CN104426373A - Switching Power Supply Voltage Regulator - Google Patents
Switching Power Supply Voltage Regulator Download PDFInfo
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- CN104426373A CN104426373A CN201310385521.9A CN201310385521A CN104426373A CN 104426373 A CN104426373 A CN 104426373A CN 201310385521 A CN201310385521 A CN 201310385521A CN 104426373 A CN104426373 A CN 104426373A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC
- H02M3/04—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC
- H02M3/04—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/1555—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only for the generation of a regulated current to a load whose impedance is substantially inductive
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Abstract
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及一种开关电源电压调节器。 The invention relates to a switching power supply voltage regulator.
背景技术 Background technique
电能通常通过一开关电源电压调节器供给负载,如,中央处理器(CPU),存储器、以及控制器等。所述开关电源电压调节器通常由驱动器、多个上下桥开关与电感等组件构成,其中,所述多个上下桥开关并联连接,每一上下桥开关是由一第一晶体管与一第二晶体管构成。所述驱动器通过交替导通所述第一晶体管与第二晶体管来对所述电感进行充放电,以为所述负载提供输出电压。 Power is usually supplied to loads, such as central processing unit (CPU), memory, and controller, etc., through a switching power supply voltage regulator. The switching power supply voltage regulator is generally composed of a driver, a plurality of upper and lower bridge switches and inductors, wherein the plurality of upper and lower bridge switches are connected in parallel, and each upper and lower bridge switch is composed of a first transistor and a second transistor constitute. The driver charges and discharges the inductor by turning on the first transistor and the second transistor alternately, so as to provide an output voltage for the load.
目前,根据负载的功率不同,负载分为轻负载与重负载等轻重程度不同的负载。不管所述负载是轻负载还是重负载,当需要对所述电感进行充电时,所述驱动器驱动所述多个上下桥开关中的第一晶体管均导通、第二晶体管均截止,从而,电源分别通过所述多个上下桥开关中的第一晶体管对所述电感进行充电;当需要对所述电感进行放电时,所述驱动器驱动所述多个上下桥开关中的第二晶体管均导通、第一晶体管均截止,从而,所述电感则分别通过所述多个上下桥开关中的第二晶体管进行放电。 At present, according to the power of the load, the load is divided into light load and heavy load with different degrees of load. Regardless of whether the load is a light load or a heavy load, when the inductance needs to be charged, the driver drives the first transistors in the plurality of upper and lower bridge switches to be turned on and the second transistors to be turned off, so that the power supply The inductance is charged through the first transistors in the plurality of upper and lower bridge switches respectively; when the inductance needs to be discharged, the driver drives the second transistors in the plurality of upper and lower bridge switches to be turned on and the first transistors are all turned off, so that the inductance is discharged through the second transistors in the plurality of upper and lower bridge switches respectively.
然而,由于所述开关电源电压调节器在产生上述输出电压的过程中,或者同时驱动所述多个上下桥开关中的第一晶体管均导通、第二晶体管均截止,或者同时驱动所述多个上下桥开关中的第二晶体管均导通、第一晶体管均截止,因此,所述开关电源电压调节器不便于针对不同轻重程度的负载分别输出实际所需的负载电流。相较于重负载,对于轻负载与中负载而言,所述开关电源电压调节器输出的负载电流相较于实际所需的负载电流较大,从而导致轻负载与中负载所消耗的电能较高。 However, since the switching power supply voltage regulator either drives the first transistors in the multiple upper and lower bridge switches to be turned on and the second transistors are all turned off in the process of generating the above-mentioned output voltage at the same time, or drives the multiple The second transistors in the upper and lower bridge switches are all turned on, and the first transistors are all turned off. Therefore, the switching power supply voltage regulator is inconvenient to output the actual required load current for loads of different degrees of severity. Compared with heavy loads, for light loads and medium loads, the load current output by the switching power supply voltage regulator is larger than the actual required load current, resulting in lower power consumption for light loads and medium loads. high.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
为解决现有技术开关电源电压调节器不能根据负载功率的大小输出相应大小的负载电流的技术问题,有必要提供一种可根据负载功率大小能输出相应大小负载电流的开关电源电压调节器。 In order to solve the technical problem that the switching power supply voltage regulator in the prior art cannot output a corresponding load current according to the load power, it is necessary to provide a switching power supply voltage regulator that can output a corresponding large load current according to the load power.
