CN104438543A - High-pressure gas bulging thermoforming segmental reinforcement die of boron steel pipe - Google Patents
High-pressure gas bulging thermoforming segmental reinforcement die of boron steel pipe Download PDFInfo
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- CN104438543A CN104438543A CN201410740138.5A CN201410740138A CN104438543A CN 104438543 A CN104438543 A CN 104438543A CN 201410740138 A CN201410740138 A CN 201410740138A CN 104438543 A CN104438543 A CN 104438543A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high-pressure gas bulging thermoforming segmental reinforcement die of a boron steel pipe. The die comprises an upper die base and a lower die base, and is characterized in that an upper die hard area forming insert and an upper die soft area forming insert are mounted on the lower surface of the upper die base; a lower die hard area forming insert and a lower die soft area forming insert are mounted on the upper surface of the lower die base; the forming surfaces of the upper die hard area forming insert, the lower die hard area forming insert, the upper die soft area forming insert and the lower die soft area forming insert correspond to a hard area and a soft area on a workpiece of the boron steel pipe respectively; seal heads are arranged at the two ends of the workpiece respectively; the front ends of the seal heads are in contact with the pipe ends of the workpiece; an axial hydraulic cylinder or an air cylinder is connected to the rear ends of the seal heads; high-pressure gas passages are arranged in the centers of the seal heads respectively; the front ends of the high-pressure gas passages are communicated with the interior of the workpiece; a high-pressure gas station is connected to the rear ends of the high-pressure gas passages. According to the die, parts which need to be partitioned and customized according to product design and are variable in cross-section shape and circumference can be produced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of gases at high pressure bulging hot forming segmentation strengthening mould of boron steel steel pipe, belong to heat treatment plastic forming technology field.
Background technology
Automobile boron steel steel pipe is as one emerging superhigh intensity hot forming steel pipe, for segmentation reinforcement technique provides possibility---same part, according to the needs of Automobile Design, different Technologies for Heating Processing can be adopted in the zones of different of this part, thus obtain varying strength and plasticity.The production technology of the soft district technology of hot forming boron steel material is divided into 4 stages:
1) heat: boron steel steel pipe is heated to the temperature required for heat treatment;
2) transmit: boron steel steel pipe is sent in mould to be punched;
3) be shaped: be at high temperature shaped by mould punching;
4) quench cooled: control different cooling velocities in zones of different, can occur:
A) hard area cools (>25 °/sec) fast.From austenite microstructure to the transformation of martensite microstructure, obtain intensity and extreme hardness, part that plasticity is lower.Its intensity can reach 1500 ~ 2000MPa, and plasticity is greater than 5%;
B) soft district cools at a slow speed (<25 °/sec).By controlling different cooling velocities, in the process that austenite structure transforms, can Slow cooling, to the transformation of ferrite and pearlite microstructure, obtain intensity and hardness is higher, plasticity is good part; Also comparatively fast can cool, to the transformation of bainite microstructure, obtain intensity and hardness is very high, plasticity is moderate part.
The boron steel material typical case that can obtain varying strength and plasticity is divided into:
Table 1
| Sequence number | Material specification | Yield strength (Mpa) | Tensile strength (Mpa) | Percentage elongation (A50) | Hardness (HV2) |
| 1 | HS400 | 400+/-50 | 600+/-50 | 15％ | 170～220 |
| 2 | HS550 | 550+/-50 | 750+/-50 | 7％ | 220～255 |
| 3 | HS700 | 700+/-50 | 900+/-50 | 6％ | 270～300 |
| 4 | HS1150 | 1150+/-50 | 1500+/-50 | 5％ | 400～520 |
The chemical composition that the most common one of such boron steel can reach 1500MPa intensity (HS1150) is:
Table 2
| C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | B | |
| min | 0.20 | 0.20 | 1.00 | - | - | 0.15 | 0.0015 |
| max | 0.25 | 0.35 | 1.30 | 0.025 | 0.015 | 0.25 | 0.0050 |
On the other hand, pipe fitting internal high pressure forming technique, utilize the pressure that high-pressure fluid produces, fill and serve as punch in pipe fitting A inside, the outside mould steel B with shape of product serves as die, and experience feeds intake, mould is closed, priming fluid in pipe fitting, the axial pusher of pressurization, simultaneously axial liquid cylinder pressure is shaped and die sinking feeding several stage completes pipe fitting forming.Wherein, according to the needs of product and formability, process successively has intersection.
