CN104439077A - Wax tree structure for forming high-temperature alloy single-crystal turbine blade - Google Patents
Wax tree structure for forming high-temperature alloy single-crystal turbine blade Download PDFInfo
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- CN104439077A CN104439077A CN201410770230.6A CN201410770230A CN104439077A CN 104439077 A CN104439077 A CN 104439077A CN 201410770230 A CN201410770230 A CN 201410770230A CN 104439077 A CN104439077 A CN 104439077A
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- wax
- blade
- turbine blade
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- mould
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
- B22C9/04—Use of lost patterns
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C7/00—Patterns; Manufacture thereof so far as not provided for in other classes
- B22C7/02—Lost patterns
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/22—Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a wax tree structure for forming a high-temperature alloy single-crystal turbine blade. The turbine blade is provided with an edge plate part projecting from the peripheral wall of the blade body part; the wax tree structure for forming is used in a precision-casting shell-making process; the wax tree is provided with a blade wax mold corresponding to the contour shape of the turbine blade; the blade wax mold is formed slantwise on the wax tree; the edge of each part of the blade wax mold is inclined. The wax tree structure for forming the high-temperature alloy single-crystal turbine blade has the advantages that the edge of each part of the blade mold cavity of the formed mold shell can be effectively prevented from being in a horizontal and transverse state, the edges are kept inclined, and therefore, the mixed crystal defects due to excessive projecting and dropping of the corners of the edge plates of the blade mold cavity can be reduced and even avoided in an directional solidification process, and consequently, the single crystal rate yield of the blade can be increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the hot investment casting of high-temperature alloy part, specifically the shaping wax tree structure of a kind of high temperature alloy monocrystalline turbine blade.
Background technology
Because single crystal organization can improve the performance of high-temperature alloy part significantly, thus, single crystal technology is applied to the vane manufacturing of industry gas turbine more and more.Turbine blade entire body is axially extended sleeve configuration structure, and its blade portion can reliably realization crystal growth sequentially in directional solidification processes.But, normally have from the listrium portion of blade portion perisporium projection between the blade root of turbine blade and blade portion, namely the cross-sectional area in listrium portion is greater than blade root cross-sectional area/blade cross section and amasss, and the contour shape of whole turbine blade trends towards being similar to " crosswise ".Due to this architectural characteristic of turbine blade, make the junction in blade portion and blade root and listrium portion that the unexpected expansion of cross section occur, thus in directional solidification processes, place of listrium portion can form larger too early cooling and solidify, this too early cooling, solidify and will directly to cause in shaping turbine blade stray crystal defect to produce, and then the monocrystalline molding structure of turbine blade is destroyed.
See Fig. 1: the shaping wax tree structure of existing high temperature alloy turbine blade forming die shell is: the blade wax mould 1 being provided with corresponding designing requirement " crosswise " turbine blade on wax tree, can sequentially grow in order to ensure monocrystal in directional solidification processes, blade wax mould 1 is set to type with axially perpendicular on wax tree, namely the blade portion 13 of blade wax mould 1 and blade root 11 are axially perpendicular puts, basically identical with the axial direction of wax tree, only there is the listrium portion 12 of blade wax mould 1 axially horizontal between perpendicular blade portion 13 of putting and blade root 11, radially expand, this is especially with the edge 14(in listrium portion 12 and maximum projection wheel limit) lateral projection is more obvious, the bottom in blade portion 13 is provided with to be selected brilliant wax-pattern 2(and opens brilliant wax-pattern 3 one), with this forming die shell in directional solidification processes, formwork is placed on water-cooled copper dish, opens brilliant die cavity and contacts with water-cooled copper dish.Though this forming die shell makes the crystal growth that can realize order in axial perpendicular blade portion of putting in directional solidification, but the horizontal listrium portion of level is because of the unexpected expansion of cross section, then very easily there is stray crystal in the edge in listrium portion, and then the monocrystalline growth " impetus " that listrium portion is inner and blade root is inner is destroyed, namely the monocrystalline molding structure of whole turbine blade is destroyed, and reliably, effectively cannot cast out high performance high temperature alloy monocrystalline turbine blade.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention of the present invention is: for architectural characteristic and the deficiencies in the prior art of above-mentioned turbine blade, provides a kind of institute forming die shell reliably can realize the shaping wax tree structure of high temperature alloy monocrystalline turbine blade of monocrystal order growth.