一种用于驱动负载工作的开关电源电压调节器,其包括:脉冲宽度调制信号产生电路,该脉宽调制信号产生电路产生脉冲宽度调制信号;输出电路,该输出电路接收该脉冲宽度调制信号以及来自一电源的电源电压,并根据该脉冲宽度调制信号对应调整该电源电压为一相应大小的输出电压,以驱动所述负载工作;反馈电路,该反馈电路根据该输出电压对应输出第一反馈信号给该脉冲宽度调制信号产生电路,该脉冲宽度调制信号产生电路根据该第一反馈信号对应调整所输出的脉冲宽度调制信号,以使该输出电路输出稳定的输出电压给相应的负载,同时,该反馈电路进一步根据该输出电压对应输出表征负载功率的第二反馈信号给该输出电路,以使得该输出电路根据该第二反馈信号对应调整输出给负载的负载电流。该输出电路包括:输出端,该输出端输出该输出电压给该负载;电感,该电感包括第一端与第二端,该第二端与该输出端相连;多个上下桥开关,每一上下桥开关包括一第一晶体管与一第二晶体管,该第一晶体管包括控制端、第一导通端与第二导通端,该第二晶体管包括控制端、第一导通端与第二导通端,该第一晶体管的第一导通端与该电源连接,该第二晶体管的第二导通端接地,该第一晶体管的第二导通端与该第二晶体管的第一导通端连接,且二者之间定义一输出节点,各上下桥开关的输出节点相连接,该输出节点与该电感的第一端连接;及驱动器,该驱动器与该多个上下桥开关中的第一晶体管的控制端与第二晶体管的控制端均连接,当需要对该电感进行充电时,该驱动器根据该第二反馈信号对应控制该多个上下桥开关中第一晶体管导通的数量,并根据该脉冲宽度调制信号对应控制导通的第一晶体管的导通时间,以使得该电源电压分别通过导通的第一晶体管对该电感进行充电;当需要对该电感进行放电时,该驱动器根据该第二反馈信号对应控制该多个上下桥开关中第二晶体管导通的数量,并根据该脉冲宽度调制信号对应控制导通的第二晶体管的导通时间,以使得该电感分别通过导通的第二晶体管进行放电。其中,当需要对该电感进行充电时,该驱动器根据该第二反馈信号选择性导通该多个上下桥开关中一个或多个第一晶体管。 A switching power supply voltage regulator for driving a load, comprising: a pulse width modulation signal generation circuit, the pulse width modulation signal generation circuit generates a pulse width modulation signal; an output circuit, the output circuit receives the pulse width modulation signal and A power supply voltage from a power supply, and correspondingly adjusting the power supply voltage to an output voltage of a corresponding size according to the pulse width modulation signal, so as to drive the load to work; a feedback circuit, the feedback circuit correspondingly outputs a first feedback signal according to the output voltage For the pulse width modulation signal generation circuit, the pulse width modulation signal generation circuit correspondingly adjusts the output pulse width modulation signal according to the first feedback signal, so that the output circuit outputs a stable output voltage to the corresponding load, and at the same time, the The feedback circuit further outputs a second feedback signal representing load power to the output circuit according to the output voltage, so that the output circuit adjusts the load current output to the load according to the second feedback signal. The output circuit includes: an output terminal, which outputs the output voltage to the load; an inductor, which includes a first terminal and a second terminal, and the second terminal is connected to the output terminal; a plurality of upper and lower bridge switches, each The upper and lower bridge switches include a first transistor and a second transistor. The first transistor includes a control terminal, a first conduction terminal and a second conduction terminal. The second transistor includes a control terminal, a first conduction terminal and a second conduction terminal. Conduction end, the first conduction end of the first transistor is connected to the power supply, the second conduction end of the second transistor is grounded, the second conduction end of the first transistor is connected to the first conduction end of the second transistor The through end is connected, and an output node is defined between the two, the output nodes of each upper and lower bridge switches are connected, and the output node is connected to the first end of the inductor; and a driver, the driver is connected to the plurality of upper and lower bridge switches. The control terminal of the first transistor is connected to the control terminal of the second transistor, and when the inductance needs to be charged, the driver correspondingly controls the number of conductions of the first transistor in the plurality of upper and lower bridge switches according to the second feedback signal, And correspondingly control the conduction time of the first transistor that is turned on according to the pulse width modulation signal, so that the power supply voltage charges the inductance through the first transistor that is turned on; when the inductance needs to be discharged, the driver According to the second feedback signal, the number of conduction of the second transistors in the plurality of upper and lower bridge switches is correspondingly controlled, and the conduction time of the conduction second transistors is correspondingly controlled according to the pulse width modulation signal, so that the inductors pass through the conduction respectively. The second transistor that is turned on discharges. Wherein, when the inductor needs to be charged, the driver selectively turns on one or more first transistors in the plurality of upper and lower bridge switches according to the second feedback signal.
