CN104416271A - High-precision prefabrication and verification method of austenitic stainless steel weld joint hot crack defect - Google Patents
High-precision prefabrication and verification method of austenitic stainless steel weld joint hot crack defect Download PDFInfo
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- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 229910000963 austenitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000009417 prefabrication Methods 0.000 title abstract 4
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 127
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 117
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 117
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 238000009659 non-destructive testing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 32
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001651 emery Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003032 molecular docking Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012163 sequencing technique Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003239 susceptibility assay Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K31/12—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to investigating the properties, e.g. the weldability, of materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/02—Iron or ferrous alloys
- B23K2103/04—Steel or steel alloys
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Abstract
The invention provides a high-precision prefabrication and verification method of an austenitic stainless steel weld joint hot crack defect. The method comprises the steps of welding a test piece on a cushion plate through buildup welding, welding a test piece through annular butt welding, conducting representative verification to a simulation welding electrode and the annularly butt-welded test piece, testing whether a hot crack defect feature is equivalent or not, and testing whether the mechanical property of deposited metal containing a hot crack is equivalent or not. In the process of study on a high-precision prefabrication technology of the hot crack in the deposited metal of an annularly butt-welded joint of an austenitic stainless steel pipe, key influence factors and degrees of austenitic stainless steel electrode hot crack sensitivity are known, an effective nondestructive testing method for the hot crack is determined, and a verification method of high-precision prefabrication of the hot crack is determined.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Machining Technology field, be specifically related to the prefabricated and verification method of a kind of high accuracy of austenitic stainless steel weld joint fire check defect.
Background technology
Fire check (Hot Cracking or Microfissure) is a kind of Common Welding Defects of austenitic stainless steel, is produced by metallurgy factor, technological factor and interaction thereof.Fire check is the defect that the issuable a kind of harmfulness of austenitic stainless steel welding process is larger, is also the index of austenitic stainless steel fabrication weldability.
For research fire check is to austenite stainless steel loop butt weld (abbreviation girth joint) deposited metal tensile property, the impact of fatigue cumulative damage and fracture mechanics behavior, for fire check nondestructive testing sensitivity test provides welding analog test specimen, and provide foundation for formulating the thorough processing method of usage pipeline girth weld fire check defect, the Φ 3.2mm E316L-17 welding bar for hand electric arc-welding meeting set demand of technical standard need be produced, and in Austenitic stainless steel pipe road girth joint deposited metal, the fire check defect suitable with usage defect of pipeline actual conditions is precast under certain welding condition.(WRC502 announces to only have AWS (WRC) within 2005, to deliver fire check comprehensive study report both at home and abroad, 2005), system adopts manual electric arc pile up welding on pad to produce the technology of the deposited metal containing fire check, wherein do not have the ring docking manual electric arc welding of Austenitic stainless steel pipe road to produce the technology of the deposited metal containing fire check, be not welded in this high-precision fire check defect prefabricating technique of prefabricated fire check in austenitic stainless steel girth joint deposited metal according to given fire check characteristic, employing manual arc yet.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention overcomes the defect of prior art, provides the high accuracy precasting process of fire check defect in a kind of austenitic stainless steel weld joint.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme of the present invention is, the prefabricated and verification method of a kind of high accuracy of austenitic stainless steel weld joint fire check defect, comprises the following steps:
Step 1, backing plate built-up welding welding piece
Step 1.1, simulated electrode is produced, produce coating type and use with Pipe installing the simulated electrode that welding rod is identical, (1993 editions) technical specification set upper limit that hot tearing sensitive elements P is positioned at " design of presurized water reactor nuclear islands equipment and construction rule (RCC-M) ", Ni, Cr are positioned at the lower limit that RCC-M specifies, the DELONG figure adopting RCC-M to specify calculates delta ferrite level;
