CN104439253A - High precision hard alloy small round knife machining process - Google Patents
High precision hard alloy small round knife machining process Download PDFInfo
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- CN104439253A CN104439253A CN201410773528.2A CN201410773528A CN104439253A CN 104439253 A CN104439253 A CN 104439253A CN 201410773528 A CN201410773528 A CN 201410773528A CN 104439253 A CN104439253 A CN 104439253A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high precision hard alloy small round knife machining process and belongs to the technical field of hard alloy cutter production. The process includes steps of material preparation, ball mill mixing, drying, sieving, stamping, graphite plate boat pretreating, stacking, sintering, inner circle machining, outer circle processing, plane processing, large blade machining and small blade machining, special painting usage, high-purity graphite plate boat usage and comprehensive usage thereof. The sharpness and roughness of a hard alloy small round knife, stability of quality and qualified rate are guaranteed, and the purpose of improving hard alloy product quality is achieved; by the aid of the process, the human safety of operators can be guaranteed, environment pollution is avoided, the producing efficiency can be improved by 50%, and the equipment investment can be reduced as compared with that of same productivity; since a recovery comprehensive utilization device is arranged, resource can be saved, production cost can be reduced, and market competitiveness can be enhanced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the production technical field of hard alloy cutter, more particularly, relate to the little dise knife processing technology of a kind of high accuracy carbide alloy.
Background technology
Carbide alloy introduces China from the sixties in last century, and current China has become the first in the world CEMENTED CARBIDE PRODUCTION and consumption big country.Hard metal article has the excellent serviceability equaling to diamond, brings more high-quality and benefit to the life of people, has been deep into the every aspect of people's life.Present carbide alloy demand is increasing, but CEMENTED CARBIDE PRODUCTION flow process is relatively complicated, with high content of technology, and production cost is also high.Reducing production cost, improving the quality of products is the key improving the carbide alloy market competitiveness.The each procedure of CEMENTED CARBIDE PRODUCTION requires high especially; such as sintering must be sintered to 1400 ~ 1500 DEG C under protective atmosphere; must produce in special airtight sintering furnace, and during hart metal product sintering, blank must be placed on the resistant to elevated temperatures graphite boat of a kind of energy of energy.Therefore, hart metal product quality ensures by the way such as equipment, production technology completely.People have dropped into a lot of manpower and materials to equipment and production technology and have studied and improve, and achieve the achievement much allowing people pleasantly surprised.The equipment and process production that same Hardmetal materials is advanced, service life can improve about 50%.But the research of people to graphite boat does not attract great attention, in fact the material of graphite boat and shape also have a great impact carbide alloy quality, prior carbide alloy demand increases, prior art increase yield must increase sintering furnace, and sintering furnace least significant end also want hundreds of thousands, high-end is up to ten million, and investment of production is large.In fact also can try every possible means in shape from boat, increase and utilize space, same equipment can effective increase yield, and minimizing equipment investment, reduces costs.Graphite material kind is also a lot, the furnace atmosphere that impurity is high when can affect sintering, and then affects alloy product quality, and the low graphite of intensity natively can affect service life.
In order to cater to paper conversion industry cutter, traditional little dise knife material transfers Hardmetal materials to by high speed steel material.Carbide alloy main component is tungsten carbide, and the general cobalt that adopts does bonding phase, adopts powder metallurgy process to produce, has very high wearability and intensity.His high-wearing feature makes improve 10 to 30 times its service life, improves productivity effect greatly, decreases waste, reduce production cost, obtain the accreditation of industry.But have some critical defects, and the raw material thin with particle does, although wearability is good, and poor toughness; Make of thick raw material, although intensity, toughness are passable, the edge of a knife is blunt, and cutting resistance is large, easily produces high temperature, affects cutting quality and cutter life, is difficult to the coordination ensureing cutter toughness and sharp two aspects of the edge of a knife.
Chinese Patent Application No. 201310270044.1, publication number is CN103305741A, publication date: on September 18th, 2013, disclose a kind of carbide alloy, carbide alloy knife bar and manufacture method thereof.The Hardmetal materials of this application for a patent for invention selects WC80 ~ 90 quality %, cobalt 10 ~ 20%, ramet 0.15 ~ 0.5%, chromium carbide 0.2 ~ 0.4%, vanadium carbide 0.1 ~ 0.3%, and forming agent selects the mixture of oleic acid, naphthane and ethyl cellulose.The granularity of WC is 1.0 ~ 1.2 μm.But the method is owing to adopting the fine grained tungsten carbide of 1.0um ~ 1.2um, the carbide alloy prepared the in use edge of a knife easily bursts apart, also there are technical staff's trial coarse granule and fine grained tungsten carbide ginseng to join, but are easy to cause that tungsten carbide is built up, grain growth presss from both sides thick defect.Therefore existing technical staff does the Hardmetal materials of carving knife, and be all that the tungsten carbide of the 4.0um ~ 5.0um selected is major alloy raw material, although the problem of chipping obtains effective improvement, the edge of a knife is not sharp, and cutting resistance is large, and hardness is low, not wear-resisting.