一种用于驱动负载工作的开关电源电压调节器,其包括:脉冲宽度调制信号产生电路,该脉宽调制信号产生电路产生脉冲宽度调制信号;输出电路,该输出电路接收该脉冲宽度调制信号以及来自一电源的电源电压,并根据该脉冲宽度调制信号对应调整该电源电压为一相应大小的输出电压,以驱动所述负载工作;反馈电路,该反馈电路根据该输出电压对应输出第一反馈信号给该脉冲宽度调制信号产生电路,该脉冲宽度调制信号产生电路根据该第一反馈信号对应调整所输出的脉冲宽度调制信号,以使该输出电路输出稳定的输出电压给相应的负载,同时,该反馈电路进一步根据该输出电压对应输出表征负载轻重不同的第二反馈信号给该输出电路,以使得该输出电路根据该第二反馈信号对应调整输出给负载的负载电流。该输出电路包括:输出端,该输出端输出该输出电压给该负载;电感,该电感包括第一端与第二端,该第二端作为该输出端或者与该出端连接;多个上下桥开关,每一上下桥开关包括一第一晶体管与一第二晶体管,该第一晶体管包括控制端、第一导通端与第二导通端,该第二晶体管包括控制端、第一导通端与第二导通端,该第一晶体管的第一导通端与该电源连接,该第二晶体管的第二导通端接地,该第一晶体管的第二导通端与该第二晶体管的第一导通端连接,且二者之间定义一输出节点,各上下桥开关的输出节点相连接,该输出节点与该电感的第一端连接,其中,该多个上下桥开关的第一晶体管划分为多个第一开关组,每一第一开关组包括至少一第一晶体管,各第一开关组中的第一晶体管的数量彼此不同,该多个上下桥开关的第二晶体管划分为多个第二开关组,每一第二开关组包括至少一第二晶体管,各第二开关组中的第二晶体管的数量彼此不同;驱动器,该驱动器与该多个上下桥开关中的第一晶体管的控制端与第二晶体管的控制端均连接,当需要对该电感进行充电时,该驱动器根据该第二反馈信号对应控制一第一开关组中的第一晶体管均导通,并根据该脉冲宽度调制信号对应控制导通的第一晶体管的导通时间,以使得该电源电压分别通过导通的第一晶体管对该电感进行充电;当需要对该电感进行放电时,该驱动器根据该第二反馈信号对应控制一第二开关组中的第二晶体管均导通,并根据该脉冲宽度调制信号对应控制导通的第二晶体管的导通时间,以使得该电感分别通过导通的第二晶体管进行放电。其中,当需要对该电感进行充电时,该驱动器根据该第二反馈信号选择性导通一第一开关组中的全部第一晶体管。 A switching power supply voltage regulator for driving a load, comprising: a pulse width modulation signal generation circuit, the pulse width modulation signal generation circuit generates a pulse width modulation signal; an output circuit, the output circuit receives the pulse width modulation signal and A power supply voltage from a power supply, and correspondingly adjusting the power supply voltage to an output voltage of a corresponding size according to the pulse width modulation signal, so as to drive the load to work; a feedback circuit, the feedback circuit correspondingly outputs a first feedback signal according to the output voltage For the pulse width modulation signal generation circuit, the pulse width modulation signal generation circuit correspondingly adjusts the output pulse width modulation signal according to the first feedback signal, so that the output circuit outputs a stable output voltage to the corresponding load, and at the same time, the The feedback circuit further outputs to the output circuit a second feedback signal corresponding to the weight of the load according to the output voltage, so that the output circuit correspondingly adjusts the load current output to the load according to the second feedback signal. The output circuit includes: an output end, the output end outputs the output voltage to the load; an inductance, the inductance includes a first end and a second end, and the second end serves as the output end or is connected to the output end; a plurality of upper and lower Bridge switch, each upper and lower bridge switch includes a first transistor and a second transistor, the first transistor includes a control terminal, a first conduction terminal and a second conduction terminal, the second transistor includes a control terminal, a first conduction terminal The conducting end and the second conduction end, the first conduction end of the first transistor is connected to the power supply, the second conduction end of the second transistor is grounded, the second conduction end of the first transistor is connected to the second The first conduction ends of the transistors are connected, and an output node is defined between the two, the output nodes of the upper and lower bridge switches are connected, and the output node is connected with the first end of the inductor, wherein the plurality of upper and lower bridge switches The first transistor is divided into a plurality of first switch groups, each first switch group includes at least one first transistor, the number of first transistors in each first switch group is different from each other, and the second transistors of the plurality of upper and lower bridge switches Divided into a plurality of second switch groups, each second switch group includes at least one second transistor, the number of second transistors in each second switch group is different from each other; the driver, the driver and the plurality of upper and lower bridge switches The control terminal of the first transistor is connected to the control terminal of the second transistor. When the inductance needs to be charged, the driver correspondingly controls the first transistor in the first switch group to be turned on according to the second feedback signal, and The conduction time of the first transistor that is turned on is correspondingly controlled according to the pulse width modulation signal, so that the power supply voltage charges the inductance through the first transistor that is turned on; when the inductance needs to be discharged, the driver according to The second feedback signal correspondingly controls the conduction of the second transistors in a second switch group, and correspondingly controls the conduction time of the conduction second transistors according to the pulse width modulation signal, so that the inductors respectively pass through the conduction The second transistor discharges. Wherein, when the inductor needs to be charged, the driver selectively turns on all the first transistors in a first switch group according to the second feedback signal.