Step 1.2, selects built-up welding backing plate, adopts ASTM304L austenitic stainless steel as built-up welding backing plate;
Step 1.3, built-up welding, built-up welding on selected backing plate, built-up welding 3 layers, bottom 6 ~ 8 road, all the other two-layer 6 roads, adopt normal respectively and depart from the built-up welding of normal weld technological parameter;
Step 1.4, adopts ultrasonic inspection, radiographic examination (complete), liquid penetration test to the fire check of the deposited metal of built-up welding, delta ferrite level measures and microcosmic metallographic is dissected, and carries out hot tearing sensitivity assays;
Step 1.4.1, comprises the harmless volumetric inspection of ultrasonic inspection and radiographic examination (complete) respectively to the deposited metal of built-up welding;
Step 1.4.2, successively polishes to the deposited metal of built-up welding and successively liquid penetration test, microcosmic metallographic dissect inspection, and delta ferrite level measures;
Step 1.4.2.1, emery wheel is adopted successively to polish and liquid penetration test, every layer of grinding depth 0.5mm ~ 0.6mm, carries out liquid penetration test after one deck of often polishing and delta ferrite level measures, the fire check pattern of observation and analysis liquid penetration test display simultaneously;
Step 1.4.2.2, microcosmic metallographic is dissected, and to adopting the deposited metal machine cuts of same weld technological parameter built-up welding to produce metallographic sample, carries out the micro metallographic analysis of fire check pattern and distribution from surface and cross section both direction;
Step 1.4.2.3, chemical composition analysis, carries out chemical composition analysis from the sampling of metallographic sample sampling residue deposited metal;
Step 1.5, determines simulated electrode, determines simulated electrode according to interpretational criteria I, if do not meet interpretational criteria I, then needs the chemical composition adjusting simulated electrode core wire and coating, makes it meet interpretational criteria I; Interpretational criteria I adopts in the deposited metal of normal weld technological parameter built-up welding not have fire check, employing departs from the deposited metal of normal weld technological parameter built-up welding (single or the combination of 4 welding conditions depart from) has fire check to exist, in deposited metal chemical composition, P is positioned at RCC-M and specifies (≤0.025%) the upper limit, Ni, Cr are positioned at the lower limit that RCC-M specifies (being respectively 12.00% ~ 14.00%, 18.00% ~ 20.00%), delta ferrite level 2.0% ~ 4.0%;
Step 2, ring butt joint welded test pieces
Step 2.1, ring butt joint welded test pieces is produced
Step 2.1.1, selects the butt-welded pipeline section of ring, adopts the remaining tubing of usage Pipe installing and specification;
Step 2.1.2, ring butt welding, the simulated electrode adopting step 1.5 to determine carries out ring docking welding, adopts respectively normally and depart from normal weld technological parameter to carry out the weldering of all positon argon Electricity Federation, and groove type meets RCC-M regulation; First the ER316L welding wire of Φ 1.6mm is adopted to carry out 2 layers of argon arc backing weld, all the other layers adopt simulated electrode to carry out manual electric arc welding, girth joint is made up of 10 layers altogether, and argon arc backing weld layer gross thickness 5mm ~ 6mm, manual arc layer average thickness are no more than simulated electrode diameter dimension;
Step 2.2, the nondestructive test(ing) of ring butt joint welded test pieces deposited metal,
Step 2.2.1, the surface finish of butt welded seam deposited metal carries out radiographic examination (complete) and ultrasonic inspection after reaching nondestructive testing surface roughness requirements successively;
Step 2.2.2, emery wheel is adopted successively to polish and liquid penetration test, every layer of grinding depth 0.5mm ~ 0.6mm, often carry out liquid penetration test and delta ferrite level mensuration after polishing one deck, observe the fire check pattern of liquid penetration test display simultaneously and compare with usage pipeline girth weld deposited metal fire check defect characteristics, till polishing lasts till that liquid penetration test does not detect fire check;
Step 2.3, to adopting the ring butt joint welded test pieces deposited metal machining of same weld technological parameter welding to produce metallographic sample, carries out the micro metallographic analysis of fire check pattern and distribution from cross-sectional and vertical profile both direction to metallographic sample;
Step 2.4, carries out chemical composition analysis to the sampling of metallographic sample sampling residue deposited metal;
Step 2.5, simulated electrode is determined according to interpretational criteria II, if do not meet interpretational criteria II, then need the chemical composition adjusting simulated electrode core wire and coating, interpretational criteria II adopts in the deposited metal of normal weld technological parameter welding to have fire check to exist, adopting in the deposited metal departing from the welding of normal weld technological parameter has fire check to exist, in deposited metal, fire check is suitable with usage pipeline girth weld deposited metal fire check defect characteristics data, be specially: crack morphology is along austenite column crystal corrosion cracking, wall scroll fire check degree of depth < 1.8mm, apart from face of weld 1mm ~ 2mm, interior unit are fire check density about 2/cm