Chinese Patent Application No.: 201310747611.8, publication date: 2014-4-2 patent document discloses a kind of hard alloy production process.This invention relates to a kind of hard alloy production process, the method for the recycling of the broken end material particularly produced in carbide alloy extrusion process.Concrete technology step comprises: prepared by (1) compound: batching → ball milling → drying → homogenising is broken, obtains powder; (2) compound is extruded: mixing granulation → extruding → natural air drying → heat drying → processing cutting, obtains semi-finished product; (3) sinter; (4) finished product inspection packaging warehouse-in.Mainly produce broken end material in step (2), by it through homogenising break process, then add how to hide mixing granulation from, then through subsequent steps such as extruding, the technological process of broken end material process is optimized in this invention while guaranteeing properties of product, significantly reduces costs.This invention is not to the step that carrier graphite planar boat processes, because high temperature sintering can affect the composition volatilization of carbide alloy quality in graphite planar boat, and the graphite planar boat of not brushing through special coating can by the carbide alloy adhesion after sintering, be not easy discharging, force discharging to cause and damage graphite planar boat and finished product carbide alloy, therefore, there is certain technological deficiency in this invention.
Summary of the invention
1. the technical problem that will solve
Higher for the production cost of sintered hard alloy in prior art, product quality is not easy to control, existing graphite planar boat affects quality of finished, the low not wear-resisting and existing little dise knife edge of a knife sharpness of the Cemented Carbide Hardness of little dise knife and the irreconcilable problem of toughness, the invention provides the little dise knife processing technology of a kind of high accuracy carbide alloy.The dull and stereotyped pre-treatment of boat of this technology utilization process optimization, byproduct comprehensive recovery device, high purity graphite and the use of special coating achieve and reduce production cost, improve the hart metal product quality of little dise knife and ensure that little dise knife has the sharp edge of a knife and toughness, and avoid graphite dust in process to the object of harm and contaminated environment.
2. technical scheme
For achieving the above object, inventor, through the Continuous Tracking of time for many years and summary, sums up technical scheme of the present invention: the little dise knife processing technology of a kind of high accuracy carbide alloy, the steps include:
Step one, batching: by the various powders of carbide alloy by formulated;
Step 2, ball mill mix:
A, in ball mill, add the powder that alcohol, forming agent and step one prepare by weight ratio;
B, start ball mill, in ball mill bat effect under, polish and be mixed into slip;
Step 3, drying: proceeded to by slip in vacuum drying oven and carry out drying, in irregular particle shape after dry;
Step 4, wiping sieve: be Powdered after dried granular material being carried out wiping sieve;
Step 5, punching press: powder material is pressed product weight and the punch forming of specification requirement oil pressure stamping machine in the form of sheets;
The pre-treatment of step 6, graphite planar boat:
A, graphite planar boat surface graphite powder to be rooted out in dedicated processes case;
B, in vacuum drying oven, be warmed up to 1500 DEG C of calcinings, be incubated 3 ~ 5 hours;
C, cooling: the graphite planar boat after sintering soak is cooled to room temperature;
D, swabbing: at surface brush one deck special coating of graphite planar boat;
Step 7, stacked: the upper surface sheet material after step 5 punching press being put into the graphite planar boat that step 6 is handled well, then layering superposition, uses cushion block interlayer between every layer;
Step 8, sintering, proceed to stacked good material in vacuum-sintering integral furnace and sinter;
A, to sinter by the sintering vacuum-temperature process curve set;
B, to come out of the stove, after having sintered, come out of the stove and produce carbide alloy blank;
Step 9, inner circle are processed: after coming out of the stove, alloy blank is processed at inner circle grinding machine grinding machine, use ￠ 150*20*20*10mm skive to process; Inner circle deviation ￠ 168.3+0.1mm or ￠ 168.3+0.05mm after processing;
Step 10, cylindrical process: use cylindrical grinder processing, use ￠ 400*50*203*10mm skive to process, after processing, finished product external diameter is ￠ 270+1.0mm;
Step 11, plane treatment: use surface grinding machine to process, carbide cutter tool uses ￠ 350*40*127*10mm titanium nitride element skive to process, finished product thickness 1.4 ± 0.02mm, the depth of parallelism≤0.05mm after process; Flatness≤0.05mm; Surface roughness 0.4 μm; Fineness 0.32 μm;
Step 12, large edge of a knife processing: in multi-purpose grinding machine processing, use bowl-type ￠ 125*40*32*5*7mm titanium nitride element skive to carry out roughly grinding to blade angle 0.6 degree, line mouth 1.1mm, edge of a knife width 30mm, roughness 0.8 μm, fineness 0.63 μm; Re-use bowl-type ￠ 125*40*32*5*7mm titanium nitride element skive to carry out refining to surface roughness 0.025 μm, fineness 0.02 μm; Carry out chamfered again, namely use chamfering drilling machine ￠ 166mm*45 degree diamond-impregnated wheel interior circular hole and each aperture two sides to be fallen miter angle and get rid of machined burrs, and make inside hole smooth;
Step 13, the little edge of a knife are processed: in multi-purpose grinding machine processing, use bowl-type ￠ 125*40*32*5*7mm titanium nitride element skive to carry out roughly grinding to blade angle 22 degree, cutting edge of a knife or a sword mouth edge of a knife width 2.83mm, roughness 0.8 μm, fineness 0.63 μm; Re-use bowl-type ￠ 125*40*32*5*7mm titanium nitride element skive to carry out refining to surface roughness 0.025 μm, fineness 0.02 μm; External diameter controls at 270+0.5mm or 270+0.0mm simultaneously;
Wherein, after the wiping sieve described in step 4, powder material is 60 ~ 180 orders; Graphite planar boat described in step 6 and the cushion block described in step 7 are made by the high purity graphite of two leaching three roastings, and density is greater than 1.8 tons/cubic metre; Described graphite planar boat flatness is less than 0.1mm, thickness is 5 ~ 7mm, shape is square or circular.