由于本发明的开关电源电压调节器能够根据负载的轻重程度或者负载功率来选择性导通相应的第一晶体管与第二晶体管,从而,所述开关电源电压调节器能够针对负载的轻重程度或者负载功率分别输出与负载实际所需的负载电流基本相同的电流。 Since the switching power supply voltage regulator of the present invention can selectively turn on the corresponding first transistor and the second transistor according to the weight of the load or the load power, the switching power supply voltage regulator can control the weight of the load or the load power The power respectively outputs substantially the same current as the load current actually required by the load.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1是本发明开关电源电压调节器第一实施方式的电路结构示意图。 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the first embodiment of the switching power supply voltage regulator of the present invention.
图2是本发明开关电源电压调节器第二实施方式的电路结构示意图。 FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the second embodiment of the switching power supply voltage regulator of the present invention.
主要元件符号说明 Description of main component symbols
如下具体实施方式将结合上述附图进一步说明本发明。 The following specific embodiments will further illustrate the present invention in conjunction with the above-mentioned drawings.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
请参阅图1,图1是本发明开关电源电压调节器第一实施方式的电路结构示意图。该开关电源电压调节器10连接电源100与负载200,用于对该电源100所输出的电源电压Vin进行调节,并产生相应的输出电压Vout给负载200供电。该开关电源电压调节器10包括脉冲宽度调制(Pulse Width Moudle, PWM)信号产生电路11、输出电路12及反馈电路13。该PWM信号产生电路11用于产生PWM信号Spwm。该输出电路12根据该PWM信号产生电路11所输出的PWM信号Spwm对应产生输出电压Vout,并提供该输出电压Vout给该负载200。该反馈电路13根据该输出电压Vout对应输出第一反馈信号F11给该PWM信号产生电路11,以控制该PWM信号产生电路11所产生的PWM信号Spwm的导通时间或非导通时间,进而控制该输出电路12对于功率不同的负载200均能输出稳定的输出电压Vout。其中,在本实施方式中,导通时间是指PWM信号Spwm处于高电平的时间,非导通时间是指PWM信号Spwm处于低电平的时间。然,在其它变更本实施方式中,导通时间也可指PWM信号Spwm处于低电平的时间,而非导通时间是指PWM信号Spwm处于高电平的时间。同时,该反馈电路13进一步根据该输出电压Vout对应输出表征负载轻重程度的第二反馈信号F12给该输出电路12,该输出电路12根据第二反馈信号F12对应调整输出给负载200的负载电流Id。 Please refer to FIG. 1 . FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the first embodiment of the switching power supply voltage regulator of the present invention. The switching power supply voltage regulator 10 is connected to the power supply 100 and the load 200 for regulating the power supply voltage Vin output by the power supply 100 and generating a corresponding output voltage Vout to supply power to the load 200 . The switching power supply voltage regulator 10 includes a pulse width modulation (Pulse Width Moudle, PWM) signal generating circuit 11 , an output circuit 12 and a feedback circuit 13 . The PWM signal generating circuit 11 is used to generate the PWM signal Spwm. The output circuit 12 correspondingly generates an output voltage Vout according to the PWM signal Spwm output by the PWM signal generating circuit 11 , and provides the output voltage Vout to the load 200 . The feedback circuit 13 correspondingly outputs the first feedback signal F11 to the PWM signal generating circuit 11 according to the output voltage Vout, so as to control the conduction time or non-conduction time of the PWM signal Spwm generated by the PWM signal generating circuit 11, and then control The output circuit 12 can output a stable output voltage Vout for loads 200 with different powers. Wherein, in this embodiment, the conduction time refers to the time when the PWM signal Spwm is at a high level, and the non-conduction time refers to the time when the PWM signal Spwm is at a low level. However, in other modified embodiments, the conduction time may also refer to the time when the PWM signal Spwm is at a low level, and the non-conduction time refers to the time when the PWM signal Spwm is at a high level. At the same time, the feedback circuit 13 further outputs a second feedback signal F12 representing the severity of the load to the output circuit 12 according to the output voltage Vout, and the output circuit 12 adjusts the load current I output to the load 200 according to the second feedback signal F12. d .