2and fire check density is successively decreased in weld penetration direction, does not substantially have fire check after degree of depth 6mm, deposited metal chemical composition meets AWS A5.4 " manual electric arc welding stainless steel electrode standard " regulation, wherein P is positioned at AWS A5.4 set upper limit, Ni, Cr are positioned at the lower limit that AWS A5.4 specifies, suitable in delta ferrite level and usage pipeline girth weld deposited metal,
Step 2.6, adopts the simulated electrode meeting interpretational criteria II to produce in deposited metal the ring butt joint welded test pieces being prefabricated with fire check;
Step 2.7, is prefabricated with the deposited metal performance test of fire check, and the sampling requirement specified by RCC-M produces deposited metal performance test sample, to carry out under normal temperature laterally and under longitudinal stretching test and design temperature, longitudinal stretching is tested, chemical composition analysis;
Step 3, the representativeness checking of simulated electrode and ring butt joint welded test pieces; For the ring butt joint welded test pieces that the simulated electrode determined through step 1 and step 2 are determined, comprehensively compare from hot tearing sensitiveness, fire check nondestructive testing characteristic, deposited metal chemical composition and delta ferrite level, fire check defect characteristics, tensile property aspect;
Step 3.1, whether inspection simulated electrode hot tearing sensitiveness is suitable with usage pipeline girth weld welding rod hot tearing sensitiveness; Namely, when ring butt joint welded test pieces is produced, adopt the welding of normal weld technological parameter not produce fire check, depart from normal weld technological parameter and then produce fire check; If simulated electrode hot tearing sensitiveness and usage pipeline girth weld welding rod hot tearing sensitiveness are unsuitable, then return step 1;
Step 3.2, whether inspection fire check nondestructive testing characteristic conforms to usage pipeline girth weld fire check nondestructive testing characteristic; Namely volumetric inspection and the front liquid penetration test of polishing all can not find fire check defect; As liquid penetration test finds fire check defect before fire check nondestructive testing or polishing, then return step 1;
Step 3.3, suitable whether with usage pipe welding seam of inspection chemical composition and delta ferrite level; Namely simulated electrode girth joint deposited metal chemical composition meets AWSA5.4 regulation, and simulated electrode girth joint deposited metal chemical composition and delta ferrite level and usage pipe welding seam deposited metal is suitable, and namely data deviation value is within 5%; Suitable as chemical composition and delta ferrite level and usage pipe welding seam, then return step 1;
Step 3.4, whether inspection fire check defect characteristics is suitable; Contrasting by fire check defect characteristics in fire check defect characteristics in simulated electrode girth joint deposited metal and usage pipeline girth weld deposited metal, all should have the feature that crackle has the corrosion cracking along column crystal, is typical fire check; In simulated electrode girth joint deposited metal and usage pipeline girth weld deposited metal, the wall scroll fire check degree of depth is suitable, unit are fire check density about 2/cm in face of weld 1mm ~ 2mm
2and fire check density is successively decreased in weld penetration direction, does not substantially have fire check after degree of depth 6mm; As unsuitable in checked fire check defect characteristics, then return step 1;
Step 3.5, whether inspection is suitable containing the deposited metal mechanical property of fire check; Namely meeting under RCC-M rated condition, simulated electrode girth joint deposited metal mechanical property is suitable with usage pipeline girth weld deposited metal mechanical property, and namely data deviation value is within 5%; As the deposited metal mechanical property containing fire check is unsuitable, then return step 1;
Sequencing is not required between above-mentioned steps 3.1 ~ step 3.5.
In described step 1.3, Wen Du≤100 DEG C between normal weld technological parameter electric current 100A, voltage 24V, bonding speed 200mm/min, layer, depart from welding condition electric current 80A ~ 120A, voltage 24V ~ 32V, bonding speed 150mm/min ~ 250mm/min, interlayer temperature 120 DEG C ~ 190 DEG C.
Described step 2.1.1, tubing is ASTM304L austenitic stainless steel, specification 12 inches (Ф 323mm × 28.58mm), and butt-welded two length of pipe sections of ring are 200mm.
Described step 2.1.2, Wen Du≤100 DEG C between manual electric arc welding normal weld technological parameter electric current 85A ~ 120A, voltage 20V ~ 26V, layer, the welding departing from normal weld technological parameter is ensureing that on the basis that appearance of weld is good, welding current and weldingvoltage limit on the upper side, weld interpass temperature bring up to 160 DEG C ~ 190 DEG C.
