch driving condition sample circuit, output circuit, telepilot condition indication circuit, power supply signal hybrid circuit, not power down clock chip and the power circuit that are installed in the control enclosure.

The pointer position testing circuit with drive translation circuit and constitute by the magnet that is installed in three worm gear edges, three Hall units that are installed near the position worm gear, the plastic drive circuit that is connected with Hall unit, the motor input circuit, decoding scheme and the motor-drive circuit that are connected with chip microprocessor.Adjustment is made of keyboard, bandpass filter and shaping circuit by strong and input circuit.

When the magnet on the worm gear went to the trigger position of Hall unit, Hall unit was promptly exported a direct current level.The time, the minute, second pin the DC level of pairing three Hall units output of three worm gears give chip microprocessor again through plastic drive circuit.Chip microprocessor is delivered to the motor input circuit after with this signal Processing, gives stepper motor through decoding scheme and motor-drive circuit again and controls.

Basic ruuning situation of the present invention is as follows.

After the energized, chip microprocessor is carried out start-up routine immediately.At first with the time, three pointers of minute, second rotatablely move.When any one pin was gone to the table null position, its corresponding pointer position testing circuit was promptly exported a signal.This signal deposits in the random access memory in the chip microprocessor, make the operation of pointer have one zero point reference point.Read then whether the input of external remote control signal is arranged.If have, program when then moving the school.If no, then press the operation of clock rule.Promptly by chip microprocessor controlling and driving translation circuit second hand was taken a round in one minute, 60 fens kinds of minute hand take a round, and hour hands took a round in 12 hours.

There is the input of external remote control signal in the school constantly.At this moment, chip microprocessor is compared the time of remote signal representative and the time intercropping one of clock self, and then calculates optimal path and step-length, drives three stepper motors then respectively three pointers are rotated in place rapidly by optimal path respectively.

The control in continuous service stage drives hand motion by chip microprocessor according to the precision of crystal oscillation.When the pointer position testing circuit output signal of a certain pointer, this signal promptly with the reference zero comparison of program internal memory storage, revise the position of pointer then with the zero point of internal memory, make machine error obey the circuit error.

The task of pointers separately controlled electric clock of the present invention comes to this and finishes.

Fast and accurate when the invention provides a kind of accuracy of timekeeping height, school, can be respectively by different paths simultaneously three pointers in school, pointer moment of torsion big, can make large-scale clock and watch, can form the synchronized clocks of arbitrary number, the pointers separately controlled electric clock of a plurality of synchronized clocks high conformities.Its thickness is little, can prevent the misdirection time.Compare its cost 5-17% that descended with the electronic clock of past same precision.It can be widely used in the occasions such as office, school, hotel, square, airport, station, naval vessel and family.

Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing thereof pointers separately controlled electric clock of the present invention is done further explanation.

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of embodiment 1.

Fig. 2 is the configuration schematic diagram of stepper motor and gear train thereof.

Fig. 3 is the transmission synoptic diagram of worm and wormwheel.

Fig. 4 is the synoptic diagram of structure of rolling.

Fig. 5 is the overall block-diagram of control circuit of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is the block scheme of telepilot 16.

Fig. 7 is the more detailed block scheme of driving circuit 18.

Fig. 8 is the physical circuit figure of telepilot 16.

Fig. 9 is the physical circuit figure of driving circuit 18.

Among Fig. 1, the gear train that embodiments of the invention 1 are made up of clock shell 1, stepper motor 2, worm screw 3 and worm gear 4, second hand 5, minute hand 6, hour hands 7, driving circuit 18, lead 17, control enclosure 15 and telepilot 16 are constituted.

Among Fig. 2, the axis of three stepper motors 2, worm screw 3 intersects each other into 120 degree configurations.

Among Fig. 3, worm screw 3 is twined on it by worm shaft 9 and steel wire 10 and constitutes.Screw 8 is with stepper motor 2 and worm screw 3 connecting shafts.

Among Fig. 4, structure of rolling is made of motor 11, curtain rolling shaft 12 and roller shutter 13.Roller shutter 13 has put down, and has covered dial plate 14.

Among Fig. 5, telepilot 16 provides power supply and remote signal by lead 17 to driving circuit 18.Driving circuit 18 drives three stepper motors 2 and gear train as its controlled part.Adorn pointer position testing circuit 19 on it and driving translation circuit 20.Driving circuit 18 is by chip microprocessor 21 controls.Chip microprocessor 21 connects key by adjustment and input circuit 22 provides the adjustment signal, and power circuit 23 provides power supply and provides signal for input circuit for driving circuit 18.