该输出电路12包括驱动器121、多个上下桥开关123、电感125以及输出端127。该驱动器121包括多个输出端子121a。每一上下桥开关123包括一第一晶体管T11与一第二晶体管T12。该第一晶体管T11包括控制端G11、第一导通端S11与第二导通端D11。该第二晶体管T12包括控制端G12、第一导通端S12与第二导通端D12。该第一晶体管T11的控制端G11与该第二晶体管T12的控制端G12均与该驱动器121的输出端子121a连接。该第一晶体管T11的第一导通端S11与该电源100连接。该第二晶体管T12的第二导通端D12接地。该第一晶体管T11的第二导通端D11与该第二晶体管T12的第一导通端S12连接,且二者之间定义一输出节点N。各上下桥开关123的输出节点N相连接。该电感125包括第一端a与第二端b。该第一端a与每一上下桥开关123的输出节点N均连接,该第二端b作为该输出端127或者与该输出端127连接。在本实施方式中,每一上下桥开关123中的第一晶体管T11与第二晶体管T12均为NMOS晶体管,相应地,该控制端G11、G12均为栅极,该第一导通端S11、S12均为源极,该第二导通端D11、D12均为漏极。在其它变更实施方式中,每一上下桥开关123中的第一晶体管T11与第二晶体管T12也可分别为PMOS晶体管或者NMOS晶体管与PMOS晶体管的组合,只要该驱动器121提供相应的驱动信号即可。 The output circuit 12 includes a driver 121 , a plurality of upper and lower bridge switches 123 , an inductor 125 and an output terminal 127 . The driver 121 includes a plurality of output terminals 121a. Each of the upper and lower bridge switches 123 includes a first transistor T11 and a second transistor T12. The first transistor T11 includes a control terminal G11 , a first conduction terminal S11 and a second conduction terminal D11 . The second transistor T12 includes a control terminal G12, a first conduction terminal S12, and a second conduction terminal D12. The control terminal G11 of the first transistor T11 and the control terminal G12 of the second transistor T12 are both connected to the output terminal 121 a of the driver 121 . The first conduction terminal S11 of the first transistor T11 is connected to the power source 100 . The second conduction terminal D12 of the second transistor T12 is grounded. The second conduction terminal D11 of the first transistor T11 is connected to the first conduction terminal S12 of the second transistor T12, and an output node N is defined therebetween. The output nodes N of the respective upper and lower bridge switches 123 are connected to each other. The inductor 125 includes a first end a and a second end b. The first end a is connected to the output node N of each upper and lower bridge switch 123 , and the second end b serves as the output end 127 or is connected to the output end 127 . In this embodiment, the first transistor T11 and the second transistor T12 in each upper and lower bridge switch 123 are both NMOS transistors, correspondingly, the control terminals G11 and G12 are both gates, and the first conduction terminals S11, Both S12 are sources, and the second conduction terminals D11 and D12 are both drains. In other modified embodiments, the first transistor T11 and the second transistor T12 in each upper and lower bridge switch 123 can also be PMOS transistors or a combination of NMOS transistors and PMOS transistors, as long as the driver 121 provides corresponding driving signals. .
