CN104423402A - PWM signal-based alternating current heating control method and application - Google Patents
PWM signal-based alternating current heating control method and application Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a PWM signal-based alternating current heating control method. With the PWM signal-based alternating current heating control method adopted, problems of voltage fluctuation and flicking and problems caused by harmonic waves can be solved. The PWM signal-based alternating current heating control method includes the following steps that: 1) PWM signals are utilized to demodulate an alternating current power source, so that continuously switched on and continuously switched off time of the alternating current power source is smaller than 1/2 of an alternating current power source period. With the PWM signal-based alternating current heating control method of the invention adopted, the problem of the flicking which is brought about when a heater is utilized to heat water can be effectively solved; harmonic current is small; and control precision is unrelated to a control period.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method for heating and controlling, more particularly, relate to a kind of interchange method for heating and controlling based on pwm signal, take into account an AC electric-heating control method for voltage fluctuation and flicker problem and harmonic wave, a kind of AC electric-heating control device taking into account voltage fluctuation and flicker problem and harmonic wave.
Background technology
Be widely used in heating control system based on the interchange phase control mode of bidirectional thyristor and alternating power mode.
When using alternating power mode to drive well heater heat, when energising lead to continuously time and continuous break time be designed to respectively the cycle being greater than AC power two/for the moment, will flicker problem be caused.In order to solve the problem, then the time logical continuously of the energising of water heater and time disconnected continuously can only be made to be designed to respectively be less than or equal to 1/2nd of AC mains cycle.But, if use the method, the heater power that can use is limited, when water flow and the change of design temperature fierceness, leaving water temperature often cannot reach the design temperature of user's setting, or exceedes setting leaving water temperature from far away, causes temperature too high, by causing, user's is uncomfortable for this, or there is potential safety hazard.When alternating power mode is specifically implemented, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2.Its flicker test result is as follows:
| Measured result | Restriction | Test result | |
| Short-term flicker indicated value | 1.743 | 1.00 | Defective |
And use interchange phase control mode to drive AC power to heat, flicker problem can be solved, but be the mode adopting cutting AC power owing to exchanging phase control mode, the low-order harmonic exported enriches, and cause serious mains by harmonics electric current to pollute, be especially that 90 ° of harmonic contents produced are maximum at conduction angle.In order to by electromagnetic compatibility limit value, harmonic current Emission Limits standard, then need the filtering circuit and the shield assembly that increase large volume.Not only efficiency is low, and causes the waste of great amount of cost,
And the increase of assembling difficulty.When interchange phase control mode is specifically implemented, as shown in Figure 3, Figure 4.
Following table is that the feature exchanging phase control mode and alternating power mode is summed up:
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of solution is provided to use alternating power mode and exchange a kind of AC electric-heating control method based on pwm signal can not taking into account voltage fluctuation and flicker problem and harmonic problem when phased approach controls heating, take into account an AC electric-heating control method for voltage fluctuation and flicker problem and harmonic wave, a kind of AC electric-heating control device taking into account voltage fluctuation and flicker problem and harmonic wave.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
Based on an AC electric-heating control method for pwm signal, utilize pwm signal to reconcile AC power, make the AC power time logical, disconnected continuously continuously be less than 1/2nd of AC mains cycle.
As preferably, comprise further: being restored to sine wave by reconciling the current/voltage obtained, not comprising low-order harmonic in electric current, reducing harmonic wave total amount.
As preferably, with the zero crossing of AC power for benchmark, output pwm signal.
As preferably, the frequency of pwm signal is not less than four times of ac power frequency, is less than 1/2nd of AC mains cycle with the time realizing AC power logical, disconnected continuously continuously.
Take into account an AC electric-heating control method for voltage fluctuation and flicker problem and harmonic wave, use the described AC power control method based on pwm signal, electrical heating alternating current is controlled, and carries out following steps simultaneously:
A) target setting temperature;
B) detect inflow temperature, leaving water temperature, judge that whether inflow temperature is higher than target temperature, if it is terminate heating, if not, then carry out step C);
C) power required for heating is calculated;
D) dutycycle of pwm signal is calculated;
E) judge whether AC power exists zero cross signal, if had, then output pwm signal, if not, then waits for zero cross signal;
F) judge whether that existence is ceased and desisted order, if had, then terminate heating, if not, then return step B).