The chemical composition of the simulated electrode that the present invention produces meets AWS A5.4 " manual electric arc welding stainless steel electrode standard " regulation, but fire check can be produced in built-up welding and ring butt weld deposited metal within the scope of certain welding condition, and suitable namely with usage pipe ring butt weld deposited metal of prefabricated fire check and both stable condition; The present invention is in the high accuracy precasting process research process of Austenitic stainless steel pipe road ring butt weld deposited metal fire check, key influence factor and the degree of austenite stainless steel-made welding rod hot tearing sensitiveness are known, determine effective non-destructive method of fire check, determine the verification method that fire check high accuracy is prefabricated.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is built-up welding schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the fire check schematic diagram that the deposited metal of built-up welding is successively polished at emery wheel and shown after Liquid Penetrant.
Fig. 3 is fire check microcosmic metallographic pattern in deposited metal.
Fig. 4 is the layer structure structural map of ring butt joint welded test pieces.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described further.
Prefabricated and the verification method of the high accuracy of austenitic stainless steel weld joint fire check defect, comprises the following steps:
Step 1, backing plate built-up welding welding piece
Step 1.1, simulated electrode is produced, produce coating type and Pipe installing uses welding rod (E316L-17, metatitanic acid type) identical simulated electrode, (1993 editions) technical specification set upper limit that hot tearing sensitive elements P is positioned at " design of presurized water reactor nuclear islands equipment and construction rule (RCC-M) ", Ni, Cr are positioned at the lower limit that RCC-M specifies, the DELONG figure adopting RCC-M to specify calculates delta ferrite level;
Step 1.2, selects built-up welding backing plate, and adopt ASTM304L austenitic stainless steel as built-up welding backing plate, built-up welding back plate sizes is long 150mm × wide 60mm × thick 10mm;
Step 1.3, built-up welding, built-up welding on selected backing plate, built-up welding 3 layers, bottom 6 ~ 8 road, all the other two-layer 6 roads, adopt normal respectively and depart from the built-up welding of normal weld technological parameter, as shown in Figure 1, Wen Du≤100 DEG C between normal weld technological parameter electric current 100A, voltage 24V, bonding speed 200mm/min, layer, depart from welding condition electric current 80A ~ 120A, voltage 24V ~ 32V, bonding speed 150mm/min ~ 250mm/min, interlayer temperature 120 DEG C ~ 190 DEG C;
Step 1.4, hot tearing sensitivity tests;
Step 1.4.1, comprises the harmless volumetric inspection of ultrasonic inspection and radiographic examination (complete) respectively to the deposited metal of built-up welding; Because fire check is trickleer, volumetric inspection can not detect fire check; Deposited metal (Undiluted Weld Metal) refers to do not have the welding of soldered backing plate or the dilution of pipeline mother metal to fill metal;
Step 1.4.2, successively polishes to the deposited metal of built-up welding and successively liquid penetration test, microcosmic metallographic dissect inspection, and delta ferrite level measures;
Step 1.4.2.1, emery wheel is adopted successively to polish and liquid penetration test, every layer of grinding depth 0.5mm ~ 0.6mm, as shown in Figure 2, method of magnetic is often utilized to carry out liquid penetration test and delta ferrite level mensuration after polishing one deck, the fire check pattern of observation and analysis liquid penetration test display simultaneously;
Step 1.4.2.2, microcosmic metallographic is dissected, and to adopting the deposited metal machine cuts of same weld technological parameter built-up welding to produce metallographic sample, carries out the micro metallographic analysis of fire check pattern and distribution, as shown in Figure 3 from surface and cross section both direction;
Step 1.4.2.3, chemical composition analysis, carries out chemical composition analysis from the sampling of metallographic sample sampling residue deposited metal;
Step 1.5, determines simulated electrode, determines simulated electrode according to interpretational criteria I, if do not meet interpretational criteria I, then needs the chemical composition adjusting simulated electrode core wire and coating, makes it meet interpretational criteria I; Interpretational criteria I adopts in the deposited metal of normal weld technological parameter built-up welding not have fire check, employing departs from the deposited metal of normal weld technological parameter built-up welding (single or the combination of 4 welding conditions depart from) has fire check to exist, in deposited metal chemical composition, P is positioned at RCC-M and specifies (≤0.025%) the upper limit, Ni, Cr are positioned at the lower limit that RCC-M specifies (being respectively 12.00% ~ 14.00%, 18.00% ~ 20.00%), delta ferrite level 2.0% ~ 4.0%;
Step 2, ring butt joint welded test pieces
Step 2.1, ring butt joint welded test pieces is produced