Among Fig. 6, transformer 24 send regulator rectifier circuit 25 after with the civil power transformation; A road of its 5V send microprocessor 26 and program storage 27, and the signal of input circuit 28 inputs is connected to keyboard circuit 29, outside correcting delay signal 30, clock and watch driving condition sample circuit 31.The remote signal that output circuit 32 output terminals have telepilot condition indication circuit 33 and export to power supply signal hybrid circuit 34, the output of power supply signal hybrid circuit 34 promptly includes direct voltage source and remote signal, lead 17 leads to driving circuit 18, telepilot 16 has two kinds of methods of operation under the control of microprocessor 26 and program storage 27, first kind is to import through keyboard.Manually time numerical value is riveted through keyboard circuit 29 usefulness, telepilot condition indication circuit 33 shows the corresponding time at once, start key on the kbhit again, then telepilot sends the remote control pulse to driving circuit 18, simultaneously this time is write in the not power down clock chip 35, make its time bring into operation from new input.If kbhit not after telepilot powers on then the time of the not power down clock chip 35 of obeying its inside working time of telepilot, shows it on condition indication circuit 33, and after 10 seconds by lead to driving circuit 18 outputs.Second kind of method of operation of telepilot 16 is: by importing the not power down clock chip 35 that outside correcting delay signal 30 comes SRC device 16 inside, then to driving circuit 18 outputs.Condition indication circuit 33 is except that showing working time, and also the program according to program storage 27 indicates whether to have outside correcting delay signal input, determines whether the state of driving circuit 18 is normal.

Among Fig. 7, the center is chip microprocessor 21, program storage 36, input circuit 38, and output circuit is 37.

Adjust button and input circuit 22 and be used to provide the adjustment signal.Keyboard 40 is for adjusting key, in the time of can directly adjusting after pressing, the action of minute, second pointer.Also can key set will be adjusted, with selected running status, operational factor.41 is bandpass filter, and it is sent into the remote signal of power circuit 39 in the shaping circuit 42 after filtering, and then send chip microprocessor 21.

Pointer position testing circuit 19 on the driving circuit 18 and driving translation circuit 20 are as shown in the figure.44 is Hall unit among the figure, and it matches with magnet 45 on being contained in worm gear 4.When magnet 45 went to the active position of Hall unit 44, Hall unit was promptly exported a direct current level.The time, the minute, second pin pairing three Hall units output of three worm gears all give chip microprocessor 21 again through plastic drive circuit 46.The signal of the control step motor of chip microprocessor 21 is input to the motor input circuit 47 among this figure, enters motor-drive circuit 49 behind decoding scheme 48, gives three stepper motors then.

Power circuit is formed low-pass filter 50 by two inductance and an electric capacity, in order to by direct voltage source, forms bandpass filter 51 by 2 electric capacity and an inductance, in order to by control signal, is sent to chip microprocessor 21.

Fig. 8 is the detailed circuit diagram of telepilot 16, and 26 is 8-bit microcontrollers 8031 among the figure, and its P0 mouth is given 27 program storage 27C64 the low order address line behind LS373, connecting not power down clock circuit 35 on the P1 mouth of single-chip microcomputer 26, and it is controlled from the P3 mouth.P1 mouth and P3 mouth are also being controlled input circuit 28 in addition, and input circuit 28 selects 1 circuit CD4051 to form by two 8, and circuit 30 when its input end is connected to keyboard circuit 29 and outer school also is connected to clock monitoring running state circuit 31.Circuit 31 contains the two independent photo-coupler, and its principle is the running current of monitoring clock, if this electric current diminishes at random or becomes big, just gives 28 1 signals of input circuit by voltage comparator.P1 mouth and P3 mouth are also being controlled output circuit 32, circuit 32 is made up of LS273 and MC1413, LED is being controlled in its output, whether the operation of pilot clock is normal, indication has or not outer correcting delay signal 30 to exist, show current time and data by the secondary clock among the patent CN87212836.9 99, controlling the abnormal alarm loudspeaker, also to clock output remote signal.This remote signal enters power hybrid circuit 34, and circuit 34 is made up of an inductance and an electric capacity.Inductance stops remote signal to flow to power supply, and electric capacity then allows remote signal to deliver to biography by it to get on to the power lead of clock.Not power down clock circuit 35 is made of clock special chip MSM5832, crystal and ickel-cadmium cell, diode etc., this clock chip can write independent operating after the new time under programmed control, when dispatch from foreign news agency is interrupted, continue operation by ickel-cadmium cell, and after restoring electricity, the time that program can be read this chip internal passes.

The operational process of telepilot 16 is as follows: after powering on, program reads the time of not power down clock circuit inside earlier, makes the interior clock of program submit to this time, and shows through secondary clock.After ten seconds, if import when on-keyboard input and outer school, remote signal that then should the time is given driving circuit 18 by power supply remote signal hybrid circuit 34.Program obtains signal and indicates through the LED of circuit 32 from clock and watch status monitoring circuit 31.

By the numerical key on the keyboard circuit 29 " 0 "～" 9 " and " when changing ", " clock " totally 12 keys, can be revised and be blocked clock status respectively.