Preferably, batching described in step one is tungsten carbide, spherical cobalt powder and chromium carbide, the tungsten carbide that described tungsten carbide is respectively 0.6 ~ 1.0um and 3 ~ 6um by granularity forms, the mass ratio of described tungsten carbide, spherical cobalt powder, chromium carbide is: tungsten carbide 80% ~ 90%, spherical cobalt powder 10% ~ 20%, chromium carbide 0.35% ~ 0.7%; Alcohol purity described in step 2 is greater than 98%, forming agent is No. 58 paraffin.
Preferably: in the dry run of described step 3, be provided with alcohol recovery device.
Preferably, the dedicated processes case described in step 6 is showering recycling graphite device.
Preferably, the special coating described in step 6 comprises PEG4000, aquadag, Tween 80, high abrasion carbon black, ultra-fine alumina and pure water.
Preferably, described special coating weight portion is separately: PEG400010 ~ 20; Aquadag 10 ~ 20; High abrasion carbon black 10 ~ 20; Ultra-fine alumina 5 ~ 10; Tween 80 accounts for 5-10; Pure water 30 ~ 50, manufacturing process is: be first dissolved in pure water by PEG4000, then other component is added to successively in PEG4000 lysate and is uniformly mixed.
Preferably, the sheet material after the cushion block described in step 7 and step 5 punching press is contour, and cushion block keeps point-blank up and down.
Preferably, described cushion block waste and old graphite planar boat or leftover pieces make, and represent different height by different shapes, length and width is monolateral is not less than 5mm, is not more than 20mm.
Preferably, described alcohol recovery device comprises gas-solid separator, condenser, temporary storage tank, vavuum pump and chilled water mechanism, wherein: be provided with solid collection tank bottom described gas-solid separator, and is connected by pipeline with vacuum drying oven at its napex; Described condenser is double layers of tank body structure, and the top of its inside is connected with gas-solid separator by pipeline, and the bottom of its inside is connected by pipeline with temporary storage tank; Described temporary storage tank is connected with vavuum pump by pipeline; The interlayer top of described condenser is connected with chilled water mechanism delivery port and water inlet respectively by pipeline with bottom, and forms the water route of circulation.
Preferably, described showering recycling graphite device comprises body, the L-shaped case structure of described body, and comprise the side box body and under casing body that are connected, side box body is provided with air entry, spray nozzle, demixing plate; Under casing body is provided with filter mechanism, graphite collecting mechanism and screen cloth, wherein: described side box body top is connected with dust catcher by air entry, and described demixing plate has 4 pieces, is fixed on the inner side of side box body left and right sides plate in the shape of falling M; Described spray nozzle is three groups, upper, middle and lower, upper and lower two groups of inner sides being fixed on side box body left plate, middle one group of inner side being fixed on side box body right plate; The filter mechanism that described water pump one end is arranged by pipeline and under casing body bottom left is connected, and the other end and three groups of spray nozzles pass through pipeline communication; Described graphite collecting mechanism is arranged on the right side of end bottom half, and described screen cloth is fixed on the upper surface of under casing body, as the operating desk to graphite planar boat surface graphite powder.
3. beneficial effect
Adopt technical scheme provided by the invention, compared with existing known technology, there is following remarkable result:
(1) the little dise knife processing technology of a kind of high accuracy carbide alloy of the present invention, the step of the pre-treatment of graphite planar boat, 1500 DEG C of calcinings are warmed up in vacuum drying oven, be incubated 3 ~ 5 hours, the impurity component such as iron, copper, the aluminium volatilization of carbide alloy quality will can be affected on the one hand in graphite planar boat, on the other hand after special coating is brushed, after sintering, carbide alloy easily plays material, root out in dedicated processes case, both graphite powder can be reclaimed, and graphite dust can be avoided again to work the mischief to human body and to environment, the dull and stereotyped boat of high purity graphite due to hardness high, flatness is little, and (flatness is less than 0.1mm, circular boat working face flatness is difficult to reach), the problem of carburizing and decarburization can not be out of shape and occur after hart metal product sintering, than the common graphite of prior art, impurity content is few, and intensity is high, the quality of alloy and the service life of boat all beneficial, and finally ensure that the quality of the little dise knife of carbide alloy, because the work box of sintering cemented carbide stove is rectangular, the band edge circle boat of prior art is larger than graphite planar boat horizontal space waste of the present invention, and, prior art is because there is the positioning step of 1mm bottom band edge boat, the height of band edge boat side at least also exceeds 1mm than product, causes the waste in space, band edge boat will according to the height of product and size in addition, the boat of customization different size, boat takies greatly, operation also bothers, the waste of sintering furnace vertical space is large, and graphite planar boat of the present invention, except plane put the space of product much larger except, the more important thing is highly versatile, the specification of graphite planar boat is selected according to the useful space of work box in sintering furnace and product specification, THICKNESS CONTROL is at 5 ~ 7mm, compare the graphite material about round boat saving half, as long as the product that band edge plane boat can be put can be put, without the need to customizing the boat of different size, as long as make the cushion block contour with product with waste and old graphite boat etc., not only reduced boat take but also save vertical space, slug detect, cut the waste, cost-saving, the present invention's band edge boat compared to existing technology can increase single furnace output about 20%, prior art increases carbide alloy output will lean on increase sintering furnace, and sintering furnace one at least hundreds of thousands, up to ten million at most, use the present invention, the huge investment of equipment can be reduced, save cost, improve the market competitiveness,