Step 2.1.1, selects the butt-welded pipeline section of ring, adopts the remaining tubing of usage Pipe installing and specification, tubing is ASTM304L austenitic stainless steel, specification 12 inches (Ф 323mm × 28.58mm), butt-welded two length of pipe sections of ring are 200mm, pipeline during namely service pipeline is on active service;
Step 2.1.2, ring butt welding, the simulated electrode adopting step 1.5 to determine carries out ring docking welding, adopts respectively normally and depart from normal weld technological parameter to carry out the weldering of all positon argon Electricity Federation, namely the ring docking welding that two pipeline section levels are fixing, groove type meets RCC-M regulation, first the ER316L welding wire of Φ 1.6mm is adopted to carry out 2 layers of argon arc backing weld, all the other layers adopt simulated electrode to carry out manual electric arc welding, girth joint is made up of 10 layers altogether, argon arc backing weld layer gross thickness 5mm ~ 6mm, manual arc layer average thickness is no more than simulated electrode diameter dimension (≤3.1mm), as shown in Figure 4, manual electric arc welding normal weld technological parameter electric current 85A ~ 120A, voltage 20V ~ 26V, Wen Du≤100 DEG C between layer, depart from the welding of normal weld technological parameter, ensureing on the basis that appearance of weld is good, welding current and weldingvoltage limit on the upper side, weld interpass temperature brings up to 160 DEG C ~ 190 DEG C,
Step 2.2, the nondestructive test(ing) of ring butt joint welded test pieces deposited metal,
Step 2.2.1, the surface finish of butt welded seam deposited metal carries out radiographic examination (complete) and ultrasonic inspection after reaching nondestructive testing surface roughness requirements successively, and because fire check is trickleer, radiographic examination (complete) and ultrasonic inspection can not detect fire check;
Step 2.2.2, emery wheel is adopted successively to polish and liquid penetration test, every layer of grinding depth 0.5mm ~ 0.6mm, method of magnetic is often utilized to carry out liquid penetration test and delta ferrite level mensuration after polishing one deck, observe the fire check pattern of liquid penetration test display simultaneously and compare with usage pipeline girth weld deposited metal fire check defect characteristics, till polishing lasts till that liquid penetration test does not detect fire check; Fire check defect characteristics comprise fire check pattern, size, along weld penetration direction fire check variable density;
Step 2.3, to adopting the ring butt joint welded test pieces deposited metal machining of same weld technological parameter welding to produce metallographic sample, carries out the micro metallographic analysis of fire check pattern and distribution from cross-sectional and vertical profile both direction to metallographic sample;
Step 2.4, carries out chemical composition analysis to the sampling of metallographic sample sampling residue deposited metal;
Step 2.5, simulated electrode is determined according to interpretational criteria II, if do not meet interpretational criteria II, then need the chemical composition adjusting simulated electrode core wire and coating, interpretational criteria II adopts in the deposited metal of normal weld technological parameter welding to have fire check to exist, adopting in the deposited metal departing from the welding of normal weld technological parameter has fire check to exist, in deposited metal, fire check is suitable with usage pipeline girth weld deposited metal fire check defect characteristics data, being specially crack morphology is along austenite column crystal corrosion cracking, the wall scroll fire check degree of depth (Depth) < 1.8mm, unit are fire check density about 2/cm in face of weld 1mm ~ 2mm
2and fire check density is successively decreased in weld penetration direction, does not substantially have fire check after degree of depth 6mm, deposited metal chemical composition meets AWS A5.4 " manual electric arc welding stainless steel electrode standard " regulation, wherein P is positioned at AWSA5.4 and specifies (≤0.04%) the upper limit, Ni, Cr are positioned at the lower limit that AWS A5.4 specifies (being respectively 11.0% ~ 14.0%, 17.0% ~ 20.0%), suitable (about 3%, method of magnetic is measured) in delta ferrite level and usage pipeline girth weld deposited metal,
Step 2.6, adopts the simulated electrode meeting interpretational criteria II to produce in deposited metal the ring butt joint welded test pieces being prefabricated with fire check;
Step 2.7, be prefabricated with the deposited metal performance test of fire check, the sampling requirement specified by RCC-M produces deposited metal performance test sample, horizontal and longitudinal stretching test under carrying out normal temperature, longitudinal stretching test under design temperature (350 DEG C), chemical composition analysis;
Step 3, the representativeness checking of simulated electrode and ring butt joint welded test pieces; For the ring butt joint welded test pieces that the simulated electrode determined through step 1 and step 2 are determined, comprehensively compare from hot tearing sensitiveness, fire check nondestructive testing characteristic, deposited metal chemical composition and delta ferrite level, fire check defect characteristics (fire check pattern, size, along weld penetration direction fire check variable density), tensile property aspect;
