CN104435405A - Natural plant extract and application thereof of preventing and treating nosema apis - Google Patents
Natural plant extract and application thereof of preventing and treating nosema apis Download PDFInfo
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- CN104435405A CN104435405A CN201410672287.2A CN201410672287A CN104435405A CN 104435405 A CN104435405 A CN 104435405A CN 201410672287 A CN201410672287 A CN 201410672287A CN 104435405 A CN104435405 A CN 104435405A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/87—Vitaceae or Ampelidaceae (Vine or Grape family), e.g. wine grapes, muscadine or peppervine
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/30—Extraction of the material
- A61K2236/33—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones
- A61K2236/333—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones using mixed solvents, e.g. 70% EtOH
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/30—Extraction of the material
- A61K2236/39—Complex extraction schemes, e.g. fractionation or repeated extraction steps
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/50—Methods involving additional extraction steps
- A61K2236/51—Concentration or drying of the extract, e.g. Lyophilisation, freeze-drying or spray-drying
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- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
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Abstract
The invention provides a natural plant extract. The natural plant extract is applied to prepare a drug of preventing and treating nosema apis as follows: by taking grape skin as a raw material, leaching by an alcohol solvent, and extracting a pasty substance by virtue of processes such as ultrasonic crushing and rotary evaporation; then, preparing the pastry substance into a grape skin extract syrup mixture in certain proportion, so as to prepare the drug of preventing and treating nosema apis. During use, a feeder is filled with the natural plant extract for enabling bees infected with the microsporidia to freely take food, and acted to the bees and the microsporidia, so that the effects of effectively preventing and treating the nosema apis are achieved. The natural plant extract has no toxic or side effects on bees and is rich in flavonoid compounds such as anthocyanin as well as substances such as tannin and cellulose. The control effect on the nosema apis is good, the raw material source of the drug is wide, easily available, simple to prepare and low in cost. Moreover, the natural plant is free of pollution on bee products and environment, and is a healthy, environment-friendly, ecological and efficient new way of preventing and treating nosema apis.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to bee rearing management domain, relate to a kind of protective agents of honeybee diseases, particularly relate to a kind of natural plant extracts and the medicinal usage thereof of preventing and treating Nosema apis parasitosis.
Background technology
Nosema apis parasitosis, also known as " nosema disease ", is the common infectious disease of the digestive tract of a kind of adult honeybee that caused by Nosema apis worm.Microsporidian is the endotrophic original eukaryotic parasite of a kind of franchise, and Nosema apis worm, mainly by infecting adult bees intestinal epithelial cell, destroys the normal stool function of Apis intestinal.Bee colony ill slight time, symptom is not obvious, usually out in the cold, and once serious, then makes the digestion power of Apis decline, and immunity, the power that gathers decline, bee life shortening, and bee colony group gesture weakens, and even may cause the collapse of whole bee colony.Infect the microsporidian of Apis mainly contain Apis mellifera microsporidian (
nosema apis) and Eastern bee microsporidian (
nosema ceranae).In recent years large quantity research find Eastern bee microsporidian within the scope of world's bee-keeping a lot of area replace Apis mellifera microsporidian gradually, become one of important disease endangering global apiculture.We also show the investigation of Apis mellifera field surely, Zhejiang Province, and the Nosema apis parasitosis caused by Eastern bee microsporidian is widely current, and some areas are in a bad way.
Amebacilin is the key agents being approved, can effectively prevent and treat Nosema apis parasitosis at present in the world.But as a kind of antibiotic, the life-time service of Amebacilin in bee colony can cause the drug residue problem of bee product.Existing large quantity research shows have side effects during Amebacilin is in treatment mankind's encephalitis microsporidiosis and cancer etc.Therefore Amebacilin is only main uses in the bee colony of north america, and in a lot of other countries, Nosema apis parasitosis almost can be used without medicine.Along with the enhancing of health of people, environmental consciousness, to pursuit that is healthy, safe bee product make exploitation to people and animals and comparatively safe, the unlikely residual natural plant extracts of environment remarkable to the meaning of preventing and treating Nosema apis parasitosis.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of natural plant extracts preventing and treating Nosema apis parasitosis, realized by following steps: take a certain amount of Pericarpium Vitis viniferae of drying in 37 DEG C, add volume mass than the 50%-75% alcoholic solution being 25 times, room temperature lower seal places lixiviate 4 h, supersound extraction 60 min at 45 DEG C; Cross leaching filtrate, then add volume mass than the 50%-75% alcoholic solution being 10 times in the residue after filtration, repeat above ultrasonic step, get filtrate, merge twice filtrate, in 55 DEG C of rotary evaporations, volatilize ethanol, obtain Pericarpium Vitis viniferae extractum extract.