Fig. 9 is the concrete electrical schematic diagram of Fig. 7.21 is 8-bit microcontrollers among the figure, and its PO mouth latchs the low order address line to program storage 36 behind LS373.The P1 of single-chip microcomputer 21 and P3 mouth are being controlled input circuit 38 and output circuit 37.Input circuit 38 is made of three-state buffer L8244.Its input end is connected to three groups of signals, and keyboard circuit 40, pointer position signals treatment circuit 43 are made up of three voltage comparator LM339, and the remote signal treatment circuit is made up of bandpass filter 41 and shaping circuit 42.Circuit 41 is made up of voltage comparator LM339 and diode wave detector.Output circuit 37 is made up of two LS273 octal latches and driver MC1413.Its output is sent driving circuit 18 through a cable.This signal earlier through behind the LS07 to decoding scheme 48, circuit 48 is made of two monostable circuit CD4528 and eight SI PO shift register CD4015, the LS273 that driving circuit 49 is delivered in the output of CD4015 latchs, again through the coil 52 of MC1413 drive stepping motor, MC1413 also exports one the tunnel and indicates in order to driving LED the time in the afternoon.Also have the pointer position testing circuit near this circuit, it is made up of the magnet 45 and the Hall unit 44 that are embedded on the worm gear 4, enter the useful effect zone of Hall unit 44 when magnet 45 after, circuit 44 is promptly exported a high level, gives circuit 43 after the LS07 shaping.Integrated integrated regulator 7805 is in order to be that 5V offers the circuit that operating voltage is 5V with the voltage stabilizing of 24V voltage, as CD4528, LS273 etc.

Timing of the present invention is accurate, and is convenient rapidly during the school, can make synchronized clocks and ultra-large type clock.It can be widely used in the occasions such as office, school, hotel, naval vessel, airport, station, square and family.

Claims (6)

1 one kinds of pointers separately controlled electric clocks, it is by the clock shell, be installed in two or three stepper motors in the clock shell, be installed in the clock shell with stepper motor spool be connected and with the separately-driven gear train of stepper motor, be installed in the clock shell be connected with gear train and with stepper motor through gear train is separately-driven can indicate respectively the time, divide or the time, divide, second two or three pointers and thereby stepper motor carried out two or three pointers of FEEDBACK CONTROL may command constituted with the control circuit of synchronous coordination mapping mode operation, it is characterized in that said gear train is by being connected the worm screw that is fastened on same axis with the axle of stepper motor with screw, constitute with the worm gear of worm mesh, worm gear and pointer are fixed together, gear train has three covers, with three stepper motors drive respectively and and then when driving respectively, divide, second three pointers, the axis of the worm screw of three sets of transmission mechanism intersects each other into 120 degree.

2 according to the described pointers separately controlled electric clock of claim 1, it is characterized in that the worm shaft of the worm screw of said gear train by metal or nonmetal rigid material system, is spirally wound on the worm screw and steel wire that two ends are separately fixed at a two ends constitutes.

3 according to claim 1 or 2 described pointers separately controlled electric clocks, it is characterized in that said control circuit by the driving circuit that is installed in the stepper motor in the clock shell be installed in special-purpose control enclosure in the clock shell in stepper motor only link to each other and can the telepilot of its remote control be constituted with lead, said driving circuit is by chip microprocessor and program storage thereof, input circuit, output circuit, pointer position testing circuit and driving translation circuit by chip microprocessor control, adjustment button and the input circuit of adjusting signal is provided to chip microprocessor, power circuit to the foregoing circuit supply of electrical energy constitutes, said telepilot is by the transformer that is installed in the control enclosure, regulator rectifier circuit, microprocessor, program storage, input circuit, keyboard circuit, clock and watch driving condition sample circuit, output circuit, the telepilot condition indication circuit, the power supply signal hybrid circuit, not power down clock chip and power circuit constitute, pointer position testing circuit and driving translation circuit are by being installed in three magnet on the worm gear, be installed near three Hall elements of the position of worm gear, the plastic drive circuit that is connected with Hall element, the motor input circuit that is connected with chip microprocessor, decoding scheme and motor-drive circuit constitute, and adjust button and input circuit by keyboard, bandpass filter and shaping circuit constitute.

4 according to claim 1 or 2 described pointers separately controlled electric clocks, it is characterized in that said clock shell top is installed with a structure of rolling, it by the motor that is installed in clock shell top, with coaxial being constituted with the roller shutter of fixing in succession curtain rolling shaft of feather key, the curtain rolling shaft of motor with it, structure of rolling is controlled by control circuit, links to each other with lead with control circuit.

5 according to the described pointers separately controlled electric clock of claim 3, it is characterized in that said clock shell top is installed with a structure of rolling, it by the electric work machine that is installed in clock shell top, with motor coaxial with its curtain rolling shaft that is connected with feather key, curtain rolling shaft on the roller shutter fixed constituted, structure of rolling is controlled by control circuit, links to each other with lead with control circuit.

6 according to the described pointers separately controlled electric clock of claim 3, it is characterized in that the pointers separately controlled electric clock of said telepilot with parallel way control arbitrary number, forms synchronized clocks.

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