Pipe fitting internal high pressure forming technique, usually its front road will be combined with bend pipe and/or preforming process, before internal high pressure forming technique, obtain the part with final workpiece shapes size basic simlarity, avoid producing material folding in high-pressure forming mold closing course simultaneously, avoid in forming process, occurring cracking and the defect such as wrinkling.If above problem can be avoided, bend pipe and/or preforming process can be saved, directly carry out inner high voltage.For simple meter, bend pipe and/or preforming process the present invention no longer discuss in detail.
Current common pipe fitting forming technique is internal high pressure forming under normal temperature.Be limited to the restriction of tube-making process and material its own mechanical performance, the pipe fitting limited strength applied, tensile strength is difficult to more than 1000MPa.
Current common boron steel Steel Pipe Heat is shaped and mostly is ordinary hot Sheet Metal Forming Technology, and forming process is inner without high pressure medium, and can only adapt to the product of uiform section girth, shape of product is very limited.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of gases at high pressure bulging hot forming segmentation strengthening mould of boron steel steel pipe is provided, mechanical strength can be produced within the scope of 500 ~ 1500MPa, according to product design need subregion and customization, the part of cross sectional shape and perimeter change.
According to technical scheme provided by the invention, the gases at high pressure bulging hot forming segmentation strengthening mould of described boron steel steel pipe, comprise upper bolster and die shoe, it is characterized in that: at described upper bolster lower surface, patrix hard area shaping insert and patrix soft district's shaping insert are installed, install counterdie hard area shaping insert and counterdie soft district's shaping insert at die shoe upper surface, the forming face of patrix hard area shaping insert, counterdie hard area shaping insert, counterdie soft district shaping insert, counterdie soft district shaping insert corresponds respectively to hard area on boron steel steel pipe workpieces and soft district; At the two ends of described workpiece, end socket is set respectively, the front end of end socket contacts with the pipe end of workpiece, the rear end of end socket is connected with axial liquid cylinder pressure or cylinder, at end socket center, gases at high pressure path is set respectively, the front end of gases at high pressure path is communicated with the inside of workpiece, and the rear end of gases at high pressure path connects high pressure gas station.
Further, in the bottom of described patrix hard area shaping insert and the top of counterdie hard area shaping insert, cooling water channel is set respectively.
Further, described patrix soft district shaping insert and counterdie soft district shaping insert arrange the soft district heating paths for heating close to a side region of workpiece, mould heating element heater is placed in heating paths inside in soft district.
Further, end socket path is arranged at the inner outline along end socket of described end socket, end socket path inside arrangement cooling water pipeline or mould electrical heating elements.
Further, the point diameter of described end socket is less than rear end diameter.
Further, described cooling water channel adopts the mode of punching in patrix hard area shaping insert and counterdie hard area shaping insert, aperture is 3 ~ 20mm, lower surface 3 ~ the 20mm of the cooling water channel distance patrix hard area shaping insert in patrix hard area shaping insert, the upper surface 3 ~ 20mm of the cooling water channel distance counterdie hard area shaping insert in counterdie hard area shaping insert.
Further, described soft district heating paths adopts the mode of punching in patrix soft district shaping insert and counterdie soft district's shaping insert, and aperture is 5 ~ 20mm, soft district heating paths distance patrix soft district shaping insert or counterdie soft district's shaping insert outer surface 3 ~ 20mm.
Further, when described end socket path is as cooling water channel, adopt the mode in end socket internal punches, aperture is 3 ~ 20mm, distance end socket outer surface 3 ~ 20mm.
Further, when described end socket path is as electrical heating pipeline, adopt the mode in end socket internal punches, aperture is 5 ~ 20mm, distance end socket outer surface 3 ~ 20mm.
