CN104410137B - Charging protection circuit and electronic product - Google Patents

Charging protection circuit and electronic product Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104410137B
CN104410137B CN201410823336.8A CN201410823336A CN104410137B CN 104410137 B CN104410137 B CN 104410137B CN 201410823336 A CN201410823336 A CN 201410823336A CN 104410137 B CN104410137 B CN 104410137B
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Prior art keywords
switch pipe
current
resistance
output interface
connects
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CN201410823336.8A
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CN104410137A (en
Inventor
王学武
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Goertek Techology Co Ltd
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Qingdao Goertek Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00302Overcharge protection

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a charging protection circuit which comprises an input interface, a first current-limiting resistor and an output interface, wherein the current provided by a power supply sequentially flows through the input interface, the first current-limiting resistor and the output interface, and flows into a rechargeable battery through the output interface so as to charge the rechargeable battery. The charging protection circuit further comprises a second current-limiting resistor, a first switching tube and a second switching tube, wherein one end of the second current-limiting resistor is connected with the input interface, the other end of the second current-limiting resistor is connected with the output interface by virtue of a switching channel of the first switching tube; one end of the switching channel of the second switching tube is connected with the input interface, the other end of the switching channel of the second switching tube is grounded, and is connected with a control end of the first switching tube, and a control end of the second switching tube is connected with the output interface by virtue of a voltage-dividing circuit. According to the charging protection circuit disclosed by the invention, the over-charging of the rechargeable battery is avoided, and the service life of the rechargeable battery is prolonged; the charging protection circuit is applied in an electronic product, so that the service life of the electronic product is prolonged.