The technical solution used in the present invention is: the shaping wax tree structure of a kind of high temperature alloy monocrystalline turbine blade, and described turbine blade has the listrium portion from blade portion perisporium projection; Use in the process for making shell that described shaping wax tree structure is cast in essence, wax tree has the blade wax mould of corresponding turbine blade contour shape, described blade wax mould is shaping in an inclined manner on wax tree, and each position seamed edge of blade wax mould is skewed.
Described wax tree also has and selects brilliant wax-pattern and Qi Jing wax-pattern; The brilliant wax-pattern of described choosing and Qi Jing wax-pattern are shaping in an inclined manner on wax tree, and their incline direction is consistent with the blade portion incline direction of blade wax mould.
The angle of inclination of the brilliant wax-pattern of described choosing and Qi Jing wax-pattern is equal to or greater than the angle of inclination, blade portion of blade wax mould.
Described bottom of opening brilliant wax-pattern is provided with heat carrier.
Described heat carrier is wedge structure.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1. the present invention is by shaping in an inclined manner at wax tree by blade wax mould, thus the leaf cavities that effectively prevent gained forming die shell each position seamed edge is in the horizontal state of level, guarantee that they tilt, and then in directional solidification processes, can reduce, even stop leaf cavities listrium portion edge because excessively to protrude and sagging and the stray crystal defect that causes produces, thus improve the monocrystalline yield rate of blade;
2. the present invention is by adjusting direction of heat flow by the brilliant device that opens of institute's forming die shell to be in tilted layout, and then the blade portion of the crystal orientation of monocrystalline and turbine blade can be made axially to reach unanimity, and can realize the optimization of turbine blade structural behaviour;
3. the present invention by institute's forming die shell open in brilliant die cavity arrange adjustment direction of heat flow heat carrier, strengthening the adjustment to opening direction of heat flow in brilliant device, reliably guaranteeing the optimization of turbine blade structural behaviour.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further illustrated.
Fig. 1 is the shaping wax-pattern structural representation of existing axial vertically placed type turbine blade forming die shell.
Fig. 2 is a kind of structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is another kind of structural representation of the present invention.
Code name implication in figure: 1-blade wax mould; 11-blade root; 12-listrium portion; 13-blade portion; 14-edge; 2-select brilliant wax-pattern; 3-open brilliant wax-pattern; 4-heat carrier.
Detailed description of the invention
embodiment 1
See Fig. 2: the present invention is the shaping wax tree structure of the shaping ceramic shell mould of a kind of high temperature alloy monocrystalline turbine blade, has the listrium portion from blade portion perisporium projection between the blade portion of this turbine blade and blade root.The present invention specifically essence casting process for making shell in use, guarantee institute's forming ceramic formwork in directional solidification processes institute shaping turbine blade high temperature alloy can realize monocrystal order grow.Wax tree structure of the present invention has blade wax mould 1, selects brilliant wax-pattern 2 and Qi Jing wax-pattern 3.
Wherein, the turbine blade contour shape of the corresponding designing requirement of the spatial form of blade wax mould 1, is namely made up of blade root 11 from top to bottom, listrium portion 12 and blade portion 13 and levels off to " crosswise " structure.This blade wax mould 1 is shaping in an inclined manner on wax tree, namely blade portion 13(also includes blade root 11) axis and the axis of wax tree form slanted angle, the choosing value scope of this slanted angle is between 0 ~ 45 ° and must not be end value, usually preferred median is carried out according to the architectural feature of design turbine blade itself, such as 20 °, 30 °, 40 ° etc., in a word, the final purpose of these choosing values is each position (comprising blade root 11, listrium portion 12 and the blade portion 13) seamed edges must guaranteeing blade wax mould 1 is skewed; And the listrium portion of the leaf cavities of forming ceramic formwork realizes single crystal growth smoothly in directional solidification in order to enable, the listrium portion 12 of blade wax mould 1 protrudes maximum wheel limit (i.e. edge 14) and should upwarp, tilt from blade portion 13, can be delayed this with this and be in cool time in directional solidification processes, produce to avoid stray crystal defect.