进一步地,该多个上下桥开关123的第一晶体管T11划分为多个第一开关组A1,每一第一开关组A1包括至少一第一晶体管T11,各第一开关组A1中的第一晶体管T11的数量彼此不同。该多个上下桥开关123的第二晶体管T12划分为多个第二开关组A2,每一第二开关组A2包括至少一第二晶体管T12,各第二开关组A2中的第二晶体管T12的数量彼此不同。对于属于同一第一或第二开关组A1、A2的晶体管的控制端均与该驱动器121的同一输出端子121a连接。在本实施方式中,该多个第一开关组A1与该多个第二开关组A2的数量相同。每一第一开关组A1中的第一晶体管T11的数量均对应与一第二开关组A2中的第二晶体管T12的数量相同。对于具有数量相同晶体管的第一开关组A1与第二开关组A2,优选地,该第一开关组A1中的每一第一晶体管T11均与该第二开关组A2中的一第二晶体管T12组成所述上下桥开关123。 Further, the first transistors T11 of the plurality of upper and lower bridge switches 123 are divided into a plurality of first switch groups A1, each first switch group A1 includes at least one first transistor T11, and the first transistor T11 in each first switch group A1 The numbers of transistors T11 are different from each other. The second transistors T12 of the plurality of upper and lower bridge switches 123 are divided into a plurality of second switch groups A2, each second switch group A2 includes at least one second transistor T12, and the second transistor T12 in each second switch group A2 The quantities are different from each other. The control terminals of the transistors belonging to the same first or second switch group A1 , A2 are all connected to the same output terminal 121 a of the driver 121 . In this embodiment, the number of the plurality of first switch groups A1 is the same as the number of the plurality of second switch groups A2. The number of the first transistors T11 in each first switch group A1 is correspondingly the same as the number of the second transistors T12 in a second switch group A2. For the first switch group A1 and the second switch group A2 having the same number of transistors, preferably, each first transistor T11 in the first switch group A1 is connected to a second transistor T12 in the second switch group A2 The upper and lower bridge switches 123 are formed.
在其它变更实施方式中,每一第一开关组A1中的第一晶体管T11的数量非均对应与一第二开关组A2中的第二晶体管T12的数量相同,也就是说,或者每一第一开关组A1中的第一晶体管T11的数量与各第二开关组A2中的第二晶体管T12的数量均不同;或者一部分第一开关组A1中的第一晶体管T11的数量与一部分第二开关组A2中的第二晶体管T12的数量分别对应相同,而另一部分的第一开关组A1中的第一晶体管T11的数量与另一部分第二开关组A2中的第二晶体管T12的数量均不同。要说明的是,该多个第一开关组A1与该多个第二开关组A2的划分依据是该负载200的轻重程度,且此过程是预先经过实验测量得到的。在电学领域,通常根据负载200的功率的多少,将负载200划分为重负载、中负载与轻负载等轻重程度不同的负载。其中,重负载、中负载与轻负载的功率依次降低。另外,也可在重负载与中负载之间再划分出次重负载,在中负载与轻负载之间再划分出次中负载等、以对负载200细分。相应地,当对负载200粗分时,如分为重负载、中负载与轻负载三种轻重类型的负载,则此三种轻重类型中的每种负载均可包括功率相近或者满足预定功率范围的多个负载;当对负载200细分时,满足同一种轻重类型的负载的个数变少,甚至每一种轻重类型的负载的个数仅为一个,即,只要负载功率不同则就被定义为一种轻重类型的负载。因此,对应所划分的轻重程度不同的负载200的数量,对应获得该第一开关组A1与该第二开关组A2的数量、以及各第一开关组A1与第二开关组A2中的晶体管的数量。 In other modified implementation manners, the number of first transistors T11 in each first switch group A1 is not uniformly corresponding to the number of second transistors T12 in a second switch group A2, that is, each first transistor T11 The number of first transistors T11 in a switch group A1 is different from the number of second transistors T12 in each second switch group A2; or the number of first transistors T11 in a part of the first switch group A1 is different from that in a part of the second switches The numbers of the second transistors T12 in the group A2 are respectively the same, and the numbers of the first transistors T11 in the other part of the first switch group A1 are different from the numbers of the second transistors T12 in the other part of the second switch group A2. It should be noted that the division of the plurality of first switch groups A1 and the plurality of second switch groups A2 is based on the severity of the load 200 , and this process is obtained through experimental measurements in advance. In the electrical field, the load 200 is usually classified into heavy load, medium load and light load according to the power of the load 200 . Wherein, the power of the heavy load, the medium load and the light load decreases sequentially. In addition, sub-heavy loads may be further divided between heavy loads and medium loads, and sub-medium loads may be further divided between medium loads and light loads to subdivide the load 200 . Correspondingly, when the load 200 is roughly divided into three light-heavy types of loads, such as heavy load, medium load and light load, each of the three light-heavy types of loads can include power similar to or meet a predetermined power range multiple loads; when subdividing the load 200, the number of loads satisfying the same light and heavy type becomes less, and even the number of each light and heavy type of load is only one, that is, as long as the load power is different, it will be Defined as a light-heavy type of load. Therefore, corresponding to the number of divided loads 200 of different degrees, the number of the first switch group A1 and the second switch group A2 and the number of transistors in each of the first switch group A1 and the second switch group A2 are correspondingly obtained. quantity.