Further, described mold heated element is heating rod.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) the present invention can obtain the high tensile steel tube that intensity is up to 1500MPa (percentage elongation about 5%);
(2) the present invention can obtain the high tensile steel tube that percentage elongation is up to 15% (about intensity 600MPa);
(3) the present invention according to the needs of product design, at an arbitrary position, at tensile strength 500 ~ 1500MPa, can realize arbitrarily the mechanical performance of workpiece in the scope of corresponding percentage elongation 15 ~ 5%;
(4) the present invention makes full use of the shaping of gas inner high voltage inflation, can obtain the product of lateral cross section perimeter change.In prior art, utilize boron steel pipe fitting to carry out hot formed technique, what obtain is the product that section girth is constant mostly, limits the freedom of product design; The present invention allows in the scope of material property license, and freely change the section girth of product, the intensity making product reach different, rigidity, assembling and space requirement, the optimization for parts function provides larger space;
(5) the present invention at high temperature carries out gas expansion forming to workpiece, effectively can reduce the press forming power being shaped and needing.Along with the rising of temperature, the yield strength of boron steel material reduces rapidly, and percentage elongation improves, therefore, and internal high pressure forming technics comparing under normal temperature, press forming power greatly reduces.Reach equal or the part of similar intensity, compare with internal high pressure forming under normal temperature, press pressure needed for hot forming inflatable can be reduced to the 1/3 even lower of internal high pressure forming under normal temperature, the intensity of such as automobile DP1000 dual phase steel is 1000MPa, more much lower than the intensity 1500MPa of boron steel after hot forming, but the forcing press that under normal temperature, inner high voltage DP1000 steel tube place is equipped with is generally 5000 tons, and the forcing press that hot forming inflatable steel tube place is equipped with can be set to 1200 tons;
(6) the present invention is in quenching process, in pipe fitting, pass into gases at high pressure, effectively can regulate the quench cooling rate of boron steel.Because pipe fitting forming upper and lower mould is die, in the direct hot forming techniques of existing pipe fitting, do not have punch and can only try one's best in both sides to complete the function of punch with plug, so just do not have punch in the plug of the pipe fitting region that is beyond one's reach, the subsides mould of workpiece is very poor; Do not have enough pressure, heat cannot be transmitted to cooling medium fast---and on mould, the product obtained is difficult to meet design requirement in this field strength.The present invention utilizes gases at high pressure to serve as punch, and it is good that workpiece pastes mould, and can provide enough dwell pressures, thus obtain suitable cooling velocity, the product strength obtained all can meet the demands in arbitrary region;
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of mold work state of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of described mould open mode.
Sequence number in figure: patrix hard area shaping insert 1, counterdie hard area shaping insert 2, patrix soft district shaping insert 3-1, counterdie soft district shaping insert 3-2, workpiece 4, gases at high pressure path 5, end socket 6, cooling water channel 7, soft district heating paths 8, end socket path 9.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with concrete accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.
As shown in Figure 1: the gases at high pressure bulging hot forming segmentation strengthening mould of boron steel steel pipe of the present invention comprises upper bolster and die shoe, upper bolster and die shoe are used for connecting mold and equipment, transmission and load bearing equipment are to boron steel steel pipe workpieces applied pressure simultaneously, the material of upper bolster and die shoe selects the foundry goods such as QT600, HT300, GM241, and the steel plate splicings such as 45# also can be selected to form; At described upper bolster lower surface, patrix hard area shaping insert 1 and patrix soft district's shaping insert 3-1 are installed, install counterdie hard area shaping insert 2 and counterdie soft district's shaping insert 3-2 at die shoe upper surface, the forming face of patrix hard area shaping insert 1, counterdie hard area shaping insert 2, counterdie soft district shaping insert 3-1, counterdie soft district shaping insert 3-2 corresponds respectively to hard area on boron steel steel pipe workpieces 4 and soft district; In the bottom of described patrix hard area shaping insert 1 and the top of counterdie hard area shaping insert 2, cooling water channel 7 is set respectively, cooled fast workpiece 4 when being shaped pressurization by the cooling water in cooling water channel 7, cooling water channel 7 is direct or be connected with the water pipe of equipment with die shoe by upper bolster; Described patrix soft district shaping insert 3-1 and counterdie soft district shaping insert 3-2 arrange the soft district heating paths 8 for heating close to a side region of workpiece 4, mould heating element heater (as heating rod) is placed in heating paths 8 inside by soft district, carry out Slow cooling to workpiece 4, mold heated element is connected with production equipment heating system; At the two ends of described workpiece 4, end socket 6 is set respectively, the front end of end socket 6 contacts with the pipe end of workpiece 4, the rear end of end socket 6 is connected with axial liquid cylinder pressure or cylinder, the point diameter of end socket 6 is less than rear end diameter, at end socket 6 center at workpiece 4 two ends, gases at high pressure path 5 is set respectively, the front end of gases at high pressure path 5 is communicated with the inside of workpiece 4, and the rear end of gases at high pressure path 5 connects high pressure gas station; Arrange end socket path 9 in described end socket 6 inside along the outline of end socket 6, end socket path 9 inside needs arrangement cooling water pipeline or mould electrical heating elements (as heating rod) according to the technique that workpiece 4 material flows.