Description

A kind of charge protector and electronic product
Technical field
It is to be related to a kind of charge protector and use institute specifically the invention belongs to circuit protection technical field State the electronic product of charge protector design.
Background technology
At present, for electronic product, such as MP3, bluetooth earphone, the charging circuit of many producer's designs is exactly by one Diode and a current-limiting resistance to be charged for battery, and this kind of design, charging current keeps constant in charging process so that big Electric current charges to battery always, easily causes over-charging of battery and causes bulge, so as to cause the gas in battery to leak even quick-fried It is fried, reduce the service life of battery.
The content of the invention
The invention provides a kind of charge protector, over-charging of battery is solved the problems, such as.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is achieved using following technical scheme:
A kind of charge protector, including input interface, the first current-limiting resistance, output interface, the electricity that power supply is provided Stream flows successively through input interface, the first current-limiting resistance, output interface, and rechargeable battery is flowed into through output interface, is that rechargeable battery fills Electricity;Also include the second current-limiting resistance, first switch pipe and second switch pipe, one end connection of second current-limiting resistance is described defeated Incoming interface, the other end connects the output interface by the switch ways of the first switch pipe;The second switch pipe is opened The one end for closing path is connected to the input interface, the other end ground connection of the second switch pipe switch ways, and connects described The control end of first switch pipe, the control end of the second switch pipe connects the output interface by bleeder circuit.
Further, the first switch pipe is PMOS, and the source electrode of the first switch pipe connects second current limliting Resistance, the drain electrode connection output interface, grid connects the other end of the second switch pipe switch ways.
Further, the first switch pipe is PNP type triode, and the emitter stage connection of the first switch pipe is described Second current-limiting resistance, colelctor electrode connects the output interface, and base stage connects the other end of the second switch pipe switch ways.
Further, the second switch pipe is NPN type triode, and the colelctor electrode of the second switch pipe is connected to institute Input interface is stated, base stage connects the output interface by bleeder circuit, and emitter stage is grounded by the 3rd current-limiting resistance, and is connected The control end of the first switch pipe.
Further, the second switch pipe is PMOS, and the drain electrode of the second switch pipe is connected to the input and connects Mouthful, grid connects the output interface by bleeder circuit, and source electrode is connected described first and opened by the 3rd current-limiting resistance ground connection Close the control end of pipe.
Further, the bleeder circuit includes the first divider resistance and the second divider resistance, the first partial pressure electricity One end of resistance connects the output interface, and the other end of first divider resistance connects one end of second divider resistance, The intermediate node connection of the other end ground connection of second divider resistance, first divider resistance and the second divider resistance is described The control end of second switch pipe.
Further, the resistance of first divider resistance is more than the resistance of second divider resistance, described first Resistance of the resistance of current-limiting resistance more than second current-limiting resistance.
Preferably, the input interface is USB interface.
Further, the input interface connects the first current-limiting resistance and the second current-limiting resistance, institute respectively by diode The one end for stating the switch ways of second switch pipe is connected to the input interface by the diode.
Based on the structure design of above-mentioned charge protector, the charge protector is used the invention allows for one kind The electronic product of design, including rechargeable battery and charge protector, the charge protector include input interface, the first limit Leakage resistance, output interface, the electric current that power supply is provided flow successively through input interface, the first current-limiting resistance, output interface, through defeated Outgoing interface flows into rechargeable battery, is that rechargeable battery charges;Also include the second current-limiting resistance, first switch pipe and second switch pipe, One end of second current-limiting resistance connects the input interface, and the other end is connected by the switch ways of the first switch pipe The output interface;One end of the switch ways of the second switch pipe is connected to the input interface, the second switch pipe The other end ground connection of switch ways, and the control end of the first switch pipe is connected, the control end of the second switch pipe passes through Bleeder circuit connects the output interface;The output interface is connected with the rechargeable battery.
Compared with prior art, advantages and positive effects of the present invention are:Charge protector of the invention is using pure hard Part, the electronic component of low cost build, and are arranged between charging inlet and battery, without microcontroller charge detection and Control, it is possible to be automatically adjusted to charging process, it is to avoid overcharged to rechargeable battery, the circuit for simplifying electronic equipment sets Meter, has saved board area, while improve the life-span of rechargeable battery, enhances charging safety;By charge protection electricity Road is applied in design of electronic products, improves the service life of rechargeable battery in electronic product, then improves electronic product Service life.