Natural plant extracts of the present invention is Pericarpium Vitis viniferae extractum extract.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the application of described Pericarpium Vitis viniferae extractum extract in the medicine of preparation control Nosema apis parasitosis.Described medicine is prepared by following steps: be 40%-70% sucrose syrup by Pericarpium Vitis viniferae extractum extract and concentration be the Pericarpium Vitis viniferae extract syrup mixture that 0.25%-3% is mixed with variable concentrations by mass volume ratio.When needed, mixture is loaded in feeder, allows the Apis infecting microsporidian freely take food, act on Apis and microsporidian, thus reach the effect of control Nosema apis parasitosis.
The present invention, using Pericarpium Vitis viniferae as raw material, uses alcohol solvent lixiviate, and through the pasty masses that the technique such as ultrasonic disruption, rotary evaporation extracts, this material is rich in the flavone compounds such as anthocyanidin and the material such as tannin, cellulose.The inventive method, compared with existing medical treatment method, has following characteristics: (1) control Nosema apis parasitosis is effective, to Apis no side effects, even can extend the life-span of Apis; (2) raw material sources of medicine extensively, be easy to get, produce simple, cost is low; (3) there is not the drug residue problem to bee product and environment, to people and animals and environment " no pollution ", for society provides the new way of a kind of health, environmental protection, ecology, efficiently control Nosema apis parasitosis.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is further described in conjunction with the embodiments.
embodiment 1
Take the Pericarpium Vitis viniferae that 10 g cross in 37 DEG C of oven dryings, add the alcoholic solution of 75% of 250 ml, room temperature lower seal places 4 h, in 45 DEG C of supersound extraction 60 min, crosses leaching filtrate.In the residue after filtration, add the alcoholic solution of 75% of 100 ml again, repeat above ultrasonic step, get filtrate, merge twice filtrate.Ethanol is volatilized to being cream liquid in 55 DEG C of Rotary Evaporators.Get a certain amount of Pericarpium Vitis viniferae extractum extract and 70% sucrose syrup be mixed with the Pericarpium Vitis viniferae extract syrup mixture that mass volume ratio is 3%, allow and infect the Apis of microsporidian and freely take food.
Result: the 7th d and the 13rd d after infection, the microsporidian spore number of experimental group Apis is respectively without drug treating group 29.9% and 32.9%, and during the 13rd d, experimental group bee survival is 87%, and is only 50% without drug treating group bee survival.
embodiment 2
Take the Pericarpium Vitis viniferae that 10 g cross in 37 DEG C of oven dryings, add the alcoholic solution of 75% of 250 ml, room temperature lower seal places 4 h, in 45 DEG C of supersound extraction 60 min, crosses leaching filtrate.In the residue after filtration, add 75% alcoholic solution of 100 ml again, repeat above ultrasonic step, get filtrate, merge twice filtrate.Ethanol is volatilized to being cream liquid in 55 DEG C of Rotary Evaporators.Get a certain amount of Pericarpium Vitis viniferae extractum extract and 70% sucrose syrup be mixed with the Pericarpium Vitis viniferae extract syrup mixture that mass volume ratio is 1%, allow and infect the Apis of microsporidian and freely take food.