As shown in Figure 1, described cooling water channel 7 can adopt the mode of punching in patrix hard area shaping insert 1 and counterdie hard area shaping insert 2, aperture is preferably 3 ~ 20mm, cooling water channel 7 in patrix hard area shaping insert 1 is apart from the lower surface 3 ~ 20mm of patrix hard area shaping insert 1, and the cooling water channel 7 in counterdie hard area shaping insert 2 is apart from the upper surface 3 ~ 20mm of counterdie hard area shaping insert 2;
Described soft district heating paths 8 is as mould electrical heating path, the mode of punching on patrix soft district shaping insert 3-1 and counterdie soft district's shaping insert 3-2 can be adopted, aperture is preferably 5 ~ 20mm, and soft district heating paths 8 is apart from patrix soft district shaping insert 3-1 or counterdie soft district's shaping insert 3-2 outer surface 3 ~ 20mm;
When described end socket path 9 is as cooling water channel, adopt the mode in end socket 6 internal punches, aperture is 3 ~ 20mm, distance end socket 6 outer surface 3 ~ 20mm; When described end socket path 9 is as electrical heating pipeline, adopt the mode in internal punches, aperture is 5 ~ 20mm, and for placing the heating element heaters such as heating rod, this pitch-row is from end socket outer surface 3 ~ 20mm.
Material selection SKD61, the Cr7V of described patrix hard area shaping insert 1, counterdie hard area shaping insert 2, patrix soft district shaping insert 3-1 and counterdie soft district's shaping insert 3-2,8407, the high-quality hot die steel such as Divar, QRO-90;
The material of described end socket 6 is consistent with patrix hard area shaping insert 1 and counterdie hard area shaping insert 2.
Embodiment one: a kind of inflatable heat forming technology of boron steel steel pipe, the material of boron steel steel pipe: boron steel 22MnB5, expects thick 2.6mm, pipe external diameter 100mm, length 850mm.Workpiece length for forming is constant, and two ends regional cross section girth is constant, and be still 100mm, middle section is expansion-molded, from 100mm gradual change to center perimeter of section 105mm.The material property of workpiece is hard area HS1150 at two ends area requirement, and expanded central deformed region is that soft district HS400 is strengthened in segmentation;
Above-mentioned workpiece specifically processes process by following steps:
1, boron steel straight tube is got the raw materials ready, and expects thick 2.6mm, external diameter 100mm, length 1000mm;
2, in heater, be heated to 900 DEG C by the complete austenitizing of boron steel pipe, by firing equipment, the preheating before hot forming carried out to hot-forming die soft district's shaping insert, temperature 550 DEG C simultaneously; ;
3, within 6 seconds, boron steel materials in the tube are placed in a mold, press initial openings height 800mm;
4, the axial cylinder in mould both sides promotes its front-end end enclosure and seals pipe fitting, form airtight cavity, by mould end socket forward end gas path, gases at high pressure are filled with in pipe fitting airtight cavity, pressure 25MPa, press pressure 300 tons, press is descending with the speed of 300mm/s, mould is closed, shaping, as shown in Figure 1;
5, after hot forming completes, forcing press stays on and is reaching lower dead point position, is kept closed, and maintain the gas pressure intensity 15 seconds of the press pressure of 300 tons and 25MPa, part pressurize has been quenched;
6, take out workpiece, two ends obtain the martensitic structure that HS1150 intensity is 1500MPa, and middle section obtains the ferritic-pearlitic tissue that HS400 intensity is 600MPa;
8, radium-shine hot pressing bulging part two ends, obtain required size workpiece.