Step 3.1, whether inspection simulated electrode hot tearing sensitiveness is suitable with usage pipeline girth weld welding rod hot tearing sensitiveness; Namely, when ring butt joint welded test pieces is produced, adopt the welding of normal weld technological parameter not produce fire check, depart from normal weld technological parameter and then produce fire check, weldingvoltage higher (namely electric arc is partially long) and interlayer temperature higher, welding hot cracking tendency is increased; If simulated electrode hot tearing sensitiveness and usage pipeline girth weld welding rod hot tearing sensitiveness are unsuitable, then return step 1;
Step 3.2, whether inspection fire check nondestructive testing characteristic conforms to usage pipeline girth weld fire check nondestructive testing characteristic; Because fire check is trickleer, volumetric inspection (ultrasonic inspection and radiographic examination (complete)) can not detect fire check defect; Before polishing, liquid penetration test generally can not find fire check defect, and this is identical with the situation of usage pipeline girth weld fire check defect nondestructive testing; As liquid penetration test finds fire check defect before fire check nondestructive testing or polishing, then return step 1;
Step 3.3, suitable whether with usage pipe welding seam of inspection chemical composition and delta ferrite level; Namely simulated electrode girth joint deposited metal chemical composition meets AWSA5.4 regulation, and (the adopting the qualification of welding procedure result data of usage pipeline welding welding rod) of simulated electrode girth joint deposited metal chemical composition and delta ferrite level and usage pipe welding seam deposited metal is suitable, namely data deviation value is within 5%; Suitable as chemical composition and delta ferrite level and usage pipe welding seam, then return step 1;
Step 3.4, whether inspection fire check defect characteristics is suitable; Contrasting by fire check defect characteristics in fire check defect characteristics in simulated electrode girth joint deposited metal and usage pipeline girth weld deposited metal, all should have the feature that crackle has the corrosion cracking along column crystal, is typical fire check; In simulated electrode girth joint deposited metal and usage pipeline girth weld deposited metal, the wall scroll fire check degree of depth is suitable, unit are fire check density about 2/cm in face of weld 1mm ~ 2mm
2and fire check density is successively decreased in weld penetration direction, does not substantially have fire check after degree of depth 6mm; As unsuitable in checked fire check defect characteristics, then return step 1;
Step 3.5, whether inspection is suitable containing the deposited metal mechanical property of fire check; Namely meeting under RCC-M-1993 rated condition, simulated electrode girth joint deposited metal mechanical property is suitable with usage pipeline girth weld deposited metal mechanical property, and namely data deviation value is within 5%; As the deposited metal mechanical property containing fire check is unsuitable, then return step 1;
Sequencing is not required between above-mentioned steps 3.1 ~ step 3.5.
Above embodiments of the invention are explained in detail, above-mentioned embodiment is only optimum embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to above-described embodiment, in the ken that those of ordinary skill in the art possess, various change can also be made under the prerequisite not departing from present inventive concept.
Claims (4)
1. the prefabricated and verification method of the high accuracy of austenitic stainless steel weld joint fire check defect, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
Step 1, backing plate built-up welding welding piece
Step 1.1, simulated electrode is produced, produce coating type and use with Pipe installing the simulated electrode that welding rod is identical, (1993 editions) technical specification set upper limit that hot tearing sensitive elements P is positioned at " design of presurized water reactor nuclear islands equipment and construction rule (RCC-M) ", Ni, Cr are positioned at the lower limit that RCC-M specifies, the DELONG figure adopting RCC-M to specify calculates delta ferrite level;
Step 1.2, selects built-up welding backing plate, adopts ASTM304L austenitic stainless steel as built-up welding backing plate;
Step 1.3, built-up welding, built-up welding on selected backing plate, built-up welding 3 layers, bottom 6 ~ 8 road, all the other two-layer 6 roads, adopt normal respectively and depart from the built-up welding of normal weld technological parameter;
Step 1.4, adopts ultrasonic inspection, radiographic examination (complete), liquid penetration test to the fire check of the deposited metal of built-up welding, delta ferrite level measures and microcosmic metallographic is dissected, and carries out hot tearing sensitivity assays;
Step 1.4.1, comprises the harmless volumetric inspection of ultrasonic inspection and radiographic examination (complete) respectively to the deposited metal of built-up welding;