As preferably, AC power first carries out EMI filtering before being used for heating.
As preferably, according to the power required for heating, output pwm signal, according to the break-make duration of the Duty ratio control AC power of pwm signal, regulates the output voltage of AC power.
As preferably, by isolated for the AC power being used for heating of the pwm signal of light current and forceful electric power.
As preferably, the control signal that the break-make of AC power is sent by controller controls to have self-on-off switching and controls.
As preferably, the mode that pwm signal controls is that fixed frequency regulates any one in dutycycle or fixed duty cycle regulating frequency or combination.
Take into account an AC electric-heating control device for voltage fluctuation and flicker problem and harmonic wave, comprise well heater, AC power, temperature detecting unit, EMI filter circuit, also comprise zero cross detection circuit, control module, control processor; The AC power zero crossing that control processor detects with zero cross detection circuit is for benchmark, and output pwm signal, to control module, controls the break-make of heating circuit.
As preferably, control module comprises switch element, isolated location, driver element; Switch element is for realizing the break-make of heating circuit; Isolated location is used for isolated for the AC power being used for heating of the pwm signal of light current and forceful electric power; Driver element is connected between switch element, isolated location, for strengthening the electric current of pwm signal.
As preferably, switch element comprises bidirectional bridge, switching tube, earial drainage loop, and switching tube, earial drainage loop are connected in parallel between bidirectional bridge.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
The present invention passes through conducting and the cut-off of pwm signal gauge tap, and change is added in the voltage at well heater two ends and the size of electric current by conducting and the cut-off of switch.Frequency due to PWM credit is at least four times of ac power frequency, time that is logical and that break continuously is less than 1/2nd of AC mains cycle to its switch continuously, therefore can by the regulation of voltage fluctuation and flicker limit value during heating, and the flicker naked eyes of LED and tungsten lamp are invisible.Pwm signal frequency is higher, and output current and voltage more approach sine-wave power, and output voltage and electric current return to sinusoidal waveform, and frequency is identical with input power frequency, but amplitude is different.Do not comprise low-order harmonic in electric current, only containing the higher hamonic wave relevant with switching frequency, and harmonic current successively decreases successively with number of times, and owing to not having low-order harmonic, harmonic wave total amount is very little.Compare and to use when exchanging phased approach as the more complicated that uses and bulky electromagnetic interface filter and other shield assemblys, this method just meets harmonic current Emission Limits by simple electromagnetic interface filter.And control accuracy and control cycle have nothing to do, the limit value in control accuracy uncontrolled cycle, can realize degree of precision and control.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the waveform schematic diagram of the alternating power mode of prior art when specifically implementing; In Fig. 1, the square wave of top is control signal, and the waveform of below is the comparison of wave shape before and after implementing, and dotted line waveform is the waveform before implementing, and solid line waveform is the waveform after implementing;
Fig. 2 is the harmonics measurement schematic diagram of the alternating power mode of prior art when specifically implementing;
Fig. 3 is the waveform schematic diagram of the interchange phase control mode of prior art when specifically implementing; In Fig. 3, the pulse waveform of top is control signal, and the waveform of below is the comparison of wave shape before and after implementing, and dotted line waveform is the waveform before implementing, and solid line waveform is the waveform after implementing;
Fig. 4 is the harmonics measurement schematic diagram of the interchange phase control mode of prior art when specifically implementing;
Fig. 5 is a kind of process flow diagram taking into account the AC electric-heating control method of voltage fluctuation and flicker problem and harmonic wave of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is a kind of theory diagram taking into account the AC electric-heating control device of voltage fluctuation and flicker problem and harmonic wave of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the current-voltage waveform figure after pwm signal copped wave;
Fig. 8 is the oscillogram of current/voltage after level and smooth after pwm signal copped wave;
Harmonics measurement schematic diagram when Fig. 9 is method of the present invention enforcement.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further detail.