Claims (10)
1. the gases at high pressure bulging hot forming segmentation strengthening mould of a boron steel steel pipe, comprise upper bolster and die shoe, it is characterized in that: at described upper bolster lower surface, patrix hard area shaping insert (1) and patrix soft district's shaping insert (3-1) are installed, at die shoe upper surface, counterdie hard area shaping insert (2) and counterdie soft district's shaping insert (3-2) are installed, patrix hard area shaping insert (1), counterdie hard area shaping insert (2), counterdie soft district's shaping insert (3-1), the forming face of counterdie soft district shaping insert (3-2) corresponds respectively to hard area on boron steel steel pipe workpieces (4) and soft district, at the two ends of described workpiece (4), end socket (6) is set respectively, the front end of end socket (6) contacts with the pipe end of workpiece (4), the rear end of end socket (6) is connected with axial liquid cylinder pressure or cylinder, at end socket (6) center, gases at high pressure path (5) is set respectively, the front end of gases at high pressure path (5) is communicated with the inside of workpiece (4), and the rear end of gases at high pressure path (5) connects high pressure gas station.
2. the gases at high pressure bulging hot forming segmentation strengthening mould of boron steel steel pipe as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: arrange cooling water channel (7) respectively in the bottom of described patrix hard area shaping insert (1) and the top of counterdie hard area shaping insert (2).
3. the gases at high pressure bulging hot forming segmentation strengthening mould of boron steel steel pipe as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described patrix soft district shaping insert (3-1) and counterdie soft district shaping insert (3-2), arrange soft district heating paths (8) for heating close to a side region of workpiece (4), mould heating element heater is placed in inside by soft district heating paths (8).
4. the gases at high pressure bulging hot forming segmentation strengthening mould of boron steel steel pipe as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: arrange end socket path (9) at the inner outline along end socket (6) of described end socket (6), end socket path (9) inside arrangement cooling water pipeline or mould electrical heating elements.
5. the gases at high pressure bulging hot forming segmentation strengthening mould of boron steel steel pipe as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the point diameter of described end socket (6) is less than rear end diameter.
6. the gases at high pressure bulging hot forming segmentation strengthening mould of boron steel steel pipe as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: described cooling water channel (7) adopts the mode in patrix hard area shaping insert (1) and the upper punching of counterdie hard area shaping insert (2), aperture is 3 ~ 20mm, lower surface 3 ~ the 20mm of the cooling water channel (7) distance patrix hard area shaping insert (1) in patrix hard area shaping insert (1), the upper surface 3 ~ 20mm of the cooling water channel (7) distance counterdie hard area shaping insert (2) in counterdie hard area shaping insert (2).
7. the gases at high pressure bulging hot forming segmentation strengthening mould of boron steel steel pipe as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: described soft district heating paths (8) adopts the mode in patrix soft district shaping insert (3-1) and the upper punching of counterdie soft district's shaping insert (3-2), aperture is 5 ~ 20mm, soft district heating paths (8) distance patrix soft district shaping insert (3-1) or counterdie soft district's shaping insert (3-2) outer surface 3 ~ 20mm.
8. the gases at high pressure bulging hot forming segmentation strengthening mould of boron steel steel pipe as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: when described end socket path (9) is as cooling water channel, adopt the mode in end socket (6) internal punches, aperture is 3 ~ 20mm, distance end socket (6) outer surface 3 ~ 20mm.
9. the gases at high pressure bulging hot forming segmentation strengthening mould of boron steel steel pipe as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: when described end socket path (9) is as electrical heating pipeline, adopt the mode in end socket (6) internal punches, aperture is 5 ~ 20mm, distance end socket (6) outer surface 3 ~ 20mm.
10. the gases at high pressure bulging hot forming segmentation strengthening mould of the boron steel steel pipe as described in claim 3 or 4, is characterized in that: described mold heated element is heating rod.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410740138.5A CN104438543A (en) | 2014-12-08 | 2014-12-08 | High-pressure gas bulging thermoforming segmental reinforcement die of boron steel pipe |
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| CN201410740138.5A CN104438543A (en) | 2014-12-08 | 2014-12-08 | High-pressure gas bulging thermoforming segmental reinforcement die of boron steel pipe |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108927454A (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2018-12-04 | 无锡朗贤轻量化科技股份有限公司 | The point heating mould and technique strengthened for the segmentation of hot forming boron steel material |
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Application publication date: 20150325 |