(2) the little dise knife processing technology of a kind of high accuracy carbide alloy of the present invention, tungsten carbide, the combination of spherical cobalt powder and chromium carbide particles granularity and proportioning can guarantee the sharp toughness that can embody again use of the edge of a knife, this combines because the fine grained of the 0.6 ~ 1.0um having 70 ~ 90% ensure that the sharp of cutting edge, the sharp cutting resistance of cutting edge is little, effectively reduce cutting temperature, the even dislocation of the tungsten carbide of partially thick 3 ~ 6um in 10 ~ 30% is had to fill, curve is torn when effectively changing alloy spring mouth, enhance toughness, good toughness, well avoid again edge of a knife spring mouth when beating, so the little dise knife material therefor of carbide alloy of the present invention, guarantee compared with the excellent cutting effect of adverse circumstances bottom tool and superpower service life, alcohol purity is greater than 98%, namely reaches and carries out mixed uniformly object to powder, again reduces the impact of Impurities Upon Product Quality, forming agent is No. 58 paraffin, is better than general rubber and paraffin to the bonding of carbide alloy powder and molding effect,
(3) the little dise knife processing technology of a kind of high accuracy carbide alloy of the present invention, the alcohol recovery device of step 3, is undertaken reclaiming and reusing by dried alcohol, effectively reduces production cost;
(4) the little dise knife processing technology of a kind of high accuracy carbide alloy of the present invention, the dedicated processes case described in step 6 is showering recycling graphite device, effectively avoids the harm of graphite dust to human respiratory and the pollution to environment;
(5) the little dise knife processing technology of a kind of high accuracy carbide alloy of the present invention, special coating described in step 6 comprises PEG4000, aquadag, high abrasion carbon black, Tween 80, ultra-fine alumina and pure water, it is all common raw material, composition is simple, cost is low, and takes full advantage of the dissolubility of PEG4000 and fusible advantage;
(6) the little dise knife processing technology of a kind of high accuracy carbide alloy of the present invention, with the special coating strong adaptability that formula and the preparation method of described special coating make, both be applicable to rubber process and be also applicable to paraffin technology, all hart metal products can be sintered, the carburizing of product, decarburization or distortion can not be caused to scrap, and the reason that effectively prevent because of coating causes hart metal product to scrap;
(7) the little dise knife processing technology of a kind of high accuracy carbide alloy of the present invention, the sheet material after the cushion block described in step 7 and step 5 punching press is contour, and cushion block keeps point-blank up and down; Be that cushion block supports during the closed assembly stove of step 7 middle level, alloy product surrounding is unlimited, and unblocked when forming agent is discharged, forming agent gas can not stop at alloy surface, is conducive to improving the quality of products; And during the band edge boat shove charge of prior art, that limit superposes up with limit, that is hart metal product is enclosed in inside boat, when sintering gets rid of forming agent, the forming agent gas of discharging also will be drained from the pore of graphite boat, the gas of discharging in alloy product can not be drained in time, is easy to the quality problems causing product carburizing or decarburization;
(8) the little dise knife processing technology of a kind of high accuracy carbide alloy of the present invention, described cushion block waste and old graphite planar boat or leftover pieces make, and reduce production cost; Represent different height by different shapes, be convenient to the classification process of product after coming out of the stove; Length and width is monolateral is not less than 5mm, is not more than 20mm, adapts to the thickness of various hard tough products; After cutting out material by specification during making, plain grinding, graphite material will be saved compared to existing technology, reduce graphite ashes to the pollution of environment, and the band edge boat of prior art will by after the specification sanction material of band edge, by the mid portion on limit, upper milling machine mills, mill out the graphite ashes come and cause waste, and environmental pollution is very large;
(9) the little dise knife processing technology of a kind of high accuracy carbide alloy of the present invention, alcohol recovery device is that whole device provides negative pressure system by the use of vavuum pump, the setting of chilled water mechanism makes condenser complete the liquefaction of alcohol completely, avoids alcohol escaping gas enter vavuum pump and damage in vavuum pump; The a small amount of slip sucked is separated by gas-solid separator, avoids solid material to enter condenser, and whole apparatus structure is reasonable, easily operates, has both reached the object complete for alcohol recycle and reuse reduced costs, in turn ensure that the service life of vavuum pump;
(10) the little dise knife processing technology of a kind of high accuracy carbide alloy of the present invention, can process as the graphite powder of operating desk to graphite planar boat surface on the screen cloth of showering recycling graphite device, dust catcher is that showering recycling graphite device provides negative pressure, the graphite dust of process is drawn in whole device, the combination of the shape of falling M demixing plate and spray nozzle makes graphite dust be punched into body bottom portion by water completely, the combination of water pump and filter mechanism makes the water of whole device recycle, the graphite being punched into body bottom portion is recycled by graphite collecting mechanism, whole device effectively avoids the harm of graphite dust to human respiratory and the pollution to environment, and graphite is carried out recycling, reduce the production cost of whole technique,
(11) the little dise knife processing technology of a kind of high accuracy carbide alloy of the present invention, can enhance productivity more than 50%, for identical production capacity, can reduce equipment investment; The recovery comprehensive utilization device of each step, can save the energy, lowers production cost, enhances one's market competitiveness.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is production technological process of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is alcohol recovery device schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is showering recycling graphite device schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is carbide alloy of the present invention little dise knife finished product schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is carbide alloy of the present invention little dise knife finished product side view;
Fig. 6 is schematic diagram after the little dise knife knife edge part of carbide alloy of the present invention amplifies.