In order to ensure forming ceramic formwork leaf cavities in high temperature alloy monocrystal in directional solidification can sequentially grow, the above-mentioned wax tree with blade wax mould 1 is also provided with and selects brilliant wax-pattern 2 and Qi Jing wax-pattern 3, below the brilliant wax-pattern 2 of this choosing and the integrated blade wax mould 1 be arranged in wax tree of Qi Jing wax-pattern 3, shaping in an inclined manner, concrete angle of inclination is: guarantee that their axial direction is consistent with blade portion 13 axial direction of blade wax mould 1, namely parallel or parallel as far as possible; But, due to the impact of thermograde in directional solidification furnace, the ceramic shell mould hot-fluid opened in brilliant device has downward component, not exclusively be parallel to the axis of Qi Jingqi, thus for offsetting this impact, can be larger by the angle of inclination of opening brilliant wax-pattern 3 on wax tree, the slanted angle namely opened between the axis of brilliant wax-pattern 3 and the axis of wax tree is greater than the slanted angle between blade portion 13 axis and wax tree axis, usually choose reasonable within the scope of 10 °.Such institute forming ceramic formwork can adjust the crystal orientation of monocrystalline turbine blade and the reaching unanimity of blade portion axis in directional solidification.
The assembling of the shaping wax tree structure of above-mentioned high temperature alloy monocrystalline turbine blade and the method for forming ceramic formwork, specifically comprise following order step:
1). the design shape according to turbine blade makes blade wax mould, and the choosing of one is brilliant and open brilliant wax-pattern; According to incline direction on wax tree chassis of the architectural feature determination blade wax mould of institute's formed blades wax-pattern and angle, rationally the determining of incline direction guarantees that the maximum protrusion wheel limit, listrium portion in blade wax mould upwarps, angle of inclination rationally determine to guarantee that each position seamed edge of blade wax mould all tilts and guarantees to select brilliant and open reliable the installations inclination of brilliant wax-pattern;
2). the incline direction determined according to step 1) and angle are brilliant and open brilliant wax-pattern correspondence and be arranged on wax tree chassis by blade wax mould, choosing; Blade wax mould is erected in an inclined manner on wax tree chassis put, blade wax mould is off-centered skewed on wax tree chassis; Make choosing crystalline substance and open the below that brilliant wax-pattern is in blade wax mould, being arranged on wax tree chassis with the direction corresponding to blade wax mould blade portion axis;
3). drench the method for sand in step 2 with sticky oar repeatedly) wax tree on make ceramic shell mould; Ceramic shell mould is dewaxed, burns residual wax and sintering processes, obtain turbine blade forming die shell.
The concrete use of above-mentioned ceramic shell mould in directional solidification processes is:
1). ceramic shell mould is placed on the vacuum oriented water-cooled copper dish solidified in stove, grinds at the bottom of the shell of ceramic shell mould in advance if desired, make the chassis lower surface of formwork and the upper surface of water-cooled copper dish form close contact;
2). ceramic shell mould is risen up in heating clamber, close fire door, vacuumize, heater, be preheated to design temperature, the high temperature alloy after fusing is poured in ceramic shell mould; High temperature alloy melt is by the heat radiation to water-cooled copper dish, along with ceramic shell mould is to the decline of cold house, some the cylindrulite crystal grain opened in brilliant device are grown in the crystal selector of narrow curved, through vying each other, finally only have a crystal grain grow and enter in blade portion, the monocrystalline becoming blade portion solidifies; During in listrium portion by solidification zone, suitably to reduce drawing velocity, make freezing interface slowly enter the listrium portion of inclination by blade portion, by the edge consecutive solidification in listrium portion be elevated;
3). after process of setting terminates, open after vacuum is put in mold cold house, take out and break formwork, take out foundry goods;
4). check casting quality, statistics monocrystalline yield rate, measures the crystal orientation in blade portion; The angle of inclination of blade and Qi Jingqi is adjusted, to reach optimum efficiency according to result.
embodiment 2
See Fig. 3: the present invention is the shaping wax tree structure of the shaping ceramic shell mould of a kind of high temperature alloy monocrystalline turbine blade, has the listrium portion from blade portion perisporium projection between the blade portion of this turbine blade and blade root.The present invention specifically essence casting process for making shell in use, guarantee institute's forming ceramic formwork in directional solidification processes institute shaping turbine blade high temperature alloy can realize monocrystal order grow.Wax tree structure of the present invention has blade wax mould 1, selects brilliant wax-pattern 2 and Qi Jing wax-pattern 3.