Step 1.4.2, successively polishes to the deposited metal of built-up welding and successively liquid penetration test, microcosmic metallographic dissect inspection, and delta ferrite level measures;
Step 1.4.2.1, emery wheel is adopted successively to polish and liquid penetration test, every layer of grinding depth 0.5mm ~ 0.6mm, carries out liquid penetration test after one deck of often polishing and delta ferrite level measures, the fire check pattern of observation and analysis liquid penetration test display simultaneously;
Step 1.4.2.2, microcosmic metallographic is dissected, and to adopting the deposited metal machine cuts of same weld technological parameter built-up welding to produce metallographic sample, carries out the micro metallographic analysis of fire check pattern and distribution from surface and cross section both direction;
Step 1.4.2.3, chemical composition analysis, carries out chemical composition analysis from the sampling of metallographic sample sampling residue deposited metal;
Step 1.5, determines simulated electrode, determines simulated electrode according to interpretational criteria I, if do not meet interpretational criteria I, then needs the chemical composition adjusting simulated electrode core wire and coating, makes it meet interpretational criteria I; Interpretational criteria I adopts in the deposited metal of normal weld technological parameter built-up welding not have fire check, employing departs from the deposited metal of normal weld technological parameter built-up welding (single or the combination of 4 welding conditions depart from) has fire check to exist, in deposited metal chemical composition, P is positioned at RCC-M and specifies (≤0.025%) the upper limit, Ni, Cr are positioned at the lower limit that RCC-M specifies (being respectively 12.00% ~ 14.00%, 18.00% ~ 20.00%), delta ferrite level 2.0% ~ 4.0%;
Step 2, ring butt joint welded test pieces
Step 2.1, ring butt joint welded test pieces is produced
Step 2.1.1, selects the butt-welded pipeline section of ring, adopts the remaining tubing of usage Pipe installing and specification;
Step 2.1.2, ring butt welding, the simulated electrode adopting step 1.5 to determine carries out ring docking welding, adopts respectively normally and depart from normal weld technological parameter to carry out the weldering of all positon argon Electricity Federation, and groove type meets RCC-M regulation; First the ER316L welding wire of Φ 1.6mm is adopted to carry out 2 layers of argon arc backing weld, all the other layers adopt simulated electrode to carry out manual electric arc welding, girth joint is made up of 10 layers altogether, and argon arc backing weld layer gross thickness 5mm ~ 6mm, manual arc layer average thickness are no more than simulated electrode diameter dimension;
Step 2.2, the nondestructive test(ing) of ring butt joint welded test pieces deposited metal,
Step 2.2.1, the surface finish of butt welded seam deposited metal carries out radiographic examination (complete) and ultrasonic inspection after reaching nondestructive testing surface roughness requirements successively;
Step 2.2.2, emery wheel is adopted successively to polish and liquid penetration test, every layer of grinding depth 0.5mm ~ 0.6mm, often carry out liquid penetration test and delta ferrite level mensuration after polishing one deck, observe the fire check pattern of liquid penetration test display simultaneously and compare with usage pipeline girth weld deposited metal fire check defect characteristics, till polishing lasts till that liquid penetration test does not detect fire check;
Step 2.3, to adopting the ring butt joint welded test pieces deposited metal machining of same weld technological parameter welding to produce metallographic sample, carries out the micro metallographic analysis of fire check pattern and distribution from cross-sectional and vertical profile both direction to metallographic sample;
Step 2.4, carries out chemical composition analysis to the sampling of metallographic sample sampling residue deposited metal;
Step 2.5, simulated electrode is determined according to interpretational criteria II, if do not meet interpretational criteria II, then need the chemical composition adjusting simulated electrode core wire and coating, interpretational criteria II adopts in the deposited metal of normal weld technological parameter welding to have fire check to exist, adopting in the deposited metal departing from the welding of normal weld technological parameter has fire check to exist, in deposited metal, fire check is suitable with usage pipeline girth weld deposited metal fire check defect characteristics data, be specially: crack morphology is along austenite column crystal corrosion cracking, wall scroll fire check degree of depth < 1.8mm, apart from face of weld 1mm ~ 2mm, interior unit are fire check density about 2/cm
2and fire check density is successively decreased in weld penetration direction, does not substantially have fire check after degree of depth 6mm, deposited metal chemical composition meets AWS A5.4 " manual electric arc welding stainless steel electrode standard " regulation, wherein P is positioned at AWS A5.4 set upper limit, Ni, Cr are positioned at the lower limit that AWS A5.4 specifies, suitable in delta ferrite level and usage pipeline girth weld deposited metal,