该开关电源电压调节器10的工作原理如下: The working principle of the switching power supply voltage regulator 10 is as follows:
当需要对该电感125进行充电时,该驱动器121根据该第二反馈信号F12对应控制一第一开关组A1中的第一晶体管T11均导通,并根据该PWM信号Spwm对应控制导通的第一晶体管T11的导通时间,以使得该电源电压Vin分别通过导通的第一晶体管T11对该电感125进行充电;当需要对该电感125进行放电时,该驱动器121根据该第二反馈信号F12对应控制一第二开关组A2中的第二晶体管T12均导通,并根据该PWM信号Spwm对应控制导通的第二晶体管T12的导通时间,以使得该电感125分别通过导通的第二晶体管T12进行放电。其中,对于轻重程度不同的负载200,该驱动器121根据该第二反馈信号F12对应控制不同的第一开关组A1工作来对该电感125进行充电,以及对应控制不同的第二开关组A2工作来对该电感125进行放电。 When the inductance 125 needs to be charged, the driver 121 correspondingly controls the first transistors T11 in the first switch group A1 to be turned on according to the second feedback signal F12, and correspondingly controls the turned-on first transistor T11 according to the PWM signal Spwm The conduction time of a transistor T11, so that the power supply voltage Vin charges the inductance 125 through the conduction first transistor T11; when the inductance 125 needs to be discharged, the driver 121 according to the second feedback signal F12 Correspondingly control the conduction of the second transistor T12 in the second switch group A2, and correspondingly control the conduction time of the conduction second transistor T12 according to the PWM signal Spwm, so that the inductor 125 respectively passes through the conduction of the second transistor T12 Transistor T12 discharges. Wherein, for loads 200 with different degrees of severity, the driver 121 correspondingly controls the operation of different first switch groups A1 to charge the inductor 125 according to the second feedback signal F12, and correspondingly controls the operation of different second switch groups A2 to The inductance 125 is discharged.
该负载200越重,该驱动器121根据该第二反馈信号F12对应控制具有数量越多的第一晶体管T11的第一开关组A1工作、来对该电感125进行充电,以及对应控制具有数量越多的第二晶体管T12的第二开关组A2工作、来对该电感125进行放电;相反,该负载200越轻,该驱动器121根据该第二反馈信号F12对应控制具有数量越少的第一晶体管T11的第一开关组A1工作、来对该电感125进行充电,以及对应控制具有数量越少的第二晶体管T12的第二开关组A2工作、来对该电感125进行放电。 The heavier the load 200 is, the driver 121 correspondingly controls the operation of the first switch group A1 having a larger number of first transistors T11 according to the second feedback signal F12 to charge the inductance 125, and correspondingly controls the operation of the first switch group A1 having a larger number of first transistors T11 The second switch group A2 of the second transistor T12 works to discharge the inductance 125; on the contrary, the lighter the load 200, the driver 121 correspondingly controls the first transistor T11 with a smaller number according to the second feedback signal F12 The first switch group A1 is operated to charge the inductance 125 , and the second switch group A2 with a smaller number of second transistors T12 is correspondingly controlled to work to discharge the inductance 125 .
对于轻重程度相同的负载200,该驱动器121根据该第二反馈信号F12对应控制同一第一开关组A1工作、来对该电感125进行充电,以及对应控制同一第二开关组A2工作、来对该电感125进行放电。 For loads 200 with the same severity, the driver 121 correspondingly controls the operation of the same first switch group A1 to charge the inductor 125 according to the second feedback signal F12, and correspondingly controls the operation of the same second switch group A2 to charge the inductance 125. The inductor 125 is discharged.