Wherein, the turbine blade contour shape of the corresponding designing requirement of the spatial form of blade wax mould 1, is namely made up of blade root 11 from top to bottom, listrium portion 12 and blade portion 13 and levels off to " crosswise " structure.This blade wax mould 1 is shaping in an inclined manner on wax tree, namely blade portion 13(also includes blade root 11) axis and the axis of wax tree form slanted angle, the choosing value scope of this slanted angle is between 0 ~ 45 ° and must not be end value, usually preferred median is carried out according to the architectural feature of design turbine blade itself, such as 20 °, 30 °, 40 ° etc., in a word, the final purpose of these choosing values is each position (comprising blade root 11, listrium portion 12 and the blade portion 13) seamed edges must guaranteeing blade wax mould 1 is skewed; And the listrium portion of the leaf cavities of forming ceramic formwork realizes single crystal growth smoothly in directional solidification in order to enable, the listrium portion 12 of blade wax mould 1 protrudes maximum wheel limit (i.e. edge 14) and should upwarp, tilt from blade portion 13, can be delayed this with this and be in cool time in directional solidification processes, produce to avoid stray crystal defect.
In order to ensure forming ceramic formwork leaf cavities in high temperature alloy monocrystal in directional solidification can sequentially grow, the above-mentioned wax tree with blade wax mould 1 is also provided with and selects brilliant wax-pattern 2 and Qi Jing wax-pattern 3, below the brilliant wax-pattern 2 of this choosing and the integrated blade wax mould 1 be arranged in wax tree of Qi Jing wax-pattern 3, shaping in an inclined manner, concrete angle of inclination is: guarantee that their axial direction is consistent with blade portion 13 axial direction of blade wax mould 1, namely parallel or parallel as far as possible.Open the axial hot-fluid of brilliant device and grain growth direction in order to what reliably adjust institute's forming ceramic formwork, be provided with heat carrier 4 that is copper or forming graphite, the wedge structure that this heat carrier 4 tilts for upper surface opening in bottom brilliant wax-pattern 3 of wax tree.Such institute forming ceramic formwork can adjust the crystal orientation of monocrystalline turbine blade and the reaching unanimity of blade portion axis in directional solidification, reliably guarantees the optimization of turbine blade structural behaviour.
The assembling of the shaping wax tree structure of above-mentioned high temperature alloy monocrystalline turbine blade and the method for forming ceramic formwork, specifically comprise following order step:
1). the design shape according to turbine blade makes blade wax mould, and the choosing of one is brilliant and open brilliant wax-pattern; According to incline direction on wax tree chassis of the architectural feature determination blade wax mould of institute's formed blades wax-pattern and angle, rationally the determining of incline direction guarantees that the maximum protrusion wheel limit, listrium portion in blade wax mould upwarps, angle of inclination rationally determine to guarantee that each position seamed edge of blade wax mould all tilts and guarantees to select brilliant and open reliable the installations inclination of brilliant wax-pattern;
2). the incline direction determined according to step 1) and angle are brilliant and open brilliant wax-pattern correspondence and be arranged on wax tree chassis by blade wax mould, choosing; Blade wax mould is erected in an inclined manner on wax tree chassis put, blade wax mould is off-centered skewed on wax tree chassis; Make choosing crystalline substance and open the below that brilliant wax-pattern is in blade wax mould, being arranged on wax tree chassis with the direction corresponding to blade wax mould blade portion axis, the wedge shape heat carrier of copper/forming graphite is arranged on the bottom of opening brilliant wax-pattern;
3). drench the method for sand in step 2 with sticky oar repeatedly) wax tree on make ceramic shell mould; Ceramic shell mould is dewaxed, burns residual wax and sintering processes, obtain turbine blade forming die shell.