Number in the figure illustrates: 1, gas-solid separator; 2, condenser; 3, temporary storage tank; 4, vavuum pump; 5, chilled water mechanism; 11, solid collection tank; 21, air entry; 22, water pump; 23, spray nozzle; 24, demixing plate; 25, filter mechanism; 26, graphite collecting mechanism; 27, screen cloth; 30, little dise knife blade.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
The little dise knife processing technology of a kind of high accuracy carbide alloy of the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, the steps include:
Step one, batching: the various powders by carbide alloy: the following formulated of tungsten carbide, spherical cobalt powder and chromium carbide: the mass ratio of tungsten carbide, spherical cobalt powder, chromium carbide is: tungsten carbide 80%, spherical cobalt powder 19.3%, chromium carbide 0.7%;
Step 2, ball mill mix:
The powder that A, the alcohol 56L adding 99% purity in ball mill by weight ratio, No. 58 wax moulding agent 2.4 kilograms and step one prepare;
B, start ball mill, in ball mill bat effect under, polish and be mixed into slip;
Step 3, drying: slip is proceeded in vacuum drying oven and carry out drying, in irregular particle shape after dry, in vacuum drying oven, alcohol reclaims by external alcohol recovery device, recycling;
As shown in Figure 2, described alcohol recovery device comprises gas-solid separator 1, condenser 2, temporary storage tank 3, vavuum pump 4 and chilled water mechanism 5, wherein: be provided with solid collection tank 11 bottom described gas-solid separator 1, and be connected by pipeline with vacuum drying oven at its napex; Described condenser 2 is double layers of tank body structure, and the top of its inside is connected with gas-solid separator 1 by pipeline, and the bottom of its inside is connected by pipeline with temporary storage tank 3; Described temporary storage tank 3 is connected with vavuum pump 4 by pipeline; The interlayer top of described condenser 2 is connected with chilled water mechanism 5 delivery port and water inlet respectively by pipeline with bottom, and forms the water route of circulation;
Step 4, wiping sieve: Powdered in 60 orders after dried granular material being carried out wiping sieve;
Step 5, punching press: powder material is pressed product weight and the punch forming of specification requirement oil pressure stamping machine in the form of sheets;
The pre-treatment of step 6, graphite planar boat: boundless dull and stereotyped boat made by the high purity graphite that graphite planar boat selects two leachings three to roast, and specification is 400mm*400mm*6mm, flatness 0.08mm, shape are square, density is 1.9 tons/cubic metre:
A, graphite planar boat surface graphite powder to be rooted out in showering recycling graphite device;
As shown in Figure 3, described showering recycling graphite device comprises body, the L-shaped case structure of described body, and comprise the side box body and under casing body that are connected, side box body is provided with air entry 21, spray nozzle 23, demixing plate 24; Under casing body is provided with filter mechanism 25, graphite collecting mechanism 26 and screen cloth 27, wherein: described side box body top is connected with dust catcher by air entry 21, and described demixing plate 24 has 4 pieces, is fixed on the inner side of side box body left and right sides plate in the shape of falling M; Described spray nozzle 23 is three groups, upper, middle and lower, upper and lower two groups of inner sides being fixed on side box body left plate, middle one group of inner side being fixed on side box body right plate; The filter mechanism 25 that described water pump 22 one end is arranged by pipeline and under casing body bottom left is connected, and the other end and three groups of spray nozzles pass through pipeline communication; Described graphite collecting mechanism 26 is arranged on the right side of end bottom half, and described screen cloth 27 is fixed on the upper surface of under casing body, as the operating desk to graphite planar boat surface graphite powder;
B, in vacuum drying oven, be warmed up to 1500 DEG C of calcinings, be incubated 3 hours;
C, cooling: the graphite planar boat after sintering soak is cooled to room temperature;
D, coating make: take PEG40001 kilogram, aquadag 2 kilograms, high abrasion carbon black 2 kilograms, ultra-fine alumina 1 kilogram, Tween 80 is 0.5 kilogram, pure water 3 kilograms; First PEG4000 is dissolved in pure water, then other component is added in PEG4000 lysate is successively uniformly mixed;
E, swabbing: the special coating of step on surface brush one deck of graphite planar boat;
Step 7, stacked: to be 20 of ￠ 380mm* ￠ 200*6mm by the product specification of the sheet material after step 5 punching press, 30 of 320mm*320mm*5.0mm, 200 of 180mm*180mm*3.0mm, 100 of 150mm*150mm*2.0mm, 200 of 70mm*70mm*2.0mm, put into the upper surface of the graphite planar boat that step 6 is handled well, then layering superposition, cushion block interlayer is used between every layer, be ￠ 6mm*6mm by specification respectively, 8mm*8mm*5mm, 6mm*4mm*3mm, ￠ 6mm*2mm, ￠ 8mm*2mm cushion block, cushion block keeps point-blank up and down, cushion block waste and old graphite planar boat or leftover pieces make,
Step 8, sintering, proceed to stacked good material in vacuum-sintering integral furnace and sinter;
A, to sinter by the sintering vacuum-temperature process curve set;
B, to come out of the stove, after having sintered, come out of the stove and produce carbide alloy blank;