After the detailed description of embodiment of the present invention is read in conjunction with the figure, the other features and advantages of the invention will become more Plus it is clear.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the circuit theory diagrams of charge protector proposed by the invention.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiment of the invention is described in more detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment one, the charge protector of the present embodiment is main by input interface, the first current-limiting resistance R1, the second current limliting Resistance R2, first switch pipe Q1, second switch pipe Q2, output interface etc. are constituted, shown in Figure 1, the first current-limiting resistance R1's One end connects input interface, the other end connection output interface of the first current-limiting resistance R1;One end connection of the second current-limiting resistance R2 Input interface, the other end of the second current-limiting resistance R2 connects one end of first switch pipe Q1 switch ways, and first switch pipe Q1 is opened Close the other end connection output interface of path;One end connection input interface of the Q2 switch ways of second switch pipe, second switch The other end ground connection of pipe Q2 switch ways, and connect the control end of first switch pipe Q1;The control end of second switch pipe Q2 passes through Bleeder circuit connects output interface.
When the voltage of output interface(That is now cell voltage)During less than setting voltage, second switch pipe Q2 shut-offs, so that First switch pipe Q1 is turned on, and the electric current that power supply is provided is divided into two-way after flowing through input port, and electric current is by the first limit all the way Leakage resistance R1 is transmitted to output interface, and another road electric current is passed by the switch ways of the second current-limiting resistance R2, first switch pipe Q1 Output interface is transported to, the electric current for flowing through output interface flows into rechargeable battery BAT, be that rechargeable battery BAT charges.
When the voltage of output interface(That is now cell voltage)During more than or equal to setting voltage, second switch pipe Q2 conductings, So as to first switch pipe Q1 shut-offs, the electric current that power supply is provided flows through input interface, the first current-limiting resistance R1, output interface, And transmitted to rechargeable battery BAT through output interface, it is that battery BAT charges.
When being turned on due to first switch pipe Q1, the first current-limiting resistance R1 and the second current-limiting resistance R2 is in parallel, the electricity after parallel connection Resistance of the resistance less than the first current-limiting resistance R1, so that charging current is larger.That is, when the voltage of output interface is less than setting During voltage, first switch pipe Q1 conductings, power supply is rechargeable battery by the first current-limiting resistance R1 and the second current-limiting resistance R2 BAT charges, and charging current is larger;When the voltage of output interface is more than or equal to setting voltage, first switch pipe Q1 shut-offs, power supply Power supply is by the first current-limiting resistance R1 for rechargeable battery BAT charges, and charging current is smaller.Therefore, to the charging of rechargeable battery BAT Process:When cell voltage is less than setting voltage, large current charge, when cell voltage is more than or equal to setting voltage, low current Charge, it is to avoid have been used up large current charge to rechargeable battery BAT, and then avoid rechargeable battery BAT and overcharge, effectively improve Life-span of rechargeable battery BAT.
In the present embodiment, in order to ensure the correct flow direction of electric current, diode D1, input interface are additionally provided with circuit By diode D1 connect respectively the first current-limiting resistance R1, the second current-limiting resistance R2, the switch ways of second switch pipe Q2 one End.
In the present embodiment, the voltage that power supply is provided is 5V, and diode D1 conduction voltage drops are 0.3V, the first current limliting electricity The resistance of the resistance more than the second current-limiting resistance R2 of R1 is hindered, for example, the resistance of R1 is 100 Ω, the resistance of R2 is 2.2 Ω.When When one switching tube Q1 is turned on, the first current-limiting resistance R1 and the second current-limiting resistance R2 is in parallel, and the resistance after parallel connection is(R1*R2)/(R1 +R2)The Ω of ≈ 2.15, are that the charging current that rechargeable battery BAT charges is(5-0.3)/2.15≈2.18A;As first switch pipe Q1 It is that the charging current that rechargeable battery BAT charges is during shut-off(5-0.3)/100≈0.047A.It can be seen that, first switch pipe Q1 conductings When charging current more than first switch pipe Q1 turn off when charging current.
In the present embodiment, first switch pipe Q1 is preferably PMOS, and second switch pipe Q2 is preferably NPN type triode, The source electrode of first switch pipe Q1 connects the second current-limiting resistance R2, and drain electrode connection output interface, grid connects second switch pipe Q2's Emitter stage, the emitter stage of second switch pipe Q2 is grounded by the 3rd current-limiting resistance R3, the colelctor electrode connection two of second switch pipe Q2 The negative electrode of pole pipe D1, the base stage of second switch pipe Q2 connects output interface by bleeder circuit.
