CN104439342B - The chip breaker of a kind of high-speed steel bit and processing method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-speed steel turning tool chip breaker and a processing method thereof, which is characterized in that it comprises a long strip-shaped bump, and the bump is clad on the rake face of the turning tool by laser powder cladding, and the length direction of the bump is Parallel to the main cutting edge of the turning tool, the vertical distance from the center plane of the bump in the length direction to the main cutting edge of the turning tool is 0.5-2mm, and the vertical distance from the front end of the bump to the secondary cutting edge of the turning tool is 0.5-3mm, The length of the bump is 4-10mm, the width of the bottom is 0.6-2.0mm, and the height is 0.5-1.5mm. The width of the bottom of the bump is greater than the height; the advantage is that the chip breaking table is clad on the rake face of the turning tool by laser powder Formed on the surface, the processing is simple and fast, the chip breaking effect is good, and it is easy to remove and remanufacture, just use the grinding wheel to remove the chip breaking table and re-cladd it at a suitable position.

Description

Chip breaker for high-speed steel turning tool and processing method thereof

technical field

The invention relates to a turning tool for cutting, in particular to a chip breaker for a high-speed steel turning tool and a processing method thereof.

Background technique

High-speed steel turning tools are often used for turning metal materials. During the turning process, continuous chips are often produced, and the chips will wrap around the workpiece and scratch the surface of the processed workpiece; they will also wrap around the turning tool, which will accelerate the wear and damage of the turning tool; at the same time, the long chips will also There are hidden dangers to the safety of operating workers. At present, the commonly used chip breaking method is to grind a chip breaker on the rake face of the high-speed steel turning tool, but this kind of chip breaker is usually manually ground, the chip breaking effect is unstable, and it will also affect the high-speed steel turning tool. Subsequent regrinding times. There are also special chip breaking devices attached to the turning tool or tool holder, for example: chip breaker or chip baffle. However, the installation of the chip breaking device often needs to increase the overhang length of the tool holder, which reduces the rigidity of the tool and affects the machining accuracy of the workpiece. Moreover, after regrinding the turning tool, the position of the chip breaking device needs to be readjusted. There is also the use of a grinder to grind a raised chip breaker on the rake face of the high-speed steel turning tool. This kind of chip breaker takes a long time to make, and the amount of tool material removed is large, and after the turning tool is reground, It is necessary to grind a new chip breaker on the rake face of the turning tool again, resulting in a waste of high-speed steel turning tool material.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a chip breaker for a high-speed steel turning tool that is simple and quick to process, easy to remove and can save tool material and a processing method thereof.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is: a chip breaking table for high-speed steel turning tools, including elongated bumps, and the bumps are clad on the rake face of turning tools by laser powder cladding , the length direction of the bump is parallel to the main cutting edge of the turning tool, the vertical distance from the center plane of the length direction of the bump to the main cutting edge of the turning tool is 0.5-2mm, and the The vertical distance from the front end of the bump (that is, the end close to the tip of the turning tool) to the secondary cutting edge of the turning tool is 0.5-3mm, the length of the bump is 4-10mm, the width of the bottom is 0.6-2.0mm, and the height is 0.5-1.5 mm, the bottom width of the bump is greater than the height.

The material of the bump is tungsten carbide or aluminum oxide.

The front end of the protrusion is an arc surface, which can make the chips roll up smoothly and break the chips.

The cross-section of the bump is arc-shaped.

The bump is a whole piece or consists of 2-3 intervals of convex segments, and the interval between two adjacent convex segments is 2-4mm.