Step 9, inner circle are processed: after coming out of the stove, alloy blank is processed at inner circle grinding machine grinding machine, use ￠ 150*20*20*10mm skive to process; Inner circle deviation ￠ 168.3+0.1mm or ￠ 168.3+0.05mm after processing;
Step 10, cylindrical process: use cylindrical grinder processing, use ￠ 400*50*203*10mm skive to process, after processing, finished product external diameter is ￠ 270+1.0mm;
Step 11, plane treatment: use surface grinding machine to process, carbide cutter tool uses ￠ 350*40*127*10mm titanium nitride element skive to process, finished product thickness 1.4 ± 0.02mm, the depth of parallelism≤0.05mm after process; Flatness≤0.05mm; Surface roughness 0.4 μm; Fineness 0.32 μm;
Step 12, large edge of a knife processing: in multi-purpose grinding machine processing, use bowl-type ￠ 125*40*32*5*7mm titanium nitride element skive to carry out roughly grinding to blade angle 0.6 degree, line mouth 1.1mm, edge of a knife width 30mm, roughness 0.8 μm, fineness 0.63 μm; Re-use bowl-type ￠ 125*40*32*5*7mm titanium nitride element skive to carry out refining to surface roughness 0.025 μm, fineness 0.02 μm; Carry out chamfered again, namely use chamfering drilling machine ￠ 166mm*45 degree diamond-impregnated wheel interior circular hole and each aperture two sides to be fallen miter angle and get rid of machined burrs, and make inside hole smooth;
Step 13, the little edge of a knife are processed: in multi-purpose grinding machine processing, use bowl-type ￠ 125*40*32*5*7mm titanium nitride element skive to carry out roughly grinding to blade angle 22 degree, cutting edge of a knife or a sword mouth edge of a knife width 2.83mm, roughness 0.8 μm, fineness 0.63 μm; Re-use bowl-type ￠ 125*40*32*5*7mm titanium nitride element skive to carry out refining to surface roughness 0.025 μm, fineness 0.02 μm; External diameter controls at 270+0.5mm or 270+0.0mm simultaneously, produces the little dise knife of carbide alloy as shown in Figure 4.
Just can install above all 550 semi-finished product with graphite planar boat one stove in the present embodiment technique, and can only fill with the boat of prior art the product being no more than 2/3rds, when delivering from godown, blade is easy to take out, and illustrates that special coating isolation effect is good; Whole batch is reclaimed 2.34 kilograms, paraffin, the rate of recovery 97.5%; Recovered alcohol: 52L, alcohol recycle rate 92.8%; Reclaim 560 grams, graphite, avoid the harm of graphite dust to human body and the pollution of environment; As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, the little dise knife surface roughness of the carbide alloy of production 0.025 μm, fineness 0.02 μm; The blade angle 32 degree of little dise knife blade 30, cutting edge of a knife or a sword mouth edge of a knife width 1.39mm, through inspection, cut ceramic tile 5 tons not jump mouth, blade angle remains on 32 degree, cutting edge of a knife or a sword mouth edge of a knife width 1.37mm, slightly change, illustrate that the little dise knife of carbide alloy that a kind of high accuracy of the present embodiment carbide alloy little dise knife processing technology is produced also is having excellent cutting effect and superpower service life compared with adverse circumstances bottom tool.
Embodiment 2
The manufacture craft of a kind of carbide alloy of the present embodiment, basic step is with embodiment 1, difference is: the following formulated of tungsten carbide, spherical cobalt powder and chromium carbide in step one: the mass ratio of tungsten carbide, spherical cobalt powder, chromium carbide is: tungsten carbide 85%, spherical cobalt powder 14.5%, chromium carbide 0.5%; After wiping sieve described in step 4, powder material is 180 orders; 5 hours are incubated in the calcining of graphite planar boat in step 6, specification is 450mm*450mm*6mm and 450mm*300mm*7mm two kinds of specifications, special coating weight portion is separately: PEG40001.5 kilogram, aquadag 1 kilogram, high abrasion carbon black 1.5 kilograms, ultra-fine alumina 0.5 kilogram, Tween 80 is 0.95 kilogram, pure water 4 kilograms; The half-finished specification of the carbide alloy that will sinter in step 7 is 40 of 320mm*320mm*2.0mm, 200,100 of 150mm*150mm*5.0mm, 200 of 70mm*70mm*6.0mm of 180mm*180mm*3.0mm, makes graphite pads block specifications and is: ￠ 6mm*2mm, 6mm*4mm*3mm, 8mm*8mm*5mm, ￠ 6mm*6mm with scrapping boat or boat side corner material.
Just can install 540 all products with graphite planar boat one stove in the present embodiment technique, production efficiency is high; When delivering from godown, blade is easy to take out, and illustrates that special coating isolation effect is good; Whole batch is reclaimed 2.33 kilograms, paraffin, the rate of recovery 97.0%; Recovered alcohol: 53L, alcohol recycle rate 94.6%; Reclaim 590 grams, graphite, avoid the harm of graphite dust to human body and the pollution of environment; The little dise knife surface roughness of carbide alloy 0.025 μm, the fineness 0.02 μm of producing; The blade angle 32 degree of little dise knife blade 30, cutting edge of a knife or a sword mouth edge of a knife width 1.39mm, through inspection, cut ceramic tile 6 tons not jump mouth, blade angle remains on 32 degree, cutting edge of a knife or a sword mouth edge of a knife width 1.36mm, slightly change, illustrate that the little dise knife of carbide alloy that a kind of high accuracy of the present embodiment carbide alloy little dise knife processing technology is produced also is having excellent cutting effect and superpower service life compared with adverse circumstances bottom tool.