The concrete use of above-mentioned ceramic shell mould in directional solidification processes is:
1). be placed on by ceramic shell mould on the vacuum oriented water-cooled copper dish solidified in stove, the heat carrier bottom surface that ceramic shell mould opens in brilliant die cavity contacts with water-cooled copper dish upper surface; Grind at the bottom of the shell of ceramic shell mould in advance if desired, the upper surface making ceramic shell mould open heat carrier bottom surface in brilliant die cavity and water-cooled copper dish forms close contact;
2). ceramic shell mould is risen up in heating clamber, close fire door, vacuumize, heater, be preheated to design temperature, the high temperature alloy after fusing is poured in ceramic shell mould; High temperature alloy melt is by the heat radiation to water-cooled copper dish, along with ceramic shell mould is to the decline of cold house, some the cylindrulite crystal grain opened in brilliant device are grown in the crystal selector of narrow curved, through vying each other, finally only have a crystal grain grow and enter in blade portion, the monocrystalline becoming blade portion solidifies; During in listrium portion by solidification zone, suitably to reduce drawing velocity, make freezing interface slowly enter the listrium portion of inclination by blade portion, by the edge consecutive solidification in listrium portion be elevated;
3). after process of setting terminates, open after vacuum is put in mold cold house, take out and break formwork, take out foundry goods; Heat carrier is reclaimed, gives over to and use next time;
4). check casting quality, statistics monocrystalline yield rate, measures the crystal orientation in blade portion; The angle of inclination of blade and Qi Jingqi is adjusted, to reach optimum efficiency according to result.
The various embodiments described above only in order to the present invention to be described, are not intended to limit.Although with reference to the various embodiments described above to invention has been detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: it still can be modified to the concrete technical scheme of the various embodiments described above, or carries out equivalent replacement to wherein portion of techniques feature; And these amendments or replacement, do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution depart from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. the shaping wax tree structure of high temperature alloy monocrystalline turbine blade, described turbine blade has the listrium portion from blade portion perisporium projection; Use in the process for making shell that described shaping wax tree structure is cast in essence, wax tree has the blade wax mould (1) of corresponding turbine blade contour shape, it is characterized in that: described blade wax mould (1) is shaping in an inclined manner on wax tree, each position seamed edge of blade wax mould (1) is skewed.
2. the shaping wax tree structure of high temperature alloy monocrystalline turbine blade according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described wax tree also has and selects brilliant wax-pattern (2) and open brilliant wax-pattern (3); The brilliant wax-pattern of described choosing (2) and to open brilliant wax-pattern (3) shaping in an inclined manner on wax tree, their incline direction is consistent with blade portion (13) incline direction of blade wax mould (1).
3. the shaping wax tree structure of high temperature alloy monocrystalline turbine blade according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the brilliant wax-pattern of described choosing (2) and the angle of inclination of opening brilliant wax-pattern (3) are equal to or greater than blade portion (13) angle of inclination of blade wax mould (1).
4. the shaping wax tree structure of high temperature alloy monocrystalline turbine blade according to Claims 2 or 3, is characterized in that: described in open brilliant wax-pattern (3) bottom be provided with heat carrier (4).
5. the shaping wax tree structure of high temperature alloy monocrystalline turbine blade according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described heat carrier (4) is wedge structure.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410770230.6A CN104439077A (en) | 2014-12-15 | 2014-12-15 | Wax tree structure for forming high-temperature alloy single-crystal turbine blade |
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| CN201410770230.6A CN104439077A (en) | 2014-12-15 | 2014-12-15 | Wax tree structure for forming high-temperature alloy single-crystal turbine blade |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104878443A (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2015-09-02 | 东方电气集团东方汽轮机有限公司 | Fusing and pouring method for pouring monocrystal casting |
| CN109351951A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-02-19 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | A kind of process reducing single crystal blade platform rarefaction defect |
| FR3070286A1 (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2019-03-01 | Safran Aircraft Engines | CASTING TREE FOR LOST MODEL FOUNDING MANUFACTURING PROCESS AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURE |
| CN112111781A (en) * | 2020-09-22 | 2020-12-22 | 齐鲁工业大学 | Design method and preparation method of Ni-based single crystal high-temperature alloy two-dimensional crystal selector |
| CN115055641A (en) * | 2022-06-10 | 2022-09-16 | 深圳市万泽中南研究院有限公司 | Single crystal guide blade and precision investment casting method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104878443A (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2015-09-02 | 东方电气集团东方汽轮机有限公司 | Fusing and pouring method for pouring monocrystal casting |
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| CN112111781A (en) * | 2020-09-22 | 2020-12-22 | 齐鲁工业大学 | Design method and preparation method of Ni-based single crystal high-temperature alloy two-dimensional crystal selector |
| CN115055641A (en) * | 2022-06-10 | 2022-09-16 | 深圳市万泽中南研究院有限公司 | Single crystal guide blade and precision investment casting method thereof |
| CN115055641B (en) * | 2022-06-10 | 2023-11-10 | 深圳市万泽中南研究院有限公司 | Single crystal guide vane and investment precision casting method thereof |
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