The processing method of a chip breaker of a high-speed steel turning tool comprises the following specific steps:

(1) Grind the rake face of the high-speed steel turning tool with sandpaper, and wipe the rake face with acetone;

(2) Use water glass solution with a mass concentration of 10% as a binder to make tungsten carbide or alumina powder into a paste, and apply the paste powder to the front knife of the turning tool along the main cutting edge of the turning tool On the surface, a tungsten carbide powder or aluminum oxide powder coated strip with a thickness of 0.5-2.5mm, a width of 3-5mm and the same length as the main cutting edge of the turning tool is formed;

(3) Place the high-speed steel turning tool coated with tungsten carbide powder or alumina powder coating tape in a drying box, dry it at a temperature of 60-70°C for 1-2 hours, and take it out;

(4) Place the high-speed steel turning tool on the CNC workbench of the laser processing machine so that the bottom surface of the turning tool is in contact with the CNC workbench, and fix the turning tool with a fixture, then move the position of the CNC workbench to adjust the laser processing machine. The vertical distance between the laser spot circle center and the main cutting edge of the turning tool is 0.5 ~ 2mm, and the vertical distance from the secondary cutting edge of the turning tool is 0.5 ~ 3mm;

(5) Adjust the laser power of the laser processing machine to 80-250W, the spot diameter to 0.6-1.2mm, and the moving speed of the CNC workbench to 2-8mm/s, and make the movement direction of the CNC workbench consistent with the main axis of the turning tool. The cutting edges are parallel, and then the laser performs laser cladding on the powder-coated tape on the rake face of the turning tool, and the CNC worktable is controlled to move 4 to 10mm. After the cladding is completed, the excess powder on the rake face of the turning tool is removed to obtain a The entire length is 4-10mm, the bottom width is 0.6-2.0mm, and the height is 0.5-1.5mm. The vertical distance from the center plane of the length direction of the bump to the main cutting edge of the turning tool is 0.5- 2mm, and the vertical distance from the front end of the bump to the secondary cutting edge of the turning tool is 0.5-3mm.

When it is necessary to clad a bump consisting of 2 to 3 intervals of convex segments on the rake face of the turning tool, as long as the laser cladding process in the above step (5) moves on the CNC worktable of the laser processing machine Turn off the laser after the distance of the length of the convex section, and then turn on the laser again after moving the CNC workbench to the distance required for laser cladding.

Compared with the prior art, the advantage of the present invention is that the chip breaker is formed by laser powder cladding on the rake face of the turning tool, the processing is simple and fast, the chip breaking effect is good, and it is easy to remove and remanufacture. It is necessary to use a grinding wheel to grind off the chip breaker and re-cladd it at a suitable position; and when the high-speed steel turning tool needs to be reground due to wear, there is no need to re-grind the chip breaker or chip breaker, and there is no need to adjust the traditional For the location of the additional chip breaking device, it is only necessary to redo the laser powder cladding chip breaking platform on the rake face of the turning tool, which can save tool materials.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the front view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the top view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a top view of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Embodiment 1: As shown in the figure, a chip breaking table for a high-speed steel turning tool includes a whole strip-shaped bump 1. The material of the bump 1 is tungsten carbide and is clad on the turning tool 2 by laser powder. On the rake face 3, the cross section of the bump 1 is arc-shaped, and the front end is a circular arc surface. The length direction of the bump 1 is parallel to the main cutting edge 4 of the turning tool 2. The center of the length direction of the bump 1 is The vertical distance D from the surface 11 to the main cutting edge 4 of the turning tool is 0.5 mm, the vertical distance M from the front end of the bump 1 to the minor cutting edge 5 of the turning tool is 1 mm, the length L of the bump 1 is 5 mm, and the width of the bottom is 0.8 mm , The height is 0.5mm.

The processing method of the chip breaker of the above-mentioned high-speed steel turning tool includes the following specific steps:

(1) Polish the rake face 3 of the high-speed steel turning tool 2 with sandpaper, and wipe the rake face 3 with acetone;

(2) Use water glass solution with a mass concentration of 10% as a binder to make tungsten carbide or alumina powder into a paste, and apply the paste powder on the turning tool along the main cutting edge 4 of the turning tool 2 On the rake face 3, a strip of tungsten carbide powder or aluminum oxide powder coating with a thickness of 1.0 mm, a width of 3 mm and the same length as the main cutting edge 4 of the turning tool is formed;