Embodiment 3
The manufacture craft of a kind of carbide alloy of the present embodiment, basic step is with embodiment 1, difference is: the following formulated of tungsten carbide, spherical cobalt powder and chromium carbide in step one: the mass ratio of tungsten carbide, spherical cobalt powder, chromium carbide is: tungsten carbide 89.6%, spherical cobalt powder 10%, chromium carbide 0.4%; The alcohol 39L of 99% purity, No. 58 wax moulding agent 1.67 kilograms is added in the mixing of step 2, ball mill; After wiping sieve described in step 4, powder material is 120 orders; 3 hours are incubated in the calcining of graphite planar boat in step 6, specification is the dull and stereotyped boat of circular graphitic of ￠ 450mm*6mm, special coating weight portion is separately: PEG40002.0 kilogram, aquadag 1.5 kilograms, high abrasion carbon black 1 kilogram, ultra-fine alumina 0.75 kilogram, Tween 80 is 0.7 kilogram, pure water 5 kilograms; The half-finished specification of the carbide alloy that will sinter in step 7 is 350 of ￠ 450mm*6mm; In step 8, the work box specification of vacuum-sintering integral furnace is: 1200mm*450mm*450mm.
The present embodiment be the dull and stereotyped boat of circular graphitic, dress boat is about 2/3 of square boat, and production efficiency is lower, and when delivering from godown, blade is easy to take out, and illustrates that special coating isolation effect is good; Whole batch is reclaimed 1.64 kilograms, paraffin, the rate of recovery 97.5%; Recovered alcohol: 36, alcohol recycle rate 92.3%; Reclaim 340 grams, graphite, avoid the harm of graphite dust to human body and the pollution of environment; The little dise knife surface roughness of carbide alloy 0.025 μm, fineness 0.02 μm, the blade angle 22 degree produced; The blade angle 32 degree of little dise knife blade 30, cutting edge of a knife or a sword mouth edge of a knife width 1.39mm, through inspection, cut ceramic tile 5 tons not jump mouth, blade angle remains on 32 degree, cutting edge of a knife or a sword mouth edge of a knife width 1.37mm, slightly change, illustrate the present embodiment a kind of high accuracy carbide alloy little dise knife processing technology produce the little dise knife of carbide alloy also having excellent cutting effect and superpower service life compared with adverse circumstances bottom tool, product quality and embodiment 1 and 2 basically identical.
Below be schematically described the invention and embodiment thereof, actual technical scheme is not limited thereto.So, if those of ordinary skill in the art enlightens by it, when not departing from this creation aim, designing the embodiment similar to this technical scheme without creationary, the protection domain of this patent all should be belonged to.
Claims (10)
1. the little dise knife processing technology of high accuracy carbide alloy, the steps include:
Step one, batching: by the various powders of carbide alloy by formulated;
Step 2, ball mill mix:
A, in ball mill, add the powder that alcohol, forming agent and step one prepare by weight ratio;
B, start ball mill, in ball mill bat effect under, polish and be mixed into slip;
Step 3, drying: proceeded to by slip in vacuum drying oven and carry out drying, in irregular particle shape after dry;
Step 4, wiping sieve: be Powdered after dried granular material being carried out wiping sieve;
Step 5, punching press: powder material is pressed product weight and the punch forming of specification requirement oil pressure stamping machine in the form of sheets;
The pre-treatment of step 6, graphite planar boat:
A, graphite planar boat surface graphite powder to be rooted out in dedicated processes case;
B, in vacuum drying oven, be warmed up to 1500 DEG C of calcinings, be incubated 3 ~ 5 hours;
C, cooling: the graphite planar boat after sintering soak is cooled to room temperature;
D, swabbing: at surface brush one deck special coating of graphite planar boat;
Step 7, stacked: the upper surface sheet material after step 5 punching press being put into the graphite planar boat that step 6 is handled well, then layering superposition, uses cushion block interlayer between every layer;
Step 8, sintering, proceed to stacked good material in vacuum-sintering integral furnace and sinter;
A, to sinter by the sintering vacuum-temperature process curve set;
B, to come out of the stove, after having sintered, come out of the stove and produce carbide alloy blank;
Step 9, inner circle are processed: after coming out of the stove, alloy blank is processed at inner circle grinding machine grinding machine, use ￠ 150*20*20*10mm skive to process; Inner circle deviation ￠ 168.3+0.1mm or ￠ 168.3+0.05mm after processing;
Step 10, cylindrical process: use cylindrical grinder processing, use ￠ 400*50*203*10mm skive to process, after processing, finished product external diameter is ￠ 270+1.0mm;
Step 11, plane treatment: use surface grinding machine to process, carbide cutter tool uses ￠ 350*40*127*10mm titanium nitride element skive to process, finished product thickness 1.4 ± 0.02mm, the depth of parallelism≤0.05mm after process; Flatness≤0.05mm; Surface roughness 0.4 μm; Fineness 0.32 μm;
Step 12, large edge of a knife processing: in multi-purpose grinding machine processing, use bowl-type ￠ 125*40*32*5*7mm titanium nitride element skive to carry out roughly grinding to blade angle 0.6 degree, line mouth 1.1mm, edge of a knife width 30mm, roughness 0.8 μm, fineness 0.63 μm; Re-use bowl-type ￠ 125*40*32*5*7mm titanium nitride element skive to carry out refining to surface roughness 0.025 μm, fineness 0.02 μm; Carry out chamfered again, namely use chamfering drilling machine ￠ 166mm*45 degree diamond-impregnated wheel interior circular hole and each aperture two sides to be fallen miter angle and get rid of machined burrs, and make inside hole smooth;
Step 13, the little edge of a knife are processed: in multi-purpose grinding machine processing, use bowl-type ￠ 125*40*32*5*7mm titanium nitride element skive to carry out roughly grinding to blade angle 22 degree, cutting edge of a knife or a sword mouth edge of a knife width 2.83mm, roughness 0.8 μm, fineness 0.63 μm; Re-use bowl-type ￠ 125*40*32*5*7mm titanium nitride element skive to carry out refining to surface roughness 0.025 μm, fineness 0.02 μm; External diameter controls at 270+0.5mm or 270+0.0mm simultaneously;
Wherein, after the wiping sieve described in step 4, powder material is 60 ~ 180 orders; Graphite planar boat described in step 6 and the cushion block described in step 7 are made by the high purity graphite of two leaching three roastings, and density is greater than 1.8 tons/cubic metre; Described graphite planar boat flatness is less than 0.1mm, thickness is 5 ~ 7mm, shape is square or circular.