A kind of based on PWM(PULSE WIDTH MODULATION, width modulation) the AC electric-heating control method of signal, step is as follows:
1) utilize pwm signal to reconcile AC power, make the AC power time logical, disconnected continuously continuously be less than 1/2nd of AC mains cycle;
2) step 1) is reconciled the current/voltage obtained and be restored to sine wave, in electric current, do not comprise low-order harmonic, reduce harmonic wave total amount.
This method with the zero crossing of AC power for benchmark, output pwm signal.
For the object meeting harmonic current Emission Limits and voltage fluctuation and flicker limit value, the frequency of pwm signal is not less than four times of ac power frequency, the frequency of generalized case PWM can reach KHz rank, is less than 1/2nd of AC mains cycle with the time realizing AC power logical, disconnected continuously continuously.
Based on the above-mentioned AC power control method based on pwm signal, the present invention is applied on the field of AC power computer heating control, a kind of AC electric-heating control method taking into account voltage fluctuation and flicker problem and harmonic wave is provided, use the AC power control method based on pwm signal, electric heating alternating current is controlled, and carry out following steps simultaneously, as shown in Figure 5:
A) target setting temperature;
B) detect inflow temperature, leaving water temperature, judge that whether inflow temperature is higher than target temperature, if it is terminate heating, if not, then carry out step C);
C) power required for heating is calculated;
D) dutycycle of pwm signal is calculated;
E) judge whether AC power exists zero cross signal, if had, then output pwm signal, if not, then waits for zero cross signal;
F) judge whether that existence is ceased and desisted order, if had, then terminate heating, if not, then return step B).
From implementation, the invention provides the mode that two kinds of pwm signals control, a kind of is fixed frequency adjustment dutycycle, and another kind is fixed duty cycle regulating frequency.
For the requirement of EMI, AC power first carries out EMI filtering before being used for heating.
The control that this method heats AC power for: according to the power required for heating, output pwm signal, according to the break-make duration of the Duty ratio control AC power of pwm signal, regulates the output voltage of AC power.
For more effectively performing the control of pwm signal to AC power and the consideration of safety, also by isolated for the AC power being used for heating of the pwm signal of light current and forceful electric power in this method.
Due to the requirement of this method self-characteristic, the control signal that the break-make of AC power is sent by controller controls to have self-on-off switching and controls, and the switch of use must have the function from turning off, and comprises but is not limited only to IGBT.
Based on the above-mentioned AC electric-heating control method taking into account voltage fluctuation and flicker problem and harmonic wave, the present invention also provides a kind of AC electric-heating control device taking into account voltage fluctuation and flicker problem and harmonic wave, comprises well heater, AC power, temperature detecting unit, EMI filter circuit, zero cross detection circuit, control module, control processor; The AC power zero crossing that control processor detects with zero cross detection circuit is for benchmark, and output pwm signal, to control module, controls the break-make of heating circuit.
Control module comprises switch element, isolated location, driver element; Switch element is for realizing the break-make of heating circuit; Isolated location is used for isolated for the AC power being used for heating of the pwm signal of light current and forceful electric power; Driver element is connected between switch element, isolated location, for strengthening the electric current of pwm signal.
Switch element comprises bidirectional bridge, switching tube, earial drainage loop, and switching tube, earial drainage loop are connected in parallel between bidirectional bridge.
Embodiment
Present embodiment discloses a kind of heating control apparatus, as shown in Figure 6, comprising:
For providing the well heater of heat;
The temperature sensing circuit that above-mentioned well heater is subsidiary;
Drive the AC power of above-mentioned well heater;
The EMI filter circuit of above-mentioned AC power;
The zero cross detection circuit of above-mentioned AC power;
The control module of above-mentioned AC power, for connecting described AC power and well heater, and controls the electric current that AC power is supplied to well heater;
Control processor, provides control signal (i.e. pwm signal) to the control module of AC power, controls conducting and the cut-off of the switching tube of the control module breaker in middle unit of AC power after over-drive unit.