The divider resistance includes that one end of the first divider resistance R4 and the second divider resistance R5, the first divider resistance R4 connects Output interface is connect, the other end of the first divider resistance R4 connects one end of the second divider resistance R5, and the second divider resistance R5's is another One end is grounded, the control end of the intermediate node connection second switch pipe Q2 of the first divider resistance R4 and the second divider resistance R5.
Adjust the resistance of the first divider resistance R4 and the second divider resistance R5 so that when the voltage of output interface is less than setting During voltage, second switch pipe Q2 shut-offs;When the voltage of output interface is more than or equal to setting voltage, second switch pipe Q2 conductings.
In the present embodiment, magnitude of voltage during rechargeable battery BAT full capacities is 4.2V, and setting voltage elects 4.1V, first as Resistance of the resistance of divider resistance R4 more than the second divider resistance R5, for example, the resistance of the first divider resistance R4 elects 5.1M Ω as, The resistance of the second divider resistance R5 elects 1.1M Ω as.
When the voltage of output interface is less than 4.1V, by the partial pressure of R4 and R5, the voltage of R4 and R5 intermediate nodes is less than 0.7V, that is to say, that the base voltage of second switch pipe Q2 is less than 0.7V, second switch pipe Q2 is turned off, second switch pipe Q2's Emitter voltage is 0V, so that the grid voltage of first switch pipe Q1 is 0V, source voltage is 4.7V, therefore first switch pipe Q1 Conducting, the first current-limiting resistance R1 and the second current-limiting resistance R2 are in parallel, and charging current is about 2.18A.
Carried out with to rechargeable battery BAT chargings, the voltage of rechargeable battery BAT is increasing, that is to say, that output connects The voltage of mouth is increasing, when the voltage of output interface is more than or equal to 4.1V, by the partial pressure of R4 and R5, R4 and R5 middle nodes The voltage of point is more than or equal to 0.7V, i.e. the base voltage of second switch pipe Q2 is more than or equal to 0.7V, due to second switch pipe Q2's Emitter voltage is 0V, and second switch pipe Q2 saturation conductions, the collector voltage of second switch pipe Q2 is diode D1 negative electrodes The voltage at place, i.e. 4.7V, the grid voltage of first switch pipe Q1 is also 4.7V, and the grid voltage of first switch pipe Q1 is more than source electrode Voltage, therefore first switch pipe Q1 shut-offs, charging current are about 0.047A.
Can be seen that, when cell voltage is less than 4.1V, power supply passes through the first current-limiting resistance R1 and the second current-limiting resistance R2 charges for rechargeable battery BAT, and charging current is 2.18A, and when cell voltage is more than or equal to 4.1V, power supply passes through first Current-limiting resistance R1 charges for rechargeable battery BAT, and charging current is 0.047A.
In the present embodiment, input interface is preferably USB interface, and input interface is inserted on the USB of power supply, i.e., Can be charged for rechargeable battery BAT.By setting USB interface, can improve and fill by computer etc. for rechargeable battery BAT charges The convenience of electricity.
Used as another preferred design of the present embodiment, first switch pipe Q1 is also an option that to be PNP type triode, The emitter stage of first switch pipe Q1 connects the second current-limiting resistance R2, colelctor electrode connection output interface, base stage connection second switch pipe The emitter stage of Q2.When second switch pipe Q2 is turned off, first switch pipe Q1 conductings, power supply by the first current-limiting resistance R1 and Second current-limiting resistance R2 charges for rechargeable battery BAT;When second switch pipe Q2 is turned on, the base voltage of first switch pipe Q1 is big In emitter voltage, first switch pipe Q1 shut-offs, power supply is by the first current-limiting resistance R1 for rechargeable battery BAT charges.Cause This, when first switch pipe Q1 elects PNP type triode as, it is also possible to realize above-mentioned functions.
Used as another preferred design of the present embodiment, the second switch pipe Q2 can also select PMOS, the The negative electrode of the drain electrode connection diode D1 of two switching tube Q2, source electrode is grounded by the 3rd current-limiting resistance R3, and connects first switch The control end of pipe Q1, grid connects output interface by bleeder circuit.Adjust the first divider resistance R4 and the second divider resistance R5 Resistance so that when output interface voltage be less than setting voltage when, second switch pipe Q2 shut-off;When the voltage of output interface is big When equal to setting voltage, second switch pipe Q2 conductings.
The present embodiment also proposed a kind of electronic product, and electronic product includes rechargeable battery and described charge protection electricity Road, the output interface of charge protector is connected with rechargeable battery, and power supply is by charge protector for rechargeable battery fills Electricity.
The electronic product is MP3, bluetooth earphone etc..
By setting charge protector in electronic product, the rechargeable battery in electronic product is protected, it is to avoid charge Over-charging of battery, or even battery explosion, then avoid electronic product because battery explosion causes to damage;Filled due to improve The service life of battery, then improves the service life of electronic product.