Result: the 7th d and the 13rd d after infection, the microsporidian spore number of experimental group Apis is respectively without drug treating group 23.5% and 48.2%.During the 13rd d, experimental group bee survival is 90%, and is only 50% without drug treating group bee survival.
embodiment 3
Take the Pericarpium Vitis viniferae that 10 g cross in 37 DEG C of oven dryings, add the alcoholic solution of 75% of 250 ml, room temperature lower seal places 4 h, in 45 DEG C of supersound extraction 60 min, crosses leaching filtrate.In the residue after filtration, add 75% alcoholic solution of 100 ml again, repeat above ultrasonic step, get filtrate, merge twice filtrate.Ethanol is volatilized to being cream liquid in 55 DEG C of Rotary Evaporators.Get a certain amount of Pericarpium Vitis viniferae extractum extract and 70% sucrose syrup be mixed with the Pericarpium Vitis viniferae extract syrup mixture that mass volume ratio is 0.5%, allow and infect the Apis of microsporidian and freely take food.
Result: the 7th d and the 13rd d after infection, the microsporidian spore number of experimental group Apis is respectively without drug treating group 34.2% and 65.9%.During the 13rd d, experimental group bee survival is 93%, and is only 50% without drug treating group bee survival.
embodiment 4
Take the Pericarpium Vitis viniferae that 10 g cross in 37 DEG C of oven dryings, add the alcoholic solution of 75% of 250 ml, room temperature lower seal places 4 h, in 45 DEG C of supersound extraction 60 min, crosses leaching filtrate.In the residue after filtration, add 75% alcoholic solution of 100 ml again, repeat above ultrasonic step, get filtrate, merge twice filtrate.Ethanol is volatilized to being cream liquid in 55 DEG C of Rotary Evaporators.Get a certain amount of Pericarpium Vitis viniferae extractum extract and 70% sucrose syrup be mixed with the Pericarpium Vitis viniferae extract syrup mixture that mass volume ratio is 0.25%, allow and infect the Apis of microsporidian and freely take food.
Result: the 7th d and the 13rd d after infection, the microsporidian spore number of experimental group Apis is respectively 66.7% and 89.1% of the Nosema apis without drug treating.During the 13rd d, experimental group bee survival is 90%, and is only 50% without drug treating group bee survival.
embodiment 5
Take the Pericarpium Vitis viniferae that 10 g cross in 37 DEG C of oven dryings, add the alcoholic solution of 50% of 250 ml, room temperature lower seal places 4 h, in 45 DEG C of supersound extraction 60 min, cross leaching filtrate, then add the alcoholic solution of 50% of 100 ml in the residue after filtration, repeat above ultrasonic step, get filtrate, merge twice filtrate.Ethanol is volatilized to being cream liquid in 55 DEG C of Rotary Evaporators.Get a certain amount of Pericarpium Vitis viniferae extractum extract and 70% sucrose syrup be mixed with the Pericarpium Vitis viniferae extract syrup mixture that mass volume ratio is 3%, allow and infect the Apis of microsporidian and freely take food.
Result: the 7th d and the 13rd d after infection, the Nosema apis quantity of experimental group is respectively without drug treating group 28.1% and 31.5%, and during the 13rd d, experimental group bee survival is 85%, and is only 50% without drug treating group bee survival.
embodiment 6
Take the Pericarpium Vitis viniferae that 10 g cross in 37 DEG C of oven dryings, add the alcoholic solution of 50% of 250 ml, room temperature lower seal places 4 h, in 45 DEG C of supersound extraction 60 min, crosses leaching filtrate.In the residue after filtration, add the alcoholic solution of 50% of 100 ml again, repeat above ultrasonic step, get filtrate, merge twice filtrate.Ethanol is volatilized to being cream liquid in 55 DEG C of Rotary Evaporators.Get a certain amount of Pericarpium Vitis viniferae extractum extract and 40% sucrose syrup be mixed with the Pericarpium Vitis viniferae extract syrup mixture that mass volume ratio is 3%, allow and infect the Apis of microsporidian and freely take food.