2. the little dise knife processing technology of a kind of high accuracy carbide alloy according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the batching described in step one is tungsten carbide, spherical cobalt powder and chromium carbide, the tungsten carbide that described tungsten carbide is respectively 0.6 ~ 1.0um and 3 ~ 6um by granularity forms, the mass ratio of described tungsten carbide, spherical cobalt powder, chromium carbide is: tungsten carbide 80% ~ 90%, spherical cobalt powder 10% ~ 20%, chromium carbide 0.35% ~ 0.7%; Alcohol purity described in step 2 is greater than 98%, forming agent is No. 58 paraffin.
3. the little dise knife processing technology of a kind of high accuracy carbide alloy according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: be provided with alcohol recovery device in the dry run of described step 3.
4. the little dise knife processing technology of a kind of high accuracy carbide alloy according to claim 1 or 2 or No. 3, is characterized in that: the dedicated processes case described in step 6 is showering recycling graphite device.
5. the little dise knife processing technology of a kind of high accuracy carbide alloy according to claim 4, is characterized in that: the special coating described in step 6 comprises PEG4000, aquadag, high abrasion carbon black, Tween 80, ultra-fine alumina and pure water.
6. the little dise knife processing technology of a kind of high accuracy carbide alloy according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described special coating weight portion is separately: PEG400010 ~ 20; Aquadag 10 ~ 20; High abrasion carbon black 10 ~ 20; Ultra-fine alumina 5 ~ 10; Tween 80 accounts for 5-10; Pure water 30 ~ 50, manufacturing process is: be first dissolved in pure water by PEG4000, then other component is added to successively in PEG4000 lysate and is uniformly mixed.
7. the little dise knife processing technology of a kind of high accuracy carbide alloy according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the sheet material after the cushion block described in step 7 and step 5 punching press is contour, and cushion block keeps point-blank up and down.
8. the little dise knife processing technology of a kind of high accuracy carbide alloy according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: the waste and old graphite planar boat of described cushion block or leftover pieces make, represent different height by different shapes, length and width is monolateral is not less than 5mm, is not more than 20mm.
9. the little dise knife processing technology of a kind of high accuracy carbide alloy according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: described alcohol recovery device comprises gas-solid separator (1), condenser (2), temporary storage tank (3), vavuum pump (4) and chilled water mechanism (5), wherein: described gas-solid separator (1) bottom is provided with solid collection tank (11), and is connected by pipeline with vacuum drying oven at its napex; Described condenser (2) is double layers of tank body structure, and the top of its inside is connected with gas-solid separator (1) by pipeline, and the bottom of its inside is connected by pipeline with temporary storage tank (3); Described temporary storage tank (3) is connected with vavuum pump (4) by pipeline; The interlayer top of described condenser (2) is connected with chilled water mechanism (5) delivery port and water inlet respectively by pipeline with bottom, and forms the water route of circulation.
10. the little dise knife processing technology of a kind of high accuracy carbide alloy according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: described showering recycling graphite device comprises body, the L-shaped case structure of described body, comprise the side box body and under casing body that are connected, side box body is provided with air entry (21), spray nozzle (23), demixing plate (24); Under casing body is provided with filter mechanism (25), graphite collecting mechanism (26) and screen cloth (27), wherein: described side box body top is connected with dust catcher by air entry (21), described demixing plate (24) has 4 pieces, is fixed on the inner side of side box body left and right sides plate in the shape of falling M; Described spray nozzle (23) is three groups, upper, middle and lower, upper and lower two groups of inner sides being fixed on side box body left plate, middle one group of inner side being fixed on side box body right plate; The filter mechanism (25) that described water pump (22) one end is arranged by pipeline and under casing body bottom left is connected, and the other end and three groups of spray nozzles pass through pipeline communication; Described graphite collecting mechanism (26) is arranged on the right side of end bottom half, and described screen cloth (27) is fixed on the upper surface of under casing body, as the operating desk to graphite planar boat surface graphite powder.
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| CN114309614A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-04-12 | 乐清市跃宇合金材料有限公司 | Preparation method of alloy blade for step lock hole drilling |
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