(3) Place the high-speed steel turning tool 2 coated with tungsten carbide powder or alumina powder-coated tape in a drying oven, dry it at 65°C for 1 hour, and take it out;

(4) Place the high-speed steel turning tool on the CNC workbench of the laser processing machine, make the bottom surface of the turning tool 2 contact with the CNC workbench, fix the turning tool 2 with a clamp, and then move the position of the CNC workbench to adjust the laser processing The vertical distance between the spot circle center of the laser in the machine and the main cutting edge 4 of the turning tool is 0.5mm, and the vertical distance with the secondary cutting edge 5 of the turning tool is 1mm;

(5) Adjust the laser power of the laser processing machine to 100W, the spot diameter to 0.6mm, and the moving speed of the CNC table to 5mm/s, and make the moving direction of the CNC table parallel to the main cutting edge 4 of the turning tool, and then The laser performs laser cladding on the powder-coated tape on the rake face 3 of the turning tool, and controls the CNC workbench to move 5mm. After the cladding is completed, remove the excess powder on the rake face 3 of the turning tool to obtain a whole strip with a length of 5mm. , a strip-shaped bump 1 with a bottom width of 0.8mm and a height of 0.5mm, and the vertical distance D from the center plane 11 of the bump 1 in the length direction to the main cutting edge 4 of the turning tool is 0.5mm, and the front end of the bump 1 The vertical distance M to the secondary cutting edge 5 of the turning tool is 1 mm.

Embodiment 2: As shown in the figure, a chip breaking table for a high-speed steel turning tool includes a long strip-shaped bump, and the bump is composed of two intervals of convex segments 6, and the material of the convex segments 6 is alumina and passed through The laser powder cladding is on the rake face 3 of the turning tool 2, the cross section of the convex section 6 is arc-shaped, and the front end is a circular arc surface, the length direction of the convex section 6 is parallel to the main cutting edge 4 of the turning tool 2, The vertical distance D from the center plane 11 of the longitudinal direction of the convex section 6 to the main cutting edge 4 of the turning tool is 1 mm, and the vertical distance M from the front end of the convex section 6 near the turning tool tip to the secondary cutting edge 5 of the turning tool is 2 mm. The total length L between the front and rear ends of the convex segment 6 is 10 mm, the bottom width is 1.6 mm, the height is 1.2 mm, and the interval H between two convex segments 6 is 4 mm.

The processing method of the chip breaker of the above-mentioned high-speed steel turning tool includes the following specific steps:

(1) Polish the rake face 3 of the high-speed steel turning tool 2 with sandpaper, and wipe the rake face 3 with acetone;

(2) Use water glass solution with a mass concentration of 10% as a binder to make tungsten carbide or alumina powder into a paste, and apply the paste powder on the turning tool along the main cutting edge 4 of the turning tool 2 On the rake face 3, a tungsten carbide powder or aluminum oxide powder-coated strip with a thickness of 1.5 mm, a width of 4 mm and the same length as the main cutting edge 4 of the turning tool is formed;

(3) Place the high-speed steel turning tool 2 coated with tungsten carbide powder or alumina powder coating tape in a drying oven, dry it at 60°C for 2 hours, and take it out;

(4) Place the high-speed steel turning tool on the CNC workbench of the laser processing machine, make the bottom surface of the turning tool 2 contact with the CNC workbench, fix the turning tool 2 with a clamp, and then move the position of the CNC workbench to adjust the laser processing The vertical distance between the spot circle center of the laser in the machine and the main cutting edge 4 of the turning tool is 1 mm, and the vertical distance with the secondary cutting edge 5 of the turning tool is 2 mm;