Result: the 7th d and the 13rd d after infection, the Nosema apis quantity of experimental group is respectively without drug treating group 30% and 31%, and during the 13rd d, experimental group bee survival is 84.5%, and is only 50% without drug treating group bee survival.
embodiment 7
Take the Pericarpium Vitis viniferae that 10 g cross in 37 DEG C of oven dryings, add the alcoholic solution of 50% of 250 ml, room temperature lower seal places 4 h, in 45 DEG C of supersound extraction 60 min, cross leaching filtrate, then add the alcoholic solution of 50% of 100 ml in the residue after filtration, repeat above ultrasonic step, get filtrate, merge twice filtrate.Ethanol is volatilized to being cream liquid in 55 DEG C of Rotary Evaporators.Get a certain amount of Pericarpium Vitis viniferae extractum extract and 70% sucrose syrup be mixed with the Pericarpium Vitis viniferae extract syrup mixture that mass volume ratio is 0.25%, allow and infect the Apis of microsporidian and freely take food.
Result: the 7th d and the 13rd d after infection, the Nosema apis number of experimental group is respectively 67% and 85% of the Nosema apis without drug treating.During the 13rd d, experimental group bee survival is 88%, and is only 50% without drug treating group bee survival.
Claims (3)
1. a natural plant extracts, is characterized in that, is realized by following steps: take 37 DEG C of Pericarpium Vitis viniferaes of drying, add volume mass than the 50%-75% alcoholic solution being 25 times, room temperature lower seal places lixiviate 4 h, supersound extraction 60 min at 45 DEG C; Cross leaching filtrate, then add volume mass than the 50%-75% alcoholic solution being 10 times in the residue after filtration, repeat above ultrasonic step, get filtrate, merge twice filtrate, in 55 DEG C of rotary evaporations, volatilize ethanol, obtain natural plant extracts and Pericarpium Vitis viniferae extractum extract.
2. the Pericarpium Vitis viniferae extractum extract that method described in claim 1 obtains prevents and treats the application in the medicine of Nosema apis parasitosis in preparation.
3. application according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described medicine is realized by following steps: be 40%-70% sucrose syrup by Pericarpium Vitis viniferae extractum extract and concentration be that 0.25%-3% is mixed with Pericarpium Vitis viniferae extract syrup mixture by mass volume ratio, is loaded in feeder, obtains final product.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104970251A (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2015-10-14 | 卞佳林 | A feed additive containing traditional Chinese medicine ingredients for banana prawns and a feed preparation method thereof |
| CN105191873A (en) * | 2015-10-31 | 2015-12-30 | 贾萍 | Bee feeding method for preventing sporozoosis |
| CN109393254A (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2019-03-01 | 彦臣生技药品股份有限公司 | Composition and method for improving insect immunity |
Citations (3)
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| CN102491880A (en) * | 2011-11-28 | 2012-06-13 | 宁夏大学 | Technique for extracting resveratrol and pigment from grape skin |
| CN104055947A (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2014-09-24 | 天津天狮生物发展有限公司 | Traditional Chinese medicine composition comprising grape extract products and preparation method thereof |
| CN104126434A (en) * | 2014-06-28 | 2014-11-05 | 雷宗达 | Method for improving resveratrol content in amur grape |
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2014
- 2014-11-22 CN CN201410672287.2A patent/CN104435405B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102491880A (en) * | 2011-11-28 | 2012-06-13 | 宁夏大学 | Technique for extracting resveratrol and pigment from grape skin |
| CN104055947A (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2014-09-24 | 天津天狮生物发展有限公司 | Traditional Chinese medicine composition comprising grape extract products and preparation method thereof |
| CN104126434A (en) * | 2014-06-28 | 2014-11-05 | 雷宗达 | Method for improving resveratrol content in amur grape |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104970251A (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2015-10-14 | 卞佳林 | A feed additive containing traditional Chinese medicine ingredients for banana prawns and a feed preparation method thereof |
| CN105191873A (en) * | 2015-10-31 | 2015-12-30 | 贾萍 | Bee feeding method for preventing sporozoosis |
| CN109393254A (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2019-03-01 | 彦臣生技药品股份有限公司 | Composition and method for improving insect immunity |
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| CN104435405B (en) | 2018-05-29 |
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