Certainly, described above is not limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is also not limited to the example above, this technology neck Change, remodeling, addition or replacement that the those of ordinary skill in domain is made in essential scope of the invention, should also belong to this hair Bright protection domain.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of charge protector, including input interface, the first current-limiting resistance, output interface, the electric current that power supply is provided Input interface, the first current-limiting resistance, output interface are flowed successively through, rechargeable battery is flowed into through output interface, be that rechargeable battery charges; It is characterized in that:Also include bleeder circuit, the second current-limiting resistance, first switch pipe and second switch pipe, the second current limliting electricity One end of resistance connects the input interface, and the other end connects the output interface by the switch ways of the first switch pipe; One end of the switch ways of the second switch pipe is connected to the input interface, the second switch pipe switch ways it is another End ground connection, and connect the control end of the first switch pipe;The bleeder circuit includes the first divider resistance and the second partial pressure electricity Resistance, one end of first divider resistance connects the output interface, the other end connection of first divider resistance described the One end of two divider resistances, the other end ground connection of second divider resistance, first divider resistance and the second divider resistance Intermediate node connect the control end of the second switch pipe;The resistance of first divider resistance is more than second partial pressure electricity The resistance of resistance, the resistance of the resistance more than second current-limiting resistance of first current-limiting resistance.
2. charge protector according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The first switch pipe is PMOS, described The source electrode of first switch pipe connects second current-limiting resistance, and the drain electrode connection output interface, grid connection described second is opened Close the other end of pipe switch ways.
3. charge protector according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The first switch pipe is PNP type triode, The emitter stage of the first switch pipe connects second current-limiting resistance, and colelctor electrode connects the output interface, base stage connection institute State the other end of second switch pipe switch ways.
4. the charge protector according to Claims 2 or 3, it is characterised in that:The second switch pipe is the pole of NPN type three Pipe, the colelctor electrode of the second switch pipe is connected to the input interface, and base stage connects the output interface by bleeder circuit, Emitter stage is grounded by the 3rd current-limiting resistance, and connects the control end of the first switch pipe.
5. the charge protector according to Claims 2 or 3, it is characterised in that:The second switch pipe is PMOS, institute The drain electrode for stating second switch pipe is connected to the input interface, and grid connects the output interface by bleeder circuit, and source electrode leads to The 3rd current-limiting resistance ground connection is crossed, and connects the control end of the first switch pipe.
6. charge protector according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The input interface is USB interface.
7. charge protector according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The input interface is connected respectively by diode The first current-limiting resistance and the second current-limiting resistance are connect, one end of the switch ways of the second switch pipe is connected by the diode To the input interface.
8. a kind of electronic product, it is characterised in that:Including rechargeable battery and such as any one of claim 1 to 7 claim institute The charge protector stated, the output interface of the charge protector is connected with the rechargeable battery.
CN201410823336.8A 2014-12-26 2014-12-26 Charging protection circuit and electronic product Active CN104410137B (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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CN104410137B true CN104410137B (en) 2017-05-24

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106300563A (en) * 2016-10-24 2017-01-04 江苏罗思韦尔电气有限公司 USB power supply protection circuit and use the vehicle intelligent charging device of this circuit
CN108736559A (en) * 2017-04-24 2018-11-02 西华大学 A kind of solar storage battery charging-discharging controller based on memristor
CN113206524B (en) * 2021-04-30 2022-11-29 石家庄宇飞电子有限公司 Ia-level intrinsic safety battery charging voltage feedback circuit

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100416975C (en) * 2005-06-22 2008-09-03 中兴通讯股份有限公司 Rechargeable battery charging method and its device
JP5714975B2 (en) * 2011-05-12 2015-05-07 Fdk株式会社 Charger
CN204290419U (en) * 2014-12-26 2015-04-22 青岛歌尔声学科技有限公司 A kind of charge protector and electronic product

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Effective date of registration: 20240507

Address after: 266104 No. 500, Songling Road, Laoshan District, Qingdao, Shandong

Patentee after: GOERTEK TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd.

Country or region after: China

Address before: 266061 room 401-436, 4th floor, building 3, Guozhan wealth center, No.18 Qinling Road, Laoshan District, Qingdao City, Shandong Province

Patentee before: QINGDAO GOERTEK TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd.

Country or region before: China