(5) Adjust the laser power of the laser processing machine to 160W, the spot diameter to 1.0mm, and the moving speed of the CNC table to 3mm/s, and make the moving direction of the CNC table parallel to the main cutting edge 4 of the turning tool, and then the laser Carry out laser cladding on the powder coating tape on the rake face 3 of the turning tool, control the CNC workbench to move 3mm and then turn off the laser, then turn on the laser after the CNC workbench moves 4mm to carry out laser cladding for 3mm, after cladding, remove The excess powder on the rake face 3 of the turning tool is used to obtain a bump consisting of two spaced convex sections 6, the vertical distance D from the center plane 11 in the length direction of the convex section 6 to the main cutting edge 4 of the turning tool is 1 mm, close to The vertical distance M from the front end of the convex section 6 of the turning tool tip to the secondary cutting edge 5 of the turning tool is 2mm, the total length L between the front and rear ends of the two sections of convex section 6 is 10mm, the bottom width is 1.6mm, and the height is 1.2mm, and the interval H between the two convex segments 6 is 4mm.

Embodiment three: other structures are the same as embodiment two, the difference is that the bump is composed of three intervals of convex segments 6, the total length L between the front and rear ends of the three segment convex segments 6 is 10mm, and two adjacent convex segments The spacing H between segments 6 is 2 mm.

Claims (4)

1. the chip breaker of a high-speed steel bit, it is characterized in that including the projection of strip, the material of described projection is tungsten carbide or aluminium oxide, described projection passes through laser powder cladding on the rake face of lathe tool, the front end of described projection is arc surface, the length direction of described projection is paralleled with the main cutting edge of lathe tool, the median plane of the length direction of described projection is 0.5～2mm to the vertical dimension of described lathe tool main cutting edge, the front end of described projection is 0.5～3mm to the vertical dimension of lathe tool front cutting edge, a length of the 4 of described projection～10mm, bottom width is 0.6～2.0mm, it is highly 0.5～1.5mm, the bottom width of described projection is more than height.

The chip breaker of a kind of high-speed steel bit the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the cross section of described projection is arc.

The chip breaker of a kind of high-speed steel bit the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described projection is a whole piece or the convex-segment by 2～3 spacer segments forms, is spaced apart 2～4mm between two adjacent convex-segment.

The processing method of the chip breaker of a kind of high-speed steel bit the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that include step in detail below:

(1), with the rake face of sand papering high-speed steel bit, and with acetone wiping rake face；

(2), binding agent is made by tungsten carbide or alumina powder furnishing pasty state with the water glass solution that mass concentration is 10%, and pasty state powder is coated on the rake face of lathe tool along the main cutting edge of lathe tool, formed a thickness be 0.5～2.5mm, width be 3～5mm and with the tungsten-carbide powder of the main cutting edge equal length of lathe tool or alumina powder coated；

(3), the high-speed steel bit that is coated with tungsten-carbide powder or alumina powder coated be positioned in drying baker, at a temperature of 60～70 DEG C, be dried 1～2 hours, take out；

(4), high-speed steel bit is placed on the numerical control table, NC table of laser machine, the bottom surface making lathe tool contacts with numerical control table, NC table, and fix lathe tool with fixture, then moving the position of numerical control table, NC table, in adjustment laser machine, the hot spot center of circle of laser instrument is 0.5～2mm with the vertical dimension of lathe tool main cutting edge and the vertical dimension of lathe tool front cutting edge is 0.5～3mm；

(5), the laser power adjusting laser machine is 80～250W, spot diameter is 0.6～1.2mm, the translational speed of numerical control table, NC table is 2～8mm/s, and make the moving direction of numerical control table, NC table parallel with the main cutting edge of lathe tool, then laser instrument carries out laser melting coating to the powder coated on rake face of turning cutter, control numerical control table, NC table and move 4～10mm, after cladding terminates, remove powder unnecessary on rake face of turning cutter, obtain a whole piece a length of 4～10mm, bottom width is 0.6～2.0mm, it it is highly the strip projection of 0.5～1.5mm, and the median plane of the length direction of projection to the vertical dimension of lathe tool main cutting edge is 0.5～2mm, the front end of projection is 0.5～3mm to the vertical dimension of lathe tool front cutting edge.