由于该负载200越重,导通的第一晶体管T11的数量越多,而每一导通的第一晶体管T11相当于连接于该电源100与该电感125之间的电阻,且各导通的第一晶体管T11为并联连接关系,根据电路原理,相并联的电阻的数量越多,则总阻值越小且小于相并联的每一电阻的阻值,从而,对应该负载200越重,电连接于该电源100与该电感125之间的总电阻越小,则输出给该负载200的负载电流Id越大。与第一开关组A1的工作原理类似,为简便说明,该第二开关组A2的工作原理不再赘述。相反地,当该负载200越轻,该开关电源电压调节器10输出给该负载200的负载电流Id越小,则更接近该负载200实际所需的负载电流。故,该负载200所消耗的电能变小。 Since the load 200 is heavier, the number of first transistors T11 turned on is more, and each turned on first transistor T11 is equivalent to a resistor connected between the power supply 100 and the inductor 125, and each turned on The first transistor T11 is connected in parallel. According to the circuit principle, the larger the number of resistors connected in parallel, the smaller the total resistance value and smaller than the resistance value of each resistor connected in parallel. Therefore, the heavier the load 200, the more The smaller the total resistance connected between the power source 100 and the inductor 125 is, the larger the load current I d output to the load 200 is. Similar to the working principle of the first switch group A1, the working principle of the second switch group A2 will not be repeated for simplicity. On the contrary, when the load 200 is lighter, the load current Id outputted by the switching power supply voltage regulator 10 to the load 200 is smaller, which is closer to the load current actually required by the load 200 . Therefore, the electric energy consumed by the load 200 becomes smaller.
请参阅图2,图2是本发明开关电源电压调节器第二实施方式的电路结构示意图。第二实施方式的开关电源电压调节器20与第一实施方式的开关电源电压调节器10的结构基本相同,二者主要区别在于:第一,第一晶体管T21的控制端G21与第二晶体管T22的控制端G22均分别对应与驱动器221的一输出端子221a相连接;第二,该开关电源电压调节器10是根据负载200的轻重程度不同来控制第一晶体管T11与第二晶体管T12的导通数量,然,该二实施方式的开关电源电压调节器20是根据负载200功率大小不同来控制第一晶体管T21与第二晶体管T22的导通数量,即,只要该负载200功率的不同,该开关电源电压调节器20对应控制第一晶体管T21与第二晶体管T22的导通数量即改变。在第二实施方式中,该驱动器221根据表征负载功率的第二反馈信号F22对应调整输出给负载200的负载电流Id。 Please refer to FIG. 2 . FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the second embodiment of the switching power supply voltage regulator of the present invention. The structure of the switching power supply voltage regulator 20 of the second embodiment is basically the same as that of the switching power supply voltage regulator 10 of the first embodiment. The control terminals G22 of the switching power supply voltage regulator 10 control the conduction of the first transistor T11 and the second transistor T12 according to the degree of load 200. Quantity, however, the switching power supply voltage regulator 20 of the two embodiments is to control the conduction quantity of the first transistor T21 and the second transistor T22 according to the different power of the load 200, that is, as long as the power of the load 200 is different, the switch The power supply voltage regulator 20 correspondingly controls the conducting quantity of the first transistor T21 and the second transistor T22 to change. In the second embodiment, the driver 221 correspondingly adjusts the load current Id output to the load 200 according to the second feedback signal F22 representing the load power.
该负载200功率越大,当需要对该电感225进行充电时,该驱动器221根据该第二反馈信号F22对应控制该多个上下桥开关223中第一晶体管导通T21的数量越多;当需要对该电感225进行放电时,该驱动器221根据该第二反馈信号F22对应控制该多个上下桥开关223中第二晶体管导通T22的数量越多。反之,该负载200功率越小,当需要对该电感225进行充电时,该驱动器221根据该第二反馈信号F22对应控制该多个上下桥开关223中第一晶体管导通T21的数量越少;当需要对该电感225进行放电时,该驱动器221根据该第二反馈信号F22对应控制该多个上下桥开关223中第二晶体管导通T22的数量越少。优选地,该驱动器221交替控制同一上下桥开关223中的第一晶体管T21与第二晶体管T22导通,来对该电感225进行充放电。 The greater the power of the load 200, when the inductance 225 needs to be charged, the driver 221 correspondingly controls the number of first transistors in the plurality of upper and lower bridge switches 223 to turn on T21 according to the second feedback signal F22; When the inductor 225 is discharged, the driver 221 correspondingly controls the number of the second transistors in the plurality of upper and lower bridge switches 223 to be turned on T22 according to the second feedback signal F22 . Conversely, the smaller the power of the load 200 is, when the inductance 225 needs to be charged, the driver 221 correspondingly controls the number of first transistors in the plurality of upper and lower bridge switches 223 to turn on T21 according to the second feedback signal F22; When the inductance 225 needs to be discharged, the driver 221 correspondingly controls the number of the second transistors in the plurality of upper and lower bridge switches 223 to be turned on T22 according to the second feedback signal F22 to be smaller. Preferably, the driver 221 alternately controls the conduction of the first transistor T21 and the second transistor T22 in the same upper and lower bridge switch 223 to charge and discharge the inductor 225 .
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Application publication date: 20150318 |