Device described in the present embodiment, with the zero crossing of AC power for benchmark, control processor, according to heating power demand output pwm signal, controls in the control module of AC power, the conducting of switching tube and cut-off regulation output voltage, frequency and the dutycycle of output voltage amplitude and pwm signal are relevant.The frequency setting of pwm signal is four times that are not less than ac power frequency, then the time that switching tube is logical and disconnected continuously is continuously less than 1/2nd of AC mains cycle.
In the present embodiment, the frequency of described AC power is less than 100 hertz.
Zero passage detection part is mainly used in the detection realizing AC power zero crossing, two-way optocoupler is selected in the present embodiment, when AC power electric current is close to zero point, the LED in optocoupler is not luminous thus export high level, when the luminous thus output low level of AC power LED after zero crossing.
The control module of AC power, comprises switch element, isolated location, driver element.Switch element is the conducting and the cut-off that realize controlled loading alternating current on the heaters, and comprise bidirectional bridge, earial drainage is returned and switching tube, and switching tube can only select the switching tube that can independently turn off, and can not use controllable silicon, i.e. thyristor.Switching tube makes its conducting and cut-off by pwm signal.Driver element connecting valve unit and isolated location, be the electric current in order to strengthen the pwm signal sent from control processor, but build with discrete device, or directly use driving chip to realize.PWM exports by isolated location to be isolated with the control module of AC power, namely in order to by weak current part with exchange strong power part isolation, the isolation pwm signal part of light current and the AC power part for heating of forceful electric power, in the present embodiment, the optional kinds of schemes such as light-coupled isolation, transformer isolation altogether.
Control processor is chosen single-chip microcomputer in the present embodiment and is realized, and concrete methods of realizing belongs to that those skilled in the art easily realize, and does not repeat herein.
In the present embodiment, the mode that pwm signal control AC power carries out heating is that fixed frequency regulates dutycycle, also can be fixed duty cycle regulating frequency, or the combination of the two.
The principle of work of described device is: the inflow temperature of control processor foundation target temperature and collection and leaving water temperature, calculate the power needed for heating, and then calculate the dutycycle of PWM.With the zero crossing of AC power for benchmark, output pwm signal.Pwm signal through isolated location and driver element, the conducting of the switching tube in gauge tap unit and cut-off.Wherein switching tube can independently turn off, and includes but are not limited to MOSET field effect transistor or IGBT insulated gate bipolar transistor.The conducting of switching tube and cut-off, be carried in the voltage at well heater two ends and the size of electric current by change.
Frequency due to pwm signal is at least four times of ac power frequency, the time logical and disconnected continuously continuously of switching tube is then made to be less than 1/2nd of AC mains cycle, therefore can by the regulation of voltage fluctuation and flicker limit value during heating, and the flicker naked eyes of LED and tungsten lamp are invisible.PWM frequency is higher, and output current and voltage more approach sine-wave power (as shown in Figure 7), and output voltage and electric current can return to sinusoidal waveform after smooth voltage and electric current.As shown in Figure 8, the electric current after reduction, the frequency of voltage are identical with input power frequency, but amplitude is different.As shown in Figure 9, do not comprise low-order harmonic in electric current, only containing the higher hamonic wave relevant with switching frequency, and harmonic current successively decreases successively with number of times, and owing to not having low-order harmonic, harmonic wave total amount is very little.
Compare and use when exchanging phase control mode, the more complicated of use and bulky electromagnetic interface filter and other shield assemblys, method of the present invention just meets electromagnetic compatibility limit value, harmonic current Emission Limits by simple EMI filter circuit.In the present embodiment, electromagnetic interface filter includes but are not limited to low-pass filter.