Step 2.6, adopts the simulated electrode meeting interpretational criteria II to produce in deposited metal the ring butt joint welded test pieces being prefabricated with fire check;
Step 2.7, is prefabricated with the deposited metal performance test of fire check, and the sampling requirement specified by RCC-M produces deposited metal performance test sample, to carry out under normal temperature laterally and under longitudinal stretching test and design temperature, longitudinal stretching is tested, chemical composition analysis;
Step 3, the representativeness checking of simulated electrode and ring butt joint welded test pieces; For the ring butt joint welded test pieces that the simulated electrode determined through step 1 and step 2 are determined, comprehensively compare from hot tearing sensitiveness, fire check nondestructive testing characteristic, deposited metal chemical composition and delta ferrite level, fire check defect characteristics, tensile property aspect;
Step 3.1, whether inspection simulated electrode hot tearing sensitiveness is suitable with usage pipeline girth weld welding rod hot tearing sensitiveness; Namely, when ring butt joint welded test pieces is produced, adopt the welding of normal weld technological parameter not produce fire check, depart from normal weld technological parameter and then produce fire check; If simulated electrode hot tearing sensitiveness and usage pipeline girth weld welding rod hot tearing sensitiveness are unsuitable, then return step 1;
Step 3.2, whether inspection fire check nondestructive testing characteristic conforms to usage pipeline girth weld fire check nondestructive testing characteristic; Namely volumetric inspection and the front liquid penetration test of polishing all can not find fire check defect; As liquid penetration test finds fire check defect before fire check nondestructive testing or polishing, then return step 1;
Step 3.3, suitable whether with usage pipe welding seam of inspection chemical composition and delta ferrite level; Namely simulated electrode girth joint deposited metal chemical composition meets AWSA5.4 regulation, and simulated electrode girth joint deposited metal chemical composition and delta ferrite level and usage pipe welding seam deposited metal is suitable, and namely data deviation value is within 5%; Suitable as chemical composition and delta ferrite level and usage pipe welding seam, then return step 1;
Step 3.4, whether inspection fire check defect characteristics is suitable; Contrasting by fire check defect characteristics in fire check defect characteristics in simulated electrode girth joint deposited metal and usage pipeline girth weld deposited metal, all should have the feature that crackle has the corrosion cracking along column crystal, is typical fire check; In simulated electrode girth joint deposited metal and usage pipeline girth weld deposited metal, the wall scroll fire check degree of depth is suitable, unit are fire check density about 2/cm in face of weld 1mm ~ 2mm
2and fire check density is successively decreased in weld penetration direction, does not substantially have fire check after degree of depth 6mm; As unsuitable in checked fire check defect characteristics, then return step 1;
Step 3.5, whether inspection is suitable containing the deposited metal mechanical property of fire check; Namely meeting under RCC-M rated condition, simulated electrode girth joint deposited metal mechanical property is suitable with usage pipeline girth weld deposited metal mechanical property, and namely data deviation value is within 5%; As the deposited metal mechanical property containing fire check is unsuitable, then return step 1;
Sequencing is not required between above-mentioned steps 3.1 ~ step 3.5.
2. the prefabricated and verification method of the high accuracy of a kind of austenitic stainless steel weld joint fire check defect as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that in step 1.3, normal weld technological parameter is: Wen Du≤100 DEG C between electric current 100A, voltage 24V, bonding speed 200mm/min, layer, departs from welding condition electric current 80A ~ 120A, voltage 24V ~ 32V, bonding speed 150mm/min ~ 250mm/min, interlayer temperature 120 DEG C ~ 190 DEG C.
3. the prefabricated and verification method of the high accuracy of a kind of austenitic stainless steel weld joint fire check defect as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that step 2.1.1, tubing is ASTM304L austenitic stainless steel, specification 12 inches (Ф 323mm × 28.58mm), butt-welded two length of pipe sections of ring are 200mm.
4. the prefabricated and verification method of the high accuracy of a kind of austenitic stainless steel weld joint fire check defect as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that step 2.1.2, Wen Du≤100 DEG C between manual electric arc welding normal weld technological parameter electric current 85A ~ 120A, voltage 20V ~ 26V, layer, the welding departing from normal weld technological parameter is ensureing that on the basis that appearance of weld is good, welding current and weldingvoltage limit on the upper side, weld interpass temperature bring up to 160 DEG C ~ 190 DEG C.
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