Method of the present invention, its flicker test result is as follows:
| Measured result | Restriction | Test result | |
| Short-term flicker indicated value | 0.028 | 1.00 | Qualified |
Above-described embodiment is only used to the present invention is described, and is not used as limitation of the invention.As long as according to technical spirit of the present invention, change above-described embodiment, modification etc. all will be dropped in the scope of claim of the present invention.
Claims (13)
1. based on an AC electric-heating control method for pwm signal, it is characterized in that, utilize pwm signal to reconcile AC power, make the AC power time logical, disconnected continuously continuously be less than 1/2nd of AC mains cycle.
2. the AC electric-heating control method based on pwm signal according to claim 1, is characterized in that, comprise further: being restored to sine wave by reconciling the current/voltage obtained, not comprising low-order harmonic, reduce harmonic wave total amount in electric current.
3. the AC electric-heating control method based on pwm signal according to claim 1, is characterized in that, with the zero crossing of AC power for benchmark, and output pwm signal.
4. the AC electric-heating control method based on pwm signal according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the frequency of pwm signal is not less than four times of ac power frequency, is less than 1/2nd of AC mains cycle with the time realizing AC power logical, disconnected continuously continuously.
5. take into account the AC electric-heating control method of voltage fluctuation and flicker problem and harmonic wave for one kind, it is characterized in that, use the AC power control method based on pwm signal as described in any one of Claims 1-4, electrical heating alternating current controlled, and carries out following steps simultaneously:
A) target setting temperature;
B) detect inflow temperature, leaving water temperature, judge that whether inflow temperature is higher than target temperature, if it is terminate heating, if not, then carry out step C);
C) power required for heating is calculated;
D) dutycycle of pwm signal is calculated;
E) judge whether AC power exists zero cross signal, if had, then output pwm signal, if not, then waits for zero cross signal;
F) judge whether that existence is ceased and desisted order, if had, then terminate heating, if not, then return step B).
6. the AC electric-heating control method taking into account voltage fluctuation and flicker problem and harmonic wave according to claim 5, is characterized in that, AC power first carries out EMI filtering before being used for heating.
7. the AC electric-heating control method taking into account voltage fluctuation and flicker problem and harmonic wave according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, according to the power required for heating, output pwm signal, according to the break-make duration of the Duty ratio control AC power of pwm signal, regulate the output voltage of AC power.
8. the AC electric-heating control method taking into account voltage fluctuation and flicker problem and harmonic wave according to claim 7, is characterized in that, by isolated for the AC power being used for heating of the pwm signal of light current and forceful electric power.
9. the AC electric-heating control method taking into account voltage fluctuation and flicker problem and harmonic wave according to claim 7, is characterized in that, the control signal that the break-make of AC power is sent by controller controls to have self-on-off switching and controls.
10. the AC electric-heating control method taking into account voltage fluctuation and flicker problem and harmonic wave according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, the mode that pwm signal controls is that fixed frequency regulates any one in dutycycle or fixed duty cycle regulating frequency or combination.
11. 1 kinds of AC electric-heating control device taking into account voltage fluctuation and flicker problem and harmonic wave, comprise well heater, AC power, temperature detecting unit, EMI filter circuit, it is characterized in that, also comprise zero cross detection circuit, control module, control processor; The AC power zero crossing that control processor detects with zero cross detection circuit is for benchmark, and output pwm signal, to control module, controls the break-make of heating circuit.
The 12. AC electric-heating control device taking into account voltage fluctuation and flicker problem and harmonic wave according to claim 11, it is characterized in that, control module comprises switch element, isolated location, driver element; Switch element is for realizing the break-make of heating circuit; Isolated location is used for isolated for the AC power being used for heating of the pwm signal of light current and forceful electric power; Driver element is connected between switch element, isolated location, for strengthening the electric current of pwm signal.
The 13. AC electric-heating control device taking into account voltage fluctuation and flicker problem and harmonic wave according to claim 11, it is characterized in that, switch element comprises bidirectional bridge, switching tube, earial drainage loop, and switching tube, earial drainage loop are connected in parallel between bidirectional bridge.
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Application publication date